EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA ADDICTION IN

ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF THE

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

OF STO. ROSARIO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

A Research Proposal

Presented to

the Faculty of the English Department

In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the
Performance Task
In English 10
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By: G
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March, 2020
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 Table of Contents
Chapter Page

1 The Problem and Its Background

Introduction ………………………………………….. 1

Statement of the Problem………………………….. 12

Hypothesis of the Study……………………………. 14

Significance of the Study…………………………… 15

Scope and Delimitation's………………………………. 16

Definition of Terms…………………………………... 17

2 Review of Related Literature

Foreign Literature………………………………………. 18

Local Literature ……………………… 22

Foreign Studies………. 32

Local Studies…….. 34
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Conceptual Framework………………………………… 42 N
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Research Paradigm……………………………………… 43 I
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3 Research Methodology H

Research Design…………………………………………. 45 D
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Population of the Study …………………….. A
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Locale of the Study ………………………………….. 46 T
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Ethical Consideration………………………………. 46 E
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Research Instrument………………………………….. 46
Data Gathering Procedure…………………………… 47

Statistical Treatment………………………………….. 48

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 1

CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

The 21st century society is becoming saturated by digital media.

Digital screen behaviors, like television and video viewing, computer,

tablet, and smartphone use, as well as interacting on games consoles,

are taking up more and more time. In many ways, we can consider

digital as the new default with smartphones and social apps that craves

constant attention, offering ubiquitous access to friends, information

and entertainment (Westlund & Bjur, 2014). These digital habits might

be increasingly present also in young peoples' formal and informal

educational settings. A new report by the Global Web Index (2015)

indicates that 16-24s, in the Americas and Western part of Europe, are

online on their mobiles for 3.26 hours a day. In Norway, where this
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study are taking place, 83% of children and young people between 9 and G
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16 years have their own smartphone (Barn og Medier, 2014). Norway is I
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also regarded as one of the most digital countries in the world
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(Brandtzaeg, 2014). E
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Many of the fifteen years old young people today, and in the A
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present study, started to use YouTube when they were six-seven years M
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old and Facebook when they were around 11-12 years. Game consoles N
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such as PlayStation and X-box has also been part of their childhood,
and their first mobile phone is typically a smartphone. This generation

of young people can, therefore, be understood as not only "digital

natives" (Prensky, 2001), but "social media natives," as they have grown

up with and are familiar to interact with social media. Social media have

suggests a major shift from a world of passive receptivity users to active

engaged users. Hence, an important question is whether or not young

social media natives embrace the waste of opportunities for participation

provided by new media (Ahn, 2011; Kostakis, 2011) to keep up with the

mastery 21st century skills (OECD, 2011; Thomas & Brown, 2011).

Due to the increasing importance of the internet in the 21st

century, there is a growing awareness that the internet and digital

media should be integrated as an important and fundamental tool in

school for young people. The necessity to learn kids "digital competence"

is well implemented in educational and political strategies in Europe.

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Digital competence is evolving as an equally fundamental skill that to G
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read, count and write, and digital tools are said to be included in all I
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subjects as school.
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Social Media has also transmitted and enhanced the way of E
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students‟ way of learning, the style of their studying and the entire A
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scenario overall. Even the students started using these sites as M
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resources to obtain information and facilitate themselves towards their N
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completing assessments, projects, and related academic work. However,
there are different views from different scholars concerning the impact of

social networks on the academic performances of the students at

different levels. Studies have come out with different results stating that

the students on social networks may have positive or negative impact on

their studies. According to scientists, social networks are especially

dangerous for teenagers, as they form a false impression that love and

friendship are easy to conquer and just as easy to destroy. In addition,

young people who are acquainted with the fast stream of Internet life,

the truth may appear to be excessively dull, and they can have a go at,

making it impossible to "restore" it by making imprudent activities.

Some are supporters of the use of social media. They claim that the

latter provide access to knowledge and help students exchange

information quickly. Others think that students’ use social media

primarily to communicate about everything except studies and that they

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only distract students from the learning process. The use of social media G
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by students helps to have access to basic information as quick as I
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possible. Many universities and schools around the world restrict the
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access to social networks within its buildings. They justify this by E
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helping students concentrate on their studies. On the other hand, they A
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deny students the opportunity to use the numerous materials available M
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on these resources, such as scientific videos on YouTube. Hence, the N
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main objective of this study is to investigate the relationship of the
social media addiction to academic performance of Grade 9 students in

Sto. Rosario National High School.

Statement of the Problem

This study mainly aims to determine the relationship of use of

social media to the academic performance of the students in Sto.

Rosario High School for the School Year 2019-2020. Specifically, it

intends to answer the following questions:

1. How may the respondents be described according to the following

demographic profile?

a. Gender

b. Age

c. General average

2. Is there a significant relationship between the social media

addiction to the academic performance of the students?

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Hypothesis of the Study L
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The researcher hypothesizes that: S
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Ho: There is no significant relationship between the social media D

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addiction to the academic performance of the students. P
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Significance of the Study

The importance and result of this study will benefit the following:

Students. The result of this study will surely partake in informing

the students particularly in Sto. Rosario National High School that

overusing social media will have a great impact on their lives, and these

effects would either be positive or negative depending on their means of

using the social media. Students will then change their time schedules

in using social media platforms responsibly.

Teachers. This study will help the teachers of the school to know

the influence that social media has on their students, so as to assist

them to enlighten and create awareness to the students on the possible

influence it has on them. They can create great strategies in teaching

students the beneficial way of using social media sites.

Parents. The outcome of this study will take part in informing the
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parents of the community to monitor the time that their children use for G
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social media. I
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Future Researchers. The result of this study will guide the future
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researchers in evaluating and testing the validity of their findings in E
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related literature. The result of the study will serve as a cross-reference 12
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for their study in the future. M
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In addition, this will serve as reference to those who wish to N
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conduct a study similar to this.
Scope and Delimitation

The respondents of this study will be the 100 out of 240 Grade 9

students of Sto. Rosario High School (SRHS) in Minalin, Pampanga. The

respondents will be delimited only to the students who use social media

excessively.

Definition of Terms

The following terminologies are defined operationally and

conceptually:

Academic performance. Generally refers to how well a student is

accomplishing his or her tasks and studies, but there are quite a

number of factors that determine the level and quality of students'

academic performance.

Effect. It is something that is produced by an agency or cause, result,

consequence.
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Facebook. It is a free social networking Web platform that promotes and G
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facilitates interaction between friends, family and colleagues. Facebook I
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was founded in 2004 by Mark Zuckerberg and several Harvard
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University classmates (Techopedia, 2018). In this study, the researchers E
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used this social media platform as both empowering and deteriorating A
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social media platform for student’s academics. M
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Instagram. It is the name of an online photo sharing social Web service N
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that lets you share your life with friends through a series of pictures
captured with a mobile device. Instagram also supports video uploads

and lets users of the service instantly share photos on several social

sites, including Flickr, Facebook, Tumblr and Twitter or specify a

location with any photo to check in on Foursquare. (Vangie Beal, 2018).

In this study, the researchers used this social media platform as both

empowering and deteriorating social media platform for student’s

academics.

Internet. A global computer network providing a variety of information

and communication facilities, consisting of interconnected networks

using standardized communication protocols (Oxford University Press,

2018).

Social Media. It is a computer-based technology that facilitates the

sharing of ideas and information and the building of virtual netwroks

and communities. By design, social media is internet based and offers

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users easy electronic communication of personal information and other G
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content, such as videos and photos. Users engage with social media via I
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computer, table or smartphone via web-based software or web
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application, often utilizing it for messaging (Investopedia 2018). E
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Social Media Platforms. It is a web-based technology that enables the A
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development, deployment and management of social media solutions M
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and services. It provides the ability to create social media websites and N
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services with complete social media network functionality (Techopedia

2018).

Technology. It is a body of knowledge devoted to creating tools,

processing actions and the extracting of materials. The term

“Technology” is wide, and everyone has their way of understanding its

meaning. We use technology to accomplish various tasks in our daily

lives, I brief; we can describe technology as products and processes used

to simplify our daly lives. We use technology to extend our abilities,

making people the most crucial part of any technological system.

(Karehka Ramey, 2013). In this study, these are those electronic driven

technologies that students can use a medium to have access to social

media platforms.

Twitter. It is a social networking and micro blogging online service that

allows users to send and receive text-based messages or posts of up to

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140 characters called “tweets” (Techopedia 2018). In this study, the G
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researchers used this social media platform as both empowering and I
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deteriorating social media platform for student’s academics.
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 CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter aims to present the synthesis of researches that

support the study on effects of social media use to academic

performance of the students. Included in the chapter were the

theoretical and conceptual framework which pertains to articles or

books written by authorities and the related researches which pertain to

the researches that support the findings of this study.

Foreign Literature

Barnes (1954) indicates that Social Network Theory views social

relationships in terms of nodes and ties. Social Network is a social

structure made up of individuals (or organizations) called “nodes”, which

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are tied (connected) by one or more specific types of interdependency, N
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such as friendship, kinship, common interest, financial exchange, L
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likes/dislikes, or relationships of beliefs, knowledge or prestige. S
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Moreover Abhyankar (2011) pointed out that from the very D

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beginning; human beings always associated themselves to some form of P
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social structure as they evolved across generations. All human beings R
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crave social life, but not all can have time and resources to enjoy social E
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circle where they can communicate, collaborate and freely express T
themselves with like-minded peers for satisfying their different needs

like security, assets, skills, relationships, science and technology,

events, politics, history, literature, art, etc. There is no end to the list of

fundamental principles that can drive people to create platforms for

communication and interaction, mutually beneficial for the whole

community.

According to Abhyankar (2011), “Social Network” is an online

community where people across the globe (irrespective of demographic

and geographical differences) can develop network with different

organizations or individuals for a specific purpose. It creates a chain of

linked/connected entities (individuals/organizations, communities,

forums, groups etc.) like a tree with multiple branches and nodes. These

branches are the various groups, communities, forums etc. that an

individual intends to join. Hence, a social network represents

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relationships between nodes (people) and flows between the branches G
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(groups, communities, forums, organizations etc.) I
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DiMicco and Millen (2007) adds that Social network sites have
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been widely studied from a consumer perspective despite huge E
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investment by many organizations in social technology, and a number of A
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high profile failures and embarrassments stemming from their use. Of M
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the few existing studies of social network site use in organizations, there N
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are a couple looking at the uses of public social network sites (such as
Facebook and LinkedIn) in an organizational context. Skeels and Grudin

2009), and a handful more looking at uses of private, internal sites

(Brzozowski, 2009).

A social networking service is an online service, platform, or site

that focuses on building and reflecting of social networks or social

relations among people, who, for example, share interests and/or

activities. A social network service consists of a representation of each

user (often a profile), his/her social links, and a variety of additional

services. Most social network services are web-based and provide means

for users to interact over the Internet, such as e-mail and instant

messaging. Online community services are sometimes considered as a

social network service, though in a broader sense, social network service

usually means an individual-centered service whereas online

community services are group-centered. Social networking sites allow

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users to share ideas, activities, events, and interests within their G
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individual networks. I
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Social media are becoming increasingly popular among politicians
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and their organizations as a means to disseminate political messages, E
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learn about the interests and needs of constituents and the broader A
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public, raise funds, and build networks of support. These activities often M
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take place on privately run social networking sites that allow political N
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figures and institutions to communicate with the public in unmediated,
high-profile fora. In Canada, many parliamentarians have created

accounts on popular sites such as Facebook, Twitter, and MySpace and

Flickr. The content posted on these sites may relate to policy issues and

the official work of politicians or to aspects of their personal lives (Clark,

2010).

Some people argue that social media remove barriers to collective

action and empower citizens to influence and monitor the work of

policy-makers by offering a low-cost and, in some cases, more personal

and compelling means of raising funds, spreading information and

recruiting supporters from a broad range of backgrounds. In addition,

some note that, by enabling people to connect across long distances,

new information and communication technologies, including social

media, have been instrumental in the growth of transnational political

movements.
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However, results of a recent Nanos poll suggest that social media– G
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based political activism remains at the fringes in Canada (Clark, 2010). I
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According to these findings, approximately 50% of Canadians believe
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that Facebook groups should have minimal to no impact on government, E
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and approximately 30% have a negative to somewhat negative view of A
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the use of Facebook groups to share ideas and mobilize activity. M
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Social media activism is still at an early stage in its development; N
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they emphasize that, according to the same poll, approximately 30% of
Canadians held a positive or somewhat positive view of Facebook-based

campaigns. Young people in Canada demonstrate low levels of trust and

interest in political institutions and representatives, and are less likely

to vote and join political parties than previous cohorts of young

Canadians. Because young people are avid users of social media, these

technologies are often discussed as one possible means by which young

people may become more engaged in the democratic process.

Proponents of this argument also note that young people expect

immediacy and interactivity when communicating, an assumption that

might be better accommodated by social media tools than by the

complex, bureaucratic communication channels of many governing

institutions.

The use of social networking as a public relations tool is certainly

a nothings among organizations. The velocity and accessibility brought

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by these sites when it comes to information is truly impeccable. A lot of G
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things may still come up in the future, but as for now, if you want your I
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business to get noticed, you may want to use social media. The dawn of
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the Internet as an innovation in itself has probably propelled lot of E
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changes and advancements in a lot of sectors. Through the websites A
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that they put up, they are able to inform people about their products M
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and services in a more efficient way. The use of electronic mail has also N
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helped them gauge their audience’s needs and wants as well as
addressing to them in a quick way. The most recent innovation in online

business would be the usage of social media as a marketing tool. Social

Networking sites, in particular have helped organizations in terms of

their public relations with their target audiences. The invasion of

various businesses in these sites have been rampant, mainly because of

its advantages that has proven to be very effective in increasing

visibility, revenue, and influence. Read on to learn more about the 19

power of social media marketing.

Local Literature

In this Digital Age, everyone seems to make his or her presence

felt in the virtual world to validate his or her existence. Getting

connected through social networks and blog sites seems to be the norm,

not just among individuals, but also among companies and businesses.

With this, the Honor Award Program (HAP) of the Civil Service
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Commission (CSC) has ventured into social media to strengthen its G
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promotional strategies of the Program. I
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Commission on Information and Communications Technology
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(CICT) Chairman Ivan John E. Uy said that social networking sites can E
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be a useful tool in public service delivery. “The use of Facebook and A
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Twitter in government offices provides better access to the public,” he M
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said in an interview aired over DZRB. There are 24 million Internet N
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users in the Philippines, 51% of which use social networking sites.
Social media is an effective platform for information dissemination and

engagement. “It’s about time to engage with our stakeholders. There are

1.4 million government workers all over the country. Filipinos should

hear of the inspiring stories of our outstanding public servants. Being

on Facebook is one way to reach out to the public that we serve,” said

CSC Chairman Francisco T. Duque III. The Pangasinan provincial

government is vigorously pushing people empowerment, including

generating greater public awareness on various government programs

through the use of social networking sites. Pursuing this thrust, the

provincial government led by Gov. Amado Espino Jr. conducted a multi-

sector bloggers’ orientation seminar last June 1 at the Pangasinan

Development and Training Center here. The participants included

provincial department heads, chiefs of hospitals, administrative officers

and staff, and IT personnel of different departments of the provincial

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government. Vangie Padilla, a social media specialist and resource G
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speaker, said Espino wanted to raise the level of quality of public service I
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given to the 2.6 million College of Arts and Science Bachelor of Science
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in Foreign Service. Since there are now some 300,000 Pangasinenses E
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who are on Facebook, Padilla said Espino thought of coping with the A
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times by “switching from the traditional to cyberspace.” “Since M
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Pangasinan is now dubbed as No. 1 province in many aspects, N
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Gov.Espino opts to explore greater heights of bringing government
service closer to the people, having seen the intense impact of social

media like Facebook, Twitter and YouTube among Pangasinenses,”

Padilla said. Coinciding with the half-day orientation was the launching

of Espino’s social networking sites. The public is invited to get in touch

with the governor, learn more about the province and the various

programs and projects of the provincial government using these social

networking sites in just few clicks. Provincial employees lauded the

project, expressing their full support to the cause by putting their own

group page so they can post their regular activities and enable the

public to keep track of the efforts of the provincial government. A series

of orientation seminars is underway for all provincial employees, high

school and college students, Sangguniang Kabataan officials, and

various sectors in the province. Tutorial for government employees on

social networking is also set to fully realize the project.

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The Philippines has been on the World Wide Web since the early G
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90s.MozCom was the first commercially available Internet provider in I
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the Philippines, starting in 1994. In early 2000, via the Electronic
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Commerce Act or Republic Act 8792, the Philippine government E
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mandated that every department should have a presence on the web. A
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This was to allow the public access to information as well as a means to M
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communicate with their duly elected politicians. There are different N
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levels of web presence required of the government. The hierarchy, from
the most basic to the highest, is: Emerging Web Presence level could be

just a simple static website with details of the respective agency and

contact information.

Enhanced Web Presence includes regularly updated data, a portal

to other departments or government agencies, and a section where users

can download documents. Interactive Web Presence means more

dynamic websites. Information must be updated on a daily or weekly

basis. Documents and forms can be downloaded before submitting them

to the agency. Search features should also be available. Transactional

Web Presence means the user can perform secure transactions

completely on the site, without the need for filling out paper forms and

documents. The fifth and most important level is Fully Integrated Web

Presence. Here the government agency should be able to provide all

requirements through two-way communication such email or instant

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messaging. There should be social networking information, and G
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documents and forms should be available from a single website. This I
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gives the public a direct means of sending feedback, and increases
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opportunities for almost instantaneous responses from the agency in E
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question. At this point, many departments just barely qualify for the A
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third level, while a few are already exploring the fourth level. Very few M
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governments around the world have the equivalent of the fifth level of N
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web presence. All government websites operate under guidelines set by
the Office of the President to standardize the quality of government web

presence. This is implemented and monitored by the Department of

Trade and Industry (http://dti.gov.ph). These are followed according to

the different types of service provided by the department, which include

the agency working with the public, another government agency or a

business. Some departments already allow applications online, filing or

permits and payment. E-commerce services are also in place for the

convenience of businesses and corporations. The standardization allows

the agencies to scale their deployment on the web in phases, which

ensures that they are able to bring the best service without unnecessary

expense or inconvenience to the public. In recent months, certain

government agencies have proven to be valuable in providing

information to the public. Such services are useful particularly in times

of crisis, both natural and man-made, such as war in countries where

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there are many Filipinos, or random natural calamities. Part of the G
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government’s job Is to makes information available to the public. In the I
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past, this was done through TV, radio or printed newspapers. However
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this means that the information is at least a few hours old. The Internet E
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makes all information available almost in real time, making it the ideal A
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tool in reporting news as it happens, not as it happened hours ago. Any M
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Filipino citizen should know where to look for information regarding our N
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government. You need look no further than The Official Website of the
Republic of the Philippines (http://www.gov.ph). This site is a portal to

other government websites and is managed at the Office of the President

of the Philippines. It includes news reports, official press releases and a

directory of other government websites. The government website

directory includes the Office of the President (http://president.gov.ph)

and the Office of the Vice President (http://ovp.gov.ph). But due to the

recent earthquake in Japan, many citizens are questioning the

capability of our government to react to a natural calamity of that

magnitude. The official website of the Philippine Institute of Volcanology

and Seismology or PHIVOLCS (http://www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph)

provides information on disasters arising from volcanic eruptions,

earthquake and tsunami. PHIVOLCS, meanwhile, operates under the

Department of Science and Technology (DOST)(http://dost.gov.ph).

Since the civil war in Libya started in February, thousands of Overseas

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Filipino Workers have been clamoring to return to the Philippines. The G
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unstable political climate in the Middle East highlights the need for a I
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single source of information for OFWs and their families. There are a
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number of government agencies working together to help these E
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displaced workers evacuate quickly and safely. The first is the A
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Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA) (http://dfa.gov.ph), which has been M
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in negotiations with the governments on nations in turmoil and the N
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neighboring countries where our countrymen can seek refuge.
 Another invaluable resource is the Overseas Workers Welfare

Administration (OWWA)(http://www.owwa.gov.ph). As we move into the

21st century, more and more government agencies are working to

improve their web presence to include social networking, which is now

more than just a new buzzword thrown around in meetings. The

information that was disseminated across various demographics at Edsa

II shows that it’s not just the youth you can reach with technology.

Older generations will not be left behind. The sites are becoming

increasingly easy to use and the convenience is starting to outweigh the

alternatives. Waiting in line at the Land Transportation Office (LTO)

(http://www.lto.gov.ph) for your driver’s license will soon be part of the

past. The Internet is information, it is convenience, it is here. You had 29

best embrace it, or you’ll be the only one who’ll be waiting in line.

Foreign Studies
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Owusu-Acheaw, & Larson (2015) did a study to assess students’ G
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use of social media and its effect on academic performance of tertiary I
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institutions students in Ghana with a focus on Koforidua Polytechnic
D
students. Questionnaire was used for collecting data. The study revealed E
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that majority of the respondents had mobile phones which also had A
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Internet facility on them and had knowledge of the existence of many M
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media sites. The study further confirmed that most of the respondents N
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visit their social media sites using their phones and spend between
thirty minutes to three hours per day. In addition the study revealed

that the use of social media sites had affect academic performance of

the respondents negatively and that there was direct relationship

between the use of social media sites and academic performance.

Hasnain, et al (2015) carried out a research to study the

relationship between the use of social media and students’ academic

performance in Pakistan. The results suggest, social media has an

inverse relationship with academic performance. Social media platform

used in a positive manner it can help students and youth in gaining

knowledge that can be used to enhance their academic performance.

Emeka & Nyeche (2016) also did a study on the Impact of Internet

Usage on Academic performance of under-graduate students using

University of Abuja, Nigeria as a case study. Survey method using

questionnaires as the instrument for data collection was adopted. The

E
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result revealed that the use of Internet is a beneficial tools to students G
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and enhances their skills and capability which will assist them in I
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studies and professional life.
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Raut & Patil (2016) highlights how social media influenced E
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education sector the study revealed various positive and negative A
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impacts of social media on education or students. It also highlighted M
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measure to minimize the negative impact of social media on students’ N
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academic performances such as; moderating their access to social media

sites, reducing the amount of time spent on social network sites.

Zahid, et al (2016) did a study to determine the effect of growing

use of social media sites on the academic performance of the students of

universities and colleges. On the basis of random sampling, 300

students were selected. Questionnaire was used as the instrument for

data collection. The questionnaire received from respondents were

analyzed with descriptive statistic. Results indicate that the effect of 29

social media can be positive

Local Studies

Social Networking is one of the trendiest topics being talked about

by the students in SRHS. Examples of social networking sites are

Intagram, Facebook, Twitter and. Social Networking Sites help us to

communicate with our friends, classmates, and relatives but they also
E
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allow us to communicate with other people who contribute to common G
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interests with us. For instance a person added another person as a I
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friend on Facebook since both of them is addicted on playing Restaurant
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City. Through these social networking sites, we develop virtual E
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interpersonal relationships. An interpersonal relationship is a relatively A
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long-term relationship between two or more people. M
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This connection may be based on emotions like love and liking, N
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regular business interactions, or some other type of social
commitments. Interpersonal relationships take place in a great variety of

contexts, such as family, friends, marriage, acquaintances, work, clubs,

neighborhoods, and churches. They may be regulated by law, custom,

or mutual agreement, and are the basis of social groups and society as a

whole.

Social networking sites manipulate the interpersonal relationship

of students in many ways. Through social networking sites, users come

to meet other people worldwide. These people can affect the user’s

interpersonal relationship with other people close to him/her. This

influence can either be good or bad for the user. The researchers chose

the topic about the influence of social networking sites to be studied

because it is shown evidently that most of the students in SRHS use

Social Networking Sites as part of their activities done in the internet.

Possible advantages:
E
N
• Facilitates open communication, leading to enhanced information G
L
discovery and delivery. I
S
H
• Allows employees to discuss ideas, post news, ask questions and share
D
links. E
P
• Provides an opportunity to widen business contacts. A
R
T
• Targets a wide audience, making it a useful and effective recruitment M
E
tool. N
T
• Improves business reputation and client base with minimal use of

advertising.

• Expands market research, implements marketing campaigns, delivers

communications and directs interested people to specific web sites.

Possible disadvantages:

• Opens up the possibility for hackers to commit fraud and launch spam

and virus attacks.

• Increases the risk of people falling prey to online scams that seem

genuine, resulting in data or identity theft.

• Potentially results in negative comments from employees about the

company or potential legal consequences if employees use these sites to

view objectionable, illicit or offensive material.

• Potentially results in lost productivity, especially if employees are busy

updating profiles, etc.

E
N
Employers do have the right to simply ban all computer activity G
L
that is not work-related, but this approach may not yield optimal I
S
H
results. If employees are to be allowed access to social networking
D
platforms, then a comprehensive and well-defined policy should be E
P
established to prevent abuse. A
R
T
A social networking use policy generally: M
E
• Defines what social networking is particular to your organization, so N
T
employees know exactly what is meant by the term.
• Establishes a clear and defined purpose for the policy.

• Communicates benefits of social networking and of having a policy.

• Provides a clear platform for educating employees.

• Takes into consideration any legal ramifications of not following laws.

• Refers to confidentiality of employer trade secrets and private or

confidential information. Talks about productivity in terms of social

networking.

• Provides guidance regarding social networking outside of company

time/property that could be associated with the company, employees or

customers. Some employers may prohibit posting of company

information on social networking sites without explicit consent.

• Provides examples of policy violations.

• Outlines disciplinary measures to be taken for policy violations. What

may be the most concerning aspect of social networking platforms is

E
N
that they encourage people to share personal information. Even the G
L
most cautious and well-meaning individuals can give away information I
S
H
they should not; the same applies to what is posted on company-
D
approved social networking platforms. E
P
• Employees may not be aware of how their actions online may A
R
T
compromise company security. Educate employees as to how a simple M
E
click on a received link or a downloaded application can result in a virus N
T
infecting their computer and the network. Advise them not to click on
suspicious links and to pay careful attention when providing personal

information online. Remember that just because employees may have an

online profile, it doesn’t necessarily mean they have a high level of

security awareness.

Tamayo & dela Cruz (2014) studied relationship between the use

of Social Media sites and the Academic Performance of the students of

Bachelor of Science in Information Technology at Centro Escolar

University-Malolos. The study shows that using Social Media impedes

student’s learning and directly affects the students’ attendance at

school. The result of the analysis was plotted in a scatter diagram to

show a clear view of correlation or relationship between the variables. 39

Social Media and Academic Performance has effect to each other. It only

means that when a student gets too involve with the use of Social Media

it effects his performance in class activities and overall academic

E
N
performance. G
L
Theoretical Framework I
S
H
This study will be employ the Computer-mediated communication
D
theory, Social information processing theory, and Social learning theory E
P
as theoretical basis of the study. A
R
T
a. Computer-mediated communication theory - Deindividuation M
E
Phenomena in action can be seen in computer mediated communication N
T
(CMC-for example, Twitter, Facebook, Blogs, YouTube, Social
networking sites, or chat rooms). People can use CMC, unlike any other

media to communicate anonymously if they wish. Just as traditional

research on deindividuation predicts, CMC is often characterized by

hostile negative interactions (Trolling, cyber bullying or flaming) and

increased level of personal disclosure. Theorists typically attributes such

behavior to the physical anonymity offered by CMC is argued that the

anonymity of CMC frees people from normal constraints on behavior,

allowing people to behave impulsively and often anti socially however,

some research shows that although the dendividuation context of CMC

blurs, peoples individual characteristic. An important consequence is

that it also enhances the salience of groups and their associated norms.

(Douglas).

b. Social information processing theory- this theory explains how

individuals use computer mediated communication to develop

E
N
interpersonal impressions and to advance relational communication G
L
over time online. The absence of non-verbal cues when using a medium I
S
H
that is generally restricted to textual symbols. The theory stipulates that
D
the information processing of such code systems requires more time E
P
than face to face communication in order to achieve similar levels of A
R
T
interpersonal development (Walther, 2015). M
E
Social learning theory – The close relation of this theory to social N
T
cognitive theory is argued that screen-media exposure leads to the
cognitive acquisition of behaviors along with their expected social,

emotional, and cognitive consequences. Exposure to portrayals

suggesting that a Behavior (sex) will lead to social disapproval or other

negative outcomes. Is likely to foster negative attitudes toward the

depicted behavior, not promote its enactment. Thus the content

portrayed (sexual or not) and the specific nature of content are critical to

measure if one wishes to accurately predict subsequent beliefs and

behavior (Circello, 2013)

Conceptual Framework/Research Paradigm

E
N
G
L
I
S
H

D
E
P
A
R
T
M
E
N
T
Figure 1 presents the conceptual framework of the study

The researcher had formulated three parts to see the result. The input,

process and output.

Input. The researcher makes a letter of approval to sign by the principal

validated by the English teacher and then the researcher will be going to

prepare a checklist or a questionnaire to be answered by the

respondents.

• Students' Profile

• Students' Social Media Usage

• Students' Academic Performance measured by their Average of 1st to

3rd grading grade

• Survey instrument

Process. It is the evaluation through survey questionnaire of the:

• Effects of Social Media on the School Work of Grade 8 students of

E
N
SRHS G
L
• Relationship between the use of Social Media and the Academic I
S
H
Performance of Grade 8 students of SRHS
D
• Presentation, analysis and interpretation of results E
P
Output. The researcher aims to find Relationship of Social Media with A
R
T
the Academic Performance of Grade 8 students of SRHS and 43
33
M
E
recommendations to regulate Social Media usage at school. N
T
 CHAPTER 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter explains how the study is going to be conducted and

what the researcher will use in gathering the necessary data for the

completion of the study.

This includes the research design, the population and sampling,

sampling procedure, data gathering procedure, research instrument and

the statistical treatment of data.

Research Design

In this study, the researchers made use of Descriptive Research

Design. Since descriptive research design concerns to providing a

picture of a situation as it naturally happens through the use of

descriptions. The research design that the researchers used will enabled
E
N
them to profoundly interpret, analyze, and describe the relationship of G
L
social media usage and the school performances of the Grade 8 students I
S
H
of SRHS since the researchers need to come up with data quantitatively.
D
To investigate the problems stated in this study such as the E
P
profile of the students, their Social media usage, and the effects of Social A
R
T
media in their Academic Performance, descriptive research is employed. M
E
As to identify the relationship of the Social Media in the students' N
T
Academic Performance, correlational type of research is employed.
Locale of the study

This study is conducted at Sto. Rosario National High School

Junior High School. It is located at Barangay Sto. Rosario, Minalin,

Pampanga.

Population and Sampling of the Study

This study will be covered and limited only Grade 9 student of

SRHS who have their personal mobile phone or computer and have an

account social networking sites. In this research work, random

sampling technique will be used. The researcher will ask those students

who are willing and available to answer the formulated survey

questionnaire. We will continuously do this process until the sample

reaches the desired size.

Research Instrument

The instrument for data collection was the survey questionnaire and
E
N
analysis. To gather data for the three research questions, survey, review G
L
of literatures and analysis were used. Survey questionnaires were I
S
H
floated to the respondents. It is a tool containing several questions to
D
gather information from the respondents. The survey questionnaire E
P
contains clear and simple questions that enable the respondents to A
R
T
provide accurate information. Each item in the survey questionnaires M
E
are intended to answer the research sub-problems. N
T
Ethical Considerations

Permission to conduct the study and to use resources in the

research locale will be asked from the principal of the school. The

researcher kept in mind the ethical considerations for this study, such

as the experiences of the respondents during study. The researcher

refrained from making judgments or comments that may have affected

the confidence or perceptions of the respondents. The anonymity and

the information of the respondents will be protected. The researcher will

consider the potential impact of his or her research on those affected. All

materials will be kept confidential, securing documents with

respondents information and will be kept by the researchers.

Data Gathering Procedures

In regards with the gathering of data, the researcher will utilize

formulated survey questionnaire. In accordance with this, the

E
N
researcher will follow the following step by step procedures. G
35
L
1. The researcher will ask the permission of the Principal of the school I
S
H
and the letter was signed by the english teacher. This will allow them to
D
conduct a survey pertaining to the said research title. E
47
P
2. The researcher will distribute the formulated survey questionnaire. A
R
T
M
E
N
T
Statistical Analysis

The data that will be obtained from the questionnaires which is

going to be distributed by the researcher was tabulated, analyzed and

interpreted with the use of the following sampling technique;

1. Percentage was used to define the demographic profile of the

respondents.

Formula: % = f ÷ n * 100

Where: f = Frequency (number of the correct answers of the

respondents)

n = Overall Points

% = Percentage of correct answers of the respondent

2. Weighted Mean was used to determine the effect of social networking

E
N
on social aspect and academic performances of the students. G
L
Formula: X = ∑X ÷ N I
S
H
Where: ∑X = total score of the respondents
D
E
P
N = number of respondent A
R
T
M
E
N
T
3. T-Test was used to determine the difference of two variables.

Formula: t= x 1 – x2

√ (n1 – 1)(s1)2 + (n2 – 1)(s2)2

[ 1
+
1
]
n1 + n 2 – 2 n1 n2

E
N
G
L
I
S
H

D
E
P
A
R
T
M
E
N
T