Interpretation of

Cardio Pulmonary Exercise Testing

In Healthy and Subjects with Respiratory Diseases

Healthy Assessment of the theoretically

possible minute ventilation
Airway Obstruction Assessment of the theoretically
possible minute ventilation
Vetheo =FEV1 * 35 VEtheo =FEV1 * 35

INSP Flow EXSP VC FEV1 VE INSP Flow EXSP VC FEV1 VE

Sports Sports
VEtheo
Normal Range Normal Range

Volume
Volume

VEtheo

Limited Limited

Pred For example: FEV1 act = 3.6 L Pred For example: FEV1 act = 2.2 L
FEF50 Act VEtheo = 3.6 L * 35 = 126 L/min FEF50 Act VEtheo = 2.2 L * 35 = 77 L/min
 F/V curve in normal range  F/V curve is clearly decreased
 VEtheo in normal range  VEtheo is clearly decreased

Parameter Definition:
VC Vital Capacity
FEV1 Forced Vital Capacity after 1 s
FEF50 Forced Expiratory Flow after 50% of VC
VEtheo Theoretically Possible Minute Ventilation (VE)
VO2 Oxygen Uptake
VCO2 Carbon Dioxide Output
BF Breathing Frequency
VE Minute Ventilation
RER Respiratory Exchange Rate (RQ)
EQO2 Breathing Equivalent for O2
EQCO2 Breathing Equivalent for CO2
AT Anaerobic Threshold
HR Heart Rate
VO2/kg VO2 per kg Body Weight
MET Metabolic Unit (1 MET = 3.5 ml/min/kg)
HRR Heart Rate Reserve (Pred HRmax- HRact)
HR/VO2 Increase in Heart Rate
dO2/dHR Increase in Oxygen in Relation to Heart Rate
Lactate Salt of Lactic Acid, End Product of the Anaerobic Glycolysis

Performance Assessment Performance Assessment

in Healthy in Subjects with Airway Obstruction
Performance Load VO2 [ml/kg] Performance Performance Load VO2 [ml/kg] Performance
70 excellently trained 25
untrained
60 (weak)
20
50 well trained mild
15
40 moderate - severe
trained (normal) 10
30
untrained (weak) severe
20 Time 5
critical Time
Time Time
VO2 Oxygen Uptake EQO2 Gas Exchange EQCO2 VO2 Oxygen Uptake EQO2 Gas Exchange EQCO2
ge 40
an ge AT
lR Act AT Ra
n severe
rma l 35
No Sports ma
Sports No
r moderate-severe
30
Act borderline
25
Normal Range normal Range
20
Limited Limited
15

Time Time Time Time

EXSP
At Rest At AT At max. Load At Rest At AT At max. Load
Intrabreath loop
Breathing Baseline
Flow

Volume

INSP Pred Pred

Act from F/V measurement  Normal exercise Act from F/V measurement  Reduced exercise
Intrabreath loop from cardio pulmonary measurement  VO2 and VE within normal range Intrabreath loop from cardio pulmonary measurement  VO2 and VE clearly decreased
 Normal gas exchange  Limited gas exchange

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