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PERFORMANCE LIQUID
CHROMATOGRAPHY
PREPARED BY:
TANIYA BISWAS
M.PHARM
(PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS)
BENGAL SCHOOL OF TECHNOLOGY
DETECTORS
• A chromatography detector is a device used in high
performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to detect
components of the mixture being eluted off the
chromatography column.
High sensitivity.
Good stability and reproducibility.
A linear response to solute.
Negligible base line noise.
Should be inexpensive.
Capable of providing information on the identity of the solute.
A short response time independent of flow-rate.
High reliability and ease of operation.
The detector should be non-destructive.
Responses independent of mobile phase composition.
A temperature range from room temperature to at least 400 0 C
DETECTORS
OF
HPLC
The detectors used in HPLC are of majorly two types:
Selective detectors (solute property) : These detectors respond to a particular
physical or chemical property of the solute, being ideally independent of the
mobile phase. They are as follow:
Absorbance detectors
Fluorescence detectors
Electrochemical detectors
Mass spectrometric detectors
Refractive index
-Deflection Detector
-Refractive Detector (Fresnel refractometer)
Fluorescence Detector
Electrochemical Detector
Conductivity Detector
Evaporative light scattering (ELSD)
Mass detector (LC-MS)
IR detector
Optical rotation detector (chiral detectors)
ULTRAVIOLET/VISIBLE
SPECTROSCOPIC DETECTORS
• Measures the ability of solutes to absorb light at a particular wavelength(s)
in the ultraviolet (UV) or visible (Vis) wavelength range.
The flow from the column is nebulized with a stream of inert gas (Nebulize
means to convert a liquid into a fine spray or mist). The mobile phase, which
must be volatile, is evaporated, leaving tiny particles of the analytes (you can
see why this detection method will not work with volatile compounds). The
particles are passed through a laser beam and they scatter the laser light. The
scattered light is measured at right angles to the laser beam by a photodiode
detector.
ELSD
MASS SPECTROMETER AS AN
HPLC DETECTOR
• Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS, or HPLC-MS) is an
analytical chemistry technique that combines the physical separation
capabilities of liquid chromatography (or HPLC) with the mass analysis
capabilities of mass spectrometry (MS).
• It is a method that combines separation power of HPLC with detection power
of Mass spectrometry.
• Mass spectrometry (MS) is a powerful analytical tool that can supply both
structural information about compounds and quantitative data relating to mass.
INFRARED SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC
DETECTOR
Infrared (IR) detectors have been used to a limited extent only for the analysis of
non-polar lipids, with the specific absorbance for the carbonyl function between
1650 and 1860 cm-1 (or at about 5.75 microns) being the spectral region of value.