1.1 A reservoir of glycerin 1.

4 The weight of a body is 100

(glyc) has a mass of 1200 kg and lb. Determine (a) its weight in
a volume of 0.952m3 Find the newtons, (b) its mass in
glycerin's weight (W),mass kilograms, and (c) the rate of
density (p), specific weight acceleration [in both feet per
(y), and specific gravity second per second (ft/s 2) and
(s.g.). meters per second per second
(m/s 2 ) ] if a net force of 50
lb is applied to the body.

1.2 A body requires a force of

100N to accelerate it at a rate
of 0.20m/s 2 Determine the mass 1.5 Thespecific gravity of ethyl
of the body in kilograms and in alcohol is 0.79. Calculate
slugs. itsspecific weight (in both
pounds per cubic foot and
kilonewtons per cubic meter) and
mass density (in both slugs per
cubic foot and kilograms per
cubic meter).

1.3 A reservoir of carbon

tetrachloride (CC4) has a mass
of 500 kg and a volume of 0.315 1.6 A quart of water weights
m3 Find the carbon about 2.08lb. Compute its massin
tetrachloride's weight, mass slugs and in kilograms
density, specific weight, and
specific gravity.
1.7 One cubic foot of glycerin 1.10 Acertain gasoline weighs
has a mass of 2.44 slugs. Find 46.5lb/ft3 What are its mass
itsspecific weight in both density,specific volume, and
pounds per cubic foot and specific gravity?
kilonewtons per cubic meter.

1.8 Aquart of SAE 30oil at 68°F

weighs about 1.85 lb. Calculate 1.11 If the specific weight of a
the oil'sspecific weight, mass substance is 8.2 kN/m3 , what is
density, and specific gravity. its mass density?

1.9 The volume of a rock isfound 1.12 An object at a certain

to be 0.00015 m3 If the location has a mass of 2.0kg and
rock'sspecific gravity is 2.60, weighs 19.0 Non a spring
what isits weight? balance. What is the
acceleration due to gravity at
this location?
1.13 If an object has a mass of
2.0 slugs at sea level, what
would its mass be at a location
where the acceleration due to
gravity is 30.00 ft/s 2?
1.14 What would be the weight of
a 3-kg mass on a planet where
the acceleration due to gravity
is 10.00 m/s 2?
1.15 Determine the weight of a
5-slug boulder at a place where
the acceleration due to gravity
is 31.7 ft/s 2
1.16 If 200 ft3 of oil weighs
10520 lb, calculate its specific
weight, density, and specific
gravity.
1.17 Find the height of the free
surface if 0.8ft3of water is
poured into a conical tank (Fig.
1-1) 20in high with a base
radius of 10 in. How much
additional water is required to
fill the tank?
1.18 If the tank of Prob. 1.17
holds 30.5 kg of salad oil, what
is the density of the oil?

1.19 Understandard conditions a
certain gas weighs 0.14lb/ft3
Calculate its density, specific
volume, and specific gravity
relative to air weighing 0.075
lb/ft3
1.20 If the specific volume of a
gas is 360ft3/slug, what is its
specific weight?
1.21 A vertical glass cylinder
contains 900.00 mL of water at
10 °C; the height of the water
column is 90.00 cm. The water
and its container are heated to
80 °C. Assuming no evaporation,
what will be the height of the
water if the coefficient of
thermal expansion (a) for the
glass is 3.6 x 10- 6 °C- 1?
1.22 If a vessel that contains
3.500ft3 of water at 50"F and
atmospheric pressure is heated
to 160°F, what will be the
percentage change in its volume?
What weight of water must be
removed to maintain the original
volume?
1.23 A vertical, cylindrical
tank with a diameter of 12.00m
and a depth of 4.00m isfilled to
the top with water at 20 °C. If
the water is heated to 50 °C,
how much water will spillover?
1.24 A thick, closed, steel
chamber is filled with water at
50 °F and atmospheric pressure.
If the temperature of water and
chamber is raised to 100°F,find
the new pressure of the water.
The coefficient of thermal
expansion of steel is 6.5 X 10-
6 per °F.

1.25 A liquid compressed in a 1.28 Find the change in volume

cylinder has a volume of 1000cm3
at 1 MN/m2 and a volume of
995cm3 at 2MN/m2What is its bulk
modulus of elasticity (K)?
of 1.00000 ft3 of water at 80 °F
when subjected to a pressure
increase of 300 psi. Water's
bulk modulus of elasticity at
this temperature is 325 000 psi.

1.29 From the following test

1.26 Find the bulk modulus
elasticity of a liquid if
pressure of 150 psi applied
10 ft3 of the liquid causes
volume reduction of 0.02 ft3.
of data, determine the bulk modulus
a of elasticity of water: at 500
to psi the volume was 1.000 ft3,
a and at 3500 psi the volume was
0.990 ft3.

1.30 A rigid steel container is

1.27 If K = 2.2 GPa is the bulk
modulus of elasticity for water,
what pressure is required to
reduce a volume by 0.6 percent?
partially filled with a liquid
at 15 atm. The volume of the
liquid is 1.23200 L. At a
pressure of 30 atm, the volume
of the liquid is 1.23100 L. Find
the average bulk modulus of
elasticity of the liquid over
the given range of pressure if
the temperature after
compression is allowed to return
to its initial value. What is
the coefficient of
compressibility (fJ)?
1.31 A heavy tank contains oil
(A) and water (B) subject to
variable air pressure; the
dimensions shown in Fig. 1-2
correspond to 1 atm. If air is
slowly added from a pump to
bring pressure p up to 1 MPa
gage, what will be the total
downward movement of the free
surface of oil and air? Take
average values of bulk moduli of
elasticity of the liquids as
2050MPa for oil and 2075 MPa for
water. Assume the container does
not change volume. Neglect
hydrostatic pressures.
000 psia at 68 °F. Determine the
percentage decrease in specific
volume if the average bulk
modulus of elasticity is 365 000
psi.
1.34 At a depth of 7 km in the
ocean, the pressure is 71.6 MPa.
Assume a specific weight at the
surface of 10.05 kN/m 3 and an
average bulk modulus of
elasticity of 2.34 GPa for that
pressure range. Find (a) the
change in specific volume
between the surface and 7 km;
(b) the specific volume at 7 km;
(c) the specific weight at 7 km.

1.32 A thin-walled spherical 1.35 Approximately what pressure

tank isfilled with water at a must be applied to water at 60
pressure of 4666 psig; the °F to reduce its volume 2.5
tank's volume isthen 805.407 in3 percent?
If the water is released from
the tank, how many pounds will
be collected at atmospheric
pressure? 805.4069 in3.

1.36 A gas at 20 °C and 0.21 MPa

1.33 Water in a hydraulic press, abs has a volume of 41 Land a
initially at 20 psia, gas constant (R) of 210 m •
issubjected to a pressure of 17
N/(kg • K). Determine the
density and mass of the gas.

1.37 What is the specific weight

of air at 70 psia and 70 °F? 1.40 One kilogram of hydrogen is
confined in a volume of 200 L at
-45 °C. What is the pressure if
R is 4.115 kJ/kg · K?

1.38 Calculate the density of

water vapor at 350 kPa abs and 1.41 What is the specific weight
20°C if its gas constant (R) is of air at a temperature of 30 °C
0.462 kPa ·m3/kg ·K. and a pressure of 470 kPa abs?

1.39 Nitrogen gas(molecular 1.42 Find the mass density of

weight 28) occupies a volume of helium at a temperature of
4.0 ft3 at 2500 lb/ft2 abs and 39"Fand a pressure of 26.9 psig,
750°R. What are its specific if atmospheric pressure is
volume and specific weight? 14.9psia
 1.45 Calculate the specific
weight and density of methane at
100°F and 120 psia.

1.43 The temperature and

pressure of nitrogen in a tank
are 28 °C and 600 kPa abs,
respectively. Determine the
specific weight of the nitrogen.
1.46 At 90°F and 30.0 psia, the
specific weight of a certain gas
was 0.0877 lb/ft3 Determine the
gas constant and density of this
gas.

1.44 The temperature and

pressure of oxygen in a
container are 60°F and 20.0 1.47 A cylinder contains 12.5ft3
psig, respectively. Determine of air at 120°F and 40 psia. The
the oxygen's mass density if air is then compressed to 2.50
atmospheric pressure is 14.7 ft3 (a) Assuming isothermal
psia. conditions, what are the
pressure at the new volume and
the buik modulus of elasticity?
(b)Assuming adiabatic condition,
what are the final pressure and
temperature and the bulk modulus
of elasticity?
1.48 Air is kept at a pressure
of 200 kPa and a temperature of
30°C in a 500-L container. What
is the 1.51 In a piston-and-cylinder
mass of the air? apparatus the initial volume of
air is 90L at a pressure of 130
kPa and temperature of 26 °C. If
the pressure is doubled while
the volume is decreased to 56 L,
compute the final temperature
and density of the air.
1.52 For 2lbmol of air with a
1.49 An ideal gas has its molecular weight of 29, a
pressure doubled and its temperature of 90°P, and a
specific volume decreased by pressure of 2.5atm, what isthe
two-thirds. If the initial volume?
temperature is 80°F, what is the
final temperature?

1.53 If nitrogen has a molecular

weight of 28, what is its
1.50 The tank of a leaky air density according to the perfect
compressor originally holds 90L gas law when p = 0.290 MPa and T
of air at 33°C and 225 kPa. =30°C?
During a compression process, 4
grams of air is lost; the
remaining air occupies 42 L at
550 kPa. What is the temperature
of the remaining air?
1.54 If a gas occupies 1 m3 at 1 1.57 If methane gas has a
atm pressure, what pressure is specific gravity of 0.55
required to reduce the volume of relative to air at 14.7 psia and
the gas by 2 percent under 68°P, what are its specific
isothermal conditions if the weightand specific volume at
fluid is (a) air, (b) argon, and that same pressure and
(c) hydrogen? temperature? What is the value
of R for the gas?

1.58 A gas at 40°C under a

1.55 (a) Calculate the density, pressure of 21.868 bar abs has a
specific weight, and specific unit weight of 362N/m3. What
volume of oxygen at 100°F and 15 ithe value of R for this gas?
psia. (b) What would be the What gas might this be?
temperature and pressure of this
gas if it were compressed is
entropically to 40 percent of
its original volume? (c) If the
process described in (b) had
been isothermal, what would the
temperature and pressure have
been?

1.59 If water vapor (R = 85.7

ft/°R) in the atmosphere has a
partial pressure of 0.60 psia
1.56 Calculate the density, and the temperature is 80°F,
specific weight, and volume of what is its specific weight?
chloride gas at 25 °C and
pressure of 600 000 N/m2 abs.
1.60 Refer to Prob. 1.59. If the
barometer reads 14.60 psia,
calculate the partial pressure
of the air, its specific weight, 1.63 (a) If 9 ft3 of an ideal
and the specific weight of the gas at 75 °F and 22 psia is
atmosphere (air plus water compressed isothermally to 2
vapor) ft3, what is the resulting
pressure?What would the pressure
and temperature have been if the
process had been isentropic?

1.61 (a) Calculate the 1.64 (a) If 12 m3 of nitrogen at

density,specific weight, and
specific volume of oxygen at
20°C and 40kPa abs. (b) If the
oxygen is enclosed in a rigid
container, what will be the
pressure if the temperature is
reduced to -100°C?
30 °C and 125 kPa abs is
permitted to expand isothermally
to 30 m3, what is the resulting
pressure? (b) What would the
pressure and temperature have
been if the process had been
isentropic?

1.62 Helium at 149kPa abs and 1.65 If the viscosity of water

10°C is isentropically at 68°Fis 0.01008 poise, compute
compressed to one-fourth of its its absolute viscosity (µ) in
original volume. What is its pound-seconds per square foot.
final pressure? If the specific gravity at 68
°Fis 0.998, compute its
kinematic viscosity (v) in
square feet per second.
 1 lb • s/ft2 = 478.8 poises
(from Prob. 1.65)

1.66 Convert 15.14 poises to

kinematic viscosity in square
feet per second if the liquid
has a specific gravity of 0.964.
1.67 A square block weighing 1.1 kN and 250mm on an edge slides down
an incline on a film of oil 6.0 µm thick (see Fig. 1-6). Assuming a
linear velocity profile in the oil, what is the terminal speed of the
block? The viscosity of the oil is 7 mPa ·s.

1.68 A piston of weight 21lb slidesin a lubricated pipe, asshown in

Fig. 1-7. The clearance between piston and pipe is 0.001 in. If the
piston decelerates at 2.1 ft/s2 when the speed is 21 ft/s, what is the
viscosity of theoil? Fig. 1-7

1.69 A piston is moving through a cylinder at a speed of 19ft/s,

asshown in Fi