Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
ControlBlock
Configuration
Manual
Sept 1999
U.S. Manual PN: 1984-2646-2100
A-4 Size Manual PN: 1984-2646-2111
1984-2646-5007
1984-2646-5017
EFisher-Rosemount Systems, Inc., 1987--1999.
All rights reserved.
Printed in the U.S.A.
Components of the RS3 distributed process control system may be protected by U.S. patent Nos. 4,243,931; 4,370,257; 4,581,734. Other
Patents Pending.
RS3 is a mark of one or more of the Fisher-Rosemount group of companies. All other marks are property of their respective owners. The
contents of this publication are presented for informational purposes only, and while every effort has been made to ensure their accuracy,
they are not to be construed as warranties or guarantees, express or implied, regarding the products or services described herein or their
use or applicability. We reserve the right to modify or improve the designs or specifications of such products without notice.
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RS3t
ControlBlock Configuration Manual
References to other RS3 user manuals list the manual, chapter, and
sometimes the section as shown below.
Sample Entries:
For ..., see CC: 3. For ..., see CC: 1-1.
Reference Documents
Prerequisite Documents
Related Documents
System Overview Manual and Glossary 1984-2640-21x0
Software Release Notes, Performance Series 1 1984-2818-0110
Software Loading and Upgrade Procedure,
Including Batch 1984-2818-0210
You may find the following documents helpful when using this manual:
ABC Batch Quick Reference Guide 1984-2818-1103
ABC Batch Software Manual 1984-2654-21x0
Alarm Messages Manual 1984-2657-19x1
Configuration Quick Reference Guide 1984-2812-0808
Console Configuration Manual 1984-2643-21x0
ControlBlock Configuration Manual 1984-2646-21x0
Disk and Tape Functions Manual 1984-2644-21x0
I/O Block Configuration Manual 1984-2645-21x0
Operator’s Guide 1984-2647-19x1
PeerWay Interfaces Manual 1984-2650-21x0
Rosemount Basic Language Manual 1984-2653-21x0
RNI Programmer’s Reference Manual 1984-3356-02x1
RNI Release Notes and Installation Guide 1984-3357-02x1
Service Manual, Volume 1 1984-2648-21x0
Service Manual, Volume 2 1984-2648-31x0
Site Preparation and Installation Manual 1984-2642-21x0
Software Discrepancies for Performance Series 1 1984-2818-0311
User Manual Master Index 1984-2641-21x0
RS3t
ControlBlock Configuration Manual
Chapter 1:
Introduction to ControlBlocks
List of Figures
Figure Page
1.1.1 Role of a ControlBlock in a Typical Control Loop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1-2
1.1.2 Flow of Values Through a Typical Control Loop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1-3
1.1.3 ControlBlock Addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1-4
1.1.4 Unconfigured ControlBlock Continuous Faceplate Screen . . . . . . . . . . 1-1-6
1.1.5 Moving Within a ControlBlock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1-9
1.1.6 Moving Between ControlBlocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1-11
1.1.7 Example of Access Arrows on a ControlBlock Configuration
Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1-13
1.2.1 ControlBlock Functional Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2-2
1.2.2 ControlBlock Discrete Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2-3
1.2.3 ControlBlock Discrete Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2-4
1.2.4 ControlBlock Continuous Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2-5
1.2.5 ControlBlock Continuous Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2-6
1.3.1 Block Directory Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3-2
1.3.2 Block Status Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3-4
List of Tables
Table Page
1.1.1 ControlBlock Major Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1-5
1.1.2 ControlBlock Configuration Screens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1-8
1.1.3 Access Arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1-12
1.3.1 Block Directory Screen Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3-3
1.3.2 Block Status Screen Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3-5
Section 1:
What is a ControlBlock?
The RS3 uses three types of blocks: input blocks, output blocks, and
ControlBlocks. ControlBlocks are computational blocks where
calculations and logic functions are performed. ControlBlocks can
perform continuous (analog) or discrete functions depending on the
type of ControlBlock function that you select. ControlBlocks can contain:
D Up to 15 continuous inputs and 15 discrete inputs per block
D One continuous output and 16 discrete outputs per block
All analog and discrete outputs receive their commands from some type
of ControlBlock. ControlBlocks are linked to other ControlBlocks or
input/output (I/O) blocks so that data can be transmitted between
blocks.
Blocks that are transmitting data between one another are considered
to be linked together. Continuous and discrete inputs from other blocks
can be brought into the ControlBlock for use in the ControlBlock
calculations. Once the ControlBlock completes the calculations, the
resulting outputs can be sent to other ControlBlocks or I/O blocks. For
information about what block links are and how block links are
configured, see Chapter 3.
ControlBlocks receive field inputs from input blocks. After performing its
configured function, the ControlBlock sends its output to output blocks
for communication to Field Interface Cards.
Field Field
Device Controller Processor Device
Operator Entry
Figure 1.1.2 shows how values are transmitted through a control loop,
beginning with a 4--20 mA signal that is converted to a 0--1 value for
internal use by the RS3 control system. The RS3 control system uses a
0--1 value to perform all I/O block and ControlBlock functions and
calculations.
ControlBlocks and I/O blocks have both internal and display scaling.
Internal Scaling
Display Scaling
The scaling value that is displayed to the user is called a display scaling
value. This value corresponds to the internal scaling value and is in
terms of the plant units. You configure the display scaling value as
desired. Configure the display scaling value for ControlBlock continuous
variables A through O and Q on the Continuous Links screen, using the
“Eng Zero” and “Eng Max” fields. ControlBlock inputs use the same
display scaling as the input block to which it is linked unless you
configure the scaling information differently. Each ControlBlock input
can have a different display scaling, if desired.
Field Field
Device Device
ControlBlock Addresses
=16A --12
Dash
(Differentiates the ControlBlock from an I/O Block)
ControlBlock Functions
Function
Mnemonic Description of the Function
Category
Continuous MAN Manual (User-defined)
Functions P Proportional-only control
I Integral-only control
D Derivative-only control
PI Proportional and Integral control
ID Integral and Derivative control
PD Proportional and Derivative control
PID Proportional, Integral, and Derivative control
IB Integral-only control with Bias
LL Lead/Lag
DT Dead Time
TOT Stack Totalizer
TOTSP Setpoint Totalizer
RB Ratio/Bias
SS Signal Selector
VLIM Velocity Limiter
POLY 7th Order Polynomial
PLI Piecewise Linear Interpolator
MATH User-defined
ATPID Autotuning (ATP, ATPI, and ATPD do not function)
Discrete DISC Discrete (User-defined)
Functions DMC Motor Control
DASMC Auto Sequence Motor Control
DDSMC Dual Speed Motor Control
DDDMC Dual Direction Motor Control
DVC Valve Control
DASVC Auto Sequence Valve Control
DMVC Motorized Valve Control
RBL *Rosemount Basic Language Control
* Requires an RBL image
CONFIG 1
Generally, you will use some or all of the different configuration screens
when configuring a ControlBlock function. In most cases, the screen
you use depends on whether the function is continuous or discrete.
Table 1.1.2 lists the screens that are used to configure a ControlBlock.
For a complete
ControlBlock Screen Used to configure ...
description, see ...
The block major function, the continuous faceplate, the
Continuous Faceplate operator entry limits, and other information of a Chapter 2
ControlBlock.
Discrete Faceplate The discrete faceplate of a ControlBlock. Chapter 5
Continuous Links The continuous input links of the ControlBlock. Chapter 3
Discrete Links The discrete input links of the ControlBlock. Chapter 3
The continuous input alarm limits, plant units, and other
Continuous Diagram Chapter 4
information of a ControlBlock.
Discrete Diagram The ControlBlock logic steps of a ControlBlock. Chapter 6
Provides a list of destination blocks that request values
Block References Chapter 3
from the ControlBlock.
CB CONTINUOUS CB DISCRETE
FACEPLATE [ EXCH ] FACEPLATE
CB CONTINUOUS
LINKS
A to G [ EXCH]
[ PAGE ] [ PAGE ]
CB CONTINUOUS CB DISCRETE
DIAGRAM DIAGRAM
A a
[ EXCH ]
BLOCK REFERENCES
[ PAGE ] =
[PAGE AHEAD]
and
[PAGE BACK]
You can use the ControlBlock configuration screens to move from one
ControlBlock to another and to access data for those ControlBlocks.
Figure 1.1.6 shows how to use ControlBlock screens to move between
ControlBlocks.
Continuous
Diagram A
Discrete
Diagram a
Fields that are lacking an arrow are for display only and cannot be
manipulated. Many fields, however, allow user access only when a
ControlBlock is in a particular mode, such as Manual.
Section 2:
Types of ControlBlock Inputs and Outputs
ControlBlock
15 discrete inputs @a a 16 discrete outputs
@b b (logic steps)
@c c
@d d
@e e
@f f
@g g
@h h
@i i
@j j
@k k
@l l
@m m
@n n
@o o
p
15 continuous inputs A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H Q 1 continuous output
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
ControlBlock
15 discrete inputs
@a
@b
@c
CB DISCRETE LINKS @d
@e
INPUT SOURCE INPUT SOURCE
@f
@a @i
@b @j @g
@c @k @h
@i
@h @o @j
@k
@l
@m
@n
@o
ControlBlock
CB DISCRETE DIAGRAM
16 discrete outputs
(logic steps) Step Þ p
a
b
c CB DISCRETE DIAGRAM
d Step Þ d
CB DISCRETE DIAGRAM
e
f Step Þ c
CB DISCRETE DIAGRAM
g Step Þ b
h CB DISCRETE DIAGRAM
i Step Þ a
j
k
l
m
n
o
p
ControlBlock
15 continuous inputs
CB CONTINUOUS LINKS
INPUT SOURCE Zero Max A
H B
C
I CB CONTINUOUS LINKS
D
J INPUT SOURCE Zero Max E
. A F
O B G
H
C I
J
G K
L
M
N
O
ControlBlock
1 continuous output
Q
CB CONTINUOUS DIAGRAM
Q ALARMS:
Dev Adv
Dev Crit
Section 3:
Block Directory and Block Status Screens
This section describes the Block Directory screen and the Block Status
screen, which provide information about configured ControlBlocks and
I/O blocks.
Field Description
Indicates whether the block is currently in alarm. Not all block alarms trigger an
Alarm
indication.
Block Address of the block.
Mode Current block mode.
Plant Unit User-defined group to which the block is assigned.
Amount of static and dynamic space used by the block and the total amount of
Size
space the block uses. This information is displayed for a configuror only.
For ControlBlocks only, this field displays any steps that are currently in manual
Steps in Manual
mode.
Tag User-defined block tag.
Type Type of block. For ControlBlocks, identifies the ControlBlock function.
The Block Status screen displays the configured ControlBlocks and I/O
blocks that are in modes other than Auto or that are in alarm. This
screen is for display only; you cannot make entries from it.
- To call up the Block Status screen, type:
CBS [ENTER]
The Block Status screen for Controller Processor A is displayed first. I/O
blocks are listed first, followed by ControlBlocks. Press [PAGE AHEAD]
to see other blocks in that Controller Processor, and then press [PAGE
AHEAD] to see the blocks for the next Controller Processor. Press
[EXCH] to call up the Block Directory for the Controller Processor.
Field Description
Indicates whether the block is currently in alarm. Not all block alarms trigger an
Alarm
indication.
Block Address of the block.
Mode Current block mode.
Plant Unit User-defined group to which the block is assigned.
Amount of static and dynamic space used by the block and the total amount of
Size
space the block uses. This information is displayed for a configuror only.
Steps in Manual For ControlBlocks only, displays any steps that are currently in manual mode.
Tag User-defined block tag.
Type Type of block. For ControlBlocks, identifies the ControlBlock function.
Section 4:
Hints for Configuring ControlBlocks
This section discusses some of the problems that you may encounter
when configuring ControlBlocks and some possible ways to deal with
them. This section also provides tips that are helpful when configuring
ControlBlocks.
Configuration Problems
Configuration Tips
Chapter 2:
Configuring ControlBlock Functions
List of Figures
Figure Page
2.1.1 Continuous Faceplate Screen Among ControlBlock Screens . . . . . . . . 2-1-2
2.1.2 Calling Up a ControlBlock Continuous Faceplate Screen . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1-4
2.1.3 Continuous Faceplate Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1-6
2.1.4 Configuring Operator--enterable Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1-8
2.1.5 Continuous Faceplate Screen Common Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1-10
2.2.1 Typical PID Control Loop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-1
2.2.2 Position Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-2
2.2.3 Typical Feedforward Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-10
2.2.4 Continuous Faceplate Screen—Combinations of P, I, and D
Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-13
2.2.5 Continuous Links Screen—PID Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-14
2.2.6 Continuous Faceplate Screen—“FF Gain” Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-17
2.2.7 Continuous Links Screen—Example of Feedforward Control . . . . . . . . 2-2-18
2.2.8 Continuous Faceplate Screen—“LS--PV Track” Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-19
2.2.9 Feedback Control Loop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-20
2.2.10 Hold Forward in an Open Loop Situation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-22
2.2.11 “Hold” Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-22
2.2.12 Tracking in an Open Loop Situation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-24
2.2.13 Typical Cascade Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-25
2.2.14 Cascade Secondary Block with Local Setpoint Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-25
2.2.15 Tracking Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-26
2.2.16 Tracking Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-27
2.2.17 Cascade Control Tracking Block Diagram—Secondary in Auto . . . . . . 2-2-28
2.2.18 Cascade Control Tracking Block Diagram----Secondary in Auto . . . . . . 2-2-29
2.2.19 Cascade Control Tracking—Secondary in Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-30
2.2.20 Cascade Control Tracking Faceplate Indicators—Secondary in
Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-31
2.2.21 Cascade Control Tracking Faceplate Indicators—Secondary
Output Constrained . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-32
2.2.22 Functional Diagram of PID Controller with Ratio Option . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-33
2.2.23 Continuous Faceplate Screen—Ratio Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-34
2.2.24 Continuous Links Screen—Ratio Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-35
2.2.25 Continuous Faceplate Screen—Bias Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-36
2.4.15 Example of a Discrete Dual Speed Motor Controller Control Loop . . . 2-4-23
2.4.16 Discrete Faceplate for a DDSMC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-24
2.4.17 Default Continuous Faceplate Screen—DDSMC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-25
2.4.18 Default Continuous Links Screens—DDSMC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-27
2.4.19 Default Discrete Links Screen—DDSMC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-28
2.4.20 Default Discrete Faceplate Screen—DDSMC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-28
2.4.21 Example of a Discrete Dual Direction Motor Controller Control Loop . 2-4-31
2.4.22 Discrete Faceplate for a DDDMC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-32
2.4.23 Default Continuous Faceplate Screen—DDDMC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-33
2.4.24 Default Continuous Links Screens—DDDMC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-35
2.4.25 Default Discrete Links Screen—DDDMC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-36
2.4.26 Default Discrete Faceplate Screen—DDDMC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-36
2.4.27 Example of a Discrete Valve Controller Control Loop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-42
2.4.28 Discrete Faceplate for a DVC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-43
2.4.29 Default Continuous Faceplate Screen—DVC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-44
2.4.30 Default Continuous Links Screens—DVC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-46
2.4.31 Default Discrete Links Screen—DVC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-47
2.4.32 Default Discrete Faceplate Screen—DVC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-47
2.4.33 Example of a Discrete Auto Sequence Valve Controller Control Loop 2-4-50
2.4.34 Discrete Faceplate for a DASVC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-51
2.4.35 Default Continuous Faceplate Screen—DASVC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-52
2.4.36 Default Continuous Links Screens—DASVC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-54
2.4.37 Default Discrete Links Screen—DASVC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-55
2.4.38 Default Discrete Faceplate Screen—DASVC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-55
2.4.39 Example of a Discrete Motorized Valve Controller Control Loop . . . . . 2-4-58
2.4.40 Discrete Faceplate for a DMVC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-60
2.4.41 Default Continuous Faceplate Screen—DMVC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-61
2.4.42 Default Continuous Links Screens—DMVC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-63
2.4.43 Default Discrete Links Screen—DMVC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-64
2.4.44 Default Discrete Faceplate Screen—DMVC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-65
List of Tables
Table Page
2.1.1 Continuous Faceplate Configuration Line Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1-7
2.1.2 Control Block Modes and Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1-9
2.1.3 Continuous Faceplate Screen Common Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1-11
2.2.1 Summary of Default PID Control Algorithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-3
2.2.2 PID Algorithm Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-3
2.2.3 Proportional Term Algorithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-5
2.2.4 Derivative Term Algorithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-8
2.2.5 P, I, and D Configuration Fields on Continuous Faceplate Screen . . . 2-2-15
2.2.6 ControlBlock/AOB Tracking Situations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-24
2.2.7 Ratio Option Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-35
2.2.8 Bias Option Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-37
2.2.9 Gap Option Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-40
2.2.10 Deadband Option Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-41
2.3.1 ControlBlock Continuous Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3-1
2.3.2 Dead Time Function Continuous Faceplate Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3-5
2.3.3 Lead/Lag Function Continuous Faceplate Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3-15
2.3.4 Math Function Continuous Faceplate Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3-18
2.3.5 Piecewise LInear Interpolator Function Continuous Faceplate
Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3-31
2.3.6 Polynomial Function Continuous Faceplate Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3-35
2.3.7 Ratio/Bias Function Continuous Faceplate Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3-40
2.3.8 Ratio Term Continuous Faceplate Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3-41
2.3.9 Bias/Pre-bias Term Comparison . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3-41
2.3.10 Signal Selector Function Continuous Faceplate Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3-44
2.3.11 Setpoint Totalizer Function Continuous Faceplate Fields . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3-49
2.3.12 Stack Totalizer Function Continuous Faceplate Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3-53
2.3.13 Example of Totalizer Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3-55
2.3.14 Maximum Integration Times for Various Input Maximums . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3-56
2.3.15 Velocity Limiter Function Continuous Faceplate Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3-58
2.4.1 Discrete Motor Controllers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-3
2.4.2 Effect of Motor Controller Block Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-5
2.4.3 Required LInks for DMC Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-7
2.4.4 Configuration Options--DMC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-9
Section 1:
Configuring Common Fields on the Continuous
Faceplate
You use the Continuous Faceplate screen to configure the block’s major
function, the continuous faceplate, the output high and low limits, and
other information. The major function of a ControlBlock determines
whether the ControlBlock is to be used to control a process, alter a
signal, or perform a user-defined function. The continuous faceplate
provides a display of up to four continuous values. The output limits
define alarm limits for the continuous output. You can also configure
other information for the ControlBlock depending on its function. The
shaded box in Figure 2.1.1 shows the Continuous Faceplate screen
among the other configuration screens for ControlBlock =1A--4.
RS3: Configuring ControlBlock Functions Configuring Common Fields on the Continuous Faceplate
CB: 2-1-2
ControlBlock =1A--4
CB CONTINUOUS CB DISCRETE
FACEPLATE FACEPLATE
[ EXCH ]
CB CONTINUOUS
LINKS
A to G
[ EXCH ]
CB DISCRETE LINKS
[ PAGE ]
CB CONTINUOUS
LINKS
H to O
[ EXCH ]
[ PAGE ] [ PAGE ]
CB CONTINUOUS CB DISCRETE
DIAGRAM [ EXCH ] DIAGRAM
A a
BLOCK REFERENCES
RS3: Configuring ControlBlock Functions Configuring Common Fields on the Continuous Faceplate
CB: 2-1-3
RS3: Configuring ControlBlock Functions Configuring Common Fields on the Continuous Faceplate
CB: 2-1-4
GROUP DISPLAY
or 1. Press [BLOCK FACEPLATE].
2. Type a tag or address and
GRAPHIC DISPLAY
press [ENTER].
Cursor to a faceplate
and press [SELECT]
[EXCH]
CB DISCRETE
FACEPLATE
RS3: Configuring ControlBlock Functions Configuring Common Fields on the Continuous Faceplate
CB: 2-1-5
RS3: Configuring ControlBlock Functions Configuring Common Fields on the Continuous Faceplate
CB: 2-1-6
75--
50--
25--
0--
32.47
Faceplate scaling:
0 = Eng Zero
100 = Eng Max
OUT GPM
RS3: Configuring ControlBlock Functions Configuring Common Fields on the Continuous Faceplate
CB: 2-1-7
Access Allowable
Field Description
Level Entries
Determines the first input register for the faceplate. The first
First input value shown in the top part of the faceplate is the value of the
Conf NONE, A to O
field first register, and the first bar from the left corresponds to this
register.
Determines the third input register for the faceplate. The third
Third input value shown in the top part of the faceplate is the value of the NONE, A to O
Conf
field third register, and the third bar from the left corresponds to this Default=C
register.
RS3: Configuring ControlBlock Functions Configuring Common Fields on the Continuous Faceplate
CB: 2-1-8
ÞOUTÞAÞBÞCÞD
0--
32.47
OUT
GPM
RS3: Configuring ControlBlock Functions Configuring Common Fields on the Continuous Faceplate
CB: 2-1-9
NOTE: If the “Block Mode” field blinks between the current block mode
and “Standby”, it means that the Controller Processor is in Standby.
ControlBlock Functions
ControlBlock
Modes PID Functions All Other Continuous Functions
RS3: Configuring ControlBlock Functions Configuring Common Fields on the Continuous Faceplate
CB: 2-1-10
RS3: Configuring ControlBlock Functions Configuring Common Fields on the Continuous Faceplate
CB: 2-1-11
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
Maximum 24
Desc Conf Block descriptor you assigned.
alphanumeric characters
None, A to O
High Lim Supr High limit of the output. --999999. to 999999.
Default=100.00
None, A to O
Low Lim Supr Low limit of the output. --999999. to 999999.
Default=.00
RS3: Configuring ControlBlock Functions Configuring Common Fields on the Continuous Faceplate
CB: 2-1-12
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
Up to 16 alphanumeric
characters, at least one of
Tag Conf Block tag you assigned.
which must be an
alphabetical character
RS3: Configuring ControlBlock Functions Configuring Common Fields on the Continuous Faceplate
CB: 2-2-1
Section 2:
Configuring PID Functions
Field Field
Device Device
Flow measurement or
process variable Open/close
valve
Controller Card
Analog Analog
FIC Input Control
Block Output FIC Q
PV Block Block
Operator controls
the setpoint
You can vary the default algorithm by changing the algorithm used to
calculate each term, by selecting a velocity algorithm instead of the
position algorithm, or by configuring ratio, bias, gap, or deadband.
These options are discussed later in this chapter.
PV PVf
FILTER* P
I + + Q
Table 2.2.1 summarizes the default control algorithms for the possible
combinations of PID control. For variations on each algorithm, see the
discussions of each term on the following pages. Table 2.2.2 defines the
terms of the equations.
I Q = I′ + K Ts
Ti
(SP–PV)
D Q=K
Td
Ts
(PVf ′–PV f)
PI Q = [K(SP–PV)] + I′ + K
Ts
Ti
(SP–PV)]
PD Q = [K(SP–PV f)] + [K
Td
Ts
(PVf′–PV f)]
ID Q = [I′ + K
Ts
Ti
T
(SP–PV f)] + [K d (PVf′–PV f)]
Ts
Parameter Description
Q Function output
SP Setpoint
I’ Previous value of I
The following pages give a brief explanation for each term in the PID
algorithm:
D Proportional term
D Integral term
D Derivative term
D Feedforward
The explanations show how each term is calculated, and note other
possible forms of the terms that can be configured. A short discussion
of the velocity algorithm follows the explanations of the terms in the
position algorithm.
Applications
The less common forms and subsets of the PID algorithm, along with
many of the options, are available for those who need tools to solve
unusual control problems and for advanced applications. This manual,
therefore, does not attempt to suggest applications where these
features might be used.
Proportional Term
Table 2.2.3 shows the algorithms you can configure for calculating the
proportional term.
PV P = K ´ PV P = PV
PB
SP P = K ´ SP P = SP
PB
The Error Squared option modifies the algorithm so that the SP--PV
term is replaced by the term |SP--PV| x (SP--PV).
Select the Error Squared option with the “Opt” field on the Continuous
Faceplate screen. The Error Squared option is available in these terms:
D Error Sq
D Gap/Err Sq
D Ratio/Esq
D Ra/Gap/Esq
D Bias/Esq
D Bi/Gap/Esq
D Vel/Esq
D Ve/Gap/Esq
Integral Term
The Error Squared option modifies the algorithm so that the SP--PV
term is replaced by the term |SP--PV| x (SP--PV).
Integral Windup
Derivative Term
CAUTION
Because derivative action can cause large and sudden
changes in the output, it can cause severe problems if
applied or tuned improperly.
Table 2.2.4 shows the algorithms you can configure for calculating the
derivative term.
Entry in
“D Act” D Term Using Gain D Term Using Proportional Band
Field
PV
(default) D=K
Td
Ts
(PVf′ –PVf) D=
Td
Ts
PVf′–PV f
PB
SP D=K
Td
Ts
(SP′–SP) D=
Td
Ts
SP′–SP
PB
ERR D=K
Td
Ts
(SP′–PVf′)–(SP–PV f′) D=
Td
Ts
(SP′–PVf′)–(SP–PV f)
PB
Input Filtering
If you configure a controller combination that uses the D term, then the
process variable is filtered before it is used in the P, I, and D
calculations.
If filtering takes place, replace PV with PVf in the algorithms for the P
and I terms.
Ts
PV f = PVf′ + (PV + PV′–2PV f′)
Ts + 2Tf
where:
Tf = MAX (2Ts , Td / 8)
or
if D only, as entered on Continuous Faceplate screen
PVf’ = Previous value of PVf
PV’ = Previous value of PV
Feedforward
Steam FF
+
Kf ´ FF
Q ControlBlock
P+I+D
+
SP
PV
Inlet Outlet
Flow FT Temp
TT
Transmitter Transmitter
Heat
Exchanger
Velocity Algorithm
∆P = K {(SP–PV)–(SP′–PV′)}
KT s
∆I = (SP–PV)
Ti
KT d
∆D = (PV–2PV′ + PV′′)
Ts
Q = DQ + base
The D input, when used with the velocity algorithm, must represent only
the change in the feedforward value, DFF.
- To calculate DFF in a logic step:
1. Link the feedforward (FF) variable to input F instead of input D.
2. Configure input D as a *VALUE.
3. Configure input G as a *VALUE.
4. Write the following calculations in an unused logic step
D=F--G; G=F
This set of calculations first subtracts the previous FF value G from the
current value F to compute DFF, then stores the current FF value in G
for the next iteration.
Figure 2.2.5 shows the Continuous Links screen for any controller that
uses a combination of P, I, and D control.
For a description of the fields that are common to all continuous function
ControlBlocks, see Section 1.
CB CONTINUOUS FACEPLATE
27-Jul-92 09:52:59
Shed
Tag > Desc > Mode> NONE >OUT>A>B>C>D
SC>N +--------+
Addr =1A-01 Function >PID Controller PI Act>Err D Act>PV PV | .00 |
INPUTS Value Units Tag OUTPUT LS | .00 |
PV >.00 >.00 >Reverse RS | |
LS >.00 Action FF | |
RS 100-+--------+
FF Opt>None + |
75-+ |
Prop Band >100. Integ Time >1. M Deriv Time >0. S + |
50-+ |
FF Gain >0. Filter Time>0. S + |
25-+ |
LS-PV Track>no Track Input>None + |
Setpoint: Output: 0- +------- +
Rate Lim >None Mn Rate Lim >None | .00 |
OUT | |
High Lim >100.00 High Lim >100.00 | |
+--------+
Low Lim >.00 Low Lim >.00
Block Mode> AUTO
FULL CONFIG 1
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
For the definition of filter time, see the discussion of PV, LS, RS, FF, E to O,
Filter Time Supr input filtering in the “Derivative Term” section. 0 S to 999999 H
Appears when you configure derivative control only. Default=0. S
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
Selects input through which backtracking signals are None, PV, LS, RS, FF,
Track Input Conf
sent. E, F
Figure 2.2.6 shows the Continuous Faceplate screen and the “FF Gain”
field. Figure 2.2.7 shows the Continuous Links screen for the
feedforward example.
When you return the controller to AUTO mode, the setpoint stops
tracking the process variable and remains where it was when you
changed modes.
If you have configured logic that acts on the setpoint, be aware that in
case of a conflict, tracking overrides the logic when the block is in
MANUAL or LOCAL mode.
CONTROL SP Automatic
Setpoint
Controller
PV Q
Input
Output
Block
Block
PROCESS
Process Control
Measurement Valve
Device
Process
Dynamics
One way the loop can be opened is for the path of the process
measurement signal to be broken somewhere between the process and
the input to the controller as shown in Figure 2.2.10. The loop can be
broken in the following ways:
D The transmitter or I/O hardware fails and causes an instrument
alarm (number 1 in Figure 2.2.10.). (For more information on
configuring input blocks so that AIB alarms are generated, see
IO: 2.)
D The input block is switched to Manual mode (number 2 in
Figure 2.2.10).
D The link between the input block and the controller fails (number
3 in Figure 2.2.10).
CONTROL SP Automatic
Setpoint
Controller
PV Q
3
2 Input Output
Block Block
PROCESS
Process Control
1 Measurement Valve
Device
Process
Dynamics
A loop can also be opened if the path of the output signal is broken
somewhere between the controller and the process. The loop can be
broken in the following ways:
D The 4--20 mA signal path to the valve is opened and detected by
an AOB feedback check (number 1 in Figure 2.2.12).
D An output block is switched to Manual mode (number 2 in
Figure 2.2.12).
D An FIC fails.
If the error signal (PV--SP) changes while the loop is open, the
controller calculates an output adjustment. However, if the loop is open,
changing the controller output has no effect on the process
measurement. If unconstrained, the controller continues calculating
output changes until a limit is reached.
CONTROL SP Automatic
Setpoint
Controller
PV Q
3
2 Input Output
Block Block
PROCESS
Process Control
1 Measurement Valve
Device
Process
Dynamics
Auto, Remote,
No tracking Tracking occurs Tracking occurs*
or Comp SP
* If the output opens, the value goes bad. The Controller holds at the last good output.
Primary Secondary
ControlBlock ControlBlock
PID Function PID Function
For cascade control, link the primary block output to the secondary
block RS input, as shown in Figure 2.2.14. For cascade control of the
secondary block setpoint, set the primary ControlBlock mode to Auto
and the secondary ControlBlock mode to Remote. These are
considered the normal block modes for cascade control. When the
secondary block is in Remote, the operator cannot adjust either its
setpoint or output. When the secondary block is in Auto, the operator
can adjust the secondary setpoint directly.
Tracking Indicators
PRIMARY
PV 232.45
LS 231.76
OUT Þ11.11
AUTO MODE
The “Track Input” field specifies the input through which a backtracking
signal will be passed. For example, if you specify “Track InputÞRS” in
the secondary control block and link the primary output Q to the RS
input, then the tracking signal from the secondary block is passed back
to the primary output Q.
The “LS--PV Track” field specifies that the LS input follows the PV input.
This field is useful when you put the secondary block in Manual mode,
as described later in this section.
In a typical cascade control loop, the normal mode of the primary block
is Auto and the normal mode of the secondary block is Remote. If you
switch the secondary block to the nonnormal Auto mode, the operator
can adjust the local setpoint. This opens the primary loop, causing its
output to drift. When the secondary block is switched back to Remote,
the process is disturbed by a step change in the secondary setpoint.
Primary Secondary
ControlBlock ControlBlock
Input PV
Block
PV Q
Input Output
LS Block
Block
LS Q RS
Operator
Track InputÞRS
PRIMARY SECONDARY
PV 232.45 PV 11.62
LS 231.76 LS 15.00
RS Þ 15.00
AUTO
AUTO
In a typical cascade control loop, the normal mode of the primary block
is Auto and the normal mode of the secondary block is Remote. If you
switch the secondary block to the nonnormal Manual mode, the
operator can adjust the secondary block output.
Primary Secondary
ControlBlock ControlBlock
PV Q Output
Input LS
Block Block
LS Q RS
Operator
Track InputÞRS
LS--PV
TrackÞYes
PRIMARY SECONDARY
PV 232.45 PV 21.22
LS 231.76 LS Þ21.22
RS Þ21.22
AUTO MANUAL
PRIMARY SECONDARY
PV 232.45 PV 21.22
LS 331.76 LS 21.22
If the secondary block output RS 21.22
reaches a limit, the primary
block output is held at its last
value.
AUTO REMOTE
The PID controller ratio and bias options provide conventional ratio
control. Select these options with the “Opt” field on the Continuous
Faceplate screen. Figure 2.2.22 shows a functional diagram of a PI
controller with the ratio option.
Wild Flow
T
PV
Q
P+I
LS
Flow Controller
Controlled Flow
T
PV
P+I
RS Q
RV
RV x RA +BI = RS
Ratio
Operator
Ratio Flow
Controller
Configuror
Ratio
The ratio option allows the operator to change the ratio term and the
configuror to change the bias term.
Select the ratio option with any of these options in the “Opt” field:
D Ratio
D Ratio/Gap
D Ratio/DdB
D Ratio/Esq
D Ra/Gap/DdB
D Ra/Gap/Esq
Figure 2.2.23. shows the Continuous Faceplate screen after the ratio
option is selected. Table 2.2.7 describes the ratio terms on the screen.
Figure 2.2.24 shows the Continuous Links screen for the ratio option.
- To display the ratio on the conti - To adjust the ratio on the contin
nuous faceplate: uous faceplate:
D Replace the C or D input with E. D Place the cursor above the E in
put and press [SELECT].
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
Maximum rate at which the ratio None, PV, LS, RS, RV, RA, BI,
Ratio:
Supr value can be changed, in G to O
Rate Lim units/second. .0000 to 999999.
Bias
The bias option allows the operator to change the bias term and the
configuror to change the ratio term.
Select the bias option with any of these options in the “Opt” field:
D Bias
D Bias/Gap
D Bias/DdB
D Bias/Esq
D Bi/Gap/DdB
D Bi/Gap/Esq
Figure 2.2.25. shows the Continuous Faceplate screen after the bias
option is selected. Table 2.2.8 describes the bias terms on the screen.
Figure 2.2.26 shows the Continuous Links screen for the bias option.
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
Figure 2.2.27 shows the effect of gap and deadband on the output of a
block. Figure 2.2.28 shows the gap and deadband response to a small
constant error. The Gap and Deadband options minimize these effects.
PV
Setpoint
Algorithm
Output
Gap
Value
PV
Deadband
Setpoint
Algorithm
Output and Q
PV
Setpoint
Gap
Algorithm Value
Output
PV
Deadband
Setpoint
Algorithm
Output and Q
Gap
D The Gap option modifies the algorithm so that the output (Q)
does not change until the required change exceeds the
predetermined gap value.
D The integral term is always operational.
D A new field (“Gap Value”) appears when you select gap, as
shown in Figure 2.2.29. The default gap value is .01 and has the
same units and scaling as the controller output Q (Table 2.2.9).
D This option is available in “Opt” field selections in the terms Gap,
Ratio/Gap, Gap/Err Sq, Gap/DBand, Ra/Gap/DdB, Ra/Gap/Esq,
Bias/Gap, Bi/Gap/DdB, Bi/Gap/Esq, Vel/Gap, Ve/Gap/DdB, and
Ve/Gap/Esq.
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
Deadband
CB CONTINUOUS FACEPLATE
27-May-92 09:52:59
Shed
Tag > Desc > Mode> NONE >OUT>A>B>C>D
SC>N +--------+
Addr =1A-01 Function >PID Controller PI Act>Err D Act>PV PV | .00 |
INPUTS Value Units Tag OUTPUT LS | .00 |
PV >.00 >.00 >Reverse RS | |
LS >.00 Action FF | |
100 +--------+
Opt>Dead Band + |
75 + |
Prop Band >100. Integ Time >1. M Deriv Time >0. S + |
50 + |
FF Gain >0. Err DdBand >.01 + |
25 + |
LS-PV Track>no Track Input>None + |
Setpoint: Output: 0 +--------+
Rate Lim >None Mn Rate Lim >None | .00 |
OUT || |
High Lim >100.00 High Lim >100.00 | |
+--------+
Low Lim >.00 Low Lim >.00
Block Mode> LOCAL
FULL CONFIG 1
Ac-
Field cess Description Allowable Entries
Level
The Tuning Display screen contains a trend display window for trending
up to four faceplate variables. The controllers do not have to be
configured in a trend file to be trended on the Tuning Display. Up to 300
data samples are stored for each trended variable. Up to 50 data
samples can be shown on the trend window for a variable. Faceplate
variables are only trended and stored while the Tuning Display screen is
displayed on the console.
Figure 2.2.32 shows the callouts referenced in this section that describe
the operations that you can perform on the Tuning Display screen.
- To configure a controller:
D Cursor to the > symbol at the top of the screen (callout A) and
type the tag of the controller. A controller must be configured in
this field to be tuned or trended.
- To trend a controller variable:
D Cursor to the desired variable value in the faceplate (callout B)
and press [SELECT].
- To remove a controller variable from the trend display window
but continue trending the variable:
D Cursor to the desired variable value in the faceplate (callout B)
and press [SELECT] or [ENTER].
NOTE: You can use this method to reduce clutter in the trend window.
- To discontinue trending a controller variable:
1. Cursor to the desired variable value in the faceplate (callout B).
2. Press [NEXT OPTION] until the value is white.
3. Move the cursor away from the value.
- To change the color of a controller variable:
1. Cursor to the desired variable value in the faceplate (callout B).
2. Press [NEXT OPTION] until the desired color appears (white
discontinues trending of the variable).
- To change the trend sample frequency:
D Cursor to the “Sample Freq” field (callout C) and enter the
desired value. If you change the “Sample Freq” field, the trend
display and data storage are cleared.
- To use the slidewire:
D Move the cursor into the trend window (callout D), which freezes
the trend display. The time of day and controller variable values
associated with the cursor location are displayed below the trend
window. To view trend data for other times, move the slidewire to
the left or right edge of the trend display and continue rolling the
trackball. To end the slidewire, move the cursor up or down out of
the trend window.
G
A D
B F E C
Adaptive Tuning
Continuous input
Section 3:
Configuring Other ControlBlock Continuous
Functions
Function Page
Description
(Mnemonic) Number
Provides one lead term and two lag terms for modeling process
Lead/Lag (LL) 2-3-10
dynamics.
Provides a manual loading station for operator control of valves and other
Manual (MAN) devices or provides a place where the configuror needs access to logic 2-3-16
steps and is not concerned with the major function of the ControlBlock.
Piecewise
Linear
Approximates a curve with a series of straight line segments. 2-3-29
Interpolator
(PLI)
Polynomial
Approximates a curve with a polynomial equation. 2-3-34
(POLY)
Signal Selector Acts as a general purpose selector that can function in the input or the
2-3-43
(SS) output side of a loop.
Totalizer
Setpoint Acts as an integrator with an output that rolls over and resets to zero
2-3-47
when the output reaches a high limit.
(TOTSP)
Acts as an integrator with an output that resets to zero when the output
Totalizer (TOT) 2-3-51
reaches a high limit or a reset indication, and saves the last three totals.
Velocity Limiter
Provides an output that is a rate-limited function of the input. 2-3-57
(VLIM)
The Dead Time function provides a configurable delay period. Use this
function primarily in feedforward or ratio loops to model the dead time in
the process. Figure 2.3.1 shows the Dead Time functional diagram.
Dead time is implemented with a stack of memory slots. Each time the
function is evaluated, an input value is placed into slot 0. The value that
was in slot 0 is moved into slot 1, the value from slot 1 is moved into slot
2, and so on. Input B is used to determine which slot is used for the
block output. The combination of the sample time and the input B value
determines the dead time. The Dead Time function interpolates
between sample times to produce a smooth transition from one sample
time to the next.
Input data A
Slot 0
Slot 1
Slot 2
Determines
which slot to
pick
B Add Q
Slot n A x KA
C x KC
Slot 60
Modification
data C
Two special logic functions exist for the Dead Time ControlBlock.
D The fill function invalidates any numbers currently in the Dead
Time stack and sets the hold forward flag. This allows the Dead
Time stack to be able to fill with numbers (this can be a
combination of valid and invalid numbers). To configure the fill
function, use the format “fill”.
D The vfill function fills the dead time stack with a user-specified
value. To configure the vfill function, use the format “vfill XX”,
where xx is a value or a register.
Configure these functions in the Actions part of a logic step. For more
information about logic steps, see Chapter 6.
Figure 2.3.2 shows the dead time delay effect. Figure 2.3.3 shows the
Dead Time function Continuous Faceplate screen. Table 2.3.2 describes
the fields related to the Dead Time function on the Continuous
Faceplate screen. Figure 2.3.4 shows the Dead Time Continuous Links
screen. For a description of the fields that are common to all continuous
ControlBlocks, see Section 1.
Input 100%
0%
Time
Output 100%
0%
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
A to O,
Gain on input A. The term A (KA) is determined --999999. to 999999.
Gain KA Conf
after the dead time delay period.
Default=0.
A to O,
Gain on input C. The term C (KC) is added to the
Gain KC Conf --999999. to 999999.
A (KA) term to determine the block output.
Default=0.
The Dead Time function includes two plots of the Dead Time block
Input-A. Pressing [PAGE AHEAD] from the Dead Time function
Continuous Faceplate screen calls up the first Input-A Time Plot screen,
as shown in Figure 2.3.5. Pressing [PAGE AHEAD] again shows the
second Input-A Time Plot screen. Both screens show the value of
Input-A over time. The first screen shows values as solid bars. The
second screen shows values as a solid line.
75- -75
50- -50
25- -25
0- -0
CONFIG 2
Figure 2.3.6 shows an example of the use of the Dead Time function.
Product feeds into a ball mill on a conveyor. Water is added to the
product through a valve. A flow ratio controller determines the amount
of water to add, depending on the value received from the weight
transmitter. There is a delay of 40 seconds from the time that product is
at the weight transmitter until it reaches the ball mill.
If the Dead Time block sample time is slower than the Controller cycle
time, the Dead Time block output changes at each Controller cycle as it
interpolates between samples.
Flow
Transmitter
Water
40 seconds
Ball Mill
Weight
Transmitter
Figure 2.3.7 shows the same ball mill example, but with a
variable-speed conveyor. A tachometer signal is sent to an unused input
register in the Dead Time block. The Dead Time block calculates the
proper value for the B input to provide the proper delay of the weight
transmitter signal. The variation in delay is not continuous, but
increases in increments of one sample time.
Flow
Transmitter
Water
Variable Time
Ball Mill
Weight
Transmitter
The Lead/Lag (LL) function provides one lead term and two lag terms
for modeling process dynamics. Use this function primarily for
feedforward control and other process modeling applications.
Figure 2.3.8 shows a typical feedforward application. You can use the
Lead/Lag block to provide the desired loop response for this application.
Figure 2.3.9 shows the Lead/Lag block functional diagram.
PV Q
Lead/Lag
FF ControlBlock
Steam
Kf x FF
PID
algorithm
Outlet
FF TT Temp
Transmitter
Flow
Transmitter Heat
Exchanger
Lead/Lag Function
Figure 2.3.10 through Figure 2.3.12 show the effects of gain, lag, and
lead on the block output (Q).
Q with Gain=1.0
100%
Q with Gain=0.5
Input
0%
100%
Lag 1= VARIOUS
Lag 2= 0
63.2%
Lead = 0
Gain = 1
0%
Input
Minutes 0 1 3 10
100%
Lag 1= 1
Q with Lead=(0.5) Lag
Lag 2= 0
Lead = VARIOUS
Gain = 1
INPUT 0%
Figure 2.3.13 shows the Continuous Faceplate screen for the Lead/Lag
function. Table 2.3.3 describes the Lead/Lag screen fields on the
Continuous Faceplate. Figure 2.3.14 shows the Lead/Lag Continuous
Links screen. For a description of the fields that are common to all
continuous ControlBlocks, see Section 1.
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
PV, B to O,
Filter Gain KA Conf Gain on input A (PV). --999999. to 999999.
Default=1.
PV, B to O,
Bias Gain KB Conf Gain on input B (Bias). --999999. to 999999.
Default=0.
PV, B to O,
Offset Gain --999999. to 999999.
Conf Gain on input C (offset).
KC
Default=0.
Track Input Conf Selects input to send backtracking signals. None, PV, B, C
PV, B to O,
Lead Time Conf Lead time constant. 0 S to 999999. H
Default=.25 S
PV, B to O,
Lag Time 1 Conf First-order lag time constant. --999999. S to 999999. H
Default=.25 S
PV, B to O,
Lag Time 2 Conf Second-order lag time constant. --999999. S to 999999. H
Default=0. S
A ControlBlock configured with the Manual function has the block output
(Q) determined by the operator. The Manual function is intended for two
primary uses:
D As a manual loading station for operator control of valves, speed
controls, and other devices.
D As a place for the configuror to get access to logic steps when he
or she is not concerned with the major function of the
ControlBlock.
Measurement or
process variable Open/close
(not required) valve
CONTROLLER CARD
Analog A Q Analog
FIC Input Control Output FIC
Block
Block Block
Operator controls
the output
Ac-
Field cess Description Allowable Entries
Level
Equations
E=A+B;F=2*(B+C)
This method overrides tracking and also overrides operator entry when
the block is in Manual mode.
D expression
In this method, do not use the letter Q. This type of equation is
performed only when the Math block is in Auto mode. For
example:
A+B
Any equation of the first type overrides all equations of the second type
in a Math block. To be effective, this expression must be the last
equation written in the block faceplate.
Air Flow
FT--1 TT--1
0 0
0 to 1000 CFM 100 to 300 °F
(at 200 °F) Input B
Corrected Air Flow
MATH
Input A 0 to 1085.7 SCFM
The following equation can be used to calculate corrected air flow in this
example:
= 200 +C459.67
The final step is simply to multiply the volumetric flow (input A) by the
correction factor, as shown on the third equation line in Figure 2.3.19.
The Math block Continuous Links screen for the example is shown in
Figure 2.3.20.
In this example, a Math block is used to sum the values of three flow
transmitters, each with a different range, as shown in Figure 2.3.21.
Since all three inputs are coming from transmitters via Analog Input
Blocks, each of the three measurements is seen by the calculation as
having a range of 0--100Þ. The scaling entered on the Continuous
Links screen affects only how the values are displayed. It has no effect
on calculations made by the block. To add the three flows together, the
calculation must treat a unit of FLOW2 as being 2.5 times as great as a
unit of FLOW1. Likewise a unit of FLOW3 must be given five times the
weight of a unit of FLOW1. One solution is to write a single equation as
follows:
Q = A + 2.5 * B + 5 * C
The maximum for the result of this calculation, when all three flows are
at full scale (100Þ), is:
Q = 100Þ + 2.5*100Þ + 5*100Þ = 850Þ
The output (Q), as defined on the Continuous Links screen, must then
be scaled such that 100Þ is displayed as 850 GPM, as shown in
Figure 2.3.24.
Use the “Max Gain” field or the “Back Calc” field to track values in a
Math block.
Primary
A
Q=A+B+C
Math Block
B
Secondary
“Max Gain” determines the rate of response of the actual tracking value
sent along the Track Input entry to the tracking value (either generated
by Back Calc or received from another block through a forward link).
The larger the Max Gain entry, the slower the response of the tracking
value.
Configure tracking for the example in Figure 2.3.25, using the “Max
Gain“ field on the Continuous Faceplate screen of the Math block. The
change in the tracking value sent through the C input to the primary
block is expressed by the following equation:
(QCALCULATED -- QACTUAL)
DC =
(“MAX GAIN”)
Configure tracking for the example in Figure 2.3.25 using the “Back
Calc” field on the Continuous Faceplate screen of the Math block. The
tracking value is determined by the “Back Calc” field equation.
- To determine the “Back Calc” field equation for the example:
1. Determine the equation that calculates the output. In this
example,
Q=A+B+C
2. Substitute the letter V for Q. The letter V represents the tracking
value sent back along the output Q.
3. Solve the equation for the “Track Input” entry. In this example,
the equation is solved for C.
C=V--(A+B)
4. Enter the right side of the solved equation at the “Back Calc” field
on the Continuous Faceplate screen. In this example,
“Back CalcÞV--(A+B)”.
The “Inverted” field appears.
5. Enter the desired selection to “Inverted” field. Select “Yes” if an
increasing tracking input decreases the output. Select “No” if the
output increases, as it does in this example.
Nonlinear Functions
Figure 2.3.26 shows the Continuous Faceplate screen for the PLI
function. Table 2.3.5 describes the PLI function fields on the Continuous
Faceplate screen. Figure 2.3.27 shows the PLI function Continuous
Links screen. For a description of the fields that are common to all
continuous ControlBlocks, see Section 1.
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
Track Input Conf Selects input to send backtracking signals. None, PV, B, C
L4
L3
L2
L1
L0
A Q
LT PLI
100
LEVEL % VOLUME %
75 0 0
12.5 7.2
25 19.6
VOLUME 50 37.5 34.2
(Q)
50 50
62.5 65.8
25
75 80.4
87.5 92.8
0 100 100
0 25 50 75 100
LEVEL (A)
Figure 2.3.30 shows the Continuous Faceplate screen for the POLY
function. Table 2.3.6 describes the POLY fields on the Continuous
Faceplate screen. Figure 2.3.31 shows the Continuous Links screen for
the POLY function. For a description of the fields that are common to all
continuous ControlBlocks, see Section 1.
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
Track Input Conf Selects input to send backtracking signals. None, PV, B, C
Gain of input C. A to O,
K0 Conf [(K0 * C) is added to the actual POLY --999999. to 999999.
calculation.] Default=0.
A to O,
KN Conf Gain of the (A+B)N term. --999999. to 999999.
Default=0.
L4
L3
L2
L1
L0
A Q PV Q to FIELD
LT POLY PI DEVICE
LS
LEVEL% VOLUME %
75 0 0
12.5 7.2
25 19.6
VOLUME 50 37.5 34.2
(Q)
50 50
62.5 65.8
25
75 80.4
87.5 92.8
0 100 100
0 25 50 75 100
LEVEL
Configuror
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
Track Input Conf Selects input to send backtracking signals. None, PV, RA, BI
You can configure the ratio term on the continuous and discrete
faceplates of the Ratio/Bias function. Table 2.3.8 describes continuous
faceplate configuration for various ranges of ratio values. The
continuous faceplate allows the operator to adjust only one term, ratio
or bias.
You can configure the discrete faceplate to allow the operator to adjust
both the ratio and the bias terms. For information about configuring
discrete faceplates, see Chapter 5.
Range of Ratio
Configuration Comments
Values
Table 2.3.9 compares the characteristics of the bias and pre-bias terms.
Added to output after ratio applied Subtracted from PV before ratio applied
Configuring the Bias Term on Continuous Links and Continuous Faceplate Screens
Since the bias directly affects the output Q, you should scale the bias
term the same as Q. That is, one unit of bias should be the same as
one unit of Q. Figure 2.3.37 shows a sample Continuous Links screen
with the bias term and the output Q having the same scaling values.
The actual working range of the bias term is usually narrow; ±10% is
typical. This narrow range is not represented well on the continuous
faceplate. The “Bias Bar Scaling” fields on the Continuous Faceplate
screen allow you to scale the bias term bar differently from the “Eng
Zero” and “Eng Max” scaling fields on the Continuous Links screen.
Figure 2.3.37 shows an example that uses the “Bias Bar Scaling” fields
to represent the bias term better on a continuous faceplate.
CB CONTINUOUS LINKS
BI .00
The faceplate shows how the bias bar is displayed
on the continuous faceplate when:
· Bias Bar Scaling: ZeroÞ--10.00 Full ScaleÞ10.00
· Bias=0.0
50
Input Data 75 A
75 96
N
Input Data 12 B U
12 M 75
E
Input Data 23 C R
23 I 23
C
Input Data 96 D A
96 L 12
Figure 2.3.39 shows the Continuous Faceplate for the Signal Selector
function. Table 2.3.10 describes the Signal Selector fields on the
Continuous Faceplate. Figure 2.3.40 shows the Signal Selector function
Continuous Links screen. For a description of the fields that are
common to all continuous ControlBlocks, see Section 1.
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
A to O
A value, in percent, that limits the amount of
Trackband Conf .00 to 999999.
windup in deselected controllers.
Default=5.00
High
Signal Selector
Function
PID
Controller Input
A A
PID
Controller Input Output
B Device
B
PID Input
Controller C
C
Totalizer Functions
INPUT DATA
A
LOW
CUTOFF
+
SIGNED
INTEGRATOR Q
GAIN
BAND
--
(input A)(gain K)
new total = previous total +
integration time
D Logic steps o and p are set by the Setpoint Totalizer function and
must be cleared by user logic.
— Logic step o is set when overflow occurs; that is, when the
value of the total exceeds the high output limit. When logic
step o is set, the high limit value is subtracted from the total
value.
— Logic step p is set when underflow occurs; that is, when the
value of the total goes below the low limit.
D The setpoint is not used by the TOTSP function.
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
PV, SP, C to O,
Gain K Supr Gain of input A (PV). --999999 to 999999.
Default=1.
PV, SP, C to O,
Low cutoff value. This must be a positive --999999 to 999999.
Low Cutoff Conf
value for a Band “Cutoff Type”.
Default=.00
100% 100%
PASS PASS I
N
F
10% L
10%
O
IGNORE IGNORE W
0% 0%
IGNORE O
U
--10% T
PASS F
L
O
100% 100% W
Each time the output is reset, its value is placed at the top of a “stack”
consisting of inputs B, C, and D and the stack is shifted down one place.
Figure 2.3.46 shows the Stack Totalizer functional block diagram.
Input Data
A
Signed +
Low
Cutoff
Integrator Q
Gain Band --
B Periodic Reset
The TOT function is similar to the TOTSP function. Logic steps o and p
are set by the Setpoint Totalizer function and must be cleared by user
logic.
D Logic step o is set when overflow occurs; that is, when the value
of the total exceeds the high output limit. When logic step o is
set, the high limit value is subtracted from the total value.
D Logic step p is set when underflow occurs; that is, when the
value of the total goes below the low limit.
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
Integration time is the time that it takes the PV,T1, T2, T3, E to O or
Integ Time Conf output to go from 0% to 100% when the 0.S to 999999.H
input is at 100%. Default=1. M
Value T1
--999999. to 999999.
Value T2 Conf Value of previous totals.
Default=.00
Value T3
* If periodic reset is not desired, a treset logic function can be configured to reset the totalizer. For more
information about the treset function, see Chapter 6: Configuring Logic Steps.
Table 2.3.13 shows some sample values for totalizers. Table 2.3.14
shows the maximum integration times possible for various input
maximum values.
Input Maximum
Resolution Maximum Integration Time
(per minute)
If the deviation between the input and the output exceeds the upper and
lower limits that you configured separately, the rate limit can be
different. Thus the output can move faster (or not at all) if the difference
between input and output is too great.
Rate limits are expressed in engineering units of the input per second
and are accurate regardless of sample time. If the difference between
output and input is less than the rate limit, the output is exactly equal to
the input.
Figure 2.3.49 shows the Continuous Faceplate for the Velocity Limiter
(VLIM) function. Table 2.3.15 describes the Velocity Limiter fields on the
screen. Figure 2.3.50 shows the VLIM function Continuous Links
screen. For a description of the fields that are common to all continuous
ControlBlocks, see Section 1.
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
None, PV, B to O,
Rise Limit Conf Normal rate limit in the increasing direction.
.00 to 999999.
Section 4:
Configuring ControlBlock Discrete Functions
Function Page
Function Name For Use With:
Mnemonic Number
Measurement or
Process Variable Open/Close
(Not Required) Valve
CONTROLLER CARD
Analog A Q Analog
FIC Control FIC
Input Output
Block
Block Block
Operator Controls
the Output
Function
Function Name For Use With:
Mnemonic
You can change any preconfigured information, but you cannot reduce
the number of inputs.
Block responds only to auto commands (Start, Stop, etc.), which are received
Auto
through inputs @d, @e, and @f. Block ignores commands from the keyboard.
Used with the Supervisory Computer Interface (SCI). You must configure the block
shed mode.
Computer Block output value responds to commands from an SCI. If the SCI timer expires
(DDC) before an SCI write occurs, the block responds as the configured shed mode.
No commands are accepted.
NOTE: DDC is not a useful operating mode for a motor controller.
No commands are accepted, but the output state is maintained and alarms and
Local interlocks function as you configured.
NOTE: Local is not a useful operating mode for a motor controller.
Operator Block responds only to keyboard commands (operator-entered), which are received
(or Manual) through inputs @a, @b, and @c. Block ignores auto commands.
Contact
Input Block
(Optional)
Confirm
Off
Link: To:
Source (start) Contact Output Block 1. Start output (step a) of the DMC
Source (stop) Contact Output Block, if used 2. Stop output (step b) of the DMC
@d, if used 5. Automatic start signal (Auto mode only) of the DMC
@e, if used 6. Automatic stop signal (Auto mode only) of the DMC
1 OPERATOR
Manual control 2 > start
3 > stop
4
5 --AUTO--
Automatic control 6 start
7 stop
8
9 ---------
10 on cfrm
Configuration options 11 off cfrm
12 tripped
13
14 -OUTPUT-
Motor response 15 run
16 STOP
17 failed
Figure 2.4.4 shows the default Continuous Faceplate screen for a DMC.
The shaded box in Figure 2.4.4 shows the area where the configuration
options are selected. The Continuous Faceplate screen displays the
DMC timer operation.
Table 2.4.4 lists the DMC options that appear on the Continuous
Faceplate screen. The “Yes” selection implements a desired option. The
“No” selection cancels any undesired option. If a selected entry requires
a timer or counter entry, the entry field appears when you select the
option.
If “Yes”, the motor can start or run even though @k is false. Permits
Ignore Interlock Supr
temporary bypass of @k. Field appears only if “InterlockÞyes”.
If “Yes”, failure of the off confirm while in the off state causes step l to
go on. Step l can be configured to generate an appropriate alarm
MCC Alarm Conf indicating motor control center power failure. (Requires
“Confirm OffÞyes”.)
If “No”, step l stays off.
.
Target ?
.
Value ?
.
Units ?
.
Func ?
Figure 2.4.5 shows the default Continuous Links screens for DMC
continuous inputs.
Figure 2.4.6 shows the default Discrete Links screen for DMC discrete
inputs. Some of the discrete links correspond to a line on the discrete
faceplate, where the status is displayed. Figure 2.4.7 shows the default
Discrete Faceplate screen for a DMC.
Table 2.4.5 provides the discrete input functions and the discrete output
conditions for a DMC. Table 2.4.6 provides the continuous input
functions for a DMC. These tables provide the true state of the DMC
inputs and outputs.
Input Function When Input is True: Output Condition Under Which Output is True:
@c User-configurable c User-configurable
@i User-configurable i User-configurable
OK to run
@k k Locked off, waiting for @l (reset) = true
(Required only if “InterlockÞyes”)
@m User-configurable m User-configurable
@n User-configurable n User-configurable
@o User-configurable o User-configurable
NA NA p User-configurable
Input Function
A User-configurable
B User-configurable
C User-configurable
D User-configurable
E User-configurable
K User-configurable
L User-configurable
M User-configurable
N User-configurable
O User-configurable
This function requires an interlock input from the previous device in the
sequence. Figure 2.4.9 shows the functioning of the interlock signal.
Contact
Input Block Confirm
(Optional) Off
Interlock
Contact ControlBlock Contact Previous
Input Block Previous Output Block Motor
DASMC Start/Stop
in sequence
Confirm
On
Figure 2.4.8. Example of a Discrete Auto Sequence Motor Controller Control Loop
Motor Stops
Link: To:
Source (start) Contact Output Block 1. Start output (step a) of the DASMC
Source (stop) Contact Output Block, if used 2. Stop output (step b) of the DASMC
@d (or configure as a *Toggle or *On function) 5. Automatic enable signal of the DASMC
1 OPERATOR
Manual control 2 > start
3 > stop
4
5 --AUTO--
Automatic control 6 enable
7 interlock
8 stop
9 ---------
10 on cfrm
Configuration options 11 off cfrm
12 tripped
13
14 -OUTPUT-
Motor response 15 run
16 STOP
17 failed
Table 2.4.8 lists the DASMC options that appear on the Continuous
Faceplate screen. The “Yes” selection implements a desired option. The
“No” selection cancels any undesired option. If a selected entry requires
a timer or counter entry, the entry field appears when you select the
option.
If “Yes”, the motor can start or run even though @k is false. Permits
Ignore Interlock Supr
temporary bypass of @k. Field appears only if “InterlockÞyes”.
If “Yes”, failure of the off confirm while in the off state causes step l to
go on. Step l can be configured to generate an appropriate alarm that
MCC Alarm Conf indicates motor control center power failure. (Requires
“Confirm OffÞyes”.)
If “No”, step l stays off.
Figure 2.4.12 shows the default Continuous Links screens for DASMC
continuous inputs.
Figure 2.4.13 shows the default Discrete Links screen for a DASMC.
Some of the discrete links correspond to a line on the discrete
faceplate, where its status is displayed. Figure 2.4.14 shows the default
Discrete Faceplate screen for a DASMC.
Table 2.4.9 provides the discrete input functions and the discrete output
conditions for a DASMC. Table 2.4.10 provides the continuous input
functions for a DASMC. These tables provide the true state of the
DASMC inputs and outputs.
Input Function When Input is True: Output Condition Under Which Output is True:
@c User-configurable c User-configurable
@i User-configurable i User-configurable
@m User-configurable m User-configurable
@n User-configurable n User-configurable
@o User-configurable o User-configurable
NA NA p User-configurable
Input Function
A User-configurable
B User-configurable
C User-configurable
D User-configurable
E User-configurable
K User-configurable
L User-configurable
M User-configurable
N User-configurable
O User-configurable
Contact
Output Block
High
Contact ControlBlock Output
Input Block DDSMC
Confirm High
Contact Two-speed
Stop Output Block Electric
Output Start, stop Motor
timers
Contact
Input Block
Confirm Low
Low
Output Contact
Output Block
Contact
Input Block
Confirm Off
Figure 2.4.15. Example of a Discrete Dual Speed Motor Controller Control Loop
Link: To:
Source (high) Contact Output Block 1. High output (step a) of the DDSMC
Source (off) Contact Output Block 2. Stop output (step b) of the DDSMC
Source (low) Contact Output Block 3. Low output (step c) of the DDSMC
@d and @f, if used 6. Automatic start signal (Auto mode only) of the DDSMC
@e, if used 7. Automatic stop signal (Auto mode only) of the DDSMC
1 OPERATOR
2 high
Manual control 3 >low
4 > stop
5 --AUTO--
Automatic control 6 high
7 low
8 stop
9 ---------
10 hi cfrm
Configuration options 11 low cfrm
12 tripped
13 -OUTPUT-
14 high
Motor response 15 low
16 STOP
17 failed
Table 2.4.12 lists the DDSMC options that appear on the Continuous
Faceplate screen. The “Yes” selection implements a desired option. The
“No” selection cancels any undesired option. If a selected entry requires
a timer or counter entry, the entry field appears when you select the
option.
If “Yes”, the motor can start or run even though @k is false. Permits
Ignore Interlock Supr
temporary bypass of @k. Field appears only if “InterlockÞyes”.
Figure 2.4.19 shows the default Discrete Links screen for DDSMC
discrete inputs. Some of the discrete links correspond to a line on the
discrete faceplate, where the status is displayed. Figure 2.4.20 shows
the default Discrete Faceplate screen.
Table 2.4.13 provides the discrete input functions and the discrete
output conditions for a DDSMC. Table 2.4.14 provides the continuous
input functions for a DDSMC. These tables provide the true state of the
DDSMC inputs and outputs.
Input Function When Input is True: Output Condition Under Which Output is True:
@m User-configurable m User-configurable
@n User-configurable n User-configurable
@o User-configurable o User-configurable
NA NA p User-configurable
Input Function
A User-configurable
B User-configurable
C User-configurable
D User-configurable
E User-configurable
Start timer for low speed. Counts between step c and confirm
H
(@i).
K User-configurable
L User-configurable
M User-configurable
N User-configurable
O User-configurable
Contact
Output Block
Contact
Input Block
Confirm
Reverse
Reverse Contact
output Output Block
Contact
Input Block
(Optional)
Confirm
Stop
Figure 2.4.21. Example of a Discrete Dual Direction Motor Controller Control Loop
Link: To:
Source Contact Output Block 1. Forward output (step a) of the DDDMC
Source Contact Output Block 2. Stop output (step b) of the DDDMC
Source Contact Output Block 3. Reverse output (step c) of the DDDMC
@g (Confirm Forward or cancel Confirm On) 4. Motor controller input from a ControlBlock
@i (Confirm Reverse or cancel Confirm On) 5. Motor controller input from a ControlBlock
@d and @f 6. Automatic start signal (Auto mode only) of the DDDMC
@e 7. Automatic stop signal (Auto mode only) of the DDDMC
@h (Confirm Off input), if used 8. Input from a Contact I/O block
1 OPERATOR
Manual control 2 > forward
3 > stop
4 > reverse
5 --AUTO--
Automatic control 6 forward
7 stop
8 reverse
9 ---------
10 fwd cfrm
Configuration options 11 rev cfrm
12 tripped
13 -OUTPUT-
14 forward
Motor response 15 stop
16 reverse
17 failed
After configuring the required discrete links to make the Dual Direction
Motor Controller operational, you can choose from various options for
the Dual Direction Motor Controller. You select configuration options on
the Continuous Faceplate screen and you can change the
preconfigured and unconfigured options.
Table 2.4.16 lists the Dual Direction Motor Controller options that
appear on the Continuous Faceplate screen. The “Yes” selection
implements a desired option. The “No” selection cancels any undesired
option. If a selected entry requires a timer or counter entry, the entry
field appears when you select the option.
If “Yes”, the motor can start or run even though @k is false. Permits
Ignore Interlock Supr
temporary bypass of @k. Field appears only if “InterlockÞyes”.
Figure 2.4.25 shows the default Discrete Links screen for DDDMC
discrete inputs. Some of the discrete links correspond to a line on the
discrete faceplate, where its status is displayed. Figure 2.4.26 shows
the default Discrete Faceplate screen for a DDDMC.
Table 2.4.17 provides the discrete input functions and the discrete
output conditions for a DDDMC. Table 2.4.18 provides the continuous
input functions for a DDDMC. These tables provide the true state of the
DDDMC inputs and outputs.
Input Function When Input is True: Output Condition Under Which Output is True:
@m User-configurable m User-configurable
@n User-configurable n User-configurable
@o User-configurable o User-configurable
NA NA p User-configurable
Input Function
A User-configurable
B User-configurable
C User-configurable
D User-configurable
E User-configurable
K User-configurable
L User-configurable
M User-configurable
N User-configurable
O User-configurable
Function
Function Name For Use With:
Mnemonic
You can change any preconfigured information, but you cannot reduce
the number of analog inputs.
Block responds only to auto commands (open, close, etc.), which are received
Auto
through inputs @d, @e, and @f. Block ignores commands from the keyboard.
No commands are accepted but the output state is maintained and alarms and
Local interlocks function as configured.
NOTE: Local is not a useful operating mode for a valve controller.
Valve
Contact Contact
Input Block Output Block
Confirm Close
output (Optional)
Open
Link: To:
1 OPERATOR
Manual control 2 > open
3 > close
4
5 --AUTO--
Automatic control 6 open
7 close
8
9 ---------
10 opn cfrm
Configuration options 11 travel
12 cls cfrm
13
14 -OUTPUT-
15 open
Valve response 16 close
17 failed
Table 2.4.22 lists the Valve Controller options that appear on the
Continuous Faceplate screen. The “Yes” selection implements a desired
option. The “No” selection cancels any undesired option. If a selected
entry requires a timer or counter entry, the entry field appears when you
select the option.
If “Yes”, the valve can open or remain open even though @k is false.
Ignore Interlock Supr Permits temporary bypass of @k. Field appears only if “Interlock
Þyes”.
Figure 2.4.30 shows the default Continuous Links screens for DVC
continuous inputs.
Figure 2.4.31 shows the default Discrete Links screen for DVC discrete
inputs. Some of the discrete links correspond to a line on the discrete
faceplate, where the status is displayed. Figure 2.4.32 shows the
default Discrete Faceplate screen for a DVC.
Table 2.4.23 provides the discrete input functions and the discrete
output conditions for a DVC. Table 2.4.24 provides the continuous input
functions for a DVC. These tables provide the true state of the DVC
inputs and outputs.
Input Function When Input is True: Output Condition Under Which Output is True:
@c User-configurable c User-configurable
@i User-configurable i User-configurable
@m User-configurable m User-configurable
@n User-configurable n User-configurable
@o User-configurable o User-configurable
NA NA p User-configurable
Input Function
A User-configurable
B User-configurable
C User-configurable
D User-configurable
E User-configurable
I User-configurable
J User-configurable
K User-configurable
L User-configurable
M User-configurable
N User-configurable
O User-configurable
Contact
Input Block Confirm
Open
ControlBlock
DVC Contact
Output Block
Contact
Input Block
Interlock
ControlBlock Contact
Previous Output Block
DVC or DMC Operate
in sequence
Confirm
Figure 2.4.33. Example of a Discrete Auto Sequence Valve Controller Control Loop
Link: To:
1 OPERATOR
Manual control 2 > open
3 > close
4
5 --AUTO--
6 enable
Automatic control 7 interlok
8 close
9 ----------
10 opn cfrm
Configuration options 11 TRAVEL
12 cls cfrm
13
14 -OUTPUT-
15 open
Valve response 16 CLOSE
17 failed
After configuring the required discrete links to make the Auto Sequence
Valve Controller operational, you can choose from various options for
the DASVC. You select configuration options on the Continuous
Faceplate screen and you can change the preconfigured and
unconfigured options.
Table 2.4.26 lists the DASVC options that appear on the Continuous
Faceplate screen. The “Yes” selection implements a desired option. The
“No” selection cancels any undesired option. If a selected entry requires
a timer or counter entry, the entry field appears when you select the
option.
Figure 2.4.36 shows the default Continuous Links screens for DASVC
continuous inputs.
Figure 2.4.37 shows the default Discrete Links screen for DASVC
discrete inputs. Some of the discrete links correspond to a line on the
discrete faceplate, where its status is displayed. Figure 2.4.38 shows
the default Discrete Faceplate screen for a DASVC. The valve operation
of the DASVC is displayed on the Discrete Faceplate screen.
Table 2.4.27 provides the discrete input functions and the discrete
output conditions for a DASVC. Table 2.4.28 provides the continuous
input functions for a DASVC. These tables provide the true state of the
DASVC inputs and outputs.
Input Function When Input is True: Output Condition Under Which Output is True:
@c User-configurable c User-configurable
@i User-configurable i User-configurable
OK to open after preset time delay if Locked Closed, waiting for @l (reset) =
@k @d is true, and remain open k true
thereafter as long as true
@m User-configurable m User-configurable
@n User-configurable n User-configurable
@o User-configurable o User-configurable
NA NA p User-configurable
Input Function
A User-configurable
B User-configurable
C User-configurable
D User-configurable
E User-configurable
I User-configurable
J User-configurable
K User-configurable
L User-configurable
M User-configurable
N User-configurable
O User-configurable
Motor Valve
Contact
Input Block Contact
Confirm Close Output Block
Close Output
The DMVC maintains either the open or close output contact, based on
either a manual or automatic command, until:
D The related confirm is received,
or
D The related timer times out.
Link: To:
1 OPERATOR
Manual control 2 > open
3 > stop
4 > close
5 --AUTO--
Automatic control 6 open
7 close
8
9 ----------
10 opn cfrm
Configuration options 11 travel
12 cls cfrm
13
14 -OUTPUT-
15 open
Valve response 16 close
17 failed
Table 2.4.30 lists the DMVC options that appear on the Continuous
Faceplate screen. The “Yes” selection implements a desired option. The
“No” selection cancels any undesired option. If a selected entry requires
a timer or counter entry, the entry field appears when you select the
option.
If “Yes”, the motor runs for the close time, then a failed alarm occurs.
Ignore Confirm Close Supr
Field appears only if “Confirm CloseÞyes”.
If “Yes”, the motor runs for the open time, then a failed alarm occurs.
Ignore Confirm Open Supr
Field appears only if “Confirm OpenÞyes”.
Figure 2.4.42 shows the default Continuous Links screens for DMVC
continuous inputs.
Figure 2.4.43 shows the default Discrete Links screen for DMVC
discrete inputs. Some of the discrete links correspond to a line on the
discrete faceplate, where the status is displayed. Figure 2.4.44 shows
the default Discrete Faceplate screen for a DMVC.
NOTE: Because the DMVC turns off the a and b outputs when the
valve is in position or failed, we recommend that you display “Opn Fail”
(g) and “Cls Fail” (h) on the discrete faceplate.
Table 2.4.31 provides the discrete input functions and the discrete
output conditions for a DMVC. Table 2.4.32 provides the continuous
input functions for a DMVC. These tables provide the true state of the
DMVC inputs and outputs.
Input Function When Input is True: Output Condition Under Which Output is True:
@i User-configurable i User-configurable
@m User-configurable m User-configurable
@n User-configurable n User-configurable
@o User-configurable o User-configurable
NA NA p User-configurable
Input Function
A User-configurable
B User-configurable
C User-configurable
D User-configurable
E User-configurable
I User-configurable
J User-configurable
K User-configurable
L User-configurable
M User-configurable
N User-configurable
O User-configurable
Section 5:
Hints for Configuring ControlBlock Functions
This section discusses some of the problems that you may encounter
when configuring ControlBlock functions and some possible ways to
deal with them. This section also provides tips that are helpful when
configuring ControlBlock functions.
Configuration Problems
Configuration Tips
Chapter 3:
Configuring Block Links
List of Figures
Figure Page
3.1.1 Examples of Linked Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1-1
3.1.2 Examples of Block Links Within a Controller Processor Card . . . . . . . 3-1-3
3.1.3 Examples of Block Links Between Controller Processor Cards . . . . . . 3-1-4
3.1.4 Examples of Block Links Between ControlFiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1-5
3.1.5 Examples of Block Links Between PeerWays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1-6
3.2.1 Examples of Linked Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2-1
3.2.2 Continuous Links Screens Among ControlBlock Screens . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2-2
3.2.3 Flowchart of Continuous Links Screens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2-3
3.2.4 Default Continuous Links Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2-5
3.2.5 Continuous Input Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2-8
3.2.6 Example of Control Loop Scaling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2-10
3.2.7 Continuous Links Screen for Various Scaling Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2-12
3.2.8 Continuous Faceplate for Various Scaling Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2-13
3.2.9 Scaling a Typical PID Function ControlBlock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2-15
3.2.10 Using “eu” and “nl” Conversions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2-17
3.2.11 “Conv” Field for Converting Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2-18
3.2.12 “Eng Zero” and “Eng Max” Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2-20
3.2.13 Converted Links Marked on Discrete Diagram Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2-21
3.3.1 Discrete Links Screens Among ControlBlock Screens . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3-2
3.3.2 Flowchart of Discrete Links Screens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3-3
3.3.3 Example of a Discrete Links Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3-4
3.3.4 Discrete Input Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3-6
3.4.1 Example of Links Within a Controller Processor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4-2
3.4.2 Examples of Links Between Controller Processor Cards . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4-4
3.4.3 Examples of Links Between ControlFiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4-6
3.4.4 Examples of Links Within a PeerWay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4-9
3.4.5 Examples of Links Between Controller Processor Cards . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4-11
3.4.6 HIA Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4-12
3.4.7 Viewing the Number of Controller Processor and ControlFile
Available Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4-13
3.4.8 Viewing the ControlFile Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4-20
3.4.9 Block References Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4-21
3.4.10 Example of Reducing Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4-24
List of Tables
Table Page
3.2.1 Continuous Links Screen Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2-6
3.2.2 Continuous Input Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2-8
3.2.3 Example of Control Loop Scaling Relationships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2-11
3.3.1 Discrete Links Screen Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3-5
3.3.2 Discrete Input Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3-7
3.4.1 Links Available for Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4-1
3.4.2 Control File Status Screen Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4-14
3.4.3 Block References Screen Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4-22
Section 1:
Introduction to Links
This section defines a link and describes the types of block links.
What is a Link?
Output Block
Source Block
Destination Block
For more information about the Continuous Links screen, see Section 2.
For more information about the Discrete Links screen, see Section 3.
If the destination block is an output block, configure the link on the I/O
Block Configuration screen. For information about configuring I/O
blocks, see the I/O Block Configuration Manual.
For information about the number of links that can be used, see
Section 4.
ControlBlock ControlBlock
=15A--8 =15A--14
Output Block
=15AC203
Output Block
=15AC303
ControlBlock ControlBlock
=15A--8 =15B--10
Output Block
=15BC203
Output Block
=15BC303
ControlBlock ControlBlock
=15A--12 =17B--12
Output Block
=17BC203
Output Block
=17bC303
ControlBlock ControlBlock
=15A--12 =85B--12
PeerWay 1 PeerWay 3
Output Block
=85BC203
Output Block
=85BC303
PeerWay 1 PeerWay 3
Section 2:
Continuous Links Screen
Use the Continuous Links screen to define the source of the continuous
links to the ControlBlock, the display scaling of the continuous values,
and the output tracking action in the event of a faulty input. The shaded
boxes in Figure 3.2.2 show the Continuous Links screens among the
ControlBlock configuration screens for ControlBlock =1A--4.
Output Block
Source Block
Destination Block
ControlBlock =1A--4
CB CONTINUOUS
LINKS [ EXCH ]
H to O
CB CONTINUOUS
LINKS [ EXCH ]
A to G
[ PAGE ] [ PAGE ]
CB DISCRETE
CB CONTINUOUS [ EXCH ] DIAGRAM
DIAGRAM
A
a
BLOCK REFERENCES
CB CONTINUOUS
LINKS
(next address)
Inputs A to G
[PAGE AHEAD]
CB CONTINUOUS
LINKS
[ EXCH ]
Inputs H to O
CB DISCRETE
[PAGE AHEAD] LINKS
[PAGE BACK]
CB CONTINUOUS
LINKS
Inputs A to G [ EXCH]
[PAGE BACK]
CB CONTINUOUS
LINKS
(previous address)
Inputs A to G
Use the Continuous Links screen to link the source of continuous data
values to the ControlBlock and to assign display scaling and units to
these values. Figure 3.2.4 shows the Continuous Links screen.
Table 3.2.1 describes the fields on the screen.
- To access inputs H through O:
D Press [PAGE AHEAD].
When the link is initially configured, the input is scaled the same as the
source to which the input is linked.
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
LOCAL, MANUAL,
Block AUTO,
Oper Current block mode.
Mode COMPUTER,
REMOTE
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
Maximum 8
Units Conf Engineering units you defined to display the input.
characters
Conf or Max=1000000
Value Current data value stored in the input register.
Oper* Min=--999949
* Conf for *Timer, *Counter, *Value, and *None values. Oper for an *Entry value.
ControlBlock
A--O, Q
ControlBlock
Operator Console
Logic
Address or Tag
Input Block
Example: =2AA101
Address or Tag
Output of another ControlBlock (Q)
Example: =3C--12
Address/Input
Input register value from another ControlBlock (A or Tag/Input
through O)
Example: FIC--100/B
Scaling of Inputs
Types of Scaling
Transmitter Scaling
Internal scaling is fixed in the range from 0--1. This form, also known as
normalized scaling, is used by the RS3 control system to determine
internal block values for performing calculations and functions. For
example, with an Eng Zero of .00 and an Eng Max of 5000.00, the value
2500.00 is stored internally as .5 by the RS3 control system.
Display Scaling
Figure 3.2.6 shows the input scaling for components of a typical control
loop.
LT 0-5000 gal
(0-120 in. H2O)
4--20 mA
signal
4--20 mA
signal
Internal scaling
value is sent
to the FIC
Scaling Sensitivity
A 50.00
Values above the “Eng Max” are
B 75.00 represented by a bar above the 100
C 25.00 height
D 295.00
Eng Max value
100--
75--
0--
32.47 Eng Min value
OUT
Horizontal bar graph
(for Q) is scaled 0--100 Values below the “Eng Zero” are
represented by a bar below the 0
height
If you change the assigned scaling at the destination block, the asterisk
disappears and changes to the source block scaling will not affect the
destination block scaling. To reconfigure the destination block to be
scaled as its source block, you must press [ENTER] in the scaling field
to indicate that the input is scaled to match its source block.
Figure 3.2.9 shows that the PV input is scaled the same as its source
block TT101.
You can change the assigned display scaling to match the scaling of
another continuous input or output. Enter an input or output register
letter (A--O, Q, or a--o) in the “Eng Zero” value, to indicate that the link
has the same display scaling values as the input or output register.
Figure 3.2.9 shows that the LS, RS, and FF inputs each are scaled to
match the scaling of another input.
If the display scaling of a linked source is used for the display scaling of
a block, the scaling values of the destination depend on the source, but
not vice versa. Scaling inputs that are dependent upon one another, like
the example in Figure 3.2.9, are helpful if the scaling of one of the
primary components, such as a transmitter, is changed. If the scaling of
a transmitter is changed and that transmitter provides an input to a
block, the scaling of all links for that block are changed accordingly.
Input RS is scaled the same Input FF is scaled the same Input E is scaled as you defined
as LS, from 0--100 as Q, from 0--100
- To configure the input with the same scaling - To configure the input with a
as another register: user-defined value:
D Place the cursor above the “Eng Zero” or D Place the cursor above the “Eng Zero”
“Eng Max” field (to the right of the Þ), type or “Eng Max” field, type the
the register letter with the appropriate appropriate value including a decimal
scaling, then press [ENTER]. The register point, then press [ENTER].
letter appears to the left of the arrow.
If you could not convert the link scaling, your equation for the
temperature average and the block output might look like this:
Q = ( A+B+C ) / 3
Types of Conversions
Example: Assume you want to add two flows together and multiply the
sum of the two flows by an operator-adjustable ratio from .1 to 1.0. You
then want to control a third flow based on this ratio to the total wild flow.
Figure 3.2.10 shows the simplified math using the two types of scaling
conversions.
PID CB
PV AOB
0 -- 200 GPM Q
nl
SP
AIB MATH CB
eu
A Q
Q = (A+B) ´ C Q = 0 to 1.0 GPM To control
eu valve
AIB B
0 -- 1000 GPM C
Could be any I/O block; Operator adjustable The configuror must enter 0 -- 1.0 GPM scaling
AIB given as example. ratio (0 to 1.0) on the output in order to get the correct
function in the Math block.
NOTE: When you change a scaling conversion for a link, you are
changing a mathematical computation that was previously performed.
This change will noticeably affect the values produced by your
equations in Math blocks or logic steps.
The “Þ” prompt in front of the Eng Zero and Eng Max fields disappears
after you configure an “eu” conversion. You cannot change the values in
the scaling fields because, after conversion to engineering units, the
number in the “Value” field is already in engineering units and does not
need to be scaled.
Figure 3.2.12 shows what the fields look like after conversion to
engineering units. The number of zeros to the right of the decimal point
and the name of the units will be the same as the source scaling.
The Discrete Diagram screen shows which values have been converted
to engineering units. Next to each converted link, “eu” appears to
remind you that equations using these links must also use values
compatible with engineering units.
Example: Suppose you have a level indicator linked to input A with the
link converted to engineering units. The indicator shows the level in a
water column from 0 to 333 inches. You configured a logic step to turn
on when the level nears the top of the range. Figure 3.2.13 shows the
Discrete Diagram screen with the converted link marked.
Restrictions
When you configure scaling conversion for links, keep these restrictions
in mind:
D You cannot enter a conversion before you enter a link.
D You cannot configure scaling conversion on Q, nor on inputs that
are not linked (for example, *VALUE).
D The PID function with all its variations prevents “eu” conversion
on PV, LS, RS, FF, and, if the ratio or bias option is selected, RA
and BI. However, “eu” conversion of these links (A, B, C, D, E,
and F) is possible on other block types. Do not change another
block type with converted links to a PID block: the conversion will
remain on the links, but the scaling will be wrong.
D Conversion to “eu” only works on links within the same controller.
For example:
To convert a link between . . .
=75A--1 and =75A--20 Is possible using “eu”
=75A--1 and =75E--10 Is not possible using “eu”
D Conversion to “nl” does work on links between controllers. For
example:
To convert a link between . . .
=75A--1 and =75E--20 Is possible using “nl”
D When you configure scaling conversion on a link, the ultimate
source of the eu or nl scaling cannot be more than 3 links away.
This would not typically be a limitation for most configurations.
D Tracking and scaling conversion will not work together correctly.
Do not configure scaling conversion on the tracking input. The
tracking value sent back to the source will not be converted.
Section 3:
Discrete Links Screen
Use the Discrete Links screen to configure the discrete links to the
ControlBlock and the message pairs that correspond to the input state.
The shaded box in Figure 3.3.1 shows the Discrete Links screen among
ControlBlock screens for ControlBlock =1A--4.
ControlBlock =1A--4
CB CONTINUOUS
LINKS [ EXCH ]
H to O
CB CONTINUOUS
LINKS [ EXCH ]
A to G
[ PAGE ] [ PAGE ]
BLOCK REFERENCES
CB DISCRETE
LINKS
(next address)
[PAGE AHEAD]
CB CONTINUOUS
[ EXCH] LINKS
H to O
CB DISCRETE
LINKS
CB CONTINUOUS
[PAGE BACK] [ EXCH] LINKS
A to G
CB DISCRETE
LINKS
(previous address)
Use the Discrete Links screen to link discrete data values to the
ControlBlock and to assign message pairs to these values. Figure 3.3.3
shows a sample Discrete Links screen. Table 3.3.1 describes the fields
on the screen.
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
LOCAL, OPERATOR,
Block Mode Oper Current block mode.
AUTO
ControlBlock
Discrete or
Field Contact
Input Block
a--p
ControlBlock
Operator Console
Batch
Program
Input value that can be changed *M ON Remains OFF until turned ON. Remains ON
from the console keyboard or by (momentary ON) for one evaluation cycle.
a Batch program.
*M OFF Remains ON until turned OFF. Remains OFF
(momentary OFF) for one evaluation cycle.
*TOGGLE Changes state each time that the input is
actuated with [ENTER].
*SELECT
*VALUE Denotes input as part of a group. When one
of the inputs in a group is ON, all others in the
group are OFF. Use [ENTER] to turn on one
input in a group.
Denotes a value that can be changed from
another source (such as Batch). Cannot be
changed from the faceplate.
Fixed state input value that must *ON Remains ON at all times. Cannot be changed
be reconfigured to be changed. from faceplate.
*OFF
Remains OFF at all times. Cannot be
changed from the faceplate.
Section 4:
Configuration Constraints
Linking Considerations
Number of
Component
Available Links
ControlFile:
Into and out of ControlFiles 40
PeerWay:
Within PeerWays 300
Between PeerWays (HIA) 40
PeerWay Q
=16A--14 =16A--6
ControlFile
Coordinator Q
Processor =16A--12 =16A--2
Card
Forty links are available for each MPC Controller Processor. Eighty links
are available into and out of each MPCII or MPC5 Controller Processor.
The ControlFile Status screen displays the number of remaining links
for Controller Processors. For information about the ControlFile Status
screen, see “Viewing the Number of ControlFile Links Available” later in
this section.
D An input or output sent from a Controller Processor costs the
Controller Processor one link, regardless of how many Controller
Processors you link it to. See Figure 3.4.2.
D An input or output received by a Controller Processor costs the
Controller Processor one link, regardless of how many blocks in
the Controller Processor you link it to. See Figure 3.4.2.
PeerWay
Q
=16A--14 =16B--22
PeerWay
Buffer
Card
=16B--46
ControlFile
Coordinator
Processor Costs Controller Processor=16A 1 link
Card Costs Controller Processor=16B 1 link
Costs ControlFile=16 0 link
Costs PeerWay 0 link
Controller Controller
Processor Processor
Card Card
=16A =16B
ControlFile =16
PeerWay
Q
=16A--14 =16B--22
PeerWay
Buffer
Card
=16G--12
ControlFile =16
Forty links are available for each ControlFile. The ControlFile Status
screen displays the number of remaining links for Controller Processors.
For information about the ControlFile Status screen, see “Viewing the
Number of ControlFile Links Available” later in this section.
D An input or output sent from a ControlFile costs the ControlFile
one link, regardless of how many ControlFiles you link it to. See
Figure 3.4.3.
D An input or output received by a ControlFile costs the ControlFile
one link, regardless of how many blocks in the ControlFile you
link it to. See Figure 3.4.3.
Q
=16A--14 =18B--22
PeerWay
PeerWay PeerWay
Buffer Buffer
Card Card
ControlFile ControlFile
Coordinator Coordinator
Processor Processor
Card Card
Q
=16A--14 =18A--22
=18B--46
PeerWay
PeerWay PeerWay
Buffer Buffer
Card Card
ControlFile ControlFile
Coordinator Coordinator
Processor Processor
Card Card
Three hundred links are available for each PeerWay. You cannot view
the number of PeerWay links available so you should keep track of the
number of PeerWay links used.
D An input or output received by a PeerWay costs the PeerWay
one link, regardless of how many blocks in the PeerWay you link
it to. See Figure 3.4.4.
Q
=16A--14 =16B--22
=16B--46
PeerWay PeerWay
Buffer Buffer
Card Card
ControlFile ControlFile
Coordinator Coordinator
Processor Processor
Card Card
Forty links are available for each Highway Interface Adapter (HIA)
connecting two PeerWays. See Figure 3.4.5.
Q
=16A--14 =85A--22
=85B--46
PeerWay PeerWay
Buffer Buffer
Card Card
ControlFile ControlFile
Coordinator Coordinator
Processor Processor
Card Card
HIA HIA
=20 =82
PeerWay 1 PeerWay 3
HIA HIA
=18 =84
HIA HIA
=50 =52
PeerWay 2
ControlFile
Controller Processor (Coordinator Processor)
available links available links
Figure 3.4.7. Viewing the Number of Controller Processor and ControlFile Available Links
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
Control Type NA Indicates the type of the Controller Processor card. Display Only
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
The ControlFile Links screen has a page for the Coordinator Processor
(displayed as PeerWay on the ControlFile Links screen) and one page
for each of its Controller Processors. Figure 3.4.8 shows a sample
ControlFile Links screen for the ControlFiles on node 2. Screens for
both the PeerWay links and the Controller Processor links are shown.
- To call up a ControlFile Links screen:
D From the command line, type:
CFL node number of the ControlFile [ENTER]
or
D From the ControlFile Status screen, press [EXCH].
or
D From a ControlFile Links page for a Controller Processor, press
[PAGE AHEAD] to view the desired ControlFile Links page for a
ControlFile.
CONFIG 1
The Block References screen lists the ControlBlock variables that you
have linked to other blocks. This screen displays the tag and address of
the destination block to which you linked the block input. This
information can help you determine the effect of a change in block logic
on the block. This screen is for display purposes only. Figure 3.4.9
shows a sample Block References screen for ControlBlock =78A--08.
Table 3.4.3 describes the fields on the screen.
- To call up a Block References screen:
D Press [BLOCK REFERENCES], type the tag or address of the
block, and press [ENTER].
or
D From the command line, type:
BR tag or address of the block [ENTER]
or
D From another screen in the same block, press
[BLOCK REFERENCES] or type
BR, then press [ENTER].
Use [PAGE AHEAD] and [PAGE BACK] to call up the Block References
screen for other ControlBlocks for a Controller Processor. More than
one page of block references may exist for a ControlBlock.
Access
Field Description
Level
Destination Address NA Address of the block to which the ControlBlock register value is linked.
Source Link NA Letter of the ControlBlock register value that is linked to another block.
METHOD 1
=1A Costs =1A and =1B each 4 links. =1B
=1B--1
=1AA101
=1AA102
Calculation
=1AA103
=1AA104
METHOD 2
=1A Costs =1A and =1B each 1 link. =1B
=1A--4 =1B--1
=1AA101
=1AA102
Calculation
=1AA103
=1AA104
=1A--1 Q =1B--4
Controller Processor
Free Space
Figure 3.4.12. Idle Time and Free Space Indicators on ControlFile Status Screen
The following issues are some of the factors that affect the amount of
free space and idle time remaining in a Controller Processor. To
increase the amount of free space and idle time remaining in a
Controller Processor, make these kinds of changes in your
configuration:
D Fewer ControlBlocks
D Fewer I/O blocks
D Fewer links
D Fewer logic steps
D Fewer logic step comments
D Fewer descriptors
D Shorter descriptors
D Slower scan time
D Fewer ControlBlocks, more functions in each block
D Fewer ControlBlocks, more I/O blocks
Section 5:
Hints for Configuring Block Links
This section discusses some of the problems that you may encounter
when configuring ControlBlock links and some possible ways to deal
with them. This section also provides tips that are helpful when
configuring ControlBlock links.
Configuration Problems
Configuration Tips
Listed below are hints to help you when configuring ControlBlock links.
- Using Eng Max and Eng Min
Remember that continuous input values A through O (on the
Continuous Links screen) aren’t limited to the range specified in the
“Eng Zero” and “Eng Max” fields. Any values outside of this range
are nonlinearly represented on the continuous faceplate.
- Using HIAs and links
When using HIAs, a link over any HIA is a link for all HIAs. This is
important to remember when determining the number of links that
are configured.
- Use caution when entering a tag or address
For situations like the one described below, be sure to enter a valid
hardware address or tag (one that has been referenced previously
on another Controller Processor card) for a source link. Otherwise,
an Invalid Link Input message will not be generated to warn you of
the improper configuration, and as a result, the source block will not
be updated.
If you are:
D configuring the “Source” field on a Continuous Links screen or
the Discrete Links screen, and
D using redundant Controller Processors, and
D planning to enter the hardware address of the block
Then:
D be sure to enter the hardware address of the block using the
left-hand Controller Processor, that is, A for Controller
Processors A and B, etc., as the Controller Processor part of the
address. For example, use the address =13AA101 rather than
the address =13BA101.
Chapter 4:
Configuring a Continuous Diagram Screen
List of Figures
Figure Page
4.1.1 Configuring ControlBlock Alarm Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1-3
4.1.2 Deviation Alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1-5
4.1.3 Alarm Generation with a Deadband . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1-6
4.1.4 Alarm Deadband . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1-7
4.1.5 Continuous Diagram Screen-Q Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1-9
4.1.6 Configuring Alarm Priority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1-11
4.2.1 Continuous Diagram Screen Among ControlBlock Screens . . . . . . . . . 4-2-2
4.2.2 Flowchart of Continuous Diagram Screens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2-3
4.2.3 Continuous Diagram Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2-4
List of Tables
Table Page
4.2.1 Continuous Diagram Screen Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2-5
4.3.1 Alarm Priority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3-2
Section 1:
Configuring ControlBlock Alarm Points
This section describes the ControlBlock alarms and alarm priority for
continuous inputs and outputs.
Types of Alarms
You can set critical, advisory, and rate-of-change alarms for each
continuous input, A through O, on the corresponding Continuous
Diagram screen.
Figure 4.1.1 shows a faceplate with a high critical alarm of 100, a low
critical alarm of 0, and a rate-of-change alarm of 2 units/second
configured for input A (PV).
You can set advisory and critical deviation alarms on the Continuous
Diagram screen for continuous input A of a PID function ControlBlock.
Only one advisory and one critical alarm are allowed per ControlBlock,
and these appear on each page of the Continuous Diagram screen after
they are set.
The deadband defines a range that extends below a high alarm point,
above a low alarm point, and within deviation alarm points for each
continuous input and the ControlBlock output. This range is to prevent
repeated tripping of alarms by a variable drifting in and out of the alarm
limit.
Alarm indication
50
25
PV-- A 195.0
High alarm point
LS-- B 195.1
RSP--C
High alarm deadband
FF-- D
100 -- High deviation alarm point
75
Deviation deadband
50
OUT
Low alarm point
%
You can configure critical and advisory alarms for the continuous output
Q on the Q page of the Continuous Diagram screen.
Figure 4.1.5 shows a faceplate with a high advisory alarm of 100 and a
low advisory alarm of 0 configured for the output Q. Alarm entries are
expressed in scaled units as defined on the Continuous Links screen,
except for the deadband, which is entered as a percent of range.
To reach the Q page, use [PAGE AHEAD] and [PAGE BACK] from the
continuous input pages.
Alarm Deadband
If more than one unacknowledged alarm of the same type exists at one
time, a set of priorities determines which alarm banner is shown in the
alarm line. A list of the process alarm priorities follows:
1. Active unacknowledged alarms have priority over cleared
unacknowledged alarms.
2. Critical alarms have priority over advisory alarms.
3. Alarms are assigned priority by a number from 0-15. Alarms with
a lower alarm priority number assigned have priority over alarms
with a higher alarm priority number and replace the alarm
displayed in the alarm line.
When configuring ControlBlock priority, it may be desirable to
configure a priority of 7 or 8 to allow for later manipulation of the
priority without having to change the priority of all ControlBlocks.
4. When two alarms have the same priority, the first alarm
generated has priority over alarms generated later.
You can configure the default value for the “Alarm Priority” field on the
Alarm Configuration screen.
Figure 4.1.6 shows the area on the Continuous Diagram screen for
configuring the alarm priority.
Section 2:
Configuring a Continuous Diagram Screen
This section describes the Continuous Diagram screen and the screen
fields.
ControlBlock =1A--4
CB CONTINUOUS
LINKS
H to O
[ EXCH ]
[ PAGE ]
CB DISCRETE LINKS
CB CONTINUOUS
LINKS
[ EXCH ]
A to G
[ PAGE ] [ PAGE ]
BLOCK REFERENCES
Figure 4.2.2 shows a flowchart of the Block Diagram screens that can
be called up from ControlBlock input A. Use [PAGE AHEAD] and [PAGE
BACK] keys to access the screens for the continuous inputs
A to O and continuous output Q.
CB CONTINUOUS
DIAGRAM
CB CONTINUOUS CB CONTINUOUS
DIAGRAM DIAGRAM
Input A
CB CONTINUOUS CB CONTINUOUS
DIAGRAM Input Q Input BDIAGRAM
CB CONTINUOUS
CB CONTINUOUS DIAGRAM
Input O
DIAGRAM Input C
CB CONTINUOUS
Input N
CB CONTINUOUS Input D
DIAGRAM
DIAGRAM
CB CONTINUOUS
CB CONTINUOUS DIAGRAM
Input E
Input M
DIAGRAM
CB CONTINUOUS CB CONTINUOUS
Input L DIAGRAM
CB CONTINUOUS CB CONTINUOUSDIAGRAMInput F
DIAGRAM DIAGRAM
CB CONTINUOUS
Input K DIAGRAM Input G
Input J Input H
Input I
[PAGE BACK] [PAGE AHEAD]
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
* Operators can access the field if the “OPR Alarm Entry” field is configured as “Yes”.
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
LOCAL, MANUAL,
Block Mode Oper Current block mode. AUTO, REMOTE,
DDC, COMP SP
* Operators can access the field if the “OPR Alarm Entry” field is configured as “Yes”.
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
* Operators can access the field if the “OPR Alarm Entry” field is configured as “Yes”.
Section 3:
Hints for Configuring a Continuous Diagram
Screen
This section discusses some of the problems that you may encounter
when configuring a Continuous Diagram screen and some possible
ways to deal with them. This section also provides tips that are helpful
when configuring a Continuous Diagram screen.
Configuration Problems
RS3: Configuring a Continuous Diagram Screen Hints for Configuring a Continuous Diagram Screen
CB: 4-3-2
Configuration Tips
Priority
These alarms... have priority over...
No.
3 Alarms with a smaller alarm priority number Alarms with a larger alarm priority number
RS3: Configuring a Continuous Diagram Screen Hints for Configuring a Continuous Diagram Screen
RS3t
ControlBlock Configuration Manual
Chapter 5:
Configuring a Discrete Faceplate Screen
List of Figures
Figure Page
5.1.1 Discrete Faceplate Screen Among ControlBlock Screens . . . . . . . . . . 5-1-2
5.1.2 CB Discrete Faceplate Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1-4
5.2.1 Configuring a Discrete Faceplate Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2-3
5.2.2 Displaying a Discrete Variable State Faceplate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2-5
5.2.3 Sample Discrete Links Screen for Assigning a Message Pair . . . . . . . 5-2-6
5.2.4 Sample Discrete Diagram Screen for Assigning a Message Pair . . . . 5-2-6
5.2.5 Displaying Continuous Variable Information on a Faceplate . . . . . . . . . 5-2-8
5.2.6 Displaying a System Flag on a Faceplate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2-10
5.2.7 Displaying a Message Pair on a Faceplate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2-11
5.2.8 Sample Discrete Faceplate and a Standard Message Pair Screen . . . 5-2-12
5.2.9 Displaying Static Information on a Faceplate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2-13
5.3.1 Operator--Enterable Continuous Variable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3-2
List of Tables
Table Page
5.1.1 Discrete Faceplate Common Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1-5
5.2.1 Continuous Variable Information for a Faceplate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2-8
Section 1:
Discrete Faceplate Screen
This section describes the Discrete Faceplate screen and the screen
fields.
H to O
[ EXCH ]
CB CONTINUOUS LINKS
A to G
[ PAGE ] [ PAGE ]
CB CONTINUOUS CB DISCRETE
DIAGRAM [ EXCH ] DIAGRAM
A a
BLOCK REFERENCES
Figure 5.1.1 shows the Discrete Faceplate screen among the other
ControlBlock configuration screens.
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
Up to 24 alphanumeric
Descriptor Conf User-defined block descriptor.
characters
NONE (Unconfigured),
MAN Manual Block,
P Controller,
I Controller,
D Controller,
PI Controller,
ID Controller,
PD Controller,
PID Controller,
IB Controller,
LL Lead/Lag,
DT Dead Time,
TOT Stack Totalizer,
TOTSP Setpoint Totalizer,
RB Ratio/Bias, SS Signal
Selector, VLIM Velocity
Function Conf Major function of the ControlBlock. Limiter, POLY Polynomial
Function, PLI Piecewise
Linear Interpolator, MATH
User-Defined Function, ATP
Auto Tuning, ATPI Auto
Tuning, ATPD Auto Tuning,
ATPID Auto Tuning, DISC
Discrete Block, DMC Motor
Controller, DASMC Auto
Sequence Motor Controller,
DDSMC Dual Speed Motor
Controller, DDDMC Dual
Direction Motor Controller,
DVC Valve Controller,
DASVC Auto Sequence
Valve Controller, DMVC
Motorized Valve Controller
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
Up to 16 alphanumeric
characters, at least one of
Tag Conf User-defined block tag.
which must be an
alphabetical character
Section 2:
Configuring a Discrete Faceplate
Tag Descriptor
Addr =1C-80 Function DISC Discrete Block
Figure 5.2.3. Sample Discrete Links Screen for Assigning a Message Pair
Figure 5.2.4. Sample Discrete Diagram Screen for Assigning a Message Pair
When you configure the first line of one of the 17 numbered fields, the
second line displays the corresponding tag or function of the variable.
The value of a continuous input that is displayed uses the scaling
configured on the Continuous Links screen.
Message pair labels are messages from the Standard Message Pair
screen and the User Message Pair screen. Messages on the faceplate
appear in the color in which the message is configured on the Standard
Message Pair screen or the User Message Pair screen. For information
about standard and user message pairs, see CC: 1.
Figure 5.2.8. Sample Discrete Faceplate and a Standard Message Pair Screen
Section 3:
Hints for Configuring Discrete Faceplates
This section discusses some of the problems that you may encounter
when configuring a ControlBlock discrete faceplate and some possible
ways to deal with them. This section also provides tips that are helpful
when configuring a discrete faceplate.
Configuration Problems
RS3: Configuring a Discrete Faceplate Screen Hints for Configuring Discrete Faceplates
CB: 5-3-2
RS3: Configuring a Discrete Faceplate Screen Hints for Configuring Discrete Faceplates
CB: 5-3-3
Configuration Tips
RS3: Configuring a Discrete Faceplate Screen Hints for Configuring Discrete Faceplates
CB: 5-3-4
RS3: Configuring a Discrete Faceplate Screen Hints for Configuring Discrete Faceplates
RS3t
ControlBlock Configuration Manual
Chapter 6:
Configuring Logic Steps
List of Figures
Figure Page
6.1.1 ControlBlock Logic Step . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1-1
6.1.2 Screens Used to Configure a Logic Step . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1-3
6.1.3 Inputs Change One Cycle Later . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1-5
6.2.1 Discrete Diagram Screen Among ControlBlock Screens . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2-1
6.2.2 Flowchart of Discrete Diagram Screens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2-3
6.2.3 Discrete Diagram Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2-4
6.2.4 Configuring a Logic Step to Generate an Alarm or Event Message . . 6-2-7
6.2.5 Configuring a Logic Step to Generate an Event Message . . . . . . . . . . 6-2-9
6.3.1 Discrete Diagram—Area for Configuring Condition Logic
Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3-3
6.3.2 Simple Emulation Logic Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3-4
6.3.3 Emulation Logic Statement Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3-5
6.3.4 Sample Set/Clear Logic Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3-7
6.3.5 Set/Clear Logic Statement Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3-7
6.3.6 Discrete Diagram—Area for Configuring Action Logic Statements . . . 6-3-9
6.3.7 Setting and Locking a Setpoint Using an On Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3-11
6.3.8 On Logic Statement Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3-11
6.3.9 Setting and Locking a Setpoint Using an Off Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3-13
6.3.10 Off Logic Statement Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3-13
6.3.11 Adjusting a Setpoint Using a Rise Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3-15
6.3.12 Rise Logic Statement Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3-15
6.3.13 Adjusting a Setpoint Using a Fall Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3-17
6.3.14 Fall Logic Statement Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3-17
6.3.15 Using Set and Clear Statements to Detect a Change in State . . . . . . . 6-3-26
6.3.16 Using the Rise Operator in a Set Logic Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3-27
6.3.17 Replacing a Linked Value with a Constant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3-31
6.3.18 Replacing a Linked Value with Another Linked Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3-31
6.4.1 Sample Logic Statement Using the Count Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4-4
6.4.2 Behavior of the Count Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4-4
6.4.3 Sample Logic Statement Using the Delay Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4-6
6.4.4 Behavior of the Delay Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4-6
6.4.5 Sample Logic Statement Using the Duty and Period Functions . . . . . . 6-4-9
6.4.6 Behavior of the Period and Duty Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4-11
List of Tables
Table Page
6.2.1 Discrete Diagram Screen Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2-5
6.2.2 Alarm or Event Message Field Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2-10
6.3.1 Unlinked Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3-19
6.3.2 Mathematical and Logical Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3-20
6.3.3 Examples of Continuous Variables in Logic Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3-24
6.3.4 Examples of Discrete Variables in Logic Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3-24
6.3.5 Effects of Logic Actions Applied to Q . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3-29
6.4.1 Logic Statement Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4-1
6.4.2 Time Function Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4-18
6.4.3 Control Block Operating Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4-22
Section 1:
Introduction to Logic Steps
CB DISCRETE DIAGRAM
StepÞa
CONDITIONS
a Þ
Set Þ
ClearÞ
ACTIONS
Rise Þ
ON Þ
Fall Þ
OFF Þ
CB CONTINUOUS LINKS
Tag Descriptor
Addr=01A-01 Function
CB DISCRETE LINKS
INPUTTagSOURCE
Descriptor Hold Eng Zero
Eng Addr=1A-1
Max Function
Value Units
PV Þ
LS Þ INPUT SOURCE INPUT SOURCE
RS Þ @a Þ @i Þ
ÞÞ
FF Þ @b @l @j Þ Identifies input sources for
E Þ @c @mÞÞ @k Þ use in the logic steps.
FÞ @d @n ÞÞ @l Þ
G Þ @e @oÞÞ @m Þ
H Þ @f Þ @n Þ
@g Þ @o Þ
@h Þ
CB DISCRETE DIAGRAM
Step Þ d
CONDITIONS
d Þ Defines the conditions required to
Set Þ control the step output or defines the
ClearÞ action to be taken on continuous
ACTIONS
portion of the ControlBlock.
Rise Þ
ON Þ
Fall Þ
OFF Þ
CB DISCRETE FACEPLATE
Tag DescriptorÞ
Addr=1A-1 Function
1Þ 2Þ 3Þ 4Þ 5Þ
16Þ 17Þ
Logic steps are evaluated once each evaluation cycle. You determine
the time for an evaluation cycle when you specify the scan time of the
ControlBlock. Evaluation takes place in this order:
1. The Controller Processor determines all of the input values that
are linked to the ControlBlock. All ControlBlock input values are
updated.
2. Each logic step, a through p, is evaluated separately beginning
with step a. The conditions statements of logic step a are
evaluated to determine whether the step is to be set to on or off.
— The first time the logic step is turned on, the Rise logic
statement is evaluated.
— Each time the logic step is on, the ON logic statement is
evaluated.
— The first time the logic step is turned off, the Fall logic
statement is evaluated.
— Each time the logic step is off, the OFF logic statement is
evaluated.
This same evaluation process continues for each logic step until
all logic steps of a ControlBlock have been evaluated.
3. The main function of the ControlBlock (such as DMC) is
evaluated.
4. Each ControlBlock outputs the continuous value Q and the
discrete values a through p.
Keep the logic step evaluation process in mind when you use logic step
outputs as variables in logic statements. If you use a logic step output
as a variable in another logic step, the value of the output depends on
whether the other logic step precedes or follows it.
For example, a logic statement in step c that uses the output of logic in
step a gets the current calculated value of a. A logic statement in step a
that uses the output of logic in step c gets the value of c that was
calculated during the last evaluation cycle.
Figure 6.1.3 shows a case in which the delay exists, but is not readily
apparent. Three actions are configured in the On logic statement.
Because all three actions appear on one line, it appears that all three
will take place at the same time. What actually happens is that the
mode changes immediately, but the old input values remain in effect
until the next cycle.
CONDITIONS
A
It appears that inputs A and B
B are updated at the same time that
the mode is changed. Actually,
the old values are in effect until
ACTIONS the next cycle.
Rise Þ
ON Þ setmode 2;A=1;B=0
Fall Þ
OFF Þ A=0; B=1
For example, with input A scaled 120.0 to 360.0 gal, the logic statement
“A=.5” results in A being assigned an absolute value of .5. However, this
will be displayed as 240.0 gal.
Section 2:
Configuring a Discrete Diagram Screen
This section describes the Discrete Diagram screen and the fields that
are used to configure logic steps. The shaded box in Figure 6.2.1 shows
the Discrete Diagram screen among the ControlBlock configuration
screens for a ControlBlock.
CB CONTINUOUS [ EXCH ]
LINKS
[ EXCH ]
H to O
[ PAGE ] [ PAGE ]
CB CONTINUOUS CB DISCRETE
DIAGRAM [ EXCH ] DIAGRAM
A a
BLOCK
REFERENCES
Figure 6.2.2 shows the Block Diagram screens for the logic steps. Use
the [PAGE AHEAD] and [PAGE BACK] keys to access the screens for
the discrete outputs a through p of a ControlBlock.
CB DISCRETE
DIAGRAM
CB DISCRETE CB DISCRETE
DIAGRAM DIAGRAM
CB DISCRETE CB DISCRETE
DIAGRAM
Output o DIAGRAM
Output c
CB DISCRETE CB DISCRETE
Output n
DIAGRAM Output d
DIAGRAM
CB DISCRETE CB DISCRETE
OutputDIAGRAM
m Output e
DIAGRAM
CB DISCRETE
DIAGRAM CB DISCRETE
Output l DIAGRAM
Output f
CB DISCRETE CB DISCRETE
Output k
DIAGRAM DIAGRAM
Output g
CB DISCRETE
DIAGRAM
Output j Output h
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
Local, Manual,
Block Mode Oper Current ControlBlock mode.
Auto
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
NOTE: For restrictions on using the “Rpt” field with preconfigured steps
for discrete motor controllers and valve controllers, see Table 6.2.2.
For information about configuring alarm and event list screens, see
CC:6.
CAUTION
If you configure an event using “On” or “Off”, an event is
generated with every Controller Processor scan cycle. If
you want an event to be generated only once, configure the
event using “Rise”, “Fall”, or “Chng”.
Be aware that preconfigured discrete ControlBlocks for motor and
valve controllers do not generate an alarm or an event on rise,
fall, or change conditions.
3. Cursor to the “Log” and “Event Type” fields, and type in the
desired information. (For more information on the fields, see
Table 6.2.2.)
4. If you want to initiate a printout using event types 241-255, the
event type must be assigned to an event list (1-10) on the Event
Configuration screen. Any values to be logged (“Log” field) are
then sent to the event list to which the printout event has been
assigned. (For more information on the Event List Configuration
screen, see CC:6.)
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
Specifies the ControlBlock variable for which the value is to A--O, a--p,
Log Conf
be displayed with the event message. @a--@o
* Not for use with preconfigured steps for discrete motor controllers and valve controllers. If this is a
problem, use the following workaround to configure a report trigger on the rise, fall, or change of a
preconfigured step.
WORKAROUND:
Select a user-configurable step and configure x = y (where x is a user-configurable step and y is a
preconfigured step) and then configure the “Rpt” field of x as needed.
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
* Not for use with preconfigured steps for discrete motor controllers and valve controllers. If this is a
problem, use the following workaround to configure a report trigger on the rise, fall, or change of a
preconfigured step.
WORKAROUND:
Select a user-configurable step and configure x = y (where x is a user-configurable step and y is a
preconfigured step) and then configure the “Rpt” field of x as needed.
Section 3:
Configuring Logic Statements
Conditions logic statements control the state of the step output using
one or more of the following statements:
D Emulation statement
D Set statement
D Clear statement
Actions logic statements act on the continuous inputs and output of the
ControlBlock using one or more of the following statements:
D Rise statement
D On statement
D Fall statement
D Off statement
Action logic statements are only executed for certain states of the step
output.
Emulation statement—
If the emulation statement is true, the step output is turned on.
If this statement is false, the step output is turned off.
Set statement—
If the Set statement is true, the step output is
turned on. The Set statement cannot turn the step
output off.
CB DISCRETE DIAGRAM 27-Nov-91 09:54:31
Tag Agitator 155 Descriptor
Addr =1A-01 Function DISC Discrete Block Plnt>0
Free Space: Stat = 91 % Dyn = 88 % Priority>0
+-------------------CONDITIONS--------------------+Step>a
>Level 1 |@c * |
Off OFF | * a= > |Mode>Auto
| * |
>Level 2/c |@e * Set >@c & @e |MsgP>*1
Off OFF | * |Off
| *Clear>@b |
>Tank 4 |@b * |-> ON
On ON |---*----------------ACTIONS----------------------|
| * |
>Tank 25 |B * Rise> |
.65 gal | * |
| * ON >B=.65 |Rpt>None
| * |
| * Fall> |
| * |
| * OFF >B=0 |
+-------------------------------------------------+
Steps in Manual Block Mode> AUTO
FULL CONFIG 1
Clear statement—
If the Clear statement is true, the step output is turned off.
The Clear statement cannot turn the step output on.
Figure 6.3.1. Discrete Diagram—Area for Configuring Condition Logic Statements
Example
True
(@c & @e) False
On
Step a output
Off
You can configure Set and Clear logic statements to configure the step
output.
D If the Set statement is true, the step output is turned on. The Set
statement cannot turn the step output off.
D If the Clear statement is true, the step output is turned off. The
Clear statement cannot turn the step output on.
You can configure both a Set and a Clear statement, so that the step
can be turned on and turned off.
Example
Figure 6.3.4 shows sample set and clear logic statements that set the
output of step a to on and off, depending on the state of the linked
variables @c, @e, and @b. Logic step a is on when both @c & @e are
true and @b is false. Logic step a is off if @b is true, regardless of the
state of @c and @e. Figure 6.3.5 shows the effect of the Set and Clear
statements on the step output.
True
(@c & @e) False
True
@b False
On
Step a output Off
You can configure ControlBlock action logic statements that act on the
continuous inputs and output of the ControlBlock as well as its mode.
You configure action statements in the Actions portion of the Discrete
Diagram screen, as shown in the shaded box in Figure 6.3.6.
You can configure any or all action statements for a logic step.
Example
If @b becomes true, the output of Step a turns off and the local setpoint
remains at 65%, but may be changed using the keyboard. Figure 6.3.8
shows the behavior of an On statement.
True
(@c & @e) False
True
@b False
On
Step a Output
Off
True
On Output Action False
The Off logic statement expression is executed whenever the logic step
output is off.
Example
Figure 6.3.9 shows a sample Off logic statement that is configured to set
analog input B to a value different from the current B input value and
lock input B at that value, while logic step a is off. Inputs @c, @e, @b,
and B are linked to logic step a. This sample logic statement is to set the
analog input B to 65% of its range when the output of Step a is off. Step
a is off when @b is true. While Step a remains off, the local setpoint is
locked at the value 65% and cannot be changed from the console
keyboard.
True
@b False
True
(@c & @e)
False
On
Step Output Off
True
Off Output Action False
The Rise function is only activated during the evaluation cycle that the
logic step output changes from off to on.
Example
True
(@c & @e)
False
True
@b
False
On
Step Output Off
True
Rise Output Action False
The Fall function is only activated during the evaluation cycle that the
logic step output changes from on to off.
Example
True
@b False
True
(@c & @e)
False
On
Step Output Off
True
Fall Output Action False
Variables
You must list all variables used in the logic statements of a ControlBlock
on the Continuous Links or Discrete Links screens for that ControlBlock.
Continuous Variables
Discrete Variables
Discrete inputs can have discrete values linked from other blocks.
Discrete variables have a value of 0.0 if false, and a value of 1.0 if true.
Unlinked discrete inputs entered from the keyboard can be assigned the
block functions described in Table 6.3.1.
Function Description
*Off Always off, logical constant. State cannot be changed from the discrete faceplate.
*On Always on, logical constant. State cannot be changed from the discrete faceplate.
*M Off Normally on, momentarily off when entered. Off for one evaluation cycle, then on.
*M On Normally off, momentarily on when entered. On for one evaluation cycle, then off.
*Select Maintained when one is turned On by entry, all other *Selects in the block turn off.
If x is true, v equals y
x?y:z if-else selection v=x?y:z
If x is false, v equals z
rounding function—variable or
round 2.2 is 2
round expression is rounded to nearest round x
round 2.6 is 3
integer
abs 5 is 5
abs absolute value function abs x
abs --5 is 5
NOTE: x, y, and z may be single discrete variables (@a--@o, a--p), single continuous variables (A--O, Q), or
expressions.
conditional and—true if both returns true (1) if x and y are >0; else,
& x&y
expressions are true; false otherwise returns false (0)
NOTE: x, y, and z may be single discrete variables (@a--@o, a--p), single continuous variables (A--O, Q), or
expressions.
NOTE: x, y, and z may be single discrete variables (@a--@o, a--p), single continuous variables (A--O, Q), or
expressions.
Example
D @a l(@b&@c) = If @a is true or @b and @c are true, then the
expression is true.
D (@a l@b)&@c = If @a or @b is true and @c is true, then the
statement is true.
Example
A logic step can change its PI Controller to Auto and set its remote
setpoint at 65% with one action statement:
RiseÞ C=.65;setmode 2
Sample
Condition is true if:
Expression
B--A>0
Controller error signal is positive
See note
Sample
Condition is true if:
Expression
Discrete inputs, a, b, and c, and step b (of this block) are all
@a&@b&@c&b
on
Any one, but only one, of the discrete inputs, f, or g, is true @f@g
Discrete input b is true and step d (of this block) is off @b&~d
Examples
B=.65; “setpoint”
‘Drain vessel’
rem Input to Tank 37;B=.65
B=.65;rem Input to Tank 37
If you need quotation marks to clarify the text of your comment, you can
nest single quotation marks inside double quotation marks, or vice
versa.
You can combine Set and Clear statements with rise or fall logical
operators to identify a change in the state of a variable. A statement
using rise as the operator is true for only one evaluation cycle after the
condition changes from false to true, even if the condition remains true.
A statement using fall as the operator is true for only one evaluation
cycle after the condition changes from true to false. Figure 6.3.15 shows
a sample statement that combines rise with Set and Clear statements to
turn on the step output only once, when @a changes during an
evaluation cycle.
Figure 6.3.16 shows that the sample expression rise@a is true for one
evaluation cycle after @a changes from false to true even though @a
remains true. When @b is true, the step output is cleared, or turned off.
Figure 6.3.15. Using Set and Clear Statements to Detect a Change in State
Set Þ @a True
Clear Þ @b
@a False
True
Turns on the step output
as often as necessary @b False
On
Step output Off
True
Turns on the step
output only once each rise @a False
evaluation cycle
True
@b False
On
Step output Off
In some cases the action imposed by the logic step is in direct conflict
with the normal behavior of the continuous ControlBlock function. This
occurs when the logic action affects the output, Q, or when a linked
input is replaced by an alternate value. In most of these cases, the logic
action takes priority.
The action statement Q=0.0, when imposed on a P+I controller with the
block in either the Auto or Remote mode, probably conflicts with the
value of Q that is calculated by the controller algorithm. In most cases,
the logic action overrides the block function. A logic action affecting Q
also overrides manual operation if the block is in Manual or Computer
mode. If the block is in Local mode, the logic action does not take
control of the output, Q.
When the logic action affecting Q is turned off, the output, Q, responds
as if the block had just been changed from Manual mode to Auto mode.
In the case of a controller, integral action begins to act in order to
reduce the error to zero. Table 6.3.5 lists all continuous functions and
how they are affected by a Q=X action statement when the block is in
Auto or Remote mode. For a detailed description of each function, see
Chapter 2. Logic actions do not affect Q when the block is in Local
mode.
Block Function
Q=X Action Statement
in Auto or Remote
P, PD, or D Controller
Dead Time
Polynomial Calculated block value is replaced Output immediately changes to the
by the value imposed by the action value calculated by the block
Piecewise Linear Interpolator statement. function.
Signal Selector
Ratio/Bias
Manual Output assumes the imposed value. Output remains the same.
When the logic action is relaxed (off), the function immediately resumes
using the linked value of 66%. If a numerical constant rather than a link
address was entered, the function resumes using the numerical
constant.
CAUTION
Logic action statements may cause abrupt changes in the
variable that could adversely affect process operations.
ON
ACTIONS
Fill--1 A Rise Þ
.50 GAL ON Þ A=.5
Fall Þ
OFF Þ
OFF
ACTIONS
Fill--1 A Rise Þ
.66 GAL ON Þ A=.5
Fall Þ
OFF Þ
ON
ACTIONS
Fill--1 A Rise Þ
.39 GAL ON Þ A=B
Fall Þ
Fill--2 B OFF Þ
.39 GAL
CONDITIONS
When the logic step is off,
the linked value of .66
remains in the register
ACTIONS OFF
Fill--1 A Rise Þ
.66 GAL ON Þ A=B
Fall Þ
Fill--2 B OFF Þ
.39 GAL
Section 4:
Logic Statement Functions
Function Description
Counts the occurrences of a specified event and becomes true after a preset number of
count
counts.
Turns on a logic step after a condition has been true for an uninterrupted length of time,
delay and then turns off the logic step after the condition has been false for the same
uninterrupted length of time.
period Generates pulses at a preset interval as long as a specified condition remains true.
timer Turns on a logic step after a condition has been true for a cumulative length of time.
wait Turns on a logic step after a condition has been true for an uninterrupted length of time.
ramp Increases or decreases a variable (Y) toward a target value (X) at a rate (Z).
time Provides a true/false value that depends on the current clock time or date.
* These functions are not described in detail and are listed here for reference only.
Function Description
Specifies a condition, an action that occurs if the condition is true, and another action that
if?then:else
occurs if the condition is false.
track* All blocks continue to operate if the output is not linked to anything. Expressed as track.
Invalidates any numbers currently in the Dead Time stack and sets the hold forward flag.
The Dead Time stack can then be filled with numbers and can contain a combination of
fill*
valid and invalid numbers. Expressed as fill. For information about using the fill function
with a Dead Time function ControlBlock, see Chapter 2.
Fills the Dead Time stack with a user-specified value. The output goes to the
vfill x* user-specified value until new information is received. Expressed as vfill x. For information
about using the vfill function with a Dead Time function ControlBlock, see Chapter 2.
Forces an evaluation of the block function. When “fnow” is on, a new value is put in the
fnow*
dead time stack. When “fnow” is off, the stack and display freeze. Expressed as fnow.
Forces a block to ignore received backtracking by clearing all four track action flags. Has
notrack*
no effect on Hold Forward. Expressed as notrack.
Sets the value of a PID integration term. The siterm function should be used carefully
siterm x* because the tracking system depends on being able to adjust to the integral term.
Expressed as siterm x.
ssm is the number of seconds since midnight. The ssm function allows you to schedule an
ssm*
event between midnight and 1 a.m.
ssm is the number of seconds since Sunday midnight. The ssm function allows you to
sss*
schedule an event.
V is the output tracking value in a tracking scheme. Using V in a logic statement allows
V*
you to test for the tracking value coming back to the primary block.
* These functions are not described in detail and are listed here for reference only.
Count Function
Definition
Expression
count(X,Y,Z) Where X is the target count. When Y=X, the logic step
turns on.
Y is the counter register (*Counter), which
tracks the evaluation cycles that the condition
is true. You must configure the register as a
*Counter function.
Z is a condition. For each evaluation that the
condition is true, the counter is incremented
by 1.
Example
Figure 6.4.2 shows the behavior of the count statement in Figure 6.4.1
using a target count of 4.0. Note that Z remains true for three evaluation
cycles from t6 to t9, which usually results in the accumulation of three
counts. In most applications, the objective is to count the number of
times a condition becomes true without regard to how long it remains
true each time. To accomplish this, a rise statement can be used for Z.
For information about using a Rise statement, see Section 3.
ClearÞ e Þ c&@a
ACTIONS Set Þ
Rise Þ ClearÞ
ON Þ ACTIONS
Fall Þ RiseÞ
4 (X)
3
2 Counts
1
Counter (Y) 0
Step Output
Delay Function
Definition
Expression
delay(X,Y,Z) Where X is the uninterrupted number of seconds that
Z must be true in order to turn on the step, and
it is also the number of seconds that Z must be
false in order to turn off the step.
Y is the timer register (*Timer) that tracks the
amount of time that the condition is true and
the amount of time that the condition is false.
You must configure the register as a *Timer
function.
Z is a condition. Each evaluation that the
condition changes from true to false or from
false to true, the timer begins counting.
Example
Figure 6.4.4 shows the behavior of the delay statement in Figure 6.4.3.
When Z goes true at t1, the timer starts timing from --30 seconds toward
zero. At t2, after 30 seconds have elapsed and Y equals zero, the step
output turns on. At this point, Y is set equal to +30 seconds. At t3, Z
goes false. The timer therefore starts timing down from 30 toward zero.
At t4, after 30 seconds have elapsed and Y equals zero, the step output
turns off. Although Z goes true again at t5, it goes false at t6 before it
has been true long enough for Y to time to 30, so the step output does
not turn on. This has the effect of filtering out pulses on Z shorter than
30 seconds in duration.
b Þ delay(30,H,@c)
Set Þ
ClearÞ
ACTIONS
Rise Þ
ON Þ
Fall Þ
OFF Þ
Z
30
.00 (X)
Seconds
ON
Step Output
30 OFF
sec
t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6
Definition
For each evaluation cycle that Z is on, Y=Y+X. When Y³1.0, Y is set to
Y--1.0 and the value of the duty function becomes true for one
evaluation cycle.
The period expression stays on for a single evaluation cycle, the length
of which may be 1/4second, 1/2 second, or 1 second, as selected for
the controller. When used with a duty function, the period expression is
on while the duty function is activated, which extends the on time of the
ControlBlock output.
c Þ period(10,G,@a)
Set Þ
ClearÞ
ACTIONS
Rise Þ
ON Þ e=duty(A,H,1)
Fall Þ
OFF Þ
Figure 6.4.5. Sample Logic Statement Using the Duty and Period Functions
The top part of Figure 6.4.6 shows the behavior of the period statement
in Figure 6.4.5. At t1, Z goes true. The timer starts timing from zero
toward 10 seconds. At t2, after 10 seconds have elapsed, Y equals 10,
so the step output turns on. In addition, the timer is automatically reset
and resumes timing from zero toward 10 seconds. As long as Z remains
true, the period expression cycles on and off once every 10 seconds.
However, Z goes false at t4, before another 10 seconds expire, so at t4
the timer is reset to zero and the period expression becomes false. The
timer remains at zero and the step output remains off until Z again goes
true and stays true for at least 10 seconds.
The bottom part of Figure 6.4.6 shows the behavior of the duty
statement with a controller output of .25. Z remains true for a number of
evaluation cycles, but the duty function is true only when Y is ³1 and Z
is true. Y resets to 0 when Y is £1 and Z is false.
Z
10
On Delay
(X) seconds
Timer (Y) 0
On
Period Off
Step Output
t1 t2 t3 t4 t5
10
sec
duty(X,Y,Z)
Z
1.0
.75
.50 Counts
.25
Counter (Y) 0
X .25 seconds
On
Duty
Step Output Off
Timer Function
Definition
A timer function is a timer that turns on a logic step after a condition has
been true for a cumulative length of time.
Expression
timer(X,Y,Z) Where X is the cumulative number of seconds that Z
must be true in order to turn on the step. This
may be the length of a single, uninterrupted
period or the sum of the length of two or more
separate periods.
Y is the timer register (*Timer), which tracks
the amount of time that the condition is true.
You must configure the register as a *Timer
function.
Z is a condition. Each evaluation cycle that the
condition is true, the timer is counting (without
being reset).
Example
Figure 6.4.8 shows that when Z goes true at t1, the timer begins timing
toward 300 seconds. When Y reaches 300 at t2, the step output turns
on. Notice that between t2 and t3, Z goes false; the step output remains
on, however, because Y is reset by another logic step at t3. At t4, Z
goes true. Y therefore starts timing toward 300 seconds. At t5, after an
elapsed time of less than 300 seconds, Z goes false again. Y remains at
the elapsed time it accumulated up to that point. At t6, Z goes true
again. The timer resumes timing toward 300 seconds. At t7, when the
timer reaches 300 seconds, the step output turns on. The timer
expression stays on, regardless of whether Z is true or false, until Y is
reset to zero by a logic action statement.
CONDITIONS
CONDITIONS
b Þ timer(300,H,(@d&@e)) c Þ @g
Set Þ Set Þ
ClearÞ ClearÞ
ACTIONS
ACTIONS
Rise Þ
Rise Þ
ON Þ
ON Þ H=0.0
Fall Þ
Fall Þ
OFF Þ
OFF Þ
Resets the time to 0 when @g is true and turns off logic step b.
Z
300
(X)
Seconds
Step Output
300
sec
t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7
Wait Function
Definition
Expression
wait(X,Y,Z) Where X is the uninterrupted number of seconds that
Z must be true to turn on the step.
Y is the timer register (*Timer), which tracks
the amount of time that the condition is true.
You must configure the register as a *Timer
function.
Z is a condition. Each evaluation cycle that the
condition is true, the timer begins counting.
Example
Figure 6.4.10 shows the behavior of the wait statement. When Z goes
true at t1, the timer, Y, begins timing toward 60 seconds. When Y
reaches 60 at t2, the step output turns on. When z goes false at t3, the
step output turns off and the timer is reset. Although Z goes true again
at t4, it goes false at t5 before it has been true long enough for Y to time
to 60, so the step output does not turn on.
CONDITIONS
b Þ wait(60,F,@a)
Set Þ
ClearÞ
ACTIONS
Rise Þ
ON Þ
Fall Þ
OFF Þ
Z
60
(X)
Seconds
Timer (Y) .00
Step Output
60
sec
t1 t2 t3 t4 t5
Definition
Expression
ramp(X,Y,Z) Where X is the target value, which is a constant,
another variable, or an expression. X must be
a value between 0 and 1.
Y is the variable (usually a setpoint) that is to
be ramped.
Z is the ramp rate in units per second, which
may be a positive (+) or negative (~) value and
can be a constant, another variable, or an
expression.
Example
CONDITIONS
@a g= Þ@a
Set Þ
ClearÞ
ACTIONS
C Rise Þ
ON Þramp(.5,B,.00005)
Fall Þ
OFF Þ
500 F (X)
0.05 F (Z)
1 sec
t1 t2 t3 t4
Definition
The time function provides a value for a logic statement that depends on
the current clock time or date. Clock time refers to the system clock time
displayed on the upper right hand corner of all console screens.
Expression
time X Where X is a number that represents the desired time
or date. See Table 6.4.2 for a list of the time
function options.
Time Example
Description Time or Date
Operator Format
time 22 Clock time in the form yymmdd June 23, 1990 900623
time 23 Clock time in the form mmddyy June 23, 1990 062390
time 24 Clock time in the form ddmmyy June 23, 1990 230690
Expression Examples
The following are some examples of clock time and date statements:
D The expression “time 3<8” is true when the hour is less than 8.
D The expression “time 7==1” is true all day Sunday every week.
D The expression “time 7>1” is true Monday through Saturday of
each week, but false all day Sunday.
D The expression time 2==30 is true for one minute each hour until
31 minutes past the hour.
D An expression that is to be true for a given span of clock time
must be written with an and (&) function. The expression
(time 21>=90000) & (time 21<=113000) is true for the time span
between 9:00 am and 11:30 am each day. A statement written in
the form 90000<=time 21<=113000 is accepted as an entry, but
does not function.
Example
Figure 6.4.13 shows a sample condition logic statement that sets the
step on when the clock time is 8:45:50.
Definition
The following functions set the logic step mode to Auto or Manual mode.
D setuauto Sets the logic step to Auto mode.
D setuman Sets the logic step to Manual mode.
Expression
Example
Figure 6.4.14 shows a sample logic statement that sets the logic step
mode to Auto when the step is on and sets the logic step mode to
Manual when the step is off.
You can change or test the ControlBlock operating mode with logic
functions:
D setmode n function Changes the operating mode of the block
being configured
D mode function Tests the operating mode
Operating Numerical
Mode Value (n)
Local 0
Manual 1
Auto 2
Remote 3
DDC 4
COMP SP 5
Expression
setmode n Where n is an integer from Table 6.4.3. For
information on the effect of mode on block
behavior, see Chapter 2.
Example
Figure 6.4.15 shows a sample logic statement that sets the block mode
to Auto.
Use the mode function to test the operating mode of a block. You can
use the mode function to test the mode of its own block or another
block.
Expression
To test the operating mode of a block that is being configured, use the
mode function expression:
mode==n Where n is an integer from Table 6.4.3 that
corresponds to the block mode.
Example
Figure 6.4.16. Testing the Operating Mode of the Block Being Configured
To test the operating mode of another block, the ControlBlock must test
for the mode block status bit. To do this, configure the other block being
tested as a continuous link to the source block. The block tag or address
is followed by “/MD” in the “Source” field on the Continuous Links
screen. Configure the test expression in a logic step.
Expression
To test the block mode of another block, use the expression:
x==y Where x is a continuous variable.
y is an integer from Table 6.4.3 that
corresponds to the block mode.
Example
Figure 6.4.17 shows a sample logic statement that tests the current
mode of a ControlBlock linked to this ControlBlock. The ControlBlock in
the example is linked to blocks =1A--9, =1A--13, and =1A--14. Notice
that “/MD” is entered following the address of the block =1A--14 on the
Continuous Links screen. This indicates that the sample logic statement
is testing the mode of block 1A--14. The logic statement is testing for
Auto mode.
ON
ACTIONS
You can test the Controller Processor operating mode with logic
functions:
D ifstand function Testing the Controller Processor mode
D sstand, snorm Setting the Controller Processor card mode
functions
Definition
Expression
To test the Controller Processor for Standby mode, use the ifstand
expression:
ifstand
Example
Definition
Expression
Example
Figure 6.4.19 shows a sample logic statement to set the mode of the
Controller Processor.
Figure 6.4.19. Setting the Block Mode of the Controller Processor Card
Definition
The inhibit function inhibits all of the alarms from a ControlBlock from
generating and being sent on the PeerWay.
Expression
inhibit
NOTE: The alarms are inhibited only as long as the inhibit function is
executed. That is, alarms are inhibited only for those evaluation cycles
in which the inhibit function is executed.
Example
Figure 6.4.20 shows a sample logic statement that inhibits all alarms on
ControlBlock =1A--10.
Definition
Expression
NOTE: Once alarms from a ControlFile are inhibited, they stay inhibited
until the opposite function is executed. That is, once a function is
executed, that condition remains in effect until the opposite condition is
executed.
Example
Figure 6.4.21 shows a sample logic statement that inhibits all alarms
and events on the Controller Processor.
When Step c is on, alarms and events from this ControlFile are inhibited.
The alarms and events remain inhibited until they are enabled.
Definition
if?then:else
X ? Y : Z
Expression Examples
D F=@a?E+.2:E--.2 If @a is true, then F=E+.2.
If @a is false, then F=E--.2.
Example
Figure 6.4.23 shows two ways to perform the same operation. The
upper portion of Figure 6.4.23 shows the if?then:else function for
performing the logic. Note that only one logic step is required. The lower
portion of Figure 6.4.23 shows multiple logic steps that are configured to
perform the same function.
CONDITIONS
a Þ @a
Set Þ
If @a is true:
ClearÞ
D and @c is true, then B is set to .67.
ACTIONS
D and @c is false, then B is set to .75.
Rise Þ
If @a is false, then the step is off and the
value of B remains as is. ON Þ B=@c?.67:.75
Fall Þ
OFF Þ
CONDITIONS
a Þ @a & @c
CONDITIONS
Set Þ
b Þ @a & ~@c
ClearÞ
Set Þ
ACTIONS
ClearÞ
Rise Þ
ACTIONS
ON Þ B=.67
Rise Þ
Fall Þ
ON Þ B=.75
OFF Þ
Fall Þ
OFF Þ
Definition
Expression
Example
Section 5:
Hints for Configuring Logic Steps
This section discusses some of the problems that you may encounter
when configuring ControlBlock logic steps and some possible ways to
deal with them. This section also provides tips that are helpful when
configuring logic steps.
Configuration Problems
Listed below are typical problems that occur when configuring logic
steps and possible ways to handle them.
- I want to change the output of a logic step manually, but the
system will not let me change the output field.
Check the “Mode” field to be sure that the logic step is in Manual
mode.
- Some ControlBlock evaluations do not seem to be working. The
ControlBlock is in Auto mode.
Although the ControlBlock is in Auto mode, some of the logic
steps may be in Manual mode. Such steps are not evaluated by
the ControlBlock. Check the “Steps in Manual” field to see if any
steps are in Manual mode. If they are, change the steps to Auto
mode.
- A logic step that isn’t even configured is on.
At one time this logic step was probably configured. Before it was
deleted, it was not turned off. You will need to turn off the logic
step.
To turn off the logic step:
1. Configure the “Function” as any function type, except a
preconfigured function.
2. On the Discrete Diagram screen for the logic step, turn the step
off.
3. Configure the “Function” as None to delete the ControlBlock.
or
Another logic step’s action statements are setting this step by
assignment.
Configuration Tips
Listed below are hints to help you when configuring logic steps.
- Writing logic statements
D When combining variables and operators in logic statements, be
sure to use parentheses to group statements, so that the
evaluation order is clear. If there are no parentheses in the logic
statement, and conditions are tested for first, then or conditions.
D When writing action logic statements that contain several
expressions, be sure to use a semicolon to separate the
expressions.
- Using logic statement operators
When using operators in a logic statement, remember that a value
less than or equal to 0.0 is considered false, and a value greater
than 0.0 is considered true.
Chapter 7:
Using System Flags and User Flags
List of Figures
Figure Page
7.1.1 Link Packet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1-1
7.1.2 Transfer of Data Between an I/O Block and a ControlBlock . . . . . . . . . 7-1-2
7.1.3 Transfer of Data Between ControlBlocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1-3
7.1.4 Transfer of Data Between a Console and a ControlBlock . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1-3
7.1.5 Flag Notation for Testing an Individual Flag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1-4
7.1.6 Flag Notation for Testing All Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1-4
7.1.7 Testing an Individual Flag for a Critical High Alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1-5
7.1.8 Testing the Rise in an Individual Flag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1-6
7.1.9 Using Binary or Hexadecimal Notation to Test All Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1-8
7.1.10 Testing the On/Off Status of All Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1-9
7.2.1 Transfer of Flags with an I/O Block Linked to a ControlBlock . . . . . . . . 7-2-2
7.2.2 Testing a System Flag for a Particular Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2-10
7.3.1 Transfer of Flags Between Two Linked ControlBlocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3-3
7.3.2 Example of Continuous Output Flags Between Two Linked
ControlBlocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3-4
7.3.3 Example of Continuous Input Flags Between Two Linked
ControlBlocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3-5
7.3.4 Flags Within a ControlBlock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3-6
7.3.5 Testing the Status of System Flag g for Hold Forward Status . . . . . . . 7-3-11
7.3.6 Testing a User Flag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3-12
7.3.7 Testing for a Discrete Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3-13
7.3.8 Testing for All Discrete Outputs (Except Step a) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3-14
7.3.9 Testing for an Output System Flag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3-15
7.3.10 Testing a User Flag for a Discrete Input State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3-16
7.3.11 Testing All Discrete Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3-17
7.4.1 Transfer of Flags Between a Console and a ControlBlock . . . . . . . . . . 7-4-1
7.4.2 Linking a Console Node to a ControlBlock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4-2
7.4.3 Acknowledging an Active Hardware Alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4-4
7.5.1 Testing the Status of a Hardware High Alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5-5
List of Tables
Table Page
7.2.1 I/O Block System Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2-3
7.2.2 Analog Input Block (AIB) User Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2-4
7.2.3 Analog Output Block (AOB) User Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2-4
7.2.4 Contact Input Block (CIB) and Discrete Input Block (DIB) User
Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2-5
7.2.5 Contact Output Block (COB) and Discrete Output Block (DOB)
User Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2-5
7.2.6 Multiplexer Input Block (MIB) User Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2-6
7.2.7 Pulse Input/Output Block (PIOB) User Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2-6
7.2.8 Smart Transmitter Input Block (SIB) User Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2-7
7.2.9 HART Output Block (HOB) User Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2-7
7.2.10 Temperature Input Block (TIB) User Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2-8
7.3.1 ControlBlock System Flags for Continuous Inputs
A through O (Z.s and Z.s.x) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3-7
7.3.2 ControlBlock System Flags for Continuous Output Q (Q.t.x)* . . . . . . . 7-3-8
7.3.3 ControlBlock System Flags for Continuous Output Q (Q.v)* . . . . . . . . 7-3-9
7.3.4 ControlBlock Flags for Which You Can Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3-10
7.3.5 Operators to Use with Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3-18
7.4.1 Console System Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4-3
7.4.2 Console User Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4-3
7.5.1 I/O Block Status Bit Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5-2
7.5.2 Programmable Logic Controller Block (PLCB) Status Bit Codes . . . . . 7-5-3
7.5.3 ControlBlock Status Bit Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5-4
Section 1:
Introduction to Flags and Flag Logic
This section describes flags and flag notation for writing logic to test the
status of flags.
What is a Flag?
Figure 7.1.1 shows the components of a link packet. Figure 7.1.1 also
shows the letters, a--p, used to refer to the flag position.
LINK PACKET
· System Flags: xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx; where x is a 0 or 1
· User Flags: xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx; where x is a 0 or 1
· Value or variable: A--O, Q
p m i e a
RS3: Using System Flags and User Flags Introduction to Flags and Flag Logic
CB: 7-1-2
System flags and user flags exist for the following components:
D I/O Blocks
D ControlBlocks
D Console nodes
All of the linked information, including the system flags and user flags, is
stored in the destination ControlBlock input registers. You can test one
or all system flags and user flags in the destination ControlBlock logic
steps to provide information about the source block or the destination
ControlBlock input registers. In some cases, you can test for a flag, but
the flag value may not be accurate. Therefore, this chapter discusses
only the valid flags for which you can test.
Figure 7.1.2 shows the transfer of data between an I/O block and a
linked ControlBlock. Figure 7.1.3 shows the transfer of data between
two linked ControlBlocks. Figure 7.1.4 shows the transfer of data
between a console and a linked ControlBlock.
Linked Information
I/O Block ControlBlock
System Flags
I/O Block: (Valid data, Hold forward)
ControlBlock Link: (Alarm information, block mode)
RS3: Using System Flags and User Flags Introduction to Flags and Flag Logic
CB: 7-1-3
Linked Information
ControlBlock ControlBlock
System Flags
Source ControlBlock: (Valid data, Hold forward)
Destination ControlBlock Link: (Alarm information)
User Flags
Source ControlBlock: (User flags for A--O)
Destination ControlBlock: (Discrete outputs)
Linked Information
Console ControlBlock
System Flags
(Valid data)
User Flags
(Alarm information)
RS3: Using System Flags and User Flags Introduction to Flags and Flag Logic
CB: 7-1-4
When you use flags in logic steps, a special notation is required. Flags
can be tested individually or all at once. Figure 7.1.5 shows the flag
notation for writing logic to test an individual flag. Figure 7.1.6 shows the
flag notation for writing logic to test all flags at one time.
You can configure and test logic statements on the Discrete Diagram
screen. For information about configuring logic steps, see Chapter 6.
X.z.y Examples:
A.s.a Tests system flag a of
register A
C.u.p Tests user flag p of
register C
Q.t.e Tests system flag e of
A--O, Q a--p the continuous output Q
Designates the continuous Designates the flag that is
register that contains the flag being tested
s, t or u
Designates the type of flag—
s or t = system flag;
u = user flag
Examples:
X.z A.s Tests the system flags
of register A
C.u Tests the user flags of
register C
Q.v Tests the system flags
of the continuous
A--O, Q s, v or u output Q
Designates the continuous Designates the type of flag—
register that contains the flag s or v = system flag; u =user flag
RS3: Using System Flags and User Flags Introduction to Flags and Flag Logic
CB: 7-1-5
Figure 7.1.7 shows a sample logic statement that tests a single flag that
indicates whether or not an AIB has a critical high alarm. The AIB value
is linked to register A. Flag p is tested for the status of the critical high
alarm for the AIB. If the AIB has a critical high alarm, flag p of the user
flags is on, and the logic step is on.
User flag p of the source block is on; therefore, logic step a is on.
RS3: Using System Flags and User Flags Introduction to Flags and Flag Logic
CB: 7-1-6
Figure 7.1.8 shows a sample logic statement that tests the rise of a
single flag. This example tests user flag p in register A. To test the fall of
an individual flag, enter “fall” instead of “rise”. Registers A--O and Q are
tested in this manner.
User flag p of the source block is turned on; therefore, logic step a is on.
RS3: Using System Flags and User Flags Introduction to Flags and Flag Logic
CB: 7-1-7
Logic statements for testing all flags at one time may use binary or
hexadecimal notation to represent the flag bit value. Both the binary
notation and the hexadecimal notation in Figure 7.1.9 represent the
same value. Either type of notation can be used.
Binary Notation
When you use binary notation, a # symbol must precede the 16-bit
binary value and an underline must separate each group of four digits.
The upper screen in Figure 7.1.9 shows a logic statement using binary
notation. If the value of a particular bit is not required, you can use an x
to represent a bit value of either 0 or 1.
Hexadecimal Notation
RS3: Using System Flags and User Flags Introduction to Flags and Flag Logic
CB: 7-1-8
Binary notation
Displayed as hexadecimal
Hexadecimal notation
RS3: Using System Flags and User Flags Introduction to Flags and Flag Logic
CB: 7-1-9
Figure 7.1.10 shows a sample logic statement for testing all of the user
flags of register A to determine whether the block flags are on or off.
User flags of the source block are off; therefore, logic step a is on.
RS3: Using System Flags and User Flags Introduction to Flags and Flag Logic
CB: 7-1-10
RS3: Using System Flags and User Flags Introduction to Flags and Flag Logic
CB: 7-2-1
Section 2:
Input and Output Block Flags
This section describes the input/output (I/O) flags, provides the I/O flag
bit representations, and explains how to test for I/O block flag values.
RS3: Using System Flags and User Flags Input and Output Block Flags
CB: 7-2-2
All of the linked information, including the system flags and user flags,
resides in the destination ControlBlock register.
You test I/O block system flags and user flags in the destination
ControlBlock logic steps to provide information about the I/O block.
However, flags d (valid data) and g (hold forward) can only be tested as
system flags of the destination ControlBlock. For all I/O block types
except PLCBs, all flags other than d and g must be tested as user flags
of the destination ControlBlock for I/O block alarm information and block
mode. For PLCBs, user flags cannot be tested. (For more information,
see Section 5.)
You test the user flags for output blocks by linking the output block to a
ControlBlock variable and testing it in the same manner as an input
block.
The ControlBlock also contains alarm information for the linked input.
Test the ControlBlock system flags a--c, e--f, and h--p for alarm
information about the linked input.
Linked information
I/O Block ControlBlock
System Flags
I/O Block: X.s.d, X.s.g from source I/O block
ControlBlock: All other system flags developed
in receiving ControlBlock
User Flags
X.u.a -- X.u.p (for the I/O block)
Block Value
RS3: Using System Flags and User Flags Input and Output Block Flags
CB: 7-2-3
Table 7.2.1 lists the bit representations and descriptions of I/O block
system flags. Table 7.2.2 through Table 7.2.10 list the bit
representations and descriptions of I/O block user flags.
NOTE: Each evaluation cycle, the ControlBlock clears the valid data
flag for all registers expecting information from linked blocks.
* When redundant controllers switch, valid data flag resets for one scan.
RS3: Using System Flags and User Flags Input and Output Block Flags
CB: 7-2-4
RS3: Using System Flags and User Flags Input and Output Block Flags
CB: 7-2-5
RS3: Using System Flags and User Flags Input and Output Block Flags
CB: 7-2-6
RS3: Using System Flags and User Flags Input and Output Block Flags
CB: 7-2-7
RS3: Using System Flags and User Flags Input and Output Block Flags
CB: 7-2-8
RS3: Using System Flags and User Flags Input and Output Block Flags
CB: 7-2-9
You can test for both the I/O block system flag values and user flag
values. The ControlBlock contains the I/O block system flags
d (valid data) and g (hold forward) and the ControlBlock link system
flags a--c, e--f, and h--p. The user flags contain the alarm status
information of the I/O block. Use the following sample expressions to
test for flags:
D X.s.d, Tests the status of I/O block system flags.
X.s.g
D X.s.z Where z=a--c, e--f, or h--p. Tests the status of a particular
ControlBlock linked input system flag. (For information on
I/O block system flags, see Table 7.2.1.)
D X.u Tests the status of all I/O block user flags.
D X.u.y Tests the status of a particular I/O block user flag.
NOTE: You cannot test PLCB user flags. For information about testing
for the PLCB alarm information, see Section 5.
Figure 7.2.2 shows a sample logic statement that tests whether the I/O
block hold forward flag (system flag g) is set. The I/O block is linked to
register C. If the hold forward flag is set, logic step a is on.
RS3: Using System Flags and User Flags Input and Output Block Flags
CB: 7-2-10
RS3: Using System Flags and User Flags Input and Output Block Flags
CB: 7-3-1
Section 3:
ControlBlock Flags
Transfer of Flags
You can test ControlBlock system flags and user flags in the destination
ControlBlock logic steps to provide information about the source
ControlBlock or the linked input of the destination ControlBlock.
You can also set ControlBlock user flags in the destination ControlBlock
logic steps to particular values, overwriting the information about the
source ControlBlock.
System Flags
When two ControlBlocks are linked together, system flags of the source
ControlBlock contain alarm information for the source register. System
flags of the destination ControlBlock contain alarm information for the
destination register, and valid data and hold forward information from
the source register.
Linked Linked
I/O Block Information Source Information Destination
ControlBlock ControlBlock
System Flags System Flags
I/O Block: Source CB:
Z.s.d, Z.s.g Z.s.d, Z.s.g
CB Link: Destination CB:
All others All others
User Flags
User Flags
Z.u.a -- Z.u.p Z.u.a -- Z.u.p
User Flags
When two ControlBlocks are linked together, the information in the user
flags depends on how the blocks are linked.
D If you link the registers of a destination ControlBlock (B.u) to the
continuous output of a source ControlBlock (Q.u), the user flags
at the destination ControlBlock contain the discrete output states
for Q. See Figure 7.3.2.
If the source ControlBlock has logic configured, this is the
information that is passed to the destination ControlBlock. If no
logic is configured, there may be no information contained in the
source ControlBlock user flags that can be passed on to the
destination ControlBlock.
D If you link the registers of a destination ControlBlock (B.u) to the
continuous input of a source ControlBlock (A.u), the user flags at
the destination ControlBlock contain the same information as the
user flags of the source ControlBlock input. See Figure 7.3.3.
Note that if the source ControlBlock is linked to an I/O block, the
source ControlBlock user flags contain alarm information from
the I/O block user flags.
=1A--2 =1A--2
=1AB102
Linked Source Linked Destination
CIB Block Information
Information ControlBlock ControlBlock
B Q B
System Flags System Flags
I/O Block: Q.u=$0000 Source CB: Register B
Z.s.d, Z.s.g (discrete output Z.s.d, Z.s.g
states) B.u=$0000
CB Link: Destination CB:
Q=50.00% All others B=50.00%
All others
Figure 7.3.2. Example of Continuous Output Flags Between Two Linked ControlBlocks
Figure 7.3.3. Example of Continuous Input Flags Between Two Linked ControlBlocks
Within a ControlBlock
System Flags
=1A--8
ControlBlock
Continuous Output
System Flags
Q.t.a -- Q.t.p:
Rate limit, mode, tracking
Continuous Output
System Flags
Q.v:
Alarm, mode
* These flags contain information about the source ControlBlock. All other
flags are developed in the destination ControlBlock based on events,
such as alarms or logic, that occur in the destination block.
(1) When redundant controllers switch, valid data flag resets for one scan.
l xxxx 1xxx xxxx xxxx Tracking flag VH (value is high lim for the output)
k xxxx x1xx xxxx xxxx Tracking flag VL (value is low lim for the output)
j xxxx xx1x xxxx xxxx Tracking flag QH (output must not go any higher)
i xxxx xxx1 xxxx xxxx Tracking flag QL (output must not go any lower)
h xxxx xxxx 1xxx xxxx Now—the block is evaluating this evaluation cycle
g xxxx xxxx x1xx xxxx Hold forward
f xxxx xxxx xx1x xxxx Logic active on the output
e xxxx xxxx xxx1 xxxx Tracking active
You can test for both the ControlBlock system flag values and user flag
values. Table 7.3.4 lists the ControlBlock flags for which you can test.
Input value alarms, logic, and tracking System flags, using Z.s, Z.s.x
ControlBlock flags from a information
continuous input
Source block discrete output values User flags, using Z.u, Z.u.x
ControlBlock
Discrete output values (logic steps) User flags, using Q.u
discrete outputs
You can test for the source ControlBlock system flags d (valid data) and
g (hold forward) or the destination ControlBlock input system flags a--c,
e--f, or h--p for alarm information. Use either of the following expressions
to test for system flags:
D Z.s Tests the status of all ControlBlock system flags
D Z.s.y Tests the status of a particular ControlBlock system flag
Figure 7.3.5 shows a sample logic statement that tests whether the
ControlBlock hold forward flag (system flag g) is on. The ControlBlock of
register A is tested for equality to 1, to determine whether hold forward
is active.
Figure 7.3.5. Testing the Status of System Flag g for Hold Forward Status
Figure 7.3.6 shows a sample logic statement that tests whether discrete
output e of the source ControlBlock is on. Logic step a tests for equality
to 1, to determine if user flag e of register A is on.
NOTE: If necessary, you can write logic to overwrite these flag values.
You can test a ControlBlock for its discrete outputs using user flags:
D Q.u Tests all of the user flags of all ControlBlock logic steps
a--p
D Q.u.x Tests the user flags of a particular ControlBlock logic
step
Figure 7.3.7 shows a sample logic statement that tests the output state
of output a (logic step a), turning the step on as configured.
Figure 7.3.8 shows a sample logic statement that tests the output state
of all outputs (except step a), turning the step on as configured.
NOTE: If desired, you can write logic to overwrite these flag values.
You can configure the ControlBlock system flags to test for the flags
within the ControlBlock:
D Q.v Tests all of the system flags of a ControlBlock (see
Table 7.3.3)
D Q.t.z Tests a particular system flag of a ControlBlock (see
Table 7.3.2)
Figure 7.3.9 shows a sample logic statement that tests the output
system flag a, manual mode, turning the step on as configured.
You can test, but not set, the ControlBlock discrete inputs @a through
@o, whether they are linked or not. Use the following sample
expression to test for discrete inputs:
D R.u Tests the discrete input state of all ControlBlock discrete
inputs @a--@o
R.u&$0002==$0002
Figure 7.3.10 shows sample logic statements that test the state of the
discrete inputs of a ControlBlock.
Figure 7.3.11 shows the sample logic statements that test the state of
the discrete inputs.
Result:
A.u.a=B.u.a&C.u.a
Conditional and—true if A.u.b=B.u.b&C.u.b
& both expressions are true; A.u=B.u&C.u .
false otherwise .
.
A.u.p=B.u.p&C.u.p
Result:
A.u.a=B.u.a|C.u.a
Conditional inclusive or—
true if either one A.u.b=B.u.b|C.u.b
| expression or another is A.u=B.u|C.u .
true, or both expressions .
are true; false otherwise
.
A.u.p=B.u.p|C.u.p
Section 4:
Console Flags
This section describes the console flags, provides the console flag bit
representations, and explains how to test for console flag values.
You can link a console node to a ControlBlock to test for console valid
data or alarm status information. Figure 7.4.1 shows the transfer of
system flag and user flag information when you link a console node to a
ControlBlock. All of the linked information resides in the ControlBlock
register.
Test system flags and user flags in the ControlBlock logic steps to
provide information about the console node. Flag d (valid data) can be
tested as a system flag. All other flags can be tested as user flags for
alarm status information.
System Flags
X.s.d
User Flags
X.u.a -- X.u.p
Table 7.4.1 lists and describes the console system flags and bit
representations. Table 7.4.2 lists the console user flags and bit
representations.
You can test for either the console node system flag d (valid data) or
any of the user flags, which contain alarm status information. Use any of
the following sample expressions to test for flags:
D X.s.d Tests the status of console system flag d for valid data
D X.u Tests the alarm status of all console user flags
D X.u.y Tests the alarm status of a particular console user flag
Figure 7.4.3 shows a sample logic statement that tests user flag l of
register E for equality to 1, to indicate whether an active hardware alarm
has been acknowledged.
Section 5:
Testing Block Status Bits
This section describes status bits, provides the system codes for testing
block status bits, and explains how status bits are used to test for block
conditions.
Because block status bits contain some of the same information as the
system flags, testing the status bits is an easy way to access these
system flags. The status bits for I/O blocks contain alarm information
and some of the system flags. The status bits for ControlBlocks contain
information such as the ControlBlock mode, output limits, and some of
the system flags.
RS3: Using System Flags and User Flags Testing Block Status Bits
CB: 7-5-2
Table 7.5.1 provides a list of the system codes for testing status bits of
all I/O Blocks, except PLCBs. Table 7.5.2 provides a list of the system
codes for testing status bits of PLCBs. Table 7.5.3 provides a list of the
system codes for testing status bits of ControlBlocks.
Code Description
?1 System flag b*
?2 System flag c*
?4 System flag e*
?6 System flag f*
?A System flag k*
?D System flag n*
RS3: Using System Flags and User Flags Testing Block Status Bits
CB: 7-5-3
Code Description
HL Not assigned
RS3: Using System Flags and User Flags Testing Block Status Bits
CB: 7-5-4
HF Hold forward
Block mode
must be linked to a continuous input
0=Local
MD 1=Manual
2=Auto
3=Remote
4=Computer
RS3: Using System Flags and User Flags Testing Block Status Bits
CB: 7-5-5
Write the logic to test a block status bit on the Discrete Links screen.
- To test the block status, type:
block tag / XX , where XX is the status bit code
For the system codes for testing block status bits, see the “Block Status
Bit Codes” earlier in this section.
Figure 7.5.1 shows a Discrete Links screen with the “Source” field
configured as TT101/HH. The figure shows that I/O block TT101 is
being tested to determine whether a hardware high alarm is currently
active in the block.
Figure 7.5.1 also shows the Discrete Diagram screen with a sample
logic statement for determining the status of the alarm. If @a=0, the
step is Off to indicate that the alarm is not active. If @a=1, the step is on
to indicate that the alarm is active.
RS3: Using System Flags and User Flags Testing Block Status Bits
CB: 7-5-6
RS3: Using System Flags and User Flags Testing Block Status Bits
CB: 7-6-1
Section 6:
Hints for Configuring Flags
This section provides tips that are helpful when configuring flags.
Configuration Tips
RS3: Using System Flags and User Flags Hints for Configuring Flags
CB: 7-6-2
RS3: Using System Flags and User Flags Hints for Configuring Flags
RS3t
ControlBlock Configuration Manual
Chapter 8:
Configuring Autotuning ControlBlocks
List of Figures
Figure Page
8.1.1 Autotuning ControlBlock as Part of a Control Loop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1-3
8.1.2 Autotuning ControlBlock Providing PID Parameters for Another
Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1-3
8.1.3 Accessing ATPID Screens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1-4
8.2.1 Autotuning ControlBlock Continuous Faceplate Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2-2
8.2.2 ATC Configuration Screen with General Configuration Information . . . 8-2-4
8.2.3 Example of How to Categorize a Process as Open Loop Stable
or Open Loop Unstable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2-7
8.2.4 ATC Configuration Screen with Detailed Configuration Information . . 8-2-8
8.2.5 “Loop Damping” Field Values and Various Loop Responses . . . . . . . . 8-2-12
8.2.6 Relationship Between “Loop Damping” and “Min Period” Fields . . . . . 8-2-13
8.2.7 Links Between an ATPID Block and a PID Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2-14
8.3.1 Enabling Autotuning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3-3
8.3.2 Creating a Setpoint Disturbance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3-5
8.3.3 Waiting for the Evaluation to Finish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3-7
8.3.4 Discrete Faceplate PID Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3-8
8.3.5 Entering New PID Values into the ATPID Block from the Discrete
Faceplate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3-9
8.3.6 Entering all PID Values into the Block at Once . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3-9
8.3.7 Entering PID Values into Nonvolatile Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3-11
8.5.1 ATPID Block Default Discrete Faceplate Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5-3
8.5.2 ATPID Block Default Continuous Links Screens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5-4
8.5.3 ATPID Block Default Discrete Links Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5-5
List of Tables
Table Page
8.2.1 ATC Configuration Screen General Configuration Information Fields 8-2-5
8.2.2 ATC Configuration Screen Detailed Configuration Information Fields 8-2-9
8.4.1 ATPID Event Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4-1
8.5.1 Autotuning ControlBlock Evaluation States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5-2
8.5.2 Special ATPID Discrete Faceplate Screen Entries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5-3
Section 1:
Autotuning Overview
Autotuning
Field Field
Input Block ControlBlock Output Block
Device Device
(ATPID)
Figure 8.1.2. Autotuning ControlBlock Providing PID Parameters for Another Block
[PAGE BACK]
ATPID Block ATPID Block ATC ATPID Block ATC Next Block
Continuous Configuration Diagnostics Continuous
Faceplate Screen Screen Screen Faceplate Screen
Section 2:
Configuring Autotuning
Figure 8.2.1 shows the Continuous Faceplate screen for the ATPID
ControlBlock. The ATPID block is the same as the PID block except for
the following items:
D The block function type is ATPID.
D There is no “Opt” field (and no PID options such as gap, ratio, or
bias).
D The “PI Act” and “D Act” fields are not enterable.
D The “Prop Band”, “Integ Time”, and “Deriv Time” values appear
differently. The use of these values is explained in Section 3.
D The controller action (Reverse or Direct) must match the loop to
be tuned.
D The block mode must be set to AUTO.
Figure 8.2.2 shows the ATC Configuration screen with only general
information. The highlighted field (“Open Loop Stable”) should be
configured before using the Autotuning ControlBlock. This field blinks
until configured.
Table 8.2.1. ATC Configuration Screen General Configuration Information Fields (continued)
Up to 16
alphanumeric
Specifies the block tag. This field is the same as the “Tag” characters, at least
Tag
field on the Continuous Faceplate screen. one of which must be
an alphabetical
character.
You use the “Open Loop Stable” field to categorize the process as open
loop stable or open loop unstable. The ATPID block uses different
algorithms, depending on whether the process is configured as open
loop stable or open loop unstable. Figure 8.2.3 shows an example of a
way to categorize the process.
D If the loop is open loop stable, select “Open Loop StableÞyes”.
D If the loop is open loop unstable, select “Open Loop StableÞno”.
FIC-100 FIC-100
GPM GPM
72.04 72.04
72.00 72.00
1. As an example, a
PID controller for a
loop is put into
MANUAL mode. 60.00
50.00
2. The output is raised
to introduce a
%DEMAND disturbance to the %DEMAND
process. MANUAL
MANUAL
Figure 8.2.3. Example of How to Categorize a Process as Open Loop Stable or Open Loop Unstable
Table 8.2.2. ATC Configuration Screen Detailed Configuration Information Fields (continued)
Table 8.2.2. ATC Configuration Screen Detailed Configuration Information Fields (continued)
You use the “Loop Damping” field to specify the desired response curve
of the loop to a disturbance. When the ATPID block performs an
autotuning evaluation, it attempts to calculate PID parameters so that
the loop response to a disturbance matches the value entered in the
“Loop Damping” field. It may take several evaluations to obtain the
desired response.
The value entered in the “Loop Damping” field can range from 0 to 1. A
value of 0 represents sustained oscillation. A value of 1 represents
overdamping. Figure 8.2.5 shows response curves for varying “Loop
Damping” field values.
Loop DampingÞ0.0
Loop DampingÞ0.2
Loop DampingÞ0.4
Loop DampingÞ0.6
Loop DampingÞ1.0
NOTE: If an overdamped process with a fast
response time is desired, configure Loop
DampingÞ0.0 and use the “Minimum Period” field to
tune the loop.
Figure 8.2.5. “Loop Damping” Field Values and Various Loop Responses
You use the “Minimum Period” field to limit the speed of the loop
response to a disturbance. The “Minimum Period” field can also be used
to limit wear on the loop output device. Figure 8.2.6 shows an example
of how the “Loop Damping” and “Minimum Period” fields are used by
the ATPID block.
Figure 8.2.6. Relationship Between “Loop Damping” and “Min Period” Fields
CB CONTINUOUS LINKS
Function ATPID
INPUT SOURCE
PV PID/A
LS PID/B
RS
FF
E
F
G
CB CONTINUOUS LINKS
Function PID The ATPID parameters are
then used for the PID block.
INPUT SOURCE
H
I CB CONTINUOUS FACEPLATE
J
K Function PID
L ATPID/L
M ATPID/M
N ATPID/N Cont Gain®L Integ Time®M Deriv Time®N
O
Section 3:
Operating an Autotuning ControlBlock
2. Enable Autotuning
- To enable autotuning:
D Cursor to the top line of the discrete faceplate and press [ENTER].
The line changes from “>AutoTune” to “>AUTOTUNE”
to show that autotuning is enabled.
SUPERVISORY
COMPUTER
>50.00
You can also change the
setpoint by pressing the
DEMAND [LSP/B] button,
60.54 LSP R
60.00 typing a new setpoint at the B E
top of the continuous M
faceplate, and pressing RATIO O
[ENTER]. BIAS T
E
AUTO
19.20
OUTPUT
%OPEN
OPERATOR
AUTO
Displays a short description of the results of the autotuning evaluation. If more than one
message is active for an evaluation, the highest priority message is displayed. The
messages are listed in priority order.
Aborted= The evaluation was aborted.
Oscillation Detected= Oscillations in the process triggered the ATPID oscillation
watchdog. The PID parameters may have been changed in
response to the oscillation.
Param Limit Exceeded= The evaluation was successful and new PID parameters
may have been calculated. However, one or more of the
parameters may exceed the specified tuning limits.
Successful= The evaluation was successful and new PID parameters
may have been calculated.
No New PID Changes= The evaluation was successful and the process response
was within user-specified parameters. No new PID values
have been calculated.
You can enter new PID values on the ATC Configuration screen with the
discrete faceplate (as shown in Figure 8.3.5) or with the “Enter All
Constants” field (as shown in Figure 8.3.6).
If the ATPID is part of the control loop (as in Figure 8.1.1), the new
values will be used for subsequent evaluation.
If the ATPID is tuning another block (as in Figure 8.1.2), the new values
will be automatically entered into the PID block if L, M, and N are linked.
You must enter the new values into the PID block if L, M, and N are not
linked.
>AUTOTUNE
>adj.gain
Current controller gain value xx
Gain
New controller gain value xx
NewGain
>adj. Ti
xx Current integral time value
Ti Sec
xx New integral time value
New Ti
>adj. Td
Current derivative time value xx
Td Sec
New derivative time value xx
New Td
>AUTOTUNE
To enter the new controller gain value, >adj.gain
cursor to this line and press [ENTER]. xxxxxx
Gain
xxxxxx
New Gain
To enter the new integral time value, >adj. Ti
cursor to this line and press [ENTER]. xxxxxx
Ti Sec
xxxxxx
New Ti
To enter the new derivative time value, >adj. Td
cursor to this line and press [ENTER]. xxxxxx
Td Sec
xxxxxx
New Td
Figure 8.3.5. Entering New PID Values into the ATPID Block from the Discrete Faceplate
Figure 8.3.6. Entering all PID Values into the Block at Once
6. Repeat Disturbances
If the ATPID block is part of the control loop, follow these steps. If you
are using the ATPID block to tune another block, follow the steps in
section “7b. Disconnect ATPID Block and Resume Normal Operations”.
In a PID ControlBlock, the PID values are always stored in nonvolatile
memory. In an ATPID ControlBlock, however, the newly calculated PID
values are not stored in nonvolatile memory, even after entering the new
values into the block (step 5). The ATPID block requires you to enter
new PID values into nonvolatile memory manually.
This ATPID characteristic affects you in the following instances:
D If disk and tape operations are performed (for example, saving a
configuration), the PID values in nonvolatile memory are used for
the block.
D If the Controller Processor is restarted, the block is restarted with
the PID values that were stored in nonvolatile memory. The other
PID values in the ATPID block are lost.
Figure 8.3.7 shows how to enter PID values into nonvolatile memory.
The left number is the The right number is the To enter a PID value into
value stored in nonvolatile value currently being used nonvolatile memory, cursor
memory. by the block. to the value and press
[ENTER].
If you are using the ATPID block to tune another block, follow these
steps. If the ATPID block is part of the control loop, follow the steps in
section “7a. Enter Final PID Values into Nonvolatile Memory”.
When you are satisfied with the response used for the last evaluation,
follow these steps:
1. If you used L, M, and N to bring PID values to the tuned block,
enter the gain, integral time, and derivative time on the tuned
block faceplate. This will replace links L, M, and N.
2. If you used L, M, and N to bring PID values to the tuned block,
delete the ATPID L, M, and N links from the Block Links screen of
the tuned block.
3. If you previously changed the local setpoint to operator entry,
re-establish the local setpoint link to the tuned block.
4. Delete the PV and LS of the tuned block from the ATPID.
Section 4:
Autotune Event Messages
This section lists the event messages that can appear as a result of
autotuning evaluations. You assign autotune event messages to an
event type with the “Event Type” field on the ATC Configuration screen.
You assign event types to event lists on the Event List Configuration
screen. For more information about event lists, see CC: 7.
Computed Derivative Time The ATPID calculated a new derivative time parameter.
Computed Integral Time The ATPID calculated a new integral time parameter.
Section 5:
Reference Information
Message Pairs
Pause Waiting for evaluation cycle time to expire and for deviation to
be near zero.
Figure 8.5.1 shows the ATPID block default Discrete Faceplate screen.
Table 8.5.2 lists special ATPID entries for the screen.
Figure 8.5.2 shows the default ATPID block Continuous Links screens.
Figure 8.5.3 shows the ATPID block default Discrete Links screen.
Chapter 9:
Data Compression
List of Figures
Figure Page
9.1.1 Zero Slope Compression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1-3
9.1.2 Backward Slope Compression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1-4
9.2.1 Data Compression, Storage, and Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2-2
9.3.1 Moving Among Data Compression Screens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3-2
9.3.2 Data Compression Block Continuous Faceplate Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3-4
9.3.3 Analog Compressor Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3-6
9.3.4 Discrete Compressor Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3-11
List of Tables
Table Page
9.2.1 Retry Rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2-9
9.3.1 Fields on Data Compression Block Continuous Faceplate Screen . . . 9-3-5
9.3.2 Fields on Analog Compressor Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3-7
9.3.3 Fields on Discrete Compressor Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3-12
Section 1:
Introduction to Data Compression
Because the data points are not produced at regularly spaced intervals,
each point is stored with a date-time stamp. The data points and their
date-time stamps are used by process historians and supervisory
control computers to monitor and control the process.
The zero slope compression method does not always result in the most
efficient data compression when used alone. An example is the case of
a large tank filling slowly. The zero slope algorithm records a value each
time the level rises above the deviation limits, as though many small
changes were taking place. The change in level could be described just
as accurately by a straight line with two values to mark the start and
completion of filling.
(1) Bader, F.P, and T.W. Tucker. Data Compression Applied to a Chemical Plant Using a Distributed Data
Historian. ISA Transactions, Vol. 26, No. 4.
Hale, John C., and Harold L. Sellars. Historical Data Recording for Process Computers. Chemical
Engineering Progress, Nov. 1981.
+
.
Reconstructed data
. .
+
.
+ . . .
.
+ . . .
. .
. Sample data
Sample data
Deviation limits . Recorded data
Backward Slope
Projection
Reconstructed data
. ´
. . .
Deviation limits .
.
´
.
. ´ .
. . . Sample data
Combined Algorithm
Discrete data from a set of user flags can also be compressed, but the
algorithm does not work by means of deviation limits. Instead, the
algorithm checks to see if any of the user flags you indicated for a given
input have changed state since the last recorded value. If any have
changed, new values are recorded, together with a date-time stamp.
To compress discrete data from a single user flag, use a logic step to
generate an event message. For more information, see Chapter 6,
Section 2.
Compression Ratio
The higher the compression ratio, the more efficient the compression
algorithm. For example, with a compression ratio of 1, 1 data point is
stored for each scan, so no compression is taking place. However, with
a compression ratio of 30, 1 data point is stored for every 30 scans.
The compression ratios for the compressors you configure are shown
on the screens in a Data Compression block. The screens also let you
configure alarms and cutoff points to change the action of the
compressor if the ratio becomes too low. For descriptions of the data
compression screens, see Section 3.
Section 2:
How the System Compresses Data
Overview
From the RNI or VAX nodes, historians and supervisory computers have
access to the compressed data. The RNI or VAX nodes must be
configured to accept the compressed data. For information on the RNI
and VAX nodes, see RNI Programmer’s Reference Manual and
RMT/host User’s Manual.
Figure 9.2.1 shows how events are generated, stored, and transmitted
to RNI or VAX nodes.
Controller Coordinator
Processor
Eligible
RNI or VAX
Node
Buffer for Message PeerWay
Event Storage Interface
Eligible
RNI or VAX
Node
Events
Eligible
DCB RNI or VAX
Node
Compressor(s) Eligible
RNI or VAX
Node
Linked
PeerWay
Input
An event includes the data point address, the value, and a date-time
stamp. For the exact data structure of an event, see RNI Programmer’s
Reference Manual.
Deadbands
You set the deadbands in the “Zero Slope Deadband” and “Backward
Slope Deadband” fields. Both deadbands are configured in the
engineering units of the point being compressed and represent the
positive or negative deviation from the previously recorded value that
defines the extent of the deadband.
Forced Events
You can cause the compressor to generate an event without testing the
input against the compression algorithms. There are two ways to force
the generation of events:
D Use a logic step output or discrete input to trigger an event.
You configure this trigger in the “Snapshot Input” field for either
an analog or discrete compressor. If you use the same logic step
output to trigger the compressors for a group of related variables,
you can ensure that you get events with the same date-time
stamp for each of the variables.
D Force an event to be generated after a given time limit. You
configure the maximum time that can pass without recording an
event in the “Time Limit” field for either an analog or discrete
compressor.
For information on the “Snapshot Input” and “Time Limit” fields, see
Section 3.
On/Off Switch
You can use either a logic step or a discrete input as the switch. When
the logic step or discrete input is off, the compressor does not generate
events. If you do not configure a switch, the default value in the field is
“None”, meaning the compressor is always on.
To compress only data related to a Batch process, you can use a Batch
script to turn this switch on and off in order to start and stop a
compressor.
In the case of a process upset, you may want to reduce the number of
events generated after the upset occurs in order to reduce PeerWay
traffic. The system uses a compression ratio cutoff as the trigger to
begin generating fewer events. You set the cutoff in the “CR Cutoff” field
at a ratio that shows you the process is becoming erratic.
When the compression ratio falls below the cutoff, the system widens
the deadbands by a factor of 10. It continues to use these adjusted
deadbands until it is reset. The “Compression Status”, “Zero Slope
Deadband”, “Backward Slope Deadband”, and “State” fields all indicate
that the adjusted deadbands are in use.
If you want a critical alarm to occur when the cutoff is reached, you
configure it in the “Cutoff Crit Alarm” field. You can also configure an
advisory alarm to occur before the cutoff in the “CR Advisory Alarm”
field.
To reset all compressors in the block which have had their deadbands
widened (and clear the critical alarms), you use a logic step output or
discrete input. You configure the reset in the “Reset Input” field on the
Continuous Faceplate.
An event includes the data point address, the states of the flags, and a
date-time stamp. For the exact data structure of an event, see the RNI
Programmer’s Reference Manual.
Masking
Not all of the 16 user flags of an input must be compressed. You may
decide that only some of the flags are of interest to you. In this case,
you use the “Mask” field to configure the flags that will not be
compressed.
When some flags are masked, the compressor compares only the
unmasked flags to those in the last event recorded. If the state of any of
the unmasked flags changed, an event is generated. The event
contains the true state of all flags, regardless of the mask.
In the “Mask” field, each hexadecimal digit represents the sum of four
single-bit flags:
F F F F
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
p o n m l k j i h g f e d c b a
When the compression ratio falls below the cutoff, the compressor
generates only every tenth event. For the other nine, it counts without
generating an event. It continues to use this adjusted pattern until it is
reset. The “Compression Status” and “State” fields indicate that the
adjusted pattern is in use.
To reset all compressors in the block (and clear the critical alarms), you
use a logic step output or discrete input. You configure the reset in the
“Reset Input” field on the Continuous Faceplate.
After the events are generated, they are stored in a controller buffer. A
number of events are allowed to build up in the buffer and then sent out
as a group. Sending groups of events conserves PeerWay transmission
capacity.
When one of these two conditions is met, all the events in the buffer are
sent. The size limit and time limit are not configurable.
Size Limit
Up to 84 events can be included in one message.
Time Limit
The time limits for events to be stored correspond to the type of data
selected on the Continuous Faceplate:
For more information on how to select the type of data, see Section 3.
Event packages are sent to destination nodes that are either RNIs or
VAXes. Each destination node holds the events in a buffer when they
are received.
Eligible Gateways
The controller looks for eligible RNIs and VAXes to send the event
packages. Only the four lowest-numbered RNI and/or VAX nodes
selected for the node in the Configure Alarm Broadcast (CAB) screen
are eligible to receive transmissions. To designate a node to receive the
event packages, you must go to the CAB screen and select the
appropriate nodes. For information on calling up the CAB screen and
selecting nodes, see CC: 6-1.
If you wish, you can exclude one or more of the four eligible nodes from
receiving events from certain DCBs. However, excluding any of the four
nodes does not allow transmission of events to additional nodes; the
first four are the only nodes that can be eligible. For information on
configuring excluded nodes, see Section 3.
Retry Rates
The controller does not stop attempting to send the event package
unless the node disappears or becomes ineligible to receive messages.
Data compression can produce three possible alarms, two that are
related to the compression ratio and one that is related to the storage
buffer.
Compression Ratio
Storage Buffer
For information on event storage, see “How Events are Stored” in this
section.
Section 3:
Configuring Compressors in a Data Compression
Block
This section includes the basic steps you take to configure compressors
in a Data Compression block, descriptions of the screens that are
unique to the Data Compression block, and figures and tables that
describe the fields on each of the screens.
Most of the screens in a Data Compression block are the same screens
used for configuring any ControlBlock. The screens that are unique to a
Data Compression block include:
D Continuous Faceplate
D Compressor No. N (up to 16 compressors per block, configured
as analog or discrete)
[PAGE AHEAD]
[PAGE BACK]
Compressor
No. 2
[PAGE AHEAD]
[PAGE BACK]
.
Up to 16 compressors
can be configured for .
each DCB. .
[PAGE AHEAD]
[PAGE BACK]
Compressor
No. N
(last configured
compressor) [PAGE AHEAD]
Basic Steps
Use the following basic steps when you configure a Data Compression
Block. Illustrations of the specific screens you need and descriptions of
the fields on the screens are included in the following sections.
1. When you first configure the ControlBlock, select “DCB (Data
Compression Block)” as the block function.
2. On the Continuous Faceplate screen, enter the number of
compressors you need, up to 16.
3. On the Continuous Faceplate screen, enter additional
parameters that apply to all compressors in the block, including:
— An input to reset the compressors
— Nodes that should not receive events from this block (as
needed)
4. On each compressor page, configure the following:
— Data type: slow (analog for historian), fast (analog for
supervisory computer), or discrete
— Point to compress: a link to bring in data from another block
— Software switches to turn compression on or off (as needed)
— Compression deadbands, cutoff, and alarms (as needed)
5. To run a DCB when you are finished configuring it, ensure the
block mode is “AUTO” and the controller status is “NORMAL”.
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
Number of
Conf The number of compressors configured for this block. 1-16
Compressors
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
The time window (in seconds) over which the compression 32, 40, 64, 80,
ratio is calculated for the compression ratio cutoff test. 128, 160, 256,
Compression 320, 512, 640,
Conf You use this parameter to control the sensitivity of your
Ratio Window 1024, 1280, 2048,
compression ratio. For more information on analog event 2560, 4092, 5120,
throttling and compression ratio cutoff, see Section 2. 8192
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
Up to 32
Descriptor Conf Text you enter to identify the compressor.
characters
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
The time window (in seconds) over which the compression 32, 40, 64, 80,
ratio is calculated for the compression ratio cutoff test. 128, 160, 256,
Compression 320, 512, 640,
Conf You use this parameter to control the sensitivity of your
Ratio Window 1024, 1280, 2048,
compression ratio. For more information on discrete event 2560, 4092, 5120,
throttling and compression ratio cutoff, see Section 2. 8192
Up to 32
Descriptor Conf Text you enter to identify the compressor.
characters
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
Access
Field Description Allowable Entries
Level
Section 4:
Hints for Configuring Data Compressors
RS3t
ControlBlock Configuration Manual
Index
Clear logic statement, 6-3-3, 6-3-6– 6-3-7 transfer of flags, 7-4-1– 7-4-2
COB user flags, 7-4-3
system flags, 7-2-3 console node, linking to a ControlBlock, 7-4-2
user flags, 7-2-5 Cont Gain field, Continuous Faceplate, 2-2-16
codes for testing status bits Continuous Diagram screen, 1-1-8, 1-2-6, 4-2-1–
ControlBlock, 7-5-4 4-2-7
input/output blocks, 7-5-2 calling up, 4-2-3
PLCB, 7-5-3 configuration hints, 4-3-1– 4-3-2
comments in logic statements, 6-3-25 Q page, 4-1-8
Comp SP ControlBlock Mode, 2-1-9 screen fields, 4-2-4– 4-2-7
compression deadbands, Data Compression block, troubleshooting, 4-3-1
9-2-3 Continuous Faceplate screen, 1-1-8, 2-1-1– 2-1-12
compression ratio calling up, 2-1-3
alarms, 9-2-10 common fields, 2-1-10– 2-1-12
cutoff, 9-2-5, 9-2-7, 9-2-10 configuring, 2-1-5– 2-1-7
defined, 9-1-7 Data Compression block, 9-3-4– 9-3-5
compression ratio cutoff continuous functions, 1-1-5
analog event compression, 9-2-5 continuous input, 1-2-5
discrete event compression, 9-2-7 alarms, 4-1-4– 4-1-5
Compression Ratio field display scaling, 3-2-14– 3-2-15
Analog Compressor screen, 9-3-7 sources, 3-2-8
Discrete Compressor screen, 9-3-12 Continuous Links screen, 1-1-8, 1-2-5, 3-2-1–
Compression Ratio Window field 3-2-15
Analog Compressor screen, 9-2-5, 9-3-7 calling up, 3-2-3
Discrete Compressor screen, 9-2-7, 9-3-12 configuring logic, 6-1-2– 6-1-3
Compression Status field, Continuous Faceplate default screen and fields, 3-2-5– 3-2-7
screen, 9-2-5, 9-2-7, 9-3-5 displaying out-of-range values, 3-2-12– 3-2-13
Compressor field scaling of continuous inputs, 3-2-12– 3-2-15
Analog Compressor screen, 9-3-7 continuous output, 1-2-6
Discrete Compressor screen, 9-3-12 alarms, 4-1-8
Computer (DDC) motor controller block mode, continuous variable value or units, displaying on
2-4-5 discrete faceplate, 5-2-7– 5-2-8
Computer (DDC) valve controller block mode, continuous variables, in logic statements, 6-3-18,
2-4-41 6-3-24
Conditions field, Discrete Diagram screen, 6-2-5 control loop
conditions logic statement cascade, 2-2-25– 2-2-33
configuring, 6-3-2– 6-3-7 feedback, 2-2-20
Emulation logic statement, 6-3-4– 6-3-5 role of ControlBlock, 1-1-2
Set/Clear logic statement, 6-3-6– 6-3-7 scaling, 1-1-3
screen area for configuration, 6-3-3 Control Type field, ControlFile Status screen,
types, 6-3-1 3-4-14
configuration constraints, 3-4-1– 3-4-25 ControlBlock
free space and idle time considerations, 3-4-27 addresses, 1-1-4
HIA links, 3-4-10– 3-4-12 AOB tracking situations, 2-2-24
number of ControlFile links, 3-4-5– 3-4-7 Autotuning, 8-1-2– 8-1-5, 8-2-1– 8-2-14, 8-3-1–
number of Controller Processor links, 3-4-2– 8-3-12, 8-4-1– 8-4-3, 8-5-1– 8-5-5
3-4-4 changing or testing operating modes, 6-4-22–
number of PeerWay links, 3-4-8– 3-4-12 6-4-25
configured blocks, identifying, 1-3-2– 1-3-3 configuration hints, 1-4-1
configuring ControlBlocks configuration screens, 1-1-8
hints, 1-4-1 access arrows, 1-1-12
troubleshooting, 1-4-1 navigating, 1-1-9
configuring Data Compression blocks continuous inputs, 1-2-5
basic steps, 9-3-3 continuous outputs, 1-2-6
hints, 9-4-1 definition, 1-1-1– 1-1-13
configuror arrow, 1-1-12 discrete inputs, 1-2-3
console flags, 7-4-1– 7-4-4 discrete outputs, 1-2-4
bit representations, 7-4-3 faceplate screen, 1-1-6
linking a console to a ControlBlock, 7-4-2 functional diagram, 1-2-2
system flags, 7-4-3 inputs, 1-2-1
testing values, 7-4-4 modes, 2-1-9
discrete, 3-3-6– 3-3-7 Left Program NVM Free field, ControlFile Status
input types, 1-2-1– 1-2-6 screen, 3-4-16
input/output block flags, 7-2-1– 7-2-8 Left Program NVM Soft Count field, ControlFile
AIB, 7-2-3, 7-2-4 Status screen, 3-4-16
AOB, 7-2-3, 7-2-4 linked blocks, transfer of data between, 7-1-2–
CIB, 7-2-3, 7-2-5 7-1-3, 7-3-2– 7-3-5
COB, 7-2-3, 7-2-5 links
DIB, 7-2-3, 7-2-5 between PeerWays, 3-1-6, 3-4-1, 3-4-10
DOB, 7-2-3, 7-2-5 block, 3-1-1– 3-1-6, 3-3-1– 3-3-7, 3-4-1–
HOB, 7-2-3, 7-2-7 3-4-25
hold forward flag information, 7-6-1– 7-6-2 block output packet, 3-4-25
MIB, 7-2-3, 7-2-6 configuration hints, 3-4-23– 3-4-26, 3-5-1–
PIOB, 7-2-3, 7-2-6 3-5-4
SIB, 7-2-3, 7-2-7 ControlFile links available, 3-4-1
system flags, 7-2-3 ControlFile Links screen, 3-4-19– 3-4-20
testing values, 7-2-9 Controller Processor, 3-1-3– 3-1-4
TIB, 7-2-3, 7-2-8 definition, 3-1-1
transfer of flags, 7-2-2 examples, 3-1-1
user flags, 7-2-4– 7-2-7 HIA, 3-4-10, 3-4-12
valid data flag information, 7-6-1– 7-6-2 indicators, 3-4-13, 3-4-19– 3-4-20
input/output block status bit codes, 7-5-2 into and out of ControlFiles, 3-1-5, 3-4-1,
Inputs field 3-4-5– 3-4-7
ATC Configuration screen, 8-2-5 into and out of Controller Processors, 3-1-4,
Continuous Faceplate screen, 2-1-11 3-4-1– 3-4-4
Integ Time field, Continuous Faceplate screen, into and out of PeerWays, 3-4-1, 3-4-8
2-2-15 introduction, 3-1-1– 3-1-6
Setpoint Totalizer function, 2-3-49– 2-3-50 paths, 3-1-3– 3-1-6
Stack Totalizer function, 2-3-53– 2-3-54 PeerWay links available, 3-4-1, 3-4-8
integral bilinear function, 2-2-6 tracing to a destination block, 3-4-21– 3-4-22
integral term, 2-2-4, 2-2-6 troubleshooting, 3-5-1– 3-5-2
integral windup, 2-2-7 using fewer links, 3-4-23– 3-4-26
Internal Monitor fields viewing ControlFile links available, 3-4-19–
Analog Compressor screen, 9-3-8 3-4-20
Discrete Compressor screen, 9-3-13 within Controller Processor, 3-1-3, 3-4-1– 3-4-2
internal scaling, 1-1-3, 3-2-9– 3-2-11 Load Trig Mag field, ATC Configuration screen,
Invalid link alarm, 3-2-4 8-2-9
Inverted field, Continuous Faceplate screen, Math, Local ControlBlock Mode, 2-1-9
2-3-18 Local Inhib field, ControlFile Status screen, 3-4-17
Local motor controller block mode, effect on, 2-4-5
Local valve controller block mode, effect on, 2-4-41
J Log field, Discrete Diagram screen, 6-2-10
logic statement
applications, 6-3-26– 6-3-31
Jumper Code field, ControlFile Status screen, change/test ControlBlock op. mode, 6-4-22–
3-4-15 6-4-25
change/test Controller Processor op. mode,
6-4-26– 6-4-29
L Clear, 6-3-3, 6-3-6– 6-3-7
combining expressions, 6-3-23
comments in, 6-3-25
lag effect on block output, 2-3-12 configuring, 6-3-1– 6-3-31
Lag Time 1 field, Continuous Faceplate, 2-3-15 continuous variables, 6-3-18
Lag Time 2 field, Continuous Faceplate, 2-3-15 count function, 6-4-3– 6-4-4
lead effect on block output, 2-3-13 delay function, 6-4-5– 6-4-6
Lead Time field, Continuous Faceplate, 2-3-15 discrete variables, 6-3-19
Lead/Lag function, 2-3-1, 2-3-10– 2-3-15 duty function, 6-4-7– 6-4-11
configuring, 2-3-14 Emulation, 6-3-3, 6-3-4– 6-3-5
diagram, 2-3-10 enba function, 6-4-32– 6-4-33
used with feedforward, 2-3-10 examples, 6-3-24
Left CP: Boot field, ControlFile Status screen, Fall, 6-3-16– 6-3-17
3-4-15 functions, 6-4-1– 6-4-37
if?then:else function, 6-4-34– 6-4-35 Mask field, Discrete Compressor screen, 9-2-6,
ifstand function, 6-4-26– 6-4-27 9-3-13
inha function, 6-4-32– 6-4-33 masking, discrete events, 9-2-6
inhibit function, 6-4-30– 6-4-31 Math function, 2-3-1, 2-3-17– 2-3-28
list of functions, 6-4-1– 6-4-2 calculating sum of flows example, 2-3-24–
mathematical and logical operators, 6-3-20– 2-3-26
6-3-22 Continuous Faceplate screen, 2-3-17
mode n function, 6-4-24– 6-4-25 Continuous Links screen, 2-3-19
Off, 6-3-12– 6-3-13 equations, 2-3-19
On, 6-3-10– 6-3-11 temperature--correcting air flow measurement
order of precedence, 6-3-23 example, 2-3-21– 2-3-23
period function, 6-4-7– 6-4-11 tracking example, 2-3-27– 2-3-28
ramp function, 6-4-16– 6-4-17 mathematical operators, 6-3-20– 6-3-22
Rise, 6-3-14– 6-3-15 Max Change Mult field, ATC Configuration screen,
Set, 6-3-3, 6-3-6– 6-3-7 8-2-5
setmode n function, 6-4-22– 6-4-23 Max Gain field, Continuous Faceplate screen
setuauto function, 6-4-20– 6-4-21 Math function, 2-3-18, 2-3-27
setuman function, 6-4-20– 6-4-21 Piecewise Linear Interpolator function, 2-3-31
snorm function, 6-4-28– 6-4-29 Polynomial function, 2-3-35
sstand function, 6-4-28– 6-4-29 tracking, 2-3-27
time function, 6-4-18– 6-4-19 Maximum Deriv Time field, ATC Configuration
timer function, 6-4-12– 6-4-13 screen, 8-2-5
treset function, 6-4-37 Maximum Gain field, ATC Configuration screen,
variables, 6-3-18– 6-3-19 8-2-5
wait function, 6-4-14– 6-4-15 message pair, 5-2-11– 5-2-12
writing, 6-3-18– 6-3-24 MIB
logic steps system flags, 7-2-3
changing mode, 6-4-20– 6-4-21 user flags, 7-2-6
configuration hints, 6-5-1– 6-5-4 Minimum Integ Tim field, ATC Configuration screen,
evaluation process, 6-1-4– 6-1-6 8-2-6
flag notation for, 7-1-4– 7-1-8 Minimum Period field, ATC Configuration screen,
generating an alarm or event, 6-2-7– 6-2-11 8-2-9, 8-2-13, 8-3-4
order of, 6-1-4 Mode field
screens used, 6-1-2– 6-1-3 Block Directory screen, 1-3-3
troubleshooting, 6-5-1– 6-5-2 Block Status screen, 1-3-5
logical operators, 6-3-20– 6-3-22 Discrete Diagram screen, 6-2-6
Loop Damping field, ATC Configuration screen, mode n function, 6-4-24– 6-4-25
8-2-9, 8-2-12, 8-3-4 motor controller functions, 2-4-3– 2-4-39
Low Cutoff field, Continuous Faceplate screen common features, 2-4-3
Setpoint Totalizer function, 2-3-49 DASMC, 2-4-14– 2-4-23
Stack Totalizer function, 2-3-53 DDDMC, 2-4-31– 2-4-38
Low Lim field, Continuous Faceplate screen DDSMC, 2-4-23– 2-4-30
bias, 2-2-37, 2-3-40 discrete motor, 2-4-3
ratio, 2-2-35, 2-3-40 DMC, 2-4-6– 2-4-13
setpoint, 2-2-16 effect of block, 2-4-5
LS--PV Track field, 2-2-27, 2-2-30 preconfigured, 2-4-3
cascade control loop, 2-2-27 unconfigured, 2-4-4
Continuous Faceplate screen, 2-2-15 Msg field, Discrete Links screen, 3-3-5
MsgP field, Discrete Diagram screen, 6-2-6
M N
major ControlBlock functions, 1-1-5– 1-1-7 Next Reset field, Continuous Faceplate screen,
changing, 1-1-7 2-3-53
configuring, 1-1-7 No of Inputs field, Continuous Faceplate screen,
manipulating ControlBlock flags, 7-3-18 Signal Selector function, 2-3-44
Manual ControlBlock Mode, 2-1-9 Node Address field, ControlFile Status screen,
Manual function (MAN), 2-3-1, 2-3-16 3-4-17
Manual motor controller block mode, effect on, nonlinear functions, 2-3-29– 2-3-37
2-4-5 norate function, 6-4-2