METHODOLOGYGALLERYCONTACT U

PLUMBING AND SANITARY WORK

METHODOLOGY

Plumbing and sanitary quality and work methodology consists of three parts.
They are administration, installation and documentation.
1. ADMINISTRATION
 
a) Drawings
Upon award of an agreement along with receipt of all architectural, plumbing and
structural drawings related to plumbing installations, prepare a schedule of drawings
shall contain following minimal information:
 
1. Drawing number
2. Title of the drawing.
3. Name of the project.
4. Names of Client, Architect, Consultant(s), Contractor.
5. Date of submission.
6. Scale.
7. Revision number and revision note with dates
8. A note whether the drawing is approved or pending approval.
9. General notes, if any.
10. Specification notes, if any.
This kind of schedule is made to keep track of sketches required and monitor the status
including submission, revision and approval. It may be modified and updated
periodically when fresh architectural drawings are issued.
b) Construction Schedule
A construction schedule shall be prepared based on the target dates provided by the
client/consultant. All initiatives shall be made to stick to this schedule. It will be analysed
weekly and revised if any delays occur scheduled to unforeseen and inevitable
circumstances, keeping in mind the final date of completion.
c) Materials
A 'Material Proposals' schedule will be submitted to the client/ Consultant giving details
of materials, manufacturer's name, technical details etc. Once these are approved,
purchase will get started and a "Material procurement schedule" will be submitted.
Total attention shall be taken to guarantee that the materials that finally arrive at site
meet all requirements of technical specifications and the bill of quantities, for which the
store-keeper and site specialist ought to be responsible.
d) Workmen
Sufficient workforce might be implemented always to meet the approved construction
schedule. The workforce will be suitably optimized as demanded by genuine site
conditions.
e) Project Management
Workers of the site can be organised as according to the project organisation Chart
issued at the beginning of the project. Any amendments to the chart may be duly
recorded and suggested to the project managers. Weekly site meetings will be attended
via a senior member of the contractor’s crew. There ought to be an occasional visit via
the Executive Management.
Any deviation from approved operating drawings made by way of site commands
through the client / consultant will be indicated within the ‘As installed’ drawings to be
issued on the cease of the project. These instructions will ought to be officially
confirmed before the specified changes or deviations are applied. Time or value
implications will be delivered to the client’s notice finally. The site engineers shall co-
ordinate with agencies for handling other services like electrical, HVAC, Interiors etc,
the site engineers shall co-ordinate with agencies when required. A strict quality control
programme should be implemented, and all efforts must be made to achieve and
maintain a high degree of workmanship.
f) Safety Plan
A safety plan or wellbeing design shall also be submitted prior to beginning of the work.
Due care will be taken about all the protection elements of the works. Relevant PPE
(non-public protective device) shall be utilized by all employees working at the
installation.
 
2.    INSTALLATION
Given below are method statements for general plumbing installations.
a)  Excavation of trenches
1. Check design of the pipeline and get endorsement from the Client's
representative. Barricade sides of trenches to be exhumed.
2. Begin excavation works (Using manual work or an excavator machine). Guarantee
that the width does not surpass the most extreme indicated.
3. Utilize a levelling instrument to make depth markings up and down the length of the
excavation. In specific circumstances, it may not be down to earth to utilize a levelling
instrument in a pipes or sewerage installation. In such cases, a tube level could be
utilized.
4. Take into consideration more profound excavations to suit the PCC base of review
chambers and at collars/joint of channels.
5. Additional care should be exercised for excavations deeper than 1.5m, especially in
loose soils. Arrangements should be made for shoring the sides of trenches.
6. Care ought to be taken that excess excavations area unit forever avoided. If doubtful,
excavate less and dispose of the additional depth within the next stage. crammed in soil
invariably settles taking the pipe with it, distressful alignments.
7. Ensure that excavated earth is always stored away from the edge of the trench.
 b)  External piping – Water supply
1. Mark pipe lines in ground line with operating drawing and supply barricading.
2. Excavate trenches to needed depths as per operating drawings.
3. Prepare base of trench for laying pipes, as per technical specifications.
4. Lay the pipes on the prepared base and support them at adequate intervals.
5. Test the pipes for leaks harassed within the presence of consumer’s representative
and maintain a ‘test certificate’ punctually signed by the representatives of the client and
contractor.
6. Coat the pipes with the specified anti-corrosive treatment (if metal pipes are used).
7. Provide encasement with sand/granular material, if specified.
8. Backfill trenches in layers including compaction.
 c)   External piping - Sewerage & Storm water
1. Mark pipe lines in ground according to working drawings.
2. Excavate trenches to needed depths as per operating drawings.
3. Prepare base for laying pipes.
4. Lay pipes according to specified gradient.
5. Perform pressure driven/smoke investigate and acquire accreditation frame from
customer's illustrative.
6. Provide encasement with concrete / sand/ granular material, as specified.
7. Refill trenches in layers including compaction
 d)    Shaft Piping
1. Check for funnels on the plastered shaft dividers as indicated by points of   interest in
the working illustrations. Guarantee that the plastering is finished as it will be practically
difficult to plaster dividers after the pipes are set up.
2. Fix brackets as per details shown on the working drawings. A clear gap of 25 to
50mm shall be maintained between pipe and wall surface.
3. Clamp pipe assemblies on to the brackets. ensure the pipes area unit in ‘line’
(horizontal runs) or in ‘plumb’ (vertical stacks). Wherever enlargement / contraction is a
priority, make sure that pipes don't seem to be stiffly command to brackets.
4. Make cut-outs on the shaft walls for branch pipes at locations shown on the drawings.
5. Embed sleeves wherever required. Guarantee that annular space in sleeves isn't
more than 25mm. Annular space should be loaded with yarn and adaptable sealant
after establishment of pipe through the sleeve.
6. Provide branches on the pipe assembly for connections to internal pipe work. Provide
uninflected valves on water system pipes at locations shown on operating drawings; at
simply approachable heights.
7. Test the pipes for leaks under specified pressure for the specified duration.
8. Tests must be witnessed and approved by client’s representative.
9. Paint the pipes as per approved colour code and provide identification labels where
called for.
10. Take measurement of pipes installed. A client representative must be present and
should acknowledge the records.
11. Terminate soil, waste and vent pipes with vent cowls at such heights higher than
terrace level. Make sure that vent cowls don't seem to be terminated among one meter
(horizontally and vertically) from any window openings.
12. Terminate installation risers with automotive air vents (with analytic valves) and
down pipes with drain plug/drain valve – all as per drawings. Make sure that installation
pipe work would be self-venting and self-draining.
13. Connect the soil stack to inspection chamber at ground level.
14. Connect waste stacks to the gully trap at ground level. Connect the gully trap to the
inspection chamber.
e)    Pipes in wall chases
1. Ensure that walls are in any event harsh put and complete levels are set apart by the
civil contractor. On the off chance that appropriate cladding levels are not denoted, the
funnels could be too profound or excessively shallow inside. Pipes somewhere down in
the wall will require utilization of augmentation areolas at fixtures. Divider ribs of hid stop
cocks, disguised shower blender and so forth won't fit-in effectively.
2. Mark pipe lines on walls as shown on the working drawing.
3. Chase the walls to required depth using a chasing machine.
4. Assemble piping beginning from branch left in shaft and introduce in the wall pursue
with braces. Utilize pre-created gatherings wherever conceivable.
5. Locate fixture outlets according to working drawing and tile-module drawings. Title
modules shall be marked on walls by the civil contractor.
6. Plug all openings and test the pipe work for leaks under specified pressure and for
required duration. Test should be witnessed and approved by authorized personnel.
7. If metal pipes are used, apply anti-corrosive coating or wrapping on the pipe. Make
sure that the tested pipe joints are not disturbed.
8. Insulate hot water pipes with the specified material. Wherever possible, pipes may be
pre-insulated/pre-wrapped, leaving joints, prior to installation in the wall chase.
9. Close the wall pursues with bond mortar. On the off chance that site conditions
require a depth of more than 100mm to be pursued, it is prudent to utilize a reasonable
work while putting and 'making great'.
f)    Pipes in sunken floor or suspended in ceiling (Drainage)
1. Ensure that base water-proofing of toilet floors is completed.
2. Locate and mark positions of soil and waste outlets and make core drills where
necessary.
3. Assemble pipe headers and connect them to branches left in the shaft for this
purpose. Pre-fabricate wherever possible.
4. Ensure that pipes area unit in correct slope and area unit supported adequately.
invariably make sure that the spacing of supports is as per specifications. make sure
that floor traps area unit put in level (not tilted) so the water seal isn't diminished
5. Test the pipes and attend to leaks, if any.
6. Manage the filling of depressed floors by civil contractual worker with the goal that the
arrangement and incline of waste funnels are not disturbed. It is in the pipes contractual
worker's enthusiasm to guarantee that water sealing of the centre drills is done and
tested.
7. Keep all open ends plugged to prevent ingress of construction debris.
g)    Sanitary fixtures & CP fittings
1. Flush the installed pipe work for water supply and drainage to remove debris or
blockages, if any.
2. Install hygienical fixtures, taps and toilet accessories. Use screws with nylon washers
to repair vitreous crockery and PTPE tape for installation of taps to pipe work.
3. Check CP fittings for leaks and firmness and refit them if necessary. Ensure that
proper tools are used, and they must not make scratches or any other kind of damages
on the chrome plated fixtures.
4. Commission the toilets in the presence of the client’s engineer.
5. Handover the toilets formally using the forms provided for the purpose.
h)    Disinfection
The water distribution system should be thoroughly disinfected before being use. The
following simple procedures will make sure the satisfactory results:
1. Flush and clean water tank and distribution pipe work with potable water to remove
dirt and any foreign matter.
2. Fill the tank with water mixed with chlorine solution at the rate of 50 parts per million.
Retain chlorinated water in the system allowing the chlorine to spread throughout pipe
work.
3. Open the farthest draw-off points or drain plug/valve to draw water. Repeat the
procedure till odour of chlorine is felt at all locations when checked at random.
4. Drain out chlorinated water and fill the system with potable water.
 
3   DOCUMENTATION
a) As Installed Drawings
1. Mark adjustments made from the running drawings; if any. That information has been
maintained on occasion at some stage in progress of work.
2. Get ready 'As-Installed' drawings. This is a basic requirement frequently disregarded.
After the development group leaves the venture site, it is difficult to distinguish pipe
routings and so forth without these drawings.
3. Hand them over to the client with specified number of hard and soft copies. 
b) Operation & Maintenance Manuals
The O & M manuals should contain following minimum information:
1) A brief description about the project and the installations carried out.
2) Schedule of mechanical / electrical equipment and sanitary fixtures are   installed.
3) Schedule of as-fitted drawings.
4) Manufacturer’s O & M manuals and any warrantees issued by manufacturers.
5) List of recommended spare parts.
6) Notes / recommendations on preventive and remedial maintenance works.
7) List of manufacturers with their local contact details.
8) Technical catalogues of important products used on the installations.
9) Reports / certificates of all tests conducted during progress of work and any
commissioning reports.
c)  Virtual Completion Certificate
On taking care of over the as-fitted drawings and O&M manuals, a joint site visit might
be masterminded with the customer's representative to guarantee all works are finished
agreeable to them and get a certificate to that degree.
Date of this certificate will be the begin date of Defects Liability Period.

Water Supply Scheme Model

Typical Floor Internal Drainage & Water Supply Model