Level of Awareness of The Selected Stores in Barangay Mercado, Boac, Marinduque On The Republic Act 10909 Otherwise Known As The No Short Changing Act

Republic of the Philippines
Marinduque State College

Main Campus: Boac / Branches: Santa Cruz • Torrijos • Gasan
Panfilo P. Manguera Sr. Rd., Tanza, Boac, Marinduque 4900
Tel. No.: (042) 332-2028 Email Address: sucpresident.msc@gmail.com
Website: www.mscmarinduque.edu.ph
CHAPTER I
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
This chapter presents the introduction, statement of the problem, significance of the
study, scope and delimitations of the study, conceptual framework and the definition of terms
used in the study. This is where the problem is introduced and the background of the study is
presented.
Introduction
Business is one of the activities most people are engaged in. This business is either a
store that sells goods or the one that offers services. However, there is a peculiar practice in
such enterprises especially into small local businesses such as a ‗sari-sari‘ store, the
shortchanging. It has been a practice in small enterprises to give candies instead of cent-
worth change to their customers.
On December 2016, No Shortchanging Act Implementing Rules and Regulation
(IRR) was signed by the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) secretary, Ramon M.
Lopez to be implemented in the whole country. Under this act encompasses that business
establishments are required to provide their customers the exact change after purchasing a
products or availing services (Alelis, 2018). It aims to protect the welfare of consumers from
unscrupulous business owners who give insufficient change or give customers candies in lieu
of monetary change. The government wants to teach lessons to the business owners about
decency, integrity and professionalism among Filipino businesses (Villalon,2016).
1
Shortchanging is a nothing serious case but should be understood as part of an interesting and
harmless tradition. The former Senator Bam Aquino believes that this law will help Filipino
businessmen in believing in good practices will aid in the growth of their establishment.
In connection with this, this law is also applicable to government-owned entities, as
well as drivers of public utility vehicles and tricycles, service providers cannot be exempted
from giving exact change just because of non-availability of low-denomination bills or coins.
The law strongly suggests that in the event that a seller are made to choose between
providing excess change and change less than the amount due, they are legally bound to
choose the former. It is better to offer more than to shortchange the customers since as a law-
abiding provider of goods and services, is the entities responsibility (Villalon, 2016).
Internationally, there‘s no related law that were enacting outside the countries yet,
there are some who experienced to be short-changed. Like a vacationist who were being
short-changed by a receptionist after he checked in the hotel to board for a three-day
vacation. Here in the Philippines, short-changing is widely experience by everyone in any
setting of the society. Even in a public transportation, short-change can be also experience
especially when the driver run out of coins for the passengers. Locally, this issue was the
problem of students. It is an inconvenience of every student when they were short-changed in
the store or grocery—some students have enough money allotted for their one week expenses
that makes it difficult to be short-changed.
Since the researchers were students and also experienced to be short-changed, they
come up to the study on the level of awareness of the selected stores in Barangay Mercado,
2
Boac, Marinduque on the Republic Act 10909 or also known as the No Shortchanging Act of
2016. This study sought to determine the level of awareness of the selected stores in
Barangay Mercado, Boac, Marinduque on the Republic Act 10909 otherwise known as the
No Shortchanging Act of 2016. In addition, this study aimed to determine if the
establishments or enterprises are following this law. Moreover, this study also promotes the
right denomination to complete a customer‘s change.
Statement of the Problem
The main purpose of the study was to determine the level of awareness of selected
stores in Barangay Mercado, Boac, Marinduque on the Republic Act 10909 otherwise known
as the No Shortchanging Act of 2016.
Specifically, it sought to answer the following questions:
1. What is the profile of the selected stores in terms of the following:
a) Kinds of Store; and
b) Number of Years in Operation as a Store
2. What is the level of awareness of the selected stores on Republic Act 10909 otherwise
known as the No Shortchanging Act of 2016?
3. How do the store owners respond to the implementation of the Republic Act 10909?
4. What is the implication of the study to the implementation of Republic Act 10909 in
Barangay Mercado, Boac, Marinduque?
3
Significance of the Study
The results of the study may be a great benefit to the concerned offices and to the
following entities:
To the Government, the result of this study may enable the government officials to monitor
if establishments or enterprises follow and comply with Republic Act 10909 otherwise
known as the No Shortchanging Act of 2016.
To the Store Owners, this study may help the store owners to be more aware of the
implementation of Republic Act 10909 otherwise known as the No Shortchanging Act of
2016.
To the Customers, this study may be beneficial to the customers for it would enable them to
know if the stores or enterprises are following Republic Act 10909 otherwise known as the
No Shortchanging Act of 2016. It may also inform and help them assert their rights as a
consumer.
To the Future Researchers, this study may serve as a basis to their future research. It would
help and guide them in developing ideas and concepts through the given results.
4
Scope and Delimitations of the Study
This study only focused on the level of awareness of selected store owners on the
implementation of the Republic Act 10909 otherwise known as the No Shortchanging Act of
2016. The respondents of this study were the selected store owners in Barangay Mercado in
Boac, Marinduque. This study was conducted on October to December 2019.
Conceptual Framework
The figure below shows the process which analyzes the division to organize the ideas
of the study and the procedure that the researcher used in the study.
Input Process Output
 Awareness
campaign about
 Distribution and
the law by using
retrieval Of
social media
Provisions of Questionnaire
advertisements
Republic Act 10909  Tabulation and
Otherwise Known as and program
consolidation,An
the No Shortchanging seminar/
alysis and
Act of 2016 orientation with
Interpretation of
the collaboration
Data
of DTI and
DILG.
Figure 1. Research Paradigm
5
This conceptual framework used the Input-Process-Output, wherein the input of the
study was the Provisions of Republic Act 10909 otherwise known as the No Shortchanging
Act of 2016 in Barangay Mercado, Boac, Marinduque. The process that was used in this
study was the distribution of questionnaires to the respondents and the analysis and
interpretation of the data that was gathered from them and the output of this study was the
implications of the study to the implementation of the Republic Act10909 otherwise known
as the No Shortchanging Act of 2016 in Barangay Mercado, Boac, Marinduque. The output
of the study would also be a proposal of awareness campaign about the law by using social
media advertisements and program seminar/orientation with the collaboration of DTI and
DILG.
6
Definition of Terms
The following terms are operationally defined/used words in the study.
Act. A written ordinance of Congress or another legislative body.
Awareness. Knowing and understanding that a situation exists.
Change. The return coins after buying a product or availing services.
Commercial Industry. An industry that focuses on the widespread production with the goal
of selling the maximum amount of products possible to consumers.
Department of Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR). An agency of Department of Finance
which collects more than half of the total revenues of the government.
Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG). Executive department
responsible for promoting peace and order, ensuring public safety and strengthening the
capability of local government units to effectively deliver basic services to the citizenry.
Department of Trade and Industry (DTI). Agency that is incharge in the impelementation
of Republic Act10909 otherwise known as the No Shortchanging Act of 2016.
Implementation. To execute the law to the public.
Implication. The possible or future effect of something.
Mercado. One of the Baranggay in the Municipality of Boac wherein the study was
conducted. It is also a Spanish word for market.
Program Orientation and Seminar. An activity that is to be conducted as an another output
to be proposed by the researchers in raising an awareness about Republic Act 10909
otherwise Known as the No Shortchanging Act of 2016.
7
Shortchange. It refers to giving less than the correct amount of change.
Social Media Advertisement. An output to be proposed by the researchers in raising an
awareness about Republic Act 10909 otherwise known as the No Shortchanging Act of 2016.
Store owners. Persons who owns a store which is the respondents of the study.
Stores. A small or big enterprise wherein goods were sold to buy by the people.
Provision. Refers to the things that should be followed in a ceratin law.
Republic Act 10909. A law otherwise known as the No Shortchanging Act of 2016 . It is the
main focus of the study. This law prohibits business establishments from giving insufficient
or no change to customers.The law also prohibits shortchanging the customers even if such
change is only a small amount, changing in any form other than the present currency is
strictly prohibited.
8
CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
This chapter presents the related literature and studies after the thorough and in-depth
search done by the researchers. The information and ideas in this chapter was sought to
support this study and led the researchers in determining the level of awareness of selected
stores on Republic Act 10909, otherwise known as No Shortchanging Act of 2016 in
Barangay. Mercado, Boac, Marinduque.
Foreign and Local Literature
What is a Store?
According to Collins dictionary, a store is a building or part of a building where
things are sold. In British English, store is used mainly to refer to a large shop selling a
variety of goods, but in American English a store can be any size of shop.
The word store is of larger signification than the word shop. It not only comprehends all that
is embraced in the wordshop, when that word is used to designate a place in which goods or
merchandise are sold, but more, a place of deposit, astore house. In common parlance the two
words have a distinct meaning. We speak of shops as places in which mechanics pursue their
trades, as a carpenter's shop a blacksmith's shop a shoemaker's shop. While, if we refer to a
place where goods and merchandise are bought and sold, whether by wholesale or retail, we
speak of it as a store, as stated by (C.J. Brickell,December term, 1875).
9
The following are the different kinds of store:
1. Appliances Store - a store wherein air conditioner, dishwashers, clothes dryers, drying
cabinets, freezers, refrigerators, kitchen stoves, water heaters, washing machines, microwave
oven, and etc.
2. Bakery - a place or area within a grocery store, where bread, cakes, cookies, etc are
made or sold.
3. Barber Shop - a people where people go to get their hair cut.
4. Beauty Salon Shop - a shop where you can get a particular service like haircut, hair
color, manicure, pedicure and etc.
5. Boutique Store - a small store that sells fashionable clothes or decorations.
6. Convenience Store - a mini-store where you can buy groceries, snacks, drinks,
cigarettes, toiletries, etc. It has also long shopping hours, some stores are open 24 hours.
7. Cosmetics Store - a store selling products which are intended to be applied to the
human body for cleansing, beautifying, and etc.
8. Delicacies Store - a store selling foods already prepared or requiring a little
preparation for serving.
9. Drugstore - a store where you can buy medicines, beauty products, etc.
10. Eatery- a restaurant or other commercial establishment serving food.
11. Fish Shop- a store that sells fish; a fishmonger's
12. General Merchandise- are those retail stores which sell a number of products which
are used by the general public but excludes certain items like food and grocery.
10
13. Gift Shop/ Souvenir shop - a shop that sells particular souvenirs which include, key
chains, coffee mugs, post cards, shirts, handmade collection and etc.
14. Green Store - a store wherein fruits and vegetables are sold.
15. Jewelry/Accessories Store- a store that sells jewelry and accessories
16. Meat Store - a marketplace where meat is sold like beef, pork, chicken. It is a
specialized wet market.
17. Pet Shop - a shop where pet animals, and animal supplies can be purchased.
18. Print Shop – a printing shop, wherein copying and reproducing of printed matter
happens.
19. Relief (Ukay-Ukay) Store - a store wherein secondhand apparels such as clothes,
bags, shoes, and other accessories are being sold at a very cheap and bargained. It is
commonly shipped from different countries.
20. Rice Store - a store selling rice like sinandomeng, angelica, dinorado, jasmine, etc.
21. Sari-sari Store- a small neighborhood retail shop that usually carries basic goods such
as canned food, instant noodles, coffee, soda and other things that Filipinos get on a daily
basis. It is also the type of store where shortchanging usually happens.
22. Shoe Store- a store that sell shoes.
23. Telecommunication Store- a store that sells mobile phones and other digital and
electronic gadgets.
In the sari- sari store or business establishment, whenever there is a short of change,
the cashier or business owners will either give you candy or tell you that they owe you a few
11
cents. Apart from that, the cashier or store owners force the customer to just buy another
product to close the change, or even rounding off the change. These instances are very
common and acceptable act to people running a business in the Philippines wherein it
becomes a habit of most of the business owners that may challenge their honesty,
truthfulness and decency to their work. With that, the senate passes a bill in accordance with
this issue. And soon became a law, which entitled No Shortchanging Act of 2016 or the R.A
10909.
Republic Act 10909 or otherwise known as No Shortchanging Act of 2016.
An act prohibiting business establishments from giving insufficient or no change to
consumers and providing penalties therefor.
The R.A. 10909 stated that all business establishments, including sari-sari stores and
government-owned and controlled corporations/government agencies performing proprietary
functions; and public utility vehicle (PUV) operators, drivers and conductors are mandated to
give exact change to consumers and are prohibited from giving other forms of change, like
candy. It aims to protect consumers from losing money to sellers or businesses that do not
give the exact change to their customers. It prohibits business establishments from giving
insufficient or no change to customers. It shall be the duty of business owners to give exact
amount of change. Apart from that, RA 10909 is to protect the interest and general welfare of
consumers by implementing measures that institutionalize the practice of giving exact change
to consumers and to guard consumers against deceptive and unfair sales acts and practices
(Sec. 2, Ra 10909). (see Appendix B)
12
Republic Act 10909 or otherwise known as No Shortchanging Act of 2016 lapsed into
law on July 21, 2016 without the signature of the president Benigno Aquino III in accordance
with the article VI Section 27 of the 1987 Philippine Constitution. (www.senate.gov)
The No Shortchanging Act of 2016 was approved by Feliciano Belmonte Jr. (Speaker
of the House of Representatives), Franklin M. Drillon (President of the Senate). This Act
which is a consolidation of Senate Bill No. 1618 and House Bill No. 4730 was finally passed
by the Senate and the House of Representatives on May 23, 2016 and June 6, 2016,
respectively. And, hereby approved by Marilyn B. Barua - Yap (Secretary General House of
Representatives), and Oscar Yabes(Secretary of the Senate).
What Businesses Should Know about the No Shortchanging Act (Republic Act 10909)
According to Villalon (2016) operating a business in a country such as the Philippines
can be quite interesting not only because of the diversity of the market but also with the
corresponding traditions that affect how you run your establishments. One of this traditions
which is a peculiar practice in the country especially in small local business such as the ‗sari-
sari‘ stores, is shortchanging.
According to Villalon, shortchanging basically happens when the customers are not
given the exact amount of monetary due for a product or service rendered by a business
establishment.
In the country, it has been a bold practice for businesses big or small, not to make
enough effort to provide the precise change to consumers particularly if we are talking about
amounts less than a peso: cents of 10s, 5s, 1s. Villalon also stated that, in all fairness, such is
13
a common and acceptable act among business owners as well as customers that complaining
is not really expected. As a tradition common among Filipino trades, accepting candies or
other items in lieu of money as change is a part of buying from a ‗pinoy store‘.
According to Villalon (2016) the top things that the business owners should know
about the No Shortchanging Act are the followings:
1. Providing sufficient change is now a legal responsibility.
Although shortchanging has been a practice ever since one can remember, businesses
are now legally obliged to provide the exact amount of change to the last centavo. This meant
that as a business owner, you should be ready with your Philippine peso coins so you cannot
use any reason of not having the right denomination to complete the customer‘s change.
2. Lacking loose bills or coins should not be an excuse.
It is understandable that during specific hours of the day especially in the morning,
you lack the bills or particular coin values to provide the exact change. However, the law
states that such excuse will not give you any exemptions – you must deliver the cent-per-cent
amount by all means.
3. It is better to provide excess change than give less.
The law also strongly suggested that in the event that you are made to choose
between providing excess change and change less than the amount due, you are legally
bound to choose the former. It is better to offer more than to shortchange the customers since
as a law-abiding provider of goods and services, it is your responsibility.
14
4. Giving candies instead of cent-worth change is no longer an accepted alternative.
Although some customers think of this as a treat, this practice common even across
generations of Filipino consumers should not be a substitute. The new law pointed out that
this should be stopped for the same reason – the exact monetary value must be provided and
nothing else.
5. Talking the customer out of it is prohibited.
RA 10909 also stated that as a manager or staff of the business establishment, you
should not talk your way out of giving your customers the exact change that they deserve. No
matter how big or small the amount is, it is your obligation to find ways.
6. Encourage your customers to ask for their exact change.
The law further suggested that responsible business owners are expected to post a
sign that clearly encourages customers to actively take part in the implementation of the law
by demanding for the exact change. Printed signs should be located near the register where
they can be readily seen by the store patrons.
7. Follow the law or face penalties.
Since this law strictly provides different ways and means to stop the bad
shortchanging habits of the Filipino businessmen, the do‘s and don‘ts are coupled with
serious penalties for violators.
The gravity of the penalties depends on the frequency of the offense. They are as
follows:
15
• First offense:
For managers or owners of business establishments who are proven to ignore the law,
the first offense will cost them a fine of PhP500.00.
• Second offense:
A more serious punishment is set for the second instance of shortchanging: the
suspension of the business license to operate for three (3) whole months, and a higher fine of
PhP15,000.00.
• Third offense:
If a business establishment violates the law for the third time, it will result in the
revocation of their license to operate. Furthermore, the owner is required by law to pay a fine
of P25,000.00.
Shortchanging has been a part of a ‗pinoy‘ habit especially for small businesses. On
the surface, one might think that shortchanging is nothing serious and should just be
understood as part of an interesting and harmless tradition, (Villalon, 2016)
However, Sen. Paolo Benigno ―Bam‖ Aquino disagrees. During an announcement of
the passage of the new law, he emphasized that with RA 10909, the government will teach an
important lesson on the promotion of a culture of decency, integrity, and professionalism
among Filipino businesses. The senator believed that the eradication of this seemingly
harmless habit of businesses can be a game changer. He added that such practice will help
Filipino businessmen in the future and believing in good practices will aid in the growth of
their establishment.
16
Implementing Rules and Regulations of the RA 10909 otherwise known as No
Shortchanging Act of 2016.
The IRR specifies that it shall be the duty of the business establishment to:
A. Give the exact amount of change without waiting for the consumer to ask for it;
B. Use price tag, when appropriate, in goods and services being offered for sale;
C. Issue official receipt and sale invoices, as may be applicable; post notices to remind
cashiers o give exact change;
D. Provide DTI documents pertaining to give establishment‘s gross sales of the day for
confirmation of the alleged violation of the Act and to determine the penalty impossible.
According to DTI Undersecretary Teodoro Pascua, through this Act and its IRR, the
Department promotes a higher standard on treating consumers on the event of lack of change
and encourages retailers to shoulder instead this lacking change. This Act is a must for the
vendor to change accurately and properly their consumer.
Procedure on how you can file a complaint with the Department of Trade Industry
and industry (DTI).
The No Shortchanging Act outlined the procedures on how you can file a complaint
with the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI), the implementing agency for the act:
1. Write a letter of complaint to the DTI no more than 10 working days or two weeks
after the incident.
2. DTI will conduct an investigation within 10 working days of receiving the complaint.
They will also issue a notice to the establishment involved.
17
3. After a full investigation, DTI will then issue its decision and findings not more than
30 days after the incident. (www.dti.gov.ph) (see Appendix C)
DTI reiterates stores' compliance to No Shortchanging Act of 2016
The Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) reiterated the compliance of business
establishments to Republic Act 10909, otherwise known as the "No Shortchanging Act of
2016."SAN JOSE, Antique, Jan. 3 (PIA, 2019)
Mabaquiao (2019) said in an interview that in order to start the year off right DTI is
really pushing for the compliance of stores to the "No Shortchanging Act.‖. ―Business
establishments are reminded that shortchanging is prohibited,‖ she said.
As stated in the law, Republic Act 10909 prohibits business establishments from
giving insufficient or no change to customers. It shall be the duty of business owners to give
exact amount of change.Likewise, it is also the duty of the costumers to ensure the exact
amount of change is received immediately after every transaction, said Engr. Lynna Joy
Cardinal, Senior Trade and Industry Development Specialist of DTI.
Price tag is also required under the law which indicates the exact retail price per unit
or the service which already include the taxes applicable to the goods or services being
offered. Official receipt must be issued.Consumers may report to the Consumer Welfare
Desk of business establishments all instances of shortchanging for immediate action.
The law also prohibits shortchanging the customers even if such change is only a
small amount, changing in any form other than the present currency is strictly prohibited.
Thus, giving of candies or any item in lieu of the exact amount is not allowed.The cashiers
18
are also not allowed to ask the costumers to exempt them from giving the exact amount for
any reason including non-availability of small bills or coins.
With this, DTI has posted reminders in different stores for the awareness of both
consumers and business owners. Cardinal also encouraged the public to bring their coins to
the nearest stores or banks so it could circulate and make them available in stores.
(PSM/PIA-Antique)
DTI Welcomes Revised UN Guidelines for Consumer Protection
The adoption of the revised guidelines was made through a resolution last 22
December 2015 in New York City.
The highlights of the revised guidelines include:
First comprehensive revision of the United Nations Guidelines for Consumer
protection (UNGCP) since 1985 addresses gaps in financial services, privacy, energy, travel
and tourism.
Access to essential goods and services and the protection of vulnerable and
disadvantaged consumers are recognized as new consumer legitimate needs.
Updated UN Guidelines can play an important role in achieving the Sustainable
Development Goals by protecting and empowering consumers in developing nations.
Consumers International, the world federation of consumer organizations, calls for
governments to update their consumer protections in line with the new UN Guidelines and
challenges businesses to ensure their practices are compliant.
19
The UN Guidelines for Consumer Protection (UNGCP) were first adopted in 1985
and have acted as a blueprint for consumer protection around the world. They are estimated
to have guided the development of consumer protection in more than 100 countries.
The Guidelines give governments, business and civil society high level guidance on
issues including the recognition of new consumers‘ legitimate needs, promotion and
protection of consumers‘ economic interests, standards for the safety and quality of consumer
goods and services to redress and coordination of enforcement efforts between consumer
protection agencies around the world. If implemented globally the revised Guidelines would
extend protections for consumers everywhere.
OIC/ Usec Dimagiba reports, ―Recently, both the Senate and the House of
Representatives under the Committees on Trade and Industry have been deliberating on the
amendments to the Consumer Act of the Philippines to update the areas of consumer
protection as it applies to e-Commerce, motu propio cases powers by the DTI, and increasing
penalties for violation of the Consumer Act‖.
The new UN Guidelines for Consumer Protection (UNGCP) key additions are:
Recognition of access to essential goods and services, and the protection of
vulnerable and disadvantaged consumers as new consumer legitimate needs;
New guidance on e-commerce, parity of treatment between online and offline
consumers and protection of consumer privacy;
New guidance on financial services, public utilities, good business practices and
international cooperation;
20
A new Intergovernmental Group of Experts (IGE) on consumer protection law and
policy to monitor the implementation of the Guidelines, serving as a forum for exchange.
The UNGCP are a powerful tool to help governments implement many of these goals.
Adequate consumer protection can directly support the achievement of SDGs relating to
ending hunger and encouraging healthy diets by supporting access to safe, affordable and
nutritious food; to health and well-being by protecting consumers from unsafe products that
cause illness or injury and expanding access to effective pharmaceuticals. In addition,
sustained and inclusive growth is supported by ensuring consumers, as the largest group in
the economy, are empowered and well represented.
Foreign and Local Studies
Now a days, people are fond of buying products or services, customers‘ needs and
expectations are always changing, and this will lead to a situation where customers keep
setting ever higher standards, (Langerak et al., 1997). As most of consumers‘ needs and
wants are satisfied, they tend to look for more high quality, more expensive product that give
and place them at a higher social class and status. Consequently, implementing customers‘
satisfaction philosophy means identifying customers, identifying their needs and expectations
and finally measuring their perceptions, (Stenbery, 1997). All these indices points tomarket
orientation.Market orientation is the organization—wide generation of market intelligence
pertaining to current and futurecustomer needs, dissemination of the intelligence across all
21
departments, and organization - wide responsivenessto market intelligence (Narver & Slater,
1990; Kohli & Jaworski, 1990).
In this above statement, consumers tend to buy and buy products or services to satisfy
their needs and wants. On the other hand, some of them encountered to be shortchange,
wherein instead of coins the cashier or business owners gives candy as substitute for the
change, they were force to buy another products in exchange to what extent the cashier or
business owners can change the given money. Some, are just settled by means of saying that
they owe the customer a few cents or even rounding off the change.
A centavo or a peso coin is very important in the business world, but lots of
businesses experience shortage of coins. According to the study of (Rolnick and Weber,
2003) on, merchants now often run short of coins. They go to the banks for more, to avoid
inconvenience to the many businesses and a critical shortage of coins. With this, the
American Bankers Association aimed to get people to empty piggy banks and turn in random
coin holdings for paper dollar.
Market orientation has been characterized as a culture of the organization that
requires customer satisfaction been put at the center of business operation (Liu et al., 2002),
and therefore produces superior value for customers and outstanding performance for the
firm (Day, 1994, Narver & Slater, 1990). Customer needs and expectations evolve over time
and delivering consistently high quality products and services, are imperative. Consequently,
responsiveness to changing market place needs, become important for the success of firms
22
(Jaworski & Kohli 1993). Responsiveness to changing market needs often calls for the
introduction of new products and services together with innovation capacity for a firm.
Market orientation has also been described as the implementation of marketing
activities designed to satisfy customers‘ needs, better than competitors are able to satisfy
customer needs (Martin & Grback, 2003). Kohli and Jaworski (1990) developed the
intelligence perspective of market orientation. They viewed market orientation as the
implementation of the marketing concept. According to them, market orientation is a mixture
of three activities: first, organization of market intelligence pertaining to current and future
needs of the consumer. Second, dissemination of intelligence within the organization. And
last, intelligence responsiveness.
In terms of rounding off the change, according to the study (Hernandez, Pilares, and
Rosete III, 2017), the ―No Shortchanging Act,‖ which lapsed into law on 21 July 2016,
provides: ―It shall be unlawful for any business establishment to shortchange a consumer,
even if such change is only of a small amount. Nothing in this Act shall be construed as a
restriction for business establishments to give an amount greater than the sufficient change.‖
At first glance, price rounding may be seen as a contravention of the No Shortchanging Act
given that consumers may receive loose change that is less than what is due to them in cases
where the total amount due is rounded up. However, implementing price rounding is not
necessarily inconsistent with the new law. In a regulatory regime where the two policies are
in effect, retailers are expected to adopt simplified price structures that would facilitate
business transactions while observing the rights of consumers. In fact, there are anecdotal
23
pieces of evidence showing that price rounding is already being practiced voluntarily in the
Philippines. For instance, prior to the implementation of Republic Act No. 10963, or the Tax
Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion (TRAIN) law, some sari-sari stores retailed Marlboro
cigarettes at PhP4.00 per stick or PhP10.00 for three sticks. In addition, in instances when the
supply of lower-denomination coins is limited, mall establishments would give 25-Sentimo
coins to each of their cashiers for their day-to-day operations to provide loose change for
transactions that are rounded down to the nearest 25-Sentimo, pursuant to the No
Shortchanging Act.
Based on the study conducted by Rivadenera in 2017 entitled Level of Awareness and
Extent Implementation in Republic Act 10909 Otherwise known as No Shortchanging Act of
2016 of the Owners, Cashiers and Costumers on Microeconomics Establishment in Boac,
Marinduque, it was revealed that business owners, cashiers, and costumers are aware of
Republic Act 10909 yet it was less implemented.
Synthesis
The No Shortchaging Act or the RA 10909 aims to protect the interest an promote the
general welfare of the consumer as well as establish standards of conduct for business and
industry. To institutionalize the industry practice of giving exact change to consumers, RA
No. 10909 imposes certain duties on the part of the establishment. If the establishment was
found to have violated the law, it shall pay PhP500.00 or three percent (3%) of the gross
sales of the business establishment on the day of the violation, whichever is higher, for first
24
offense. For second, third and fourth offenses, it shall pay the fine of PhP5,000.00 of five
percent (5%) of gross sales, PhP15,000.00 or seven percent (7%) of gross sales, and
PhP25,000.00 or ten percent (10%) of gross sales, respectively. In addition to the fines, the
total amount of change the establishment failed or refused to give, as determined from the
audit of DTI, shall be paid by the said establishment to the complainant. The DTI may
likewise recommend the suspension and revocation of the license to operate of frequent
offenders.
In order for the consumers to know the exact price of the goods as well as the change
that they should receive, the law also requires establishments to use price tags, when
appropriate; indicating the exact retail price per unit or service, which already includes the
taxes applicable to the goods or services being offered. In addition, they should also issue
Official Receipts or Sales Invoices, as may be applicable, to the consumers.
The law teaches among the business owners ―a culture of decency, integrity, and
professionalism among Filipino businesses.‖ as Sen. Paolo Benigno ―Bam‖ Aquino
emphasized with RA 10909 or the No Shortchanging Act.
25
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter discusses the methodology that was used in the study. It shows the
research design, the locale of the study, population and sample and sampling technique,
research instrument, data gathering procedure and the statistical treatment used in the study.
Research Design
A quantitative research design was utilized in conducting the study wherein the
researchers utilized the descriptive design in drawing out for analysis.
Descriptive research design involves description, recording, analysis, and interpretation of
recent nature, composition or process of phenomena.
The researchers chose survey research design because it sought to answer the questions and
the purpose of the study.
Research Locale
This study was conducted at Barangay Mercado, Boac, Marinduque. Mercado,
formerly Poblacion, which is a barangay in the municipality of Boac, in the province of
Marinduque. Mercado is situated at approximately 13.4470, 121.8372, in the island of
Marinduque. Elevation at these coordinates is estimated at 25.1 meters or 82.3 feet above
mean sea level. Mercado shares a common border with the following barangay(s): Santol,
Boac, Marinduque San Miguel (Poblacion), Boac, Marinduque Malusak (Poblacion), Boac,
26
Marinduque, Murallon (Poblacion), Boac, Marinduque Isok II Poblacion (Kalamias), Boac,
Marinduque.
Figure 2 shows the illustration of the Philippines, Figure 3 shows the illustration of
Boac, Marinduque, Philippines and Figure 4 shows the illustration of Barangay Mercado,
Boac Marinduque.
Figure 2. Illustration of the Philippines
27
Figure 3. Illustration of Boac, Marinduque, Philippines
Figure 4. Illustration of Barangay Mercado, Boac, Marinduque
28
The researchers chose to conduct the study in Barangay Mercado, Boac, Marinduque
because most of the stores in Boac, Marinduque are located in this barangay. Mercado is also
a Spanish word which means market. Mercado, Boac is also considered as a commercial site
or center of commercial industry in the municipality since most of the products are being
sold here. It is where commercial dealings are usually conducted.
Research Population and Sample and Sampling Technique
The populations of this study were the stores located at Barangay Mercado, Boac
Marinduque equivalent to 330 stores according to the record from the municipal office while
the sample of the study was all the kinds of stores located in Barangay Mercado, Boac,
Marinduque as suggested by the panels during the proposal of the study. The researchers
were advised to select only one representative from each kind of store to serve as their
respondents in the study. It was found out that there were 23 kinds of store in Barangay
Mercado according to the record from the municipal office.
Convenience sampling was the sampling technique that was utilized by the
researchers in conducting the study. Convenience sampling (also known as Haphazard
Sampling or Accidental Sampling) is a type of non-probability or non-random sampling
where members of the target population that meet certain practical criteria, such as easy
accessibility, geographical proximity, availability at a given time, or the willingness to
participate are included for the purpose of the study. It is also referred to the researching
subjects of the population that are easily accessible to the researcher. Convenience samples
29
are sometimes regarded as ‗accidental samples‘ because elements may be selected in the
sample simply as they just happen to be situated, spatially or administratively, near to where
the researcher is conducting the data collection. (Etikan, 2016).
Research Instrument
The research instrument used in the study was a researcher-made questionnaire that
was validated by the head of agencies in-charge with the implementation of Republic Act
10909 otherwise known as No Shortchanging Act of 2016. These agencies include
Department of Trade and Industry, Bureau of Internal Revenue and Department of Interior
and Local Government.
A questionnaire is an instrument for collecting data, and almost always involves
asking a given subject to respond to a set of oral or written questions. Surveys were
conducted through questionnaires and were made to elicit information about the study that
can be obtained through the written responses of the respondents. The statements written in
the self-made questionnaire are from the related literature of the study.
The survey questionnaire was composed of four parts. It was composed of items that
determined the demographic profile of the respondents in the first part. The second part
composed a rating scale that evaluated the level of awareness of the respondents to Republic
Act 10909 otherwise known as the No Short-changing Act of 2016 wherein the respondents
rated how aware they are about the law. The third part was composed of items that answered
how the respondents become aware of the law while the fourth and last part of the
30
questionnaire was composed of items that determined how the respondents respond to the the
implementation of the Republic Act 10909 otherwise known as the No Short-changing Act of
2016 wherein they chose from the given choices constructed by the researchers. (See
Appendix A)
Data Gathering Procedure
First, the researcher constructed a research questionnaire and requested for validation
to the head of the different agencies that are in-charge with the implementation of RA 10909
otherwise known as No Shortchanging Act of 2016 and ask for certification that the research
instrument was in order and can be used in the purposed of the study. (See Appendix A,
Appendix D.1 to Appendix D.6.)
Then, a letter of request was made by the researchers to request for the list of stores
located in Barangay Mercado and was sent to the Municipal office to select the respondents
of the study. (See Appendix D.7)
A permission letter to conduct the study and administer questionnaire was also
prepared and was sent to the Municipal Mayor of Boac and to the Barangay Captain of
Mercado, Boac, Marinduque. (See Appendix D.8 and Appendix D.9) A letter to the
respondents was also made by the researchers. (See Appendix D.10) The questionnaire that
was constructed by the researchers were validated by the concerned experts were distributed
to the respondents with the letter, then they were retrieved and the results were tallied,
analyzed and interpreted.
31
Statistical Treatment of Data
The researcher utilized descriptive statistics. Descriptive statistics is a brief
descriptive coefficient that summarized a given data set, which can be either a representation
of the entire or a sample of a population which involves the use of central tendency. The
researcher utilized the frequency count, percentage distribution, and weighted mean as
statistical tools for the collected data from the questionnaire.
Frequency Distribution
Frequency describes how often something occurs. Frequency distribution is a table
that displays the frequency of various outcomes in a sample. Frequency distribution was used
in listing the response of the respondents in every questions in the questionnaires that was
distributed by the researchers.
Percentage
A percentage frequency distribution is a display of data that specifies the percentage
of observations that exist for each data point or grouping of data points. It is a particularly
useful method of expressing the relative frequency of survey responses and other data. The
process of creating a percentage frequency distribution involves first identifying the total
number of observations to be represented; then counting the total number of observations
within each data point or grouping of data points; and then dividing the number of
32
observations within each data point or grouping of data points. This will be applicable in
comparing the variables in the study.
Weighted Mean
The researcher used weighted mean as statistical treatment to determine the level of
awareness of selected stores in Barangay Mercado, Boac, Marinduque.
Computation for the Weighted Value of Level of Awareness of the Respondents
Weighted Value= Frequency X Number of scale Used
Weighted Mean Computation
Weighted Mean = Total Weighted Value/ No. of Respondents
The Five (5) Point Likert – Scale used to determine the value of the computed mean.
Range Verbal Description Scale
4.21 – 5.00 Extremely Aware 5
3.41 – 4.20 Moderately Aware 4
2.61 – 3.40 Aware 3
1.81 – 2.60 Slightly Aware 2
1.00 – 1.80 Not Aware 1
33
CHAPTER IV
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
This chapter contains the presentation, analysis and interpretation of data gathered
from the instrument used in the study and presented according to the specific problem.
The results of the study were presented using graphic, tabular and textual
presentations.
Demographic Profile of the Respondents
1.1 Kinds of Store
Findings revealed that there were twenty four (23) kinds of stores located at Barangay
Mercado, Boac, Marinduque. These stores are the following:
1. Appliances Store 13. Gift Shop

2. Bakery 14. Green Store
3. Barber Shop 15. Jewerly/Accessories Store
4. Beauty Salon 16. Meat Shop
5. Boutique 17. Pet Shop
6. Convenience Store 18. Print Shop
7. Cosmetic Store 19. Relief Store (Ukay-Ukay)
8. Delicacy Store 20. Rice Store
9. Drug Store 21. Sari-sari Store
10. Eatery/Restaurant 22. Shoe Shop
11. Fish Shop 23. Telecommunication Store
12. General Merchandise
34
The stores stated above are under the scope of Republic Act 10909 otherwise known
as the No Shortchanging Act of 2016. The law promotes the non-use of candies or any other
alternatives in change for the goods bought by the customers. As stated in the law, it aims to
protect the consumers from losing money to sellers or businesses that does not give exact
change. Stores were obliged to have enough coins to give as a change to the costumers since
the law makes shortchanging illegal. Any stores, establishment, or any other business
establishments who disobey the provisions will be punish as stated on Republic Act 10909.
Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) is rigorously implementing the law and
monitored each business establishment around the country whether private and government
owned entities. They promote higher standard on treating consumers on the event of lack of
change and encourages retailers to just to give excess than to shortchange. This Act is a must
for the vendors or sellers to properly give change to the costumers.
Moreover, since Barangay Mercado is the center of commercial industry, almost
different types of stores can be found here.
Furthermore, using the data or record from the municipal office about the stores
located in Barangay Mercado, Boac, Marinduque, the researchers also found out that
majority of the stores located in Barangay Mercado were green stores, followed by sari-sari
stores and a clothing stores. These stores were said to be the majority since it provided the
basic needs of the people.
35
1.2 Number of Years in Operation as a Store
Figure 5 shows the profile of the respondents in terms of Numbers of Years in
Operation as a store. Findings revealed that majority which was equivalent to 21 or 91
percent of the respondents were operating their business for more than two years while
minority or two or nine percent of the respondents were operating their business for one to
two years and there was none of the respondents who operated their business less than a year.
The researcher also found out that the longest period of operation as store was more than 20
years because according to the respondents, their business started when they were still young
and it were even started by their parents, while the short period was one year.
2 or 9%
Less than a Year
One to Two Years
More than Two

Years
21 or 91%
Figure 5. Profile of the Respondents in Terms of Number of Years in Operation as a Store
36
The Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) warns the business that they will not be
exempted in committing shortchange on the costumers. Any store will face the consequences
of not following the rules; the punishment depends on the weight of offense. After the
Implementing Rules and Regulation (IRR) of the law was created, the law should be strictly
followed by the owners to avoid conflict if ever a consumer complain about being
shortchanged. Even though a business or establishments were new built, they are not excuse
or exempted to short change their costumers since it has been three (3) years after the law
was enacted and enforced to the public. Ignorance of the law excuses no one.
Awareness on Republic Act 10909 otherwise known as “No Shortchanging Act of 2016.”
Awareness of the Respondents
Figure 6 shows the percentage of the aware respondents on Republic Act 10909
otherwise known as No Shortchanging Act of 2016.
Results revealed that majority which was 21 or 91 percent were not aware with the
law while minority which was 2 or 9% were aware with the law. Findings unveiled that
majority of the respondents were not aware with the law however, the researchers found out
that the store owners were aware of the proper giving of change since it is already part of
doing a business, yet they were really not aware with the law. The respondents who were
only aware with the law are allowed to answer the next part of the questionnaire.
37
9%
NO
YES
91%
Figure 6. Percentage of The Respondents Who was aware of the Law
Republic Act 10909 otherwise known as No Shortchanging Act of 2016 was enacted
and enforced to the public three (3) years ago thus, the store owners are expected to be aware
and have knowledge about the law but according to Marquez (2018) we cannot deny the fact
that the longer the situation had either happened or passed, the higher the tendency that
people forget it/neglect it.
Moreover, according to Sanchez (2018) one negative trait of Filipinos is the ningas
kugon attitude which stated that Filipinos initially exhibit great enthusiasm at the beginning
of a project, however fades away after some time. They only follow a certain thing which
was new just like following the law, people tend to follow it when it is new, and later on
neglect it.
38
Furthermore, although majority of the respondents were not aware, they are not
exempted in Republic Act 10909 otherwise known as the No Short-changing Act of 2016.
Ignorance of the law excuses no one.
Level of Awareness of the Respondents to Republic Act 10909 otherwise known as No
Shortchanging Act Of 2016
Table 1 presents the level of awareness of the respondents to Republic Act 10909
otherwise known as No Shortchanging Act of 2016.
The above statements were gathered from the provisions of Republic Act 10909
otherwise known as No Shortchanging Act of 2016. It was used by the researchers to
determine if the store owners really know and were aware about the law.
Results revealed that all the provisions had a weighted mean of 0.39 which had a
verbal description of Not Aware. It was also revealed that it had an over-all weighted mean
of 0.07 which also had a verbal description of Not Aware. The result implied that the
respondents were not aware of the law. However, the researchers found out that the
respondents were not aware with the law yet they were aware with the proper changing since
it is already part of doing business.
39
Table 1. Level of Awareness of the Respondents on Republic Act 10909 otherwise known as
―No Shortchanging Act of 2016.‖
Provisions of Republic Act 10909 otherwise known as Weighted Verbal
No Shortchanging Act of 2016 Mean Description
1. Republic Act 10909 states that it shall be the duty of the
business establishment to give the exact change to the 0.39 Not Aware
consumer.
2. It also states that it shall be unlawful for any business
establishment to shortchange a consumer, even if such change 0.39 Not Aware
is only of a small amount.
establishment to use any form of change to consumer such as 0.39 Not Aware
candies.
4.. Any violation of this Act as determined by the DTI under
Section 5 hereof shall be punished as follows:
 for the first offense, a violator shall be fined five hundred
pesos (P500.00) or three percent (3%) of the gross sales of
the business establishment on the day of the violation,
whichever is higher;
 for the second offense, a violator shall be fined five
thousand pesos(P5,000.00) or five percent (5%)of the gross
sales of the business establishment on the day of the
violation, whichever is higher;
 for the third offense, a violator shall be fined fifteen
thousand pesos (P15,000.00) or seven percent (7%) of the
gross sales of the business establishment on the day of the
0.39 Not Aware
violation, whichever is higher, and the license to operate of
the business establishment shall be suspended for three (3)
months;
 and for the fourth offense, a violator shall be fined twenty-
five thousand pesos (P25,000.00) or ten percent (10%) of
the gross sales of the business establishment on the day of
the violation, whichever is higher, and the license to
operate of the business establishment shall be revoked.
 In addition to the amount of the fine mentioned above, the
total amount of change the establishment failed or refused
to give, as determined from the audit of the DTI, shall be
paid by the said establishment to the complainant.
Overall Weighted Mean 0.07 Not Aware
40
Thus, giving of candies or any item in lieu of the exact amount is not allowed. The cashiers
Lacking loose bills or coins should not be an excuse. The law stated that such excuse
will not give any exemptions the seller must deliver the cent-per-cent amount by all means.
(Villalon, 2016)
exact amount of change. Likewise, it is also the duty of the costumers to ensure the exact
amount of change is received immediately after every transaction. (Cardinal, 2019)
Sources of Awareness of the Respondents on Republic Act 10909 otherwise known as
“No Shortchanging Act of 2016.”
Table 2 shows the different sources wherein the respondents gathered knowledge and
awareness about Republic Act 10909 otherwise known as ―No Shortchanging Act of 2016.‖
The results revealed that only two (2) or nine (9) percent of the respondents were
aware with the law and findings revealed that Barangay/Municipal Meetings/Assembly,
Orientation, Seminar and Social Media had the same highest percentage of being the source
41
of awareness of the law which was equivalent to 9% while Internet and News had a
percentage of 4%. None of the respondents stated that they gather information from books.
Table 2. Sources of Awareness of the Respondents on Republic Act 10909 otherwise known
as “No Shortchanging Act of 2016.‖
Sources of Information Frequency Percentage

Barangay/Municipal Meetings/Assembly 2 9%
Books 0 0%
Internet 1 4%
News 1 4%
Orientation 2 9%
Seminar 2 9%
Social Media 2 9%
Barangay/Municipal Meetings/Assembly, Orientation, Seminar and Social Media
were really the most common source of information. When a new law was enforced it is
really been publicized for general circulation, meetings, assembly, orientation and seminar
are examples of sources. Moreover, when starting a business these three are also conducted
to inform and educate people the do's and don'ts in the business.
Furthermore, social media are increasingly being used as an information source.
Newer communication technologies have increased the possibilities for how people can send
and receive information. Social media are one such technology that has seen increased usage
as an information source (Pepitone, 2010).
42
Response of the Respondents on the Implementation of Republic Act 10909 otherwise
known as “No Shortchanging Act of 2016.”
Table 3 shows how the store owners responded to the implementation of Republic
Act 10909 otherwise known as ―No Shortchanging Act of 2016.‖
The results revealed that only two (2) or nine (9) percent of the respondents were
aware of the law and findings revealed that the aware respondents did the following
statements stated above which had the same percentage equivalent to 9% except with posting
notices to remind cashier to give exact change since they themselves were the cashier of their
own stores.
43
Table 3 Response of the Respondents on the Implementation of Republic Act 10909
otherwise known as ―No Shortchanging Act of 2016.‖
Response on The Implementation of Republic Act 10909

Tally Percentage
otherwise known as “No Shortchanging Act of 2016.”
1. Give exact amount of change without waiting for the

2 9%
costumer to ask for it.
2. Do not use any form of change except money. 2 9%
3. Use price tags appropriate in goods and services being

2 9%
offered for sale.
4. Issues official receipt to the costumer when ask for it. 2 9%

5. Post notices to remind cashier to give exact change 0 0%
6. Double check the giving of change to costumer. 2 9%
7. Always have coins to be given as change to costumer. 2 9%
8. Accommodate costumer when costumer complains about

2 9%
the given change.
9. Attending and conducting seminars and orientation about

2 9%
the law with fellow business owners.
10. Making sure all the employee of the establishments is

2 9%
aware of the law.
exact amount of change. Likewise, it is also the duty of the costumers to ensure the exact
amount of change is received immediately after every transaction. (Cardinal, 2019)
44
Price tag is also required under the law which indicates the exact retail price per unit
or the service which already include the taxes applicable to the goods or services being
offered. Official receipt must also be issued.
Thus, giving of candies or any item in lieu of the exact amount is not allowed.The cashiers
Lacking loose bills or coins should not be an excuse. The law states that such excuse
will not give any exemptions the seller must deliver the cent-per-cent amount by all means.
(Villalon, 2016)
It is also an etiquette to accommodate costumer when costumer complains about the
given change. It is also the responsibility of the store owners to attend and seminars and
orientation about the law and they should also make sure that all the employee of the
establishments is aware of the law.
The findings of the study is somewhat inclined with the study entitled Level of
Awareness and Extent Implementation in Republic Act 10909 Otherwise known as No
Shortchanging Act of 2016 of the Owners, Cashiers and Costumers on Microeconomics
Establishment in Boac, Marinduque, conducted by Rivadenera in 2017. It is inclined in a
way that this study also determined the level of awareness of store owners about the law, yet
the results were not similar. Based on her study, it was found out that store owners were
45
aware of the law which was in contrast with the present study, findings in the present study
revealed that store owners were not aware with the law however the researcher found out that
store owners may not be aware of the law yet they know the proper changing to the
costumers since it is part of doing business.
In addition, Rivadenera‘s study focused on the level of awareness and extent of
implementation of the law while the present study focused also on the level of awareness and
the response of the store owners in implementing the law.
Moreover, when it comes to the respondents, the present study is in different from the
the respondents of the related study, the respondents of the present study were the store
owners, on the otherhand, respondents of the related study were not only the store owners but
also the cashiers and the costumers.
Implication of the Findings of the Study
The results of the study implied that the respondents were not aware with the law so
this meant that there should be a specific action for them to be aware with the law. Thus, the
researchers proposed an awareness campaign through the use of social media advertisement
and an orientation and seminar. (See Appendix E and Appendix F)
46
CHAPTER V
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This chapter presents the summary of the findings of the study, conclusion, and
recommendation which was based on the findings and conclusion drawn.
Summary of Findings
Findings revealed that there were twenty four (23) kinds of stores located at Barangay
Mercado, Boac, Marinduque namely Appliances Store, Bakery, Barber Shop, Beauty Salon,
Boutique, Convenience Store, Cosmetic Store, Delicacy Store, Drug Store, Eatery/Restaurant
Fish Shop, General Merchandise, Gift Shop, Green Store, Jewelry/Accessories Store, Meat
Shop, Pet Shop, Print Shop, Relief Store (Ukay-Ukay), Rice Store, Sari-sari Store, Shoe
Shop and Telecommunication Store.
Since Barangay Mercado is the center of commercial industry, almost different types
of stores could be found here. Furthermore, using the data or record from the municipal
office about the stores located in Barangay Mercado, Boac, Marunduque, the researchers also
found out that majority of the stores located in Barangay Mercado were green stores,
followed by sari-sari stores and a clothing stores. These stores are said to be the majority
since it provides the basic needs of the people.
Findings also revealed that majority or 21 or 91 percent of the respondents were
operating their business for more than two years while minority or two or nine percent of the
respondents were operating their business for one to two years and there was none of the
47
respondents who operated their business less than a year. The researcher also found out that
the longest period of operation as store was more than 20 years because according to the
respondents, their business started when they were still young and it even started with their
parents, while the short period was one year.
Even though a business or establishments were new built, they are not excused or
exempted to short change their costumers since it has been three (3) years after the law was
enacted and enforced to the public. Ignorance of the law excuses no one.
In addition results revealed that majority which was 21 or 91 percent were not aware
with the law while minority which was 2 or 9% were aware with the law. Results revealed
that all the provisions had a weighted mean of 0.39 which had a verbal description of Not
Aware. It was also revealed that it had an over-all weighted mean of 0.07 which also had a
verbal description of Not Aware.
Findings unveiled that majority of the respondents were not aware with the law
however, the researchers found out that the store owners were aware of the proper giving of
change since it is already part of doing a business, yet they were really not aware with the
law.
It was also found out that Barangay/Municipal Meetings/Assembly, Orientation,
Seminar and Social Media had the same highest percentage of being the source of awareness
of the law which was equivalent to 9% while Internet and News had a percentage of 4%.
None of the respondents stated that they gather information from books.
48
Findings also revealed that in response to the implementation of the law, the aware
respondents gave exact amount of change without waiting for the costumer to ask for it, they
do not use any form of change except money, they use price tags appropriate in goods and
services being offered for sale, they also issues official receipt to the costumer when ask for
it, they double check the giving of change to costumer, they always have coins to be given as
change to costumer, they accommodate costumer when costumer complains about the given
change, they are fond of attending and conducting seminars and orientation about the law
with fellow business owners and they make sure all the employee of the establishments is
aware of the law since it has the same highest percentage equivalent to 9%. Findings also
revealed that among all the suggested responses to the implementation prepared by the
researchers, the respondents do not post notices to remind cashier to give exact change since
they themselves were the cashier of their stores.
The findings of the study was somewhat inclined with the study entitled Level of
Awareness and Extent Implementation in Republic Act 10909 Otherwise known as No
Shortchanging Act of 2016 of the Owners, Cashiers and Costumers on Microeconomics
Establishment in Boac, Marinduque, conducted by Rivadenera in 2017. It is inclined in a
way that this study also determined the level of awareness of store owners about the law, yet
the results were not similar. Based on her study, it was found out that store owners were
aware of the law which was in contrast with the present study, findings in the present study
revealed that store owners were not aware with the law however the researcher found out that
49
store owners may not be aware of the law yet they know the proper changing to the
costumers since it is part of doing business.
In addition, Rivadenera‘s study focused on the level of awareness and extent of
implementation of the law while the present study focused also on the level of awareness and
the response of the store owners in implementing the law.
Moreover, when it comes to the respondents, the present study is different from the
respondents of the related study, the respondents of the present study were the store owners,
on the other hand, respondents of the related study were not only the store owners but also
the cashiers and the costumers.
The results of the study implied that the respondents were not aware with the law so
this meant that there should be a specific action for them to be aware with the law. Thus, the
researchers proposed an awareness campaign through the use of social media advertisement
and an orientation seminar.
Conclusion
Based on the findings of the study, the researchers concluded that the respondents
were not aware with Republic Act 10909 otherwise known as the No Shortchanging Act of
2016. The store owners know the proper giving of change to costumers but they were not
aware with the law.
Findings of the study also implied that there should really be an awareness campaign
to be conducted in order for the people to be aware and informed about Republic Act 10909
50
otherwise known as the No Shortchanging Act of 2016. Thus, the researchers proposed an
awareness campaign through the use of social media advertisement and an orientation
seminar.
Recommendations
Based on the findings and the conclusion of the study, the researchers recommend the
following:
1. The researchers recommended that the government and the Department of Trade and
Industry should advocate seminars and other awareness campaigns about RA 10909 not only
for the store owners but also for the general public for them to have awareness with the law.
2. The researchers recommend the future researchers to conduct a study using other
objectives such as determining the extent of implementation and compliance to Republic Act
10909 otherwise known as the No Short-changing Act of 2016. They may also conduct it in
different research locals and different respondents and compare the results with this study.
3. Moreover, the researcher would also like to recommend this research study for future
studies about the awareness on Republic Act 10909 otherwise known as the No Short-
changing Act of 2016. This study could be the basis of data and information about the said
laws.
4. The researchers also recommends any individual who experienced to be shortchanged or
any victim of shortchanging not to be afraid to fight for their rights as costumers and do not
be afraid to report violations committed regarding the law.
51
5. The researchers further recommended that if ever there was an awareness campaign
conducted people should apply what they have learned from the awareness campaign and
share it to others. They should participate in raising awareness about the law.
52
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Electronic References
Change is coming: The No Shortchanging Act of 2016. Retrieved on October 18, 2019
from https://divinalaw.com/change-coming-no-shortchanging-act-2016/
Different Types of Store/Shop. Retrieved on October 18, 2019 from
slideshare.net/veronikka_carmela/shop -and-its-different types
Feasibility of Implementing a Price Rounding Scheme for Cash Transactions in the
Philippines. Retrieved on October 18, 2019 from
http://www.bsp.gov.ph/downloads/publications/2017/BS2017_04.pdf
No Shortchanging Act (Republic Act 10909) Retrieved on October 18, 2019 from
https://www.senate.gov.ph/republic_acts/ra%2010909.pdf
What Businesses Should Know about the No Shortchanging Act (Republic Act 10909)
Retrieved on October 18, 2019 from https://businesstips.ph/no-shortchanging-act-ra-
10909/
What is store. Retrieved on October 18, 2019 from
https://www.etymonline.com/word/storehouse
E-journals
Marketing Challenges of Satisfying Consumers Changing Expectations and Preferences in a
Competitive Market. Retrieved on October 18, 2019 from
file:///C:/Users/PC/Downloads/50997-184945-1-PB.pdf
53
Images
Illustration of Boac, Marinduque, Philippines. Retrieved on October 18, 2019 from
http://google.com
Illustration of Mercado, Boac, Marinduque Philippines. Retrieved on October 18, 2019 from
http://www.google.map.com
Illustration of the Philippines. Retrieved on October 18, 2019 from
http.//www.google.map.com
News Articles
DTI reiterates stores' compliance to 'No Shortchanging Act of 2016'. Retrieved on October
18, 2019 from https://pia.gov.ph/news/articles/1016481
DTI Welcomes Revised UN Guidelines for Consumer Protection. Retrieved on October
18, 2019 from https://www.dti.gov.ph/media/latest-news/425-dti-welcomes-revised-
un-guidelines-for-consumer-protection
Manila- ―Barya lang po sa Umaga‖. Retrieved on October 18, 2019 from
https://news.abs-cbn.com/business/08/02/16/new-ph-law-ensures-consumers-get-
exact-change
Unpublished Work
Rivadenera, K. (2017). Level of Awareness and Extent Implementation in Republic Act
10909 Otherwise known as No Shortchanging Act of 2016 of the Owners, Cashiers
and Costumers on Microeconomics Establishment in Boac, Marinduque,
54
APPENDICES
55
APPENDIX – A Research Instrument
I. Profile of the Respondents
Name:__________________________________
Kinds of Store:
Boutique Beauty Salon
Bakery Drug Store
Meat Shop Cosmetic Store
Fish Stop Department Store
Mini Store Convenience Store
Relief Store (Ukay-Ukay) Eatery
Green Store Others: Please Specify:
Rice Store __________
Telecommunication Store
Number of Years in Operation as a Store: ______________

Less than one year
One to two years
More than two years
Direction: On a scale of 1-5, personally rate how aware you are with the statements
by putting check marks on the table below.
5- Extremely Aware
4- Highly Aware
3- Moderately Aware
2- Slightly Aware
1- Not Aware
56
Provisions of Republic Act 10909 otherwise known as 5 4 3 2 1

No Shortchanging Act of 2016
1. Republic Act 10909 states that it shall be the duty of the
business establishment to give the exact change to the
consumer.
establishment to shortchange a consumer, even if such
change is only of a small amount.
establishment to use any form of change to consumer such
as candies.
4.. Any violation of this Act as determined by the DTI under
Section 5 hereof shall be punished as follows:
 for the first offense, a violator shall be fined five
hundred pesos (P500.00) or three percent (3%) of the
gross sales of the business establishment on the day of
the violation, whichever is higher;
 for the second offense, a violator shall be fined five
thousand pesos(P5,000.00) or five percent (5%)of the
gross sales of the business establishment on the day of
the violation, whichever is higher;
 for the third offense, a violator shall be fined fifteen
thousand pesos (P15,000.00) or seven percent (7%) of
the gross sales of the business establishment on the day
of the violation, whichever is higher, and the license to
operate of the business establishment shall be suspended
for three (3) months;
 and for the fourth offense, a violator shall be fined
twenty-five thousand pesos (P25,000.00) or ten percent
(10%) of the gross sales of the business establishment
on the day of the violation, whichever is higher, and the
license to operate of the business establishment shall be
revoked.
 In addition to the amount of the fine mentioned above,
the total amount of change the establishment failed or
refused to give, as determined from the audit of the DTI,
shall be paid by the said establishment to the
complainant.
57
III. Source of Awareness on Republic Act 10909 otherwise known as “No

Shortchanging Act of 2016”.
Republic Act 10909 otherwise known as “No Shortchanging Act of 2016”. You can
check as many boxes as you can.
Barangay/Municipal Meetings/Assembly
Books
Internet
News
Orientation
Seminar
Social Media
Others: Please Specify: __________
IV. Respond to the Implementation of Republic Act 10909 otherwise known as “No
Shortchanging Act of 2016”.
implementation of Republic Act 10909 otherwise known as “No Shortchanging Act of

2016”. You can check as many boxes as you can.
Give exact amount of change without waiting for the costumer to ask for it.
Do not use any form of change except money.
Use price tags appropriate in goods and services being offered for sale.
Issues official receipt to the costumer when ask for it.
Post notices to remind cashier to give exact change.
Double check the giving of change to costumer.
Always have coins to be given as change to costumer.
Accommodate costumer when costumer complains about the given change.
Attending and conducting seminars and orientation about the law with fellow
business owners.
Making sure all the employee of the establishments is aware of the law.
58
APPENDIX - B Republic Act 10909
otherwise known as “No Shortchanging Act
of 2016”.
59
60
61
62
63
APPENDIX – C Implementing Rules and
Regulations of the RA 10909 otherwise known as No
Shortchanging Act of 2016.
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
APPENDIX D
Administrative Letters
71
APPENDIX – D.1 Letter to the Department
of Trade and Industry
72
APPENDIX - D.2 Letter to the Bureau of
Internal Revenue
73
APPENDIX - D.3 Letter to the Department
of Interior and Local Government
74
APPENDIX - D.4 Certification of Validation
of Questionnaire from Department of Trade
and Industry
75
of Questionnaire from Bureau of Internal
Revenue
76
of Questionnaire from Department of Local
and Interior Government
77
APPENDIX - D.7 Letter to Select the
Respondents
78
Appendix - D.8 Letter to the Municipal
Mayor of Boac Marinduque
79
Appendix - D.9 Letter to the Barangay
Captain of Barangay Mercado, Boac
Marinduque
80
APPENDIX - D.10 Letter to the Respondents
81
APPENDIX - E Proposed Social Media
Advertisement
I. Title: Consumer and Seller Empowerment: Learn It. Apply It. Share It.
II. Proponents: Abegail G. Martinez, Ma. Concepcion S. Saguid, and Schae Ann M. Motol
III. Purpose:
This social media advertisement is designed to inform and disseminate information
about Republic Act 10909 otherwise known as No Shortchanging Act of 2016 to the general
public especially to business establishment owners and other concerned persons under the
coverage of the law through pictures, posters, or videos to be shared in social media
platforms with the hashtag: (#StopShortchanging)
IV. Objective
a. To discuss Republic Act 10909 otherwise known as No Shortchanging Act of 2016.
b. To informed the business establishment owners and other persons under the coverage of
the law about their responsibility to the consumers and to make the consumer assert their
rights as a consumer.
Content
1. Information about Republic Act 10909 otherwise known as No Shortchanging Act of
2016.
2. Ways to Comply with the Implementation of the Law
82
APPENDIX – F Proposed Program
Orientation and Seminar
Title of Activity: Proposed Program Orientation and Seminar about Republic Act 10909
otherwise known as No Shortchanging Act of 2016
Venue: Boac Convention Hall (Santol, Boac, Marinduque)
Theme: Promoting Responsibility Through Awareness
( Pagpapalawig ng Kaalaman Tungo sa Pagiging Responsableng Konsyumer ng Bayan)
Persons and Agencies Involved:
• Municipal Mayor of Boac
• Barangay Captain and Officials
• Business Establishments Owners and Other Persons under the Coverage of the Law
Located in Boac
• Residents of Municipality of Boac
• Department of Trade and Industry
• Department of Interior and Local Government
Objectives:
1. Inform and discuss Republic Act 10909 otherwise known as No Shortchanging Act of
2016
2. The attendees are expected to follow and apply and share the leanings they gather
from the orientation and seminar and do not return to their old practice.
83
Flow of Activity:
I. Opening......................................................................................Abegail G. Martinez
A. Opening Prayer
B. Singing of National Anthem
II. Opening Remarks......................................................................Municipal Mayor of Boac
III. Presentation of Objectives.......................................................Schae Ann Motol
IV. Introduction of Speaker...........................................................Maria Concepcion S. Saguid
V. Orientation about Republic Act 10909 otherwise known as No Shortchanging Act of 2016
.......................................................................................................Speaker from DTI
VI. Sharing
VII. Token of Gratitude to the Speaker (Certification of Recognition)
VIII. Snacks
VIX. Closing Remarks...................................................................Abegail G. Martinez
84
CURRICULUM
VITAE
85
PERSONAL DATA
Name: Abegail G. Martinez
Age: 20 years old
Date of Birth: September 28, 1999
Place of Birth: Dasmarinas, Cavite, Philippines
Home Address: Mahunig, Gasan, Marinduque
Father’s Name: Narciso S. Martinez
Mother’s Name: Reynalda G. Martinez
Contact Number: 09565782740
Email Address: abibiya03@gmail.com
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Tertiary Education
Bachelor of Secondary Education Major in Social Studies
Tanza, Boac, Marinduque
A.Y. 2019-2020
Secondary Education
Senior High School
General Academic Strand
Marinduque Midwest College
86
Dili, Gasan Marinduque
S.Y. 2016-2017 to 2017-2018
Junior High School
Marinduque Midwest College
Dili, Gasan Marinduque
S.Y. 2012-2013 to 2015-2016
Elementary Education
Banot-Mahunig Elementary School
Banot, Gasan Marinduque
S.Y. 2006-2007 to 2011-2012
SKILLS
Oriented in Microsoft Office Applications such as
Microsoft Office Word
Microsoft Office Excel
Microsoft Office Publisher
Microsoft Office PowerPoint
Capable of editing pictures, videos, and files using different Microsoft Windows
Application
PERSONAL INFORMATION
87
Name: Schae Anne M. Motol
Age: 20 years old
Birthdate: August 14, 1999
Place of Birth: Cawit, Boac, Marinduque
Home Address: Cawit, Boac, Marinduque
Name of Father: Rolly M. Motol
Name of Mother: Marygene M. Motol
Email Address: schaesam123@gmail.com
Tertiary Education
Marinduque State Colege
A.Y. 2019-2020
Secondary Education
Senior High School
General Academic Strand
Marinduque National High School
Isok 1, Boac, Marinduque
2016-2018
Junior High School
Cawit National Comprehensive High School
Cawit, Boac, Marinduque
2012-2016
88
Cawit Elementary School
Cawit, Boac, Marinduque
2006-2012
SKILLS
PERSONAL INFORMATION
Name: Ma. Concepcion S. Saguid

89
Age: 21 years old
Birthdate: December 07, 1998
Place of Birth: Bangbang, Gasan, Marinduque
Home Address: Bangbang, Gasan, Marinduque
Name of Father: Danilo M. Saguid
Name of Mother: Evelyn S. Saguid
Email Address: saguidmariaconcepcion72@gmail.com
Tertiary Education
Marinduque State Colege
A.Y. 2019-2020
Secondary Education
Senior High School
Information and Communication Technology
The Sister of Mary of Banneux, Inc.
Bo. Biga II, Silang Cavite
2016-2018
Junior High School

The Sister of Mary of Banneux, Inc.
90
Bo. Biga II, Silang Cavite

2012-2016
Bangbang Elementary School
Bangbang, Gasan, Marinduque
2006-2012
SKILLS
91

Level of Awareness of The Selected Stores in Barangay Mercado, Boac, Marinduque On The Republic Act 10909 Otherwise Known As The No Short Changing Act

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Originaltitel

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

Level of Awareness of The Selected Stores in Barangay Mercado, Boac, Marinduque On The Republic Act 10909 Otherwise Known As The No Short Changing Act

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

Republic of the Philippines

Marinduque State College

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

worth change to their customers.

On December 2016, No Shortchanging Act Implementing Rules and Regulation

decency, integrity and professionalism among Filipino businesses (Villalon,2016).

In connection with this, this law is also applicable to government-owned entities, as

short-changed by a receptionist after he checked in the hotel to board for a three-day

vacation. Here in the Philippines, short-changing is widely experience by everyone in any

problem of students. It is an inconvenience of every student when they were short-changed in

that makes it difficult to be short-changed.

No Shortchanging Act of 2016. In addition, this study aimed to determine if the

right denomination to complete a customer‘s change.

Statement of the Problem

as the No Shortchanging Act of 2016.

Specifically, it sought to answer the following questions:

1. What is the profile of the selected stores in terms of the following:

a) Kinds of Store; and

b) Number of Years in Operation as a Store

known as the No Shortchanging Act of 2016?

Barangay Mercado, Boac, Marinduque?

Significance of the Study

known as the No Shortchanging Act of 2016.

implementation of Republic Act 10909 otherwise known as the No Shortchanging Act of

Scope and Delimitations of the Study

Boac, Marinduque. This study was conducted on October to December 2019.

Input Process Output

Figure 1. Research Paradigm

The following terms are operationally defined/used words in the study.

Act. A written ordinance of Congress or another legislative body.

Awareness. Knowing and understanding that a situation exists.

Change. The return coins after buying a product or availing services.

of selling the maximum amount of products possible to consumers.

Department of Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR). An agency of Department of Finance

Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG). Executive department

of Republic Act10909 otherwise known as the No Shortchanging Act of 2016.

Implementation. To execute the law to the public.

Implication. The possible or future effect of something.

conducted. It is also a Spanish word for market.

Program Orientation and Seminar. An activity that is to be conducted as an another output

to be proposed by the researchers in raising an awareness about Republic Act 10909

otherwise Known as the No Shortchanging Act of 2016.

Shortchange. It refers to giving less than the correct amount of change.

Social Media Advertisement. An output to be proposed by the researchers in raising an

Provision. Refers to the things that should be followed in a ceratin law.

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

stores on Republic Act 10909, otherwise known as No Shortchanging Act of 2016 in

Barangay. Mercado, Boac, Marinduque.

Foreign and Local Literature

According to Collins dictionary, a store is a building or part of a building where

trades, as a carpenter's shop a blacksmith's shop a shoemaker's shop. While, if we refer to a

speak of it as a store, as stated by (C.J. Brickell,December term, 1875).

The following are the different kinds of store:

oven, and etc.

3. Barber Shop - a people where people go to get their hair cut.

color, manicure, pedicure and etc.

5. Boutique Store - a small store that sells fashionable clothes or decorations.

human body for cleansing, beautifying, and etc.

8. Delicacies Store - a store selling foods already prepared or requiring a little

preparation for serving.

10. Eatery- a restaurant or other commercial establishment serving food.

11. Fish Shop- a store that sells fish; a fishmonger's

15. Jewelry/Accessories Store- a store that sells jewelry and accessories