Table of Contents

1. Logical Functions.........................................................................................1

1.1. AND Function.......................................................................................1

1.2. FALSE Function...................................................................................1

1.3. IF Function............................................................................................1

1.4. IFERROR Function..............................................................................1

1.5. IFNA Function......................................................................................1

1.6. NOT Function.......................................................................................1

1.7. OR Function..........................................................................................1

1.8. TRUE Function.....................................................................................2

1.9. XOR Function.......................................................................................2

2. Mathematic & Trigonometric Functions......................................................2

2.1. ABS Function........................................................................................2

2.2. ACOS Function.....................................................................................2

2.3. ACOSH Function..................................................................................2

2.4. ACOT Function....................................................................................2

2.5. ACOTH Function..................................................................................2

2.6. AGGREGATE Function.......................................................................2

2.7. ARABIC Function................................................................................3

2.8. ASIN Function......................................................................................3

2.9. ASINH Function...................................................................................3

2.10. ATAN Function....................................................................................3

2.11. ATAN2 Function..................................................................................3

2.12. ATANH Function.................................................................................3

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2.13. BASE Function.....................................................................................3

2.14. CEILING Function...............................................................................4

2.15. CEILING.MATH Function...................................................................4

2.16. CEILING.PRECISE Function..............................................................4

2.17. COMBIN Function...............................................................................4

2.18. COMBINA Function............................................................................4

2.19. COS Function........................................................................................4

2.20. COSH Function.....................................................................................4

2.21. COT Function.......................................................................................4

2.22. COTH Function....................................................................................5

2.23. CSC Function........................................................................................5

2.24. CSCH Function.....................................................................................5

2.25. DECIMAL Function.............................................................................5

2.26. DEGREES Function.............................................................................5

2.27. EVEN Function.....................................................................................5

2.28. EXP Function........................................................................................5

2.29. FACT Function.....................................................................................5

2.30. FACTDOUBLE Function.....................................................................5

2.31. FLOOR Function..................................................................................5

2.32. FLOOR.MATH Function.....................................................................6

2.33. FLOOR.PRECISE Function.................................................................6

2.34. GCD Function.......................................................................................6

2.35. INT Function.........................................................................................6

2.36. ISO.CEILING Function........................................................................6

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2.37. LCM Function.......................................................................................6

2.38. LN Function..........................................................................................6

2.39. LOG Function.......................................................................................7

2.40. LOG10 Function...................................................................................7

2.41. MDETERM Function...........................................................................7

2.42. MINVERSE Function...........................................................................7

2.43. MMULT Function................................................................................7

2.44. MOD Function......................................................................................7

2.45. MROUND Function..............................................................................7

2.46. MULTINOMIAL Function...................................................................7

2.47. MUNIT Function..................................................................................7

2.48. ODD Function.......................................................................................8

2.49. PI Function............................................................................................8

2.50. POWER Function.................................................................................8

2.51. PRODUCT Function.............................................................................8

2.52. QUOTIENT Function...........................................................................8

2.53. RADIANS Function..............................................................................8

2.54. RAND Function....................................................................................8

2.55. RANDBETWEEN Function.................................................................8

2.56. ROMAN Function................................................................................8

2.57. ROUND Function.................................................................................9

2.58. ROUNDDOWN Function.....................................................................9

2.59. ROUNDUP Function............................................................................9

2.60. SEC Function........................................................................................9

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 2.61. SECH Function.....................................................................................9

2.62. SERIESSUM Function.........................................................................9

2.63. SIGN Function......................................................................................9

2.64. SIN Function.........................................................................................9

2.65. SINH Function......................................................................................9

2.66. SQRT Function...................................................................................10

2.67. SQRTPI Function................................................................................10

2.68. SUBTOTAL Function........................................................................10

2.69. SUM Function.....................................................................................10

2.70. SUMIF Function.................................................................................10

2.71. SUMIFS Function...............................................................................10

2.72. SUMPRODUCT Function..................................................................10

2.73. SUMSQ Function................................................................................10

2.74. SUMX2MY2 Function.......................................................................10

2.75. SUMX2PY2 Function.........................................................................11

2.76. SUMXMY2 Function.........................................................................11

2.77. TAN Function.....................................................................................11

2.78. TANH Function..................................................................................11

2.79. TRUNC Function................................................................................11

3. Date & Time Functions..............................................................................11

3.1. Date Function......................................................................................11

3.2. DATEVALUE Function.....................................................................11

3.3. DAY Function.....................................................................................11

3.4. DAYS Function..................................................................................12

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 3.5. DAYS360 Function............................................................................12

3.6. EDATE Function................................................................................12

3.7. EOMONTH Function.........................................................................12

4. Text Functions............................................................................................12

4.1. ASC Function......................................................................................12

4.2. BAHTTEXT Function........................................................................12

4.3. CHAR Function..................................................................................13

4.4. CLEAN Function................................................................................13

4.5. CODE Function..................................................................................13

4.6. CONCATENATE Function................................................................13

4.7. DOLLAR Function.............................................................................13

4.8. EXACT Function................................................................................13

4.9. JIS Function........................................................................................13

4.10. LOWER Function...............................................................................13

4.11. NUMBERVALUE Function...............................................................14

4.12. PROPER Function..............................................................................14

4.13. REPT Function....................................................................................14

4.14. T Function...........................................................................................14

4.15. UPPER Function.................................................................................14

FORMULAS 1. Logical Functions

DESCRIPTION 1.1. AND Function
Description
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 Returns TRUE if all its Syntax
arguments evaluate to TRUE;
returns FALSE if one or more IFERROR(value,
arguments evaluate to FALSE. One value_if_error)
common use for the AND function
is to expand the usefulness of other 1.5. IFNA Function
functions that perform logical tests. Description
Syntax: AND(logical1, ...) Returns the value you specify if the
formula returns the #N/A error
1.2. FALSE Function value; otherwise returns the result of
Description the formula.
Returns the logical value FALSE. Syntax
Syntax: FALSE( ) IFNA(value,
1.3. IF Function value_if_na)
Description 1.6. NOT Function
The IF function returns one value if Description
a condition you specify evaluates to Reverses the value of its argument.
TRUE, and another value if that Use NOT when you want to make
condition evaluates to FALSE. sure a value is not equal to one
Syntax particular value.

IF(logical_test, Syntax: NOT(logical)

[value_if_true],
[value_if_false])
1.7. OR Function
Description
Returns TRUE if any argument is
TRUE; returns FALSE if all
arguments are FALSE.
1.4. IFERROR Function
Description Syntax: OR(logical1,
[logical2], ...)
Returns a value you specify if a
formula evaluates to an error; 1.8. TRUE Function
otherwise, returns the result of the Description
formula. Use the IFERROR function
to trap and handle errors in a Returns the logical value TRUE.
formula. Syntax: TRUE( )

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1.9. XOR Function value whose hyperbolic cosine is
Description number, so
ACOSH(COSH(number)) equals
Returns a logical Exclusive OR of number.
all arguments.
Syntax: ACOSH(number)
Syntax: XOR(logical ,…)
2.4. ACOT Function
2. Mathematic & Description
Trigonometric Returns the principal value of the
arccotangent, or inverse cotangent,
Functions
of a number.
2.1. ABS Function
Syntax: ACOT(number)
Description
Returns the absolute value of a 2.5. ACOTH Function
number. The absolute value of a Description
number is the number without its Returns the inverse hyperbolic
sign. cotangent of a number.
Syntax: ABS(number) Syntax: ACOTH(number)
2.2. ACOS Function 2.6. AGGREGATE
Description
Function
Returns the arccosine, or inverse Description
cosine of a number.
Returns an aggregate in a list or
The arccosine is the angle whose database.
cosine is number. The returned angle
Syntax
is given in radians in the range 0
(zero) to pi. AGGREGATE(function_num
, options, ref1, [ref2], …)
Syntax: ACOS(number)

2.3. ACOSH Function 2.7. ARABIC Function

Description
Description
Converts a Roman numeral to an
Returns the inverse hyperbolic
Arabic numeral.
cosine of a number. The number
must be greater than or equal to 1. Syntax: ARABIC( text )
The inverse hyperbolic cosine is the
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2.8. ASIN Function point with coordinates (x_num,
Description y_num). The angle is given in
radians between -pi and pi,
Returns the arcsine, or inverse sine, excluding -pi.
of a number. The arcsine is the angle
whose sine is number. The returned Syntax: ATAN2(x_num, y_num)
angle is given in radians in the range 2.12. ATANH
-pi/2 to pi/2.
Function
Syntax: ASIN(number) Description
2.9. ASINH Function Returns the inverse hyperbolic
Description tangent of a number. Number must
be between -1 and 1 (excluding -1
Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine
and 1). The inverse hyperbolic
of a number. The inverse hyperbolic
tangent is the value whose
sine is the value whose hyperbolic
hyperbolic tangent is number.
sine is number, so
ASINH(SINH(number)) equals Syntax: ATANH(number)
number.
2.13. BASE Function
Syntax: ASINH(number) Description
2.10. ATAN Function Converts a number into a text
Description representation with the given radix
(base).
Returns the arctangent, or inverse
tangent, of a number. The arctangent Syntax
is the angle whose tangent is
BASE(Number,Radix [Min_length])
number. The returned angle is given
in radians in the range -pi/2 to pi/2.
Syntax: ATAN(number)

2.11. ATAN2 Function

Description
Returns the arctangent, or inverse 2.14. CEILING
tangent, of the specified x- and y- Function
coordinates. The arctangent is the Description
angle from the x-axis to a line
containing the origin (0, 0) and a
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Returns number rounded up, away 2.17. COMBIN
from zero, to the nearest multiple of
Function
significance.
Description
Syntax
Returns the number of combinations
CEILING(number, significance) for a given number of items. Use
COMBIN to determine the total
2.15. CEILING.MAT
possible number of groups for a
H Function given number of items.
Description
Syntax
Rounds a number up to the nearest
COMBIN(number, number_chosen)
integer or to the nearest multiple of
significance. 2.18. COMBINA
Syntax Function
CEILING(number, [significance], Description
[mode]) Returns the number of combinations
(with repetitions) for a given number
2.16. CEILING.PREC
of items.
ISE Function
Syntax
Description
COMBINA(number,number_chose)
Returns a number that is rounded up
to the nearest integer or to the 2.19. COS Function
nearest multiple of significance. Description
Regardless of the sign of the
number, the number is rounded up. Returns the cosine of the given
angle.
Syntax
Syntax: COS(number)
CEILING.PRECISE(number,
[significance]) 2.20. COSH Function
Description
Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a
number.
Syntax: COSH(number)

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2.21. COT Function 2.26. DEGREES
Description Function
Return the cotangent of an angle Description
specified in radians. Converts radians into degrees.
Syntax: COT(number) Syntax: DEGREES(angle)
2.22. COTH Function
Description
Return the hyperbolic cotangent of a
hyperbolic angle. 2.27. EVEN Function
Description
Syntax: COTH(number)
Returns number rounded up to the
2.23. CSC Function nearest even integer. You can use
Description this function for processing items
that come in twos.
Returns the cosecant of an angle
specified in radians. Syntax: EVEN(number)
Syntax: CSC(number) 2.28. EXP Function
2.24. CSCH Function Description
Description Returns e raised to the power of
number. The constant e equals
Return the hyperbolic cosecant of an
2.71828182845904, the base of the
angle specified in radians.
natural logarithm.
Syntax: CSCH(number)
Syntax: EXP(number)
2.25. DECIMAL
2.29. FACT Function
Function Description
Description
Returns the factorial of a number.
Converts a text representation of a
number in a given base into a Syntax: FACT(number)
decimal number. 2.30. FACTDOUBLE
Syntax: DECIMAL(text, radix) Function
Description

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Returns the double factorial of a number, the number is rounded
number. down.
Syntax: Syntax
FACTDOUBLE(number)
FLOOR.PRECISE(number,
2.31. FLOOR [significance])
Function 2.34. GCD Function
Description Description
Rounds number down, toward zero, Returns the greatest common divisor
to the nearest multiple of of two or more integers. The greatest
significance. common divisor is the largest
integer that divides both number1
and number2 without a remainder.
Syntax
Syntax:
FLOOR(number, significance) GCD(number1,
2.32. FLOOR.MATH [number2], ...)

Function 2.35. INT Function

Description Description
Round a number down to the nearest Rounds a number down to the
integer or to the nearest multiple of nearest integer.
significance.
Syntax: INT(number)
Syntax
2.36. ISO.CEILING
FLOOR.MATH(number,
Function
significance, mode)
Description
2.33. FLOOR.PRECIS Returns a number that is rounded up
E Function to the nearest integer or to the
Description nearest multiple of significance.
Regardless of the sign of the
Returns a number that is rounded
number, the number is rounded up.
down to the nearest integer or to the
However, if the number or the
nearest multiple of significance.
significance is zero, zero is returned.
Regardless of the sign of the
Syntax:

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ISO.CEILING(number,[significanc) Syntax: MDETERM(array)

2.37. LCM Function 2.42. MINVERSE

Description Function
Returns the least common multiple Description
of integers. Returns the inverse matrix for the
Syntax: matrix stored in an array.

LCM(number1 [number2],...) Syntax: MINVERSE(array)

2.38. LN Function 2.43. MMULT

Description Function
Returns the natural logarithm of a Description
number. Returns the matrix product of two
Syntax: LN(number) arrays. The result is an array with
the same number of rows as array1
and the same number of columns as
2.39. LOG Function array2.
Description Syntax
Returns the logarithm of a number to MMULT(array1, array2)
the base you specify.
2.44. MOD Function
Syntax: LOG(number, [base]) Description
2.40. LOG10 Function Returns the remainder after number
Description is divided by divisor. The result has
the same sign as divisor.
Returns the base-10 logarithm of a
number. Syntax: MOD(number, divisor)
Syntax: LOG10(number) 2.45. MROUND
2.41. MDETERM Function
Function Description
Description Returns a number rounded to the
desired multiple.
Returns the matrix determinant of an
array. Syntax

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MROUND(number, multiple) Syntax: PI()

2.46. MULTINOMIA 2.50. POWER

L Function Function
Description Description
Returns the ratio of the factorial of a Returns the result of a number raised
sum of values to the product of to a power.
factorials.
Syntax: POWER(number,
Syntax: power)
MULTINOMIAL(number1, 2.51. PRODUCT
[number2],...) Function
2.47. MUNIT Function Description
Description The PRODUCT function multiplies
Returns the unit matrix for the all the numbers given as arguments
specified dimension. and returns the product. The
PRODUCT function is useful when
Syntax: MUNIT(dimension) you need to multiply many cells
together.
Syntax:
PRODUCT(number1, ...)

2.52. QUOTIENT
2.48. ODD Function
Description
Function
Description
Returns number rounded up to the
nearest odd integer. Returns the integer portion of a
division. Use this function when you
Syntax: ODD(number) want to discard the remainder of a
division.
2.49. PI Function
Description Syntax
Returns the number QUOTIENT(numerator,
3.14159265358979, the denominator)
mathematical constant pi, accurate
to 15 digits.

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2.53. RADIANS 2.57. ROUND
Function Function
Description Description
Converts degrees to radians. The ROUND function rounds a
number to a specified number of
Syntax: RADIANS(angle)
digits.
2.54. RAND Function Syntax:
Description
ROUND(number, num_digits)
Returns an evenly distributed
random real number greater than or 2.58. ROUNDDOWN
equal to 0 and less than 1. A new Function
random real number is returned Description
every time the worksheet is
calculated. Rounds a number down, toward
zero.
Syntax: RAND( )
Syntax
2.55. RANDBETWEE
ROUNDDOWN(number,
N Function num_digits)
Description
2.59. ROUNDUP
Returns a random integer number
between the numbers you specify. Function
Description
Syntax
Rounds a number up, away from 0
RANDBETWEEN(bottom, top) (zero).
2.56. ROMAN Syntax
Function ROUNDUP(number, num_digits)
Description
2.60. SEC Function
Converts an arabic numeral to
Description
roman, as text.
Returns the secant of an angle.
Syntax: ROMAN(number, [form])
Syntax: SEC(number)

2.61. SECH Function

Description
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Returns the hyperbolic secant of an Returns the hyperbolic sine of a
angle. number.
Syntax: SECH(number) Syntax: SINH(number)

2.62. SERIESSUM 2.66. SQRT Function

Function Description
Description Returns a positive square root.
Many functions can be Syntax: SQRT(number)
approximated by a power series
expansion. 2.67. SQRTPI
Returns the sum of a power series Function
based on the formula: Description
Returns the square root of
(number * pi).

Syntax Syntax:

SERIESSUM(x, n, m, coefficients) 2.68. SUBTOTAL

2.63. SIGN Function Function
Description
Description
Returns a subtotal in a list or
Determines the sign of a number.
database.
Returns 1 if the number is positive,
zero (0) if the number is 0, and -1 if Syntax
the number is negative.
SUBTOTAL(function_num,re
Syntax: SIGN(number) f1,[ref2],...])

2.64. SIN Function 2.69. SUM Function

Description Description
Returns the sine of the given angle. The SUM function adds all the
numbers that you specify as
Syntax: SIN(number)
arguments.
2.65. SINH Function Syntax SUM(number1,
Description [number2],...])

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2.70. SUMIF Function Syntax
Description SUMSQ(number1, [number2], ...)
You use the SUMIF function to sum 2.74. SUMX2MY2
the values in a range that meet
criteria that you specify. Function
Description
Returns the sum of the difference of
Syntax squares of corresponding values in
SUMIF(range, criteria, [sum_range]) two arrays.

2.71. SUMIFS Syntax

Function SUMX2MY2(array_x, array_y)

Description 2.75. SUMX2PY2
Adds the cells in a range that meet Function
multiple criteria. Description
Syntax Returns the sum of the sum of
SUMIFS(sum_range, squares of corresponding values in
criteria_range1, criteria1, ...) two arrays. The sum of the sum of
squares is a common term in many
2.72. SUMPRODUCT statistical calculations.
Function Syntax
Description
SUMX2PY2(array_x, array_y)
Multiplies corresponding
components in the given arrays, and 2.76. SUMXMY2
returns the sum of those products. Function
Syntax Description

SUMPRODUCT(array1,[array2], ...) Returns the sum of squares of

differences of corresponding values
2.73. SUMSQ in two arrays.
Function Syntax
Description
SUMXMY2(array_x, array_y)
Returns the sum of the squares of
the arguments.

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2.77. TAN Function The DATEVALUE function
Description converts a date that is stored as text
to a serial number that Excel
Returns the tangent of the given recognizes as a date.
angle.
Syntax:
Syntax: TAN(number) DATEVALUE(date_text)
2.78. TANH Function 3.3. DAY Function
Description Description
Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a Returns the day of a date,
number. represented by a serial number. The
Syntax: TANH(number) day is given as an integer ranging
from 1 to 31.
2.79. TRUNC
Syntax: DAY(serial_number)
Function
Description 3.4. DAYS Function
Description
Truncates a number to an integer by
removing the fractional part of the Returns the number of days between
number. two dates.
Syntax Syntax
TRUNC(number, [num_digits]) DAYS(end_date, start_date)

3. Date & Time 3.5. DAYS360 Function

Description
Functions
The DAYS360 function returns the
3.1. Date Function number of days between two dates
Description based on a 360-day year (twelve 30-
The DATE function returns the day months), which is used in some
sequential serial number that accounting calculations. Use this
represents a particular date. function to help compute payments
if your accounting system is based
Syntax: DATE(year,month,day) on twelve 30-day months.
3.2. DATEVALUE Syntax
Function
Description
xvii
DAYS360(start_date,end_date,
[method])
3.6. EDATE Function
Description
Returns the serial number that
represents the date that is the
indicated number of months before
or after a specified date. Use
EDATE to calculate maturity dates
or due dates that fall on the same
day of the month as the date of
issue.
Syntax
EDATE(start_date, months)
3.7. EOMONTH Function
Description
Returns the serial number for the last
day of the month that is the
indicated number of months before
or after start date. Use EOMONTH
to calculate maturity dates or due
dates that fall on the last day of the
month.
Syntax
EOMONTH(start_date, months)
4. Text Functions
4.1. ASC Function
Description
For Double-byte character set
(DBCS) languages, the function
changes full-width (double-byte)
characters to half-width (single-
byte) characters.
Syntax: ASC(text)
4.2. BAHTTEXT
Function
Description
Converts a number to Thai text and
adds a suffix of "Baht". You can
change the Baht format to a different
style in the Excel desktop
application by using Regional and
Language Options (Windows Start
menu, Control Panel).
Syntax: BAHTTEXT(number)
4.3. CHAR Function
Description
Returns the character specified by a
number. Use CHAR to translate
code page numbers you might get
from files on other types of
computers into characters.
Syntax: CHAR(number)
4.4. CLEAN Function
Description
Removes all nonprintable characters
from text. Use CLEAN on text
imported from other applications
that contains characters that may not
print with your operating system.
Syntax: CLEAN(text)
xviii
4.5. CODE Function 4.9. JIS Function
Description Description
Returns a numeric code for the first This function changes half-width
character in a text string. (single-byte) English letters or
katakana within a character string to
Syntax: CODE(text)
full-width (double-byte) characters.
4.6. CONCATENATE Syntax: JIS(text)
Function
Description 4.10. LOWER
Function
he CONCATENATE function joins
Description
up to 255 text strings into one text
string. The joined items can be text, Converts all uppercase letters in a
numbers, cell references. text string to lowercase.
Syntax Syntax: LOWER(text)
CONCATENATE(text1, [text2], ...) 4.11. NUMBERVALU
4.7. DOLLAR Function E Function
Description Description

This function converts a number to Converts text to a number, in a

text using currency format, with the locale-independent way.
decimals rounded to the specified Syntax
place.
NUMBERVALUE(Text,
Syntax [Decimal_separator],
DOLLAR(number, [decimals]) [Group_separator ])

4.8. EXACT Function 4.12. PROPER

Description
Compares two text strings and
returns TRUE if they are exactly the
same, FALSE otherwise. EXACT is
case-sensitive but ignores formatting
differences.
Syntax: EXACT(text1, text2)
Function
Description
Capitalizes the first letter in a text
string and any other letters in text
that follow any character other than
a letter. Converts all other letters to
lowercase letters.

xix
Syntax: PROPER(text)

4.13. REPT Function

Description
Repeats text a given number of
times. Use REPT to fill a cell with a
number of instances of a text string.
Syntax
REPT(text, number_times)

4.14. T Function
Description
Returns the text referred to by value.
Syntax: T(value)

4.15. UPPER Function

Description
Converts text to uppercase.
Syntax: UPPER(text)

THE END

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