CHEM 3

"The equilibrium constant, Kc for the reaction H2(g) + CO2(g) <==> H2O(g) + CO(g) is
4.2. Initially 0.80 mole of H2 and 0.80 mole CO2 are placed in a 5.0 L flask. The concentration of
H2 at equilibrium is _____."
Selected Answer:
Correct 0.054 M

"The equilibrium constant, Kc for the reaction H2(g) + CO2(g) <==> H2O(g) + CO(g) is
4.2. Initially 0.80 mole of H2 and 0.80 mole CO2 are placed in a 5.0 L flask. The concentration of
CO at equilibrium is _____."
Answers:
Correct 0.11 M

The number of faradays required to deposit one mole of Cr metal from Cr2O72- is
Selected Answer:
Correct 6

How many grams of copper will be deposited at an electrode if a current of 1.5 A is supplied for 2
hours to a CuSO₄?
Correctd.
3.6 g

Complete the following statement: A catalyst

Correctd. alters the reaction mechanism.

The reaction shown occurs in a gaseous phase. Once equilibrium has been achieved in a
particular reaction vessel, additional HI gas is injected directly into the reaction vessel.
Compared to the initial conditions, which of the following statements is correct after the new
equilibrium has been achieved?

Correctc.
The amount of I2 will have increased.

"When the concentrations of reactant molecules are increased, the rate of reaction increases.
The best explanation for this phenomenon is that as the reactant concentration increases,"

Correct the frequency of molecular collisions increases

Consider the equilibrium reaction: N2O4(g) ↔ 2NO2(g)

Which of the following correctly describes the relationship between Kc and Kp for the reaction?

Correct
Kp = RT × Kc

The cathode in the Daniell cell is _____.

Selected Answer:
Answers:
Correct Cu

One ampere-hour (1A·hr) is _____.

Correct 3600 C

"A certain reaction A --> products is second order in A. If this reaction is 10.% complete after 20.
s, how long would it take for the reaction to be 90.% complete?"
Selected Answer:
Answers:
Correct 1600 s

Tarnished silver is coated with _____.

Selected Answer:
Answers:
Correct Ag2S

What is the valence (oxidation state) of carbon in sodium carbonate (Na2CO3)?

Selected Answer:
Correctc.
4

The reaction system

POCl3(g) ↔ POCl(g) + Cl2(g)
is at equilibrium. Which of the following statements describes the behavior of the system if the
partial pressure of chlorine is reduced by 50%?
Selected Answer:
Answers:
Correct
POCl3 will be consumed as equilibrium is established

The compound RX3 decomposes according to the equation

3RX3 → R + R2X3 + 3X2
In an experiment the following data were collected for the decomposition at 100°C. What is the
average rate of reaction over the entire experiment?
t(s) [RX3](mol L-1)

0 0.85

2 0.67

6 0.41

8 0.33

12 0.20

14 0.16

Correct
0.049 mol L-1s-1

Which of the following equilibria is not affected by pressure?

Answers:
Correct solid <==> liquid

Which of the following statements pertaining to acids and bases is incorrect?

Correctd.
Bases have a sour taste.

"The half-life of radioactive carbon is approximately 5700 years. If a sample is found to have
7000 atoms after 6000 years, how many atoms were presents initially?"
Selected Answer:
Correctb.
14500 atoms

What is the pH of a 0.20 M HCl solution?

Correct 0.7

"The decay of U-238 to Pb-206 can be used to estimate the age of inorganic matter. The half-life
of U-238 is 4.5 x 10^9 years. In a particular rock sample, the ratio of the numbers of Pb-206 to
U-238 atoms is 0.66. Assume all of the Pb-206 present is due to the decay of U-238. What is the
age of the rock?"
Correctd.
3.3x 109 yr

What is the half-life of a substance that decays to 25% of its original amount in six days?
Selected Answer:
Correctc.
3 days

A first-order reaction has a rate constant of 7.5 x10^-3 /s. The time [sec] required for the
reaction to be 60% complete is
Answers:
Correct 120

Which one of the following is a strong acid?

Correct
H2SO4

The substance HCl is considered

Correct
a strong Arrhenius acid.

The two equilibrium constants for the same reaction, Kc and Kp, will always equal one another
when
Correct
in the reaction equation, the number of moles of gaseous products equals the number of moles
of gaseous reactants.

Consider the reaction

2NH3(g) → N2(g) + 3H2(g)

If the rate Δ[H2]/Δt is 0.030 mol L-1 s-1, then Δ[NH3]/Δt is

Correct
-0.020 mol L-1 s-1
The addition of He to the equilibrium 2CO(g) + O2(g) <==> 2 CO2(g) at constant volume _____.
Selected Answer:
Answers:
Correct Has no effect

"Kp is 158 for the equilibrium 2NO2(g) <==> 2 NO(g) + O2(g) Starting with NO2 (g) only, the
partial pressure of O2 at equilibrium is 0.25 atm. Calculate the partial pressure [atm] of NO2 at
equilibrium."
Correct 0.02

Kc for the formation of one mole of NH3 from H2 and N2 is _____.

Answers:
Correct 1.1

The reaction system

CS2(g) + 4H2(g) ↔ CH4(g) + 2H2S(g)
is at equilibrium. Which of the following statements describes the behavior of the system if the
partial pressure of hydrogen is doubled?
Correct
As equilibrium is reestablished, the partial pressure of hydrogen decreases.

What role does cadmium metal (Cd) play in a nuclear reactor?

Correct controls chain reaction (control rods)

The relation connecting DG° and E° is _____.

Answers:
Correct DG° = –nFE°

Which of the following will shift the equilibrium to the right? CaCO3(s) <==> CaO(s) + CO2(g)
Selected Answer:
Correct Addition of NaOH solution

Gamma-rays cause radiation damage when they interact with matter by producing
Selected Answer:
Correct ions and free radicals
"A certain reaction A --> products is second order in A. If this reaction is 10.% complete after 20.
s, how long would it take for the reaction to be 90.% complete?"
Answers:
Correct 1600 s

_____ Faradays are required to liberate 32 g of O2 in the electrolysis of H2O.

Answers:
Correct 4

A given sample of radioactive material has 80% of the original substance remaining after 10
years. How much will remain after 90 additional years?
Answers:
Correcta.
0.11

Gamma-rays cause radiation damage when they interact with matter by producing
Answers:
Correct ions and free radicals

The unit of electromotive force is the _____.

Answers:
Correct volt

The reaction system

POCl3(g) ↔ POCl(g) + Cl2(g)
is at equilibrium. Which of the following statements describes the behavior of the system if POCl
is added to the container?
Answers:
Correct
The reverse reaction will proceed to establish equilibrium.

The equilibrium constant Kc for the equilibrium A + B <==> C + D is X. The equilibrium constant
for the reaction 1/2 A + 1/2 B <==> 1/2 C + 1/2 D is
Answers:
Correct X^(1/2)

The kinetics of the decomposition of dinitrogen pentaoxide is studied at 50°C and at 75°C. Which
of the following statements concerning the studies is correct?
Correct
The rate at 75°C will be greater than the rate at 50°C because the number of molecules with
enough energy to react increases with increasing temperature.

The first-order reaction SO2Cl2 --> SO2 + Cl2 is 10% complete in 80. min. How long would it take
for the reaction to be 95% complete?
Answers:
Correct 2300 min

"The solubility constant of stronyium sulfate, SrSO4, is 2.8 x 10-7. How many grams of SrSO4
must be dissolved in water to produce 1 L saturated solution?"
Selected Answer:
Correcta.
0.1 g

"The decay of U-238 to Pb-206 can be used to estimate the age of inorganic matter. The half-life
of U-238 is 4.5x109 years. In a particular rock sample, the ratio of the numbers of Pb-206 to U-
238 atoms is 0.66. Assume all of the Pb-206 present is due to the decay of U-238.What is the age
of rock?"
Selected Answer:
Correctb.
3.3x109 yr

Which of the following does a catalyst change?

Selected Answer:
Correctc.
the activation energy of a reaction

Hydrogen bromide will dissociate into hydrogen and bromine gases.

2HBr(g) ↔ H2(g) + Br2(g); ΔH°rxn = 68 kJ
What effect will a temperature increase of 50°C have on this system at equilibrium?
Correct
low temperature, high pressure

What is the mass-action expression, Qp, for the following reaction?

SbF5(g) + 4Cl2(g) ↔ SbCl3(g) + 5ClF(g)

Correct
fraction numerator open parentheses P subscript S b C l 3 end subscript close parentheses open
parentheses P subscript C l F end subscript close parentheses to the power of 5 over
denominator open parentheses P subscript C l 2 end subscript close parentheses to the power of
4 open parentheses P subscript S b F 5 end subscript close parentheses end fraction

The addition of He to the equilibrium 2CO(g) + O2(g) <==> 2 CO2(g) at constant volume _____.
Selected Answer:
Incorrect Shifts the equilibrium to the right
Answers:
Correct Has no effect

The unit of electromotive force is the _____.

Answers:
Correct volt

What is the pH of a 0.050 M LiOH solution?

Answers:
Correct 12.7

What is the pH of a 0.050 M HBr solution?

Answers:
Correct 1.3

For the reaction N2(g) + 3H2(g) <==> 2NH3(g) Kc = 1.2 at 375 C. Kc for the reverse reaction is
Answers:
Correct 0.83

A certain first-order reaction A --> B is 25% complete in 42 min at 25°C. What is the half-life
[min] of the reaction?
Selected Answer:
Correct 101

A first-order reaction has a rate constant of 3.00 x 10^-3 s-1. The time [sec] required for the
reaction to be 75.0% complete is
Selected Answer:
Correct 462

Which isotope, when bombarded with nitrogen-15, yields the artificial isotope dubnium-260 plus
4 neutrons?
Selected Answer:
Correct
californium-249

What is the pH of a 0.20 M HCl solution?

Answers:
Correct 0.7

"As a result of beta decay, the product nucleus is "

Answers:
Correct one atomic number higher than the original element.

Which of the following statements is false?

Selected Answer:
Correct "A catalyst increases the rate of the forward reaction, but does not alter the reverse
rate."

The first-order reaction SO2Cl2 --> SO2 + Cl2 is 10% complete in 80. min. How long would it take
for the reaction to be 95% complete?
Answer: 2300 min

The half-life of a first-order reaction does not depend on the initial concentration of reactant.
Answer: True

When a chemical system is at equilibrium,Answer: the concentrations of the reactants and

products have reached constant values.

A radioisotope decays to give an alpha particle and Pb-208. What was the original element?
Selected Answer:
Correct Po

The reaction of nitric oxide to form dinitrogen oxide and nitrogen dioxide is exothermic.

3NO(g) ↔ N2O(g) + NO2(g) + heat

What effect will be seen if the temperature of the system at equilibrium is raised by 25°C?

Selected Answer:
Correct
The partial pressure of NO will increase.
The greater the energy of activation, Ea, the faster will be the reaction.
Answer: False

Sodium hydrogen carbonate decomposes above 110°C to form sodium carbonate, water, and
carbon dioxide.

2NaHCO3(s) ↔ Na2CO3(s) + H2O(g) + CO2(g)

One thousand grams of sodium hydrogen carbonate are added to a reaction vessel, the
temperature is increased to 200°C, and the system comes to equilibrium. What happens in this
system if another 50 g of sodium carbonate are now added? Answer: The partial pressure of
carbon dioxide will be unchanged.

Which of the following acids has the lowest pH?

Answer: "0.1 M HBO, pKa = 2.43"

What is the pH of a 0.050 M HBr solution?

Answer: 1.3

"A certain reaction A --> products is second order in A. If this reaction is 10.% complete after 20.
s, how long would it take for the reaction to be 90.% complete?"
Answer: 1600 s

A reaction mechanism usually is,

Answer: difficult, if not impossible, to prove"

The relation connecting DG° and E° is _____.

Answer: DG° = –nFE°

The substance HOBr is considered.

Answer: a weak Arrhenius acid

If Q > K, more products need to be formed as the reaction proceeds to equilibrium.

Answer: False

The reaction A → B is first-order overall and first-order with respect to the reactant A. The result
of doubling the initial concentration of A will be to,
Answer: double the initial rate

Which is the most penetrating of the three types of nuclear radiation?

Answer: gamma

"What is the value of Kc for the reaction CO2(g) + H2(g) <==> H2O(g) + CO(g) when the
equilibrium concentrations of CO, H2, CO2, and H2O are 0.050 M, 0.045 M, 0.086 M and 0.040 M
respectively?"
Answer: 0.52

What is the half-life of a substance that decays to 25% of its original amount in six days?
Answer: 3 days

Alpha particles are identical to

Correct helium nuclei

An electrochemical reaction will be spontaneous if _____.

Correct the standard emf of the cell is positive.

The value of Kc for the equilibrium 2SO2(g) + O2(g) <==> 2SO3(g) is 5.6x10^4 at 350 C. The
initial pressures of SO2 and O2 are 0.35 and 0.762 atm. The total pressure at equilibrium will be

Correct less than 1.112

"Kp is 158 for the equilibrium 2NO2(g) <==> 2 NO(g) + O2(g) Starting with NO2 (g) only, the
partial pressure of NO at equilibrium is 0.25 atm. Calculate the partial pressure [atm] of NO2 at
equilibrium."

Correct 0.5

Le Châtelier's principle can help to predict how to maximize _____.

Correct Reaction yield

Consider the following mechanism for the oxidation of bromide ions by hydrogen peroxide in
aqueous acid solution.
H+ + H2O2    H2O+-OH (rapid equilibrium) 
H2O+-OH + Br- → HOBr + H2O (slow)
HOBr + H+ + Br- → Br2 + H2O (fast)
Which of the following rate laws is consistent with the mechanism?
Correct Rate = k[H2O2][H+][Br-]

Which one of the following statements about fission and fusion is false? 

Correct "For a fission reaction the mass defect (Dm) is negative, whereas for fusion Dm is
positive."

"Kp is 158 for the equilibrium 2NO2(g) <==> 2 NO(g) + O2(g) Starting with NO2 (g) only, the
partial pressure of NO at equilibrium is 0.25 atm. Calculate the partial pressure [atm] of NO2 at
equilibrium."

Correct 0.5

A solution is adjusted from pH 8 to pH 9. The relative concentration of the hydrogen [H?] ion has
changed by a factor of what?

Correct 110

For what order reaction does the half-life get longer as the initial concentration increases? 

Correct zeroth order

Which of the following is the strongest acid?

Correct HI

The energy released by the sun is the result of

Correct nuclear fusion

A solution is prepared by adding 0.10 mol of sodium fluoride, NaF, to 1.00 L of water. Which
statement about the solution is correct?
Correct The solution is basic.

Changing the amount of reactant or product in an equilibrium reaction will always change the
equilibrium position, regardless of the physical state of the substance involved.
Correct TRUE

The reaction quotient, Qc, for a reaction has a value of 75 while the equilibrium constant, Kc, has
a value of 195. Which of the following statements is accurate?
Correct the reaction must proceed to the right to establish equilibrium.

A catalyst accelerates a reaction because

Correct it lowers the activation energy for the reaction.

The standard potential for the reduction of Cu+ to Cu is 0.52V. E° at 25 °C for 2Cu+(aq) -->
Cu2+(aq) + Cu(s) is _____.

Correct 0.37V

"The equilibrium constant, Kc for the reaction H2(g) + CO2(g) <==> H2O(g) + CO(g) is 4.2.
Initially 0.80 mole of H2 and 0.80 mole CO2 are placed in a 5.0 L flask. At equilibrium, the
concentration of H2 is equal to the concentration of _____."

Correct C02

Which one of the following substances will give an aqueous solution of pH < 7?

Correct NH4Br

The substance H2SO3 is considered

Correct a weak Arrhenius base

The process ______ occurs spontaneously under standard state conditions.

Correct Fe3+ oxidizes I–

The equilibrium pressure of NO2 in the equilibrium N2O4(g) <==> 2 NO2(g) is 1.56 atm. Its pressure
on the addition of a catalyst will be _____.

Correct 1.56 atm

The following reaction is at equilibrium at one atmosphere, in a closed container.

NaOH(s) + CO2(g) ↔  NaHCO3(s)
Which, if any, of the following actions will decrease the total amount of CO2 gas present at equilibrium?
Correct decreasing the volume of the container

The equilibrium constant Kc for the equilibrium A + B <==> C + D is X. The equilibrium constant for
the reaction 2C + 2D <==> 2A + 2B is

Correct X^(-2)

Which statement is correct with respect to the above equilibrium when 0.30 moles of CO and 0.30
moles of H2O are heated to 700°C and allowed to reach equilibrium.

Correct [H2O] = [CO]

The species _____ can oxidize water to oxygen under standard state conditions.

Correct Cl2(g)

The correct statement is: _____.

Correct Oxidation occurs at the anode

The emf of the concentration cell Cu/Cu2+(0.08 M)||Cu2+(1.2 M)/Cu is _____.

Correct 0.035V

The reaction system

CS2(g) + 4H2(g) ↔  CH4(g) + 2H2S(g)

is at equilibrium. Which of the following statements describes the behavior of the system if the partial
pressure of carbon disulfide is reduced?

Correct As equilibrium is reestablished, the partial pressure of carbon disulfide increases.

Which is the most penetrating of the three types of nuclear radiation? 

Correct gamma

The species that is not an oxidizing agent is _____.

Correct Cl-

Ammonium chloride is used as an electrolyte in dry cells. Which of the following statements about a
0.10M solution of NH4Cl, is correct?

Correct The solution is acidic.

For a gas-phase equilibrium, a change in the pressure of any single reactant or product will affect the
amounts of other substances involved in the equilibrium.

Correct TRUE