Biology ch 2,3,4 and 5

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1. the ability of an organism to survive tolerance 21. How do severe crown fires and less ground fires can
biotic or abiotic factors is called severe ground fires affect the benefit trees
environment
2. A____is a group of interacting populations biological
in a particular area community 22. How is a boreal forest different The ground remains
from tundra? warmer in boreal
3. A_____ is any environmental factor that density-
forests
depends on populaion numbers dependent
factors 23. How is carbon released from by a process of
Calcium carbonate erosion
4. A___ is a treeless biome with a layer of tundra
permantley frozen soil called permafrost 24. How is habitat fragmentation fragmentation causes
different than habitat destruction habitat to be divided
5. A____ is consists mostly of broad-leaved, temperate forest
into parts
deciduous trees
25. how would a population decrease in 3rd level consumer
6. The average weather conditions affecting climate
primary consumers affect the populations would
a biome is called
ecosystem eventually decrease
7. a biotic or abiotic factor that restricts the limiting factor
26. The idea that forests should be aesthetic value
numbers of organisms is an ecosystem is
preserved because of their beauty
called a
refers to
8. a ____ collects energy from sunlight or autotroph
27. An increase in population growth increases
inorganic substances to produce food
___ the need for natural resources
9. A condition in which 2 or more organisms mutalism for survival
live closely together and benefit each
28. in recent years, the human slowed
other is called
population has
10. Each step in a food chain or food web is trophic level
29. A ____ is a model representing food web
called a
energy flow and interconnected
11. An event in which a large % of all mass extinction food chains in an ecosystem
species become extinct is called
30. A ______ is an area where the annual desert
12. The excessive use of species that have overexploitation rate of evaporation exceeds the
economic value is called rate of precipitation
13. The exchange of matter through abiotic biogeochemical 31. Low levels of sunlight and oxygen profundal
factors and organisms is called the cycle characterize which lake zone
14. The exchange of matter through the ___ is biosphere 32. Materials such as minerals, soil, natural resources
called the biogeochemical cycle fuels, and clean water are called
15. the first organisms to appear during pioneer species 33. Material that is deposited by sediment
ecological succession are called water,wind, or glaciers is called
16. The gradual process of species becoming background 34. The number and abundance of species diversity
extinct is called extinction species in a biological community is
17. A high___ means many organisms are species called
present in one location diversity 35. the number of organisms per unit of populaion density
18. how can detritivores be beneficial to the rid waste and area is called
environment dead matter 36. observations and analyses made by longitudinal analysis
19. How do beetles display genetic diversity with variations scientists over long periods of time
in color are called

20. how do ecologists benefit from creating variables can 37. one community replacing another ecological
models? be more easily as a result of changing abiotic and succession
controlled biotic factors is called
38. Organisms recycle___back into the air carbon dioxide 56. What environmental factors aren't density -
during cellular respiration dependent on numbers of organisms independent
per unit of area factors
39. The part of a lake closest to the littoral
shore is called the ____zone 57. what factor often limits the growth of phosphorus
producers
40. the pattern in which a populaion is dispersion
spaced within an area is called 58. What factors change in a demographic birth rates and
transition death rates
41. Resources that are replaced faster renewable resources
than they are consumed are called 59. What happens when a population resources become
nears carrying capcity limitied
42. Scientists who study the relationships ecologists
among living organisms and their 60. What is a climax community stable community
environment are called with little change
in species numbers
43. the term used to describe the immigrattion
number of individuals moving into a 61. What is an example of a direct vaccines created
population is economic value of biodiversity from bacteria
44. The total mass of living matter at biomass 62. What is the significant difference in secondary
each trophic level is called____ between primary and secondary succession there is
succession topsoil
45. Tree branches are an ex: of a___ habitat
63. What kind of aquatic ecosystem is estuary
46. Using organisms such as fungi to bioremediation
formed where a freshwater river or
detoxify a polluted area is called
stream merges with the ocean
47. Using resources at a rate in which sustianable use
64. What process involves the capture nitrogen fixation
they can be replaced is called
and conversion of nitrogen into a
48. Warm temps and large amounts of tropical rain forests form useable by plants
rainfall characterize what type of
65. What significant function can population
biome?
parasitism have in the ecosystem decrease of an
49. What activity makes trees a cutting all the trees overabundant
nonrenewable resource in a forest species
50. What are 2 features or coral reefs prevent shore 66. what term describes individuals emigration
erosion and live moving away from a population
symbiotically with
67. What term refers to the number of age structure
algae
males and females in various
51. What are 3 types of biodiversity speices, genetic, reproductive age groups
ecosystem
68. Which of the following conditions 3
52. What are the main factors in populations and would make an organism mutualistic
ecosystem diversity abiotic factors with a tree and parasitic with fungi
53. What causes the edge effect in fragmentation of 1.) destroys nutrients needed by tree
habitats habitat and the fungi
2.) neither helps nor harms the tree,
54. What could be a possible limiting population exceeds
but benefits the fungi
factor preventing exponential access to health
3.) protects tree bark from insects whil
growth in a developed country care
depriving fungi of nutrients
55. What does a decrease in salmon an abiotic factor 4.) gains exposur to sunlight, but has
population due to an increase in river affecting a biotic had no effect on the fungi
temperature indicate? factor
69. Which of the following is not a permafrost 78. Why are lichens and mosses they often appear
primary factor that influences a considered pioneer species in 1st in primary
terrestrial biome primary succession? succession
-latitude
79. Why is disease considered a density- populaion density
-precipitation
dependent environmental factor affects amount of
-temperature
contacts
-permafrost
70. Which of the following isn't an 3
accurate statement about the earth's
polar regions
1.) they contain biotic factors
2.) they're part of the biosphere
3.) They're outside of the biosphere
4.) They contain abiotic factors
71. Which of the following statements is energy from
true based on the food chain shown photosynthesis will
here transfer to snake
72. Which of these is not a benefit of fragmented areas
national parks and protected areas are called
73. Which of these is not a characteristic climate
of a population
-growth rate
-population density
-spatial distribution
-climate
74. Which of these is not a factor that 2nd one
would contribute to acid precipitatioin
-sulfur dioxide in atomsphere
-nitrogen and phosphorus flow in
waterways
-burning of fossel fuels
-nitrogen oxide in atomsphere
75. Which of these is not a factor that large populations
would make species vulnerable to
extinction on an island
76. Which of thses are not examples of 1st one
indirect economic benefits in nature
-genetically engineered crops;
vaccination
-watersheds for drinking; removal of
carbon dioxide
-decomposing waste; regulating
climates
-providing oxygen; providing nutrients
77. which organisms are affected most by wolves
biological magnification