8.
SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE
8.1 Improving social infrastructure for the
sustainable and improved living stadards of
people, is one of the prime objectives of the
state. Besides, the development of economic
infrastructure for the improvement in the
living conditions of the people; more impetus
is necessitated on social sector parameters
like education, healthcare, nutrition,
watersupply, housing, social security etc. In
consonance with the commitment to ensure
faster social development and achieving an
inclusive pattern of growth, the Government
continued its focus on social infrastructure
towards meeting basic minimum
requirements of the people especially
towards higher levels of social justice in
society in accordance with the goals of the
Eleventh Five Year Plan.
Population
Andhra Pradesh is the fifth largest state in the
Country, in terms of population. The state
accounts for 7.2 per cent of the total
population in the country in the year 2001,
having declined from 8.3 per cent in 1961.
The population of Andhra Pradesh almost
quadrupled in the last century from 19.1
million in 1901 to 76.2 million in 2001. Out
of which, 38.5 millions are males and 37.7 are
females. The decadal growth of population
was, in fact, below 15 per cent until 1961; it
rose till 1991 and the growth rate 24.2 percent
during 1981-91 was the highest ever recorded.
Later, a dramatic decline, however, has been
observed in the rate of growth of population
which was only 14.6 percent during 1991-
2001 and, was lower compared to the All-
India rate, at 21.53 percent. Population-wise,
the State occupies 5th rank in the country after
Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Bihar and West
Bengal. Among the districts, East Godavari
continues to be the most populous, least being
Vizianagaram. Percentage decadal variation in
population (district-wise) is given as
Annexure 8.1. District-wise population and
sex ratio are given in Annexure 8.2.
Sex Ratio: Sex ratio is the number of females
per 1,000 male population. The sex ratio in
the state has shown decreasing trend till 1991.
For the first time, the sex ratio has increased
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
marginally and it stood at 978 in 2001 as
against 972 in 1991. The sex ratio in the state
is higher than all India ratio of 933. The sex
ratio continues to show a favourable trend in
Nizamabad, Srikakulam and Vizianagaram
districts. District-wise sex ratio is given in
Annexure 8.2.
Density
Density of population is an important
indicator. The state accounts for 8.37 percent
of the country’s area and 7.41 percent of the
country’s population. The density of the state
is 277 persons/sq. km., as against 313
persons/sq. km. at all India level. Among the
districts, the density of Hyderabad continues
to be the highest with 19,149 persons per
square kilometer. Adilabad and Khammam
districts, which account for large forest area,
continue to have the lowest population
density. District-wise density of population is
given in Annexure 8.3.
Urbanization
The percentage of urban population to the
total population in the state is 27.30 percent in
2001 as compared to 26.89 percent in 1991.
Among all the districts, Hyderabad obviously
is the only district with maximum urban
population. The next most urbanized district is
Rangareddy with urban population of 54.20
percent. The least urbanized district is
Mahabubnagar with only 10.57% of urban
population. District-wise rural and urban
population with percentage of urban
population are given in Annexure 8.3. SC and
ST population is given in Annexure 8.4 and
8.5 respectively.
Literacy
106
 A person aged 7 years and above who can
both read and write with understanding
in any language is considered as
Literate. The literacy rate of the state is
60.47 in 2001 as against 44.08 in 1991.
The literacy rate of the state is lower
than that of all India literacy rate at
64.84. The best record in literacy so far
at both the national and state levels was
during the nineties. The literacy rate in
India increased from 52.2 to 65.4 per
cent during 1991-2001. Whereas the
decadal improvement at the national
level had been not more than 8
percentage points till 1991 and the
nineties witnessed an improvement of
13.8 percentage points. Literacy in
Andhra Pradesh increased over 16
percentage points during the 1990s
from 44.1 per cent in 1991 to 60.47
percent in 2001. In spite of this faster
rate of growth, the literacy rate in
Andhra Pradesh is still lower than the
all-India average. While the literacy
rate of Andhra Pradesh was about
three-fourths of the all-India level in
1961, the state has made substantial
progress subsequently, especially in the
last two decades. While the overall
literacy rate has gone up from 44.1 per
cent in 1991 to 60.47 percent in 2001,
the male literacy rate has increased
from 55.1 to 70.32 per cent. What is
encouraging is that the female literacy
rate has gone up by more than 54
percent, i.e. from 32.7 percent in 1991
to 50.43 percent in 2001. Among the
districts, Hyderabad is at the top with
78.80 percent. The least literate district
is Mahabubnagar with 44.41 percent.
District-wise literacy rate is given in
Annexure 8.6.
SCHOOL EDUCATION
8.2 Education is key to sustainable development,
peace and stability within and among
countries, and an indispensable means for
effective participation in the economy of the
21st Century, which is witnessing rapid
globalization. While traditionally
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
“Education” has meant children in schools, it
is equally important to address the learning
needs of adults.
Education is a fundamental right, which leads
for the road map to achieve the goal of
“Education for All”. Over the years
concerted efforts have been put in at state
and national level to achieve this goal. As per
Article 45 of the constitution of India
Universalisation of Elementary Education is
a directive principle of state policy to provide
free and compulsory education for the
children upto age of 14 years. As per the
article 21A and 93rd Constitutional
Amendment in 2009, education has become a
fundamental right. This article clearly spells
out the responsibility of the state to the extent
of providing free and compulsory education
to all the children from the age of 6 to 14
years.
To make more effective and meaningful
implementation of this obligation, elementary
education is brought under “Sarva Siksha
Abhiyaan” (SSA) to universalize elementary
education. Similarly, secondary education
has been brought under the flagship of
“Rashtriya Madhyamik Siksha Abhiyaan”
(RMSA). These two schemes are aimed at
the strengthening of school education in
terms of access, enrolment, retention and
quality.
ACCESS: For achieving universal access in
school education, provision of schooling
facilities is aimed at –
• Elementary level should be within
walkable distance of 1 km of all the
habitations and
• Secondary level should be within the
radius of 5 kms.
In this regard, our state has achieved 99%
access at elementary level and 85.03% at
secondary level. Primary schools and
secondary schools have started in areas not
served earlier.
During 2008-09, in the Elementary
Education sector there were 65,609 Primary
Schools and 14,942 Upper Primary schools
and under Secondary Education there were
17,376 High Schools and 100 Higher
107
Secondary schools. Management-wise Classes I-V (Primary Level) during 2008-09,
Schools 2008-09 are shown in the Table 8.1. while it was 43.63% during 1998-99.
Similarly, in classes VI-VII (Upper Primary
Table 8. 1 Level), the dropouts were 34.89% during
Management-wise Schools 2008 – 09 2008-09 while it was 62.63% during 1998-
Hr.
Management Primary
Upper High
Second Total 99. At classes VIII-X (Secondary Level), the
Primary Schools
ary dropouts were 60.73% during 2008-09 while
Central
- 33 59 112 it was 78.1% during 1998-99. The details of
Govt. 20 drop outs are given in Annexure 8.7.
State Govt. 5,060 372 1,693 - 7,125
MPP/ZPP 50,309 8,590 8,155 - 67,054 Teachers:
Municipal 1,633 164 306 - 2,103 Teacher is the most important human
Pvt.Aided 2,212 433 841 - 3,486
resource factor in the school education
system, who acts as a facilitator for learning.
Pvt.Unaided 6,375 5,383 6,348 41 18,147
Teacher is instrumental in developing
Total 65,609 14,942 17,376 100 98,027
knowledge, skills, attitudes and values
Source: School Education Department
among children at any stage of education. As
such, teachers should be in position in
Enrolment: schools as per the optimum teacher-pupil
Several innovative strategies and ratio to achieve the goal of universal
interventions are being made to improve enrolment, retention and achievement of
access to primary schools, which has resulted children.
in, increased enrolment. The strategies
adopted for universalisation of elementary Keeping this in view, sustained efforts are
education involves strengthening of the being made by government ever since
existing schools, opening new primary formation of Andhra Pradesh to provide
schools, establishment of alternative schools teachers in all types of schools to maintain a
and other type of educational facilities in reasonable teacher-pupil ratio.
smaller and unserved habitations. With these Rationalization of teachers, deployment of
interventions and several other programmes teachers, creation of new posts and massive
enrolment has significantly increased in all recruitment of teachers helped in overcoming
stages. imbalances in the demand and supply of
There was an enrolment of 136.59 lakhs in teachers. During 2008-09, there were
the state as on 30-09-2008 in all types of 4,49,145 teachers in position in the state in
schools in the state, out of which 56.86 lakhs all types of schools in the state.
were in Primary schools and 24.92 lakhs and During 2008-09, 1,83,197 teachers were
53.70 lakhs were in Upper Primary and High working in primary schools; 94,662 teachers
schools respectively. In Higher Secondary, were working in upper primary schools and
there was an enrolment of about 1.11 1,67,159 teachers were working in High
lakh.The enrolment figures revealed that schools. In higher secondary schools, 4,127
about 52.04% of the enrolled children are in teachers were in position.
Primary stage (I-V) where as 18.56% and
24.13% children enrolled are in upper Details of Teachers in schools are furnished
primary (VI-VII) and secondary stage (VIII- in Table 8.2.
X) respectively. Table 8.2
Management-Wise Teachers in 2008-09
Dropouts: Higher
Against the enrolment of school age group Upper
Primary High Seconda
Year Primary
children into the schools, the problem of Schools
Schools
Schools ry
Schools
retention is observed at various levels. Due to
Central
various programmes implemented, the Govt.
186 - 581 1,898
percentage of dropout is coming down over State
the years - the dropouts being 15.65% at 10,130 1,737 18,833 -
Govt.

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 108

Mandal achievement of the students in the
1,11,696 41,856 69,649 -
Parishad examination of the terminal class in that
Municipal 3,872 687 3,642 - cycle. Hence, the number of students
appearing and passing the VII class common
Pvt.Aided 6,702 2,554 8,190 - examination at the end of upper primary
Pvt.
50,611 47,828 66,264 2,229
stage and S.S.C. Examination at the end of
Unaided secondary stage (cycle) play a significant
Total: 1,83,197 94,662 1,67,159 4,127 role. The percentage pass of students in
Source: School Education Department S.S.C examinations during 2008-09 is 78.83
Teacher Pupil Ratio: which is higher than the previous year pass
A major element of approach in of 75.47%. Year wise performance in S.S.C
strengthening education will be to improve Examinations is furnished in Annexure 8.9.
current learning levels by lowering the
teacher pupil ratio. Government have already Examination Reforms
committed itself to fill-up all the existing • This year, a decision was taken to
teacher vacancies and sanction the additional implement OMR Bar Coding system in all
posts necessary to achieve teacher pupil ratio subjects from SSC Examinations, March
of 1: 40. The Teacher Pupil Ratio (with 2010.
Vidya Volunteers) for Primary, Upper • Government has issued orders for supply of
primary and High Schools are shown in Xerox copies of valued answer scripts in
Table 8.3. First Language and Second Language
Table 8.3
subjects to the candidates on payment basis
Teacher Pupil Ratio from the SSC Public Examinations March,
Upper High
2010 on wards.
Year Primary • A decision was taken to introduce Grading
Primary School
2000-01 45 38 34 System in SSC Public Examinations from
March 2010 onwards.
2001-02 41 39 34
2002-03 37 33 29 Mid-Day Meal Scheme
Midday Meal Scheme is being implemented
2003-04 35 31 31
in the State from January 2003 to the
2004-05 29 25 30 children of classes I to VII and to the
2005-06 28 25 30 children of classes VIII to X from October,
2006-07 29 24 29 2008.
The main objectives of the program are to
2007-08 28 23 28
improve Nutritional status and to motivate
2008-09 27 22 29 the children to attend the school regularly,
Source: School Education Department provide Nutritional Support to the children.
During 2009-10, 86.07 lakh children are
The details of number of Schools, Enrolment covered under this program. Out of which,
and Teachers are given in Annexure 8.8. 46.89 lakh are in Primary (I to V), 23.77 lakh
Examination Results: in Upper Primary (VI to VIII) and 14.21 lakh
In assessing the efficiency of educational children in High Schools (IX and X). Salient
system, performance of students at different features of the scheme are :
levels of education has been conventionally The menu is flexible. Mostly rice and
considered as an indicator of achievement. Sambar is being given. Pulihora is also being
The internal efficiency of education system given. Egg or banana is being given twice a
depends upon the number of pupils who week.
successfully complete a given cycle of DWCRA/CDS/SelfHelp Groups/SEC/Other
education. Completion of a given education agencies like temple, NGOs of proven track
cycle depends on the performance and record, charitable trusts/group of parents (in

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 109

this order of preference) are identified by the
MROs are the implementing agencies in rural
areas.
In Urban areas, the implementing agencies
are, Community development societies
(CDS)/NGOs/Urban SHGs / DWCUA/SEC/
Other Agencies like Temples/NGOs of
proven track record/ charitable trusts/Group
of Parents (in this order of preference) are
identified by a committee headed by the
MRO.
The MDM Programme is being implemented
through M/s Naandi Foundation in twin cities
of Hyderabad and Secunderabad 1.50 lakhs
children in 891 schools and 300 Schools in
Visakhapatnam City and through ISKCON in
Tirupati Municipality covering 75 primary
Schools, in Tadipatri 23 primary Schools.
ICT @ 1300 Schools Computerization
Project
The computer education Programme is under
implementation in 5000 schools from 2008-
09. The Computer education Programme
Under Centrally Sponsored Scheme with
75% and 25% share of Central and State
Government is being implemented in 1300
high schools for five years from 2009-10
with an objective to provide computer
knowledge to the students of VI – X classes.
DSC-2008 Teachers Recruitment
The DSC-2008 Teacher recruitment test was
notified in the month of December, 2008 and
the posts of 11,674 School Assistants, 6,314
Language Pandits and 2,504 Physical
Education Teachers were filled up in the
month of October, 2009.
Vocationalization of Secondary Education
The Scheme of Vocational Education was
introduced in Andhra Pradesh during the year
1984-85 and 1985-86. The main objective of
the Scheme is to make the pupils learn but
also to equip them with latest skills required
for gainful employment. Vocational
Education is imparted in 297 High Schools of
Government, Zilla Parishad, Municipal and
Aided Managements in the State. 28 Mandal
Vocational Educational Centers are
functioning in the State. Vocational
Education is imparted to 34,800 children
studying in classes VIII, IX and X in High
Schools.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan
(RMSA)
Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan
(RMSA) is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme
with an objective to achieve a General
Enrolment Ratio (GER) of 75% in Classes
IX and X within 5 years. 10,187 High
Schools (8,155 Zilla Parishad, 306
Municipal, 1,726 Government) with
32,49,900 Children are being covered under
the Scheme.
A Society was registered under AP Societies
Act, 2001 called “Andhra Pradesh Secondary
Education Society” in October,2009 at
Hyderabad to implement the RMSA and
related Schemes.
Physical Targets of the Scheme
• To improve enrolment ratio for IX and X
classes from 65% to 100%
• Strengthening of existing secondary
schools.
• Appointment of additional teachers.
• Construction of additional classrooms.
Government of India will bear 75% Project
Expenditure as Central Share and 25% will
be met by the State Government as State
Share during 11th Five Year Plan (2007-08 to
2011-12)
Civil Works:
To improve the quality of Secondary
education, the department has taken up
several initiatives. One of them is improving
the existing infrastructure and Creating new
infrastructure facilities in all High Schools
under Government sector.
Government have accorded sanctions for
improving the infrastructure facilities in High
Schools / Institutional buildings under the
following ongoing schemes.
1.Construction of additional infrastructure
facilities in 1,176 High School with an
estimated cost of Rs. 302.99 crores under
RIDF-XI, NABARD
2.Repairs to High School buildings with an
estimated cost of Rs.90.00 crores under XII
Finance Commission
3.Construction of additional infrastructure
facilities in 135 High School with an
110
 estimated cost of Rs.120.27 crores under Government has upgraded 23 Teacher
RIDF-XI, NABARD. Training Institutes into District Institute of
Education and Training (DIET) in phased
Community Participation: (School manner. In 13 DIETs, Urdu medium parallel
Management Committee) sections are functioning and 65 lecturer posts
For the first time in the country, Government have been sanctioned. The Tamil Medium
of Andhra Pradesh have enacted parallel section with intake of 50 is
“Community Participation Act 1998” functioning at DIET, Chittoor at
involving the community in school Karvetinagar.
management. Resources are transferred to
School Committees empowering them to Education for Minorities:
plan, manage and promote quality education. The Government of Andhra Pradesh is
In terms of 73rd and 74th Constitutional committed to the advancement and
Amendments, the Sarpanches/Ward upliftment of Minorities in the State. With a
Councilors have been made the Chairpersons view to promoting Urdu Language in the
of the School Management Committees. State, 300 Urdu teacher Posts have been
created additionally in 1997-98 and
District Institute of Education and continued. Further, three more schemes are
Training (DIET): under implementation for the welfare of
Muslim Minorities as detailed below.
Area Intensive Programme for
Educationally Backward Minorities:
A programme of action under National
Education Policy suggested area approach for
upliftment of educationally backward
minorities and accordingly formulated a
100% Centrally Sponsored scheme of Area
Intensive Programme to be implemented in 9
blocks, identified by Government of India as
concentrated areas of educationally backward
minorities. The identified blocks are
Musheerabad (Hyderabad), Zaheerabad
(Medak), Bodhan (Nizamabad), Kurnool,
Atmakur, Nandyal (Kurnool), Kadiri
(Anantapur), Kadapa and Rayachoty
(Kadapa) in the state.
Under the Scheme funds were released to
Provide infrastructure facilities like
construction of additional class rooms,
drinking water, toilets, electricity, computers
and teaching learning material during 10th
plan period.
An amount of Rs, 3878.25 lakhs has been
released by the Government to the above
District and Andhra Pradesh Residential
Educational Institutions Society (APREIS) .
Modernisation of Madarasa Education:
The scheme of Modernisation of Madarasa
education is implemented in State with 100

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 111

per cent central assistance with an objective
to encourage traditional institutions like
Madarasas and Makhtabs to introduce
modern subjects of Science, Mathematics,
Social Studies and English in their
curriculum. Financial assistance is provided
towards salaries of teachers teaching modern
subjects in urdu in these centers @ Rs.
3000/- per month per teacher (i.e., Rs. 36,000
per annum per teacher) restricted to two
teachers in the centers.
Voluntary Organisations/ Societies/Trusts
which are registered under Central/State
/Government and Act of Wakf Boards and
which are in existence for the past three years
are eligible to apply for assistance under the
scheme.
Improvement of Urdu Education –
Appointment of Urdu Teachers:
The Objective of the scheme is to provide
financial support to the State/Union
Territories/ Governments for appointing
Urdu Teachers/Honorarium to existing
teachers for teaching Urdu to the students
with a view to promote Urdu in the
State/Union Territories wherever necessary.
The Central Assistance (100% CSS) on
approved pattern shall be admissible to the
State Government for appointment of Urdu
teachers on new posts and giving honorarium
to the existing Urdu Teachers for teaching
Urdu in Schools.
The Scheme is being implemented in 9 areas/
blocks identified by the Government of India
as Educationally Backward Minorities
concentrated areas viz.., Kurnool, Nandyal,
Atmakur in Kurnool District, Kadapa,
Rayachoti in Kadapa District, Kadiri in
Anantapur District, Musheerabad in
Hyderabad District, Bodhan in Nizamabad
District and Zaheerabad in Medak District.
Rajiv Vidya Mission
Rajiv Vidya Mission, Andhra Pradesh is
implementing three schemes viz. Sarva
Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA), National
Programme for Education of Girls at
Elementary Level (NPEGEL) and Kasturba
Gandhi Baalika Vidyalayas (KGBVs) in the
State for Universalisation of Elementary
Education. The achievements are detailed
below:
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA)
Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan has been introduced
during 2001-02, with an aim to provide
useful and relevant Elementary Education for
all children in the 6 to 14 age group.
Besides, the SSA intends to bridge social,
regional and gender gaps, with the active
participation of the community in the
management of schools. SSA has now been
renamed as ‘Rajiv Vidya Mission’.
Pattern of Funding:
75:25 between GOI and State Govt. upto
2006-2007, 65:35 between GOI and State
Govt. in 2007-08 and 2008-09 and 60:40
between GOI and State Govt. in 2009-10.
Coverage: 2001-02 in East Godavari, West
Godavari, Krishna and Hyderabad and from
2002-03 onwards in all 23 districts in the
State.
Objectives:
• All children in school, Education
Guarantee Centre, Alternative School,
Back-to-School camp.
• All children complete eight years of
elementary schooling.
• Focus on elementary education of
satisfactory quality with emphasis on
education for life.
• Bridge all gender and social category
gaps at elementary education level
• Universal retention.
2) Interventions:
1. Opening of Primary Schools
2. Upgradation of Primary schools into
Upper Primary Schools
3. Upgradation of EGS/ALS to Primary
Schools
4. Regular Teachers to New Schools –
Primary and Upper Primary Schools
5. Additional Teachers to existing Primary
and Upper Primary Schools
6. Civil Works – Construction of School
Buildings, Addl. Classrooms, MRC
Buildings, Rooms for School Complexes,
provision of Compound wall, Toilets,
Electrification and drinking water
facilities.
7. Strengthening of Mandal Resource
Centres and Teacher Centres
8. Maintenance grant to Schools with own
buildings.
112
9. Grant to Schools and Teacher Grants
10. Teaching Learning Equipment to New
Primary and Upper Primary Schools
11. Training to Teachers
12. Innovations – Girls Education, Early
Childhood Education, Education of SCs,
STs, Minority, Urban deprived Children
and Computer Education for U P
Schools.
13. Research, Evaluation, Supervision and
Monitoring.
14. Support to Children with Special Needs.
15. Training of Community Leaders
16. Interventions for Out of School Children
A. National Programme for Education
of Girls at Elementary Level
(NPEGEL)
Government of India launched a new
programme called National Programme for
Education of Girls at Elementary Level
(NPEGEL) in 2003 as an amendment to the
scheme of Sarva Siksha Abhiyan for
providing additional components for the
education of girls at elementary level.
Objectives:
• To develop and promote facilities to
provide access and to facilitate retention
of girls and to ensure greater participation
of women and girls in the field of
education.
• To improve the quality of education
through various interventions and to
stress upon the relevance and quality of
girls education for their empowerment.
Coverage: 661 Educationally Backward
mandals in 23 districts where female literacy
rate is less than 46.13 of national average and
gender gap is more than 21.59 as per 2001
census selected for implementation of the
programme. Notified urban slums are also
eligible for NPEGEL programme
implementation.
NPEGEL programme is being implemented on
Model Cluster School approach in a
decentralized manner.
Model Cluster School (MCS):
A Model Cluster School is a model girl-child
friendly High school or Upper Primary
school at cluster level identified in all the
Educationally Backward Mandals. In all the
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
661 Educationally Backward Mandals, 5765
MCSs were identified. Each cluster is
having about 5-10 habitations and on an
average each block consists of 8-10 clusters.
This girl-child friendly infrastructure is used
by all the schools in that cluster, on rotation.
Major interventions under the program:
A non - recurring grant worth Rs.30,000/- is
provided to every Model Cluster School for
purchasing Library Books, Vocational
Equipments and Games and Sports material.
A recurring grant Rs.60,000/- per annum will
be available to each cluster to implement
additional interventions for promotion of
girls education viz.,Remedial and supportive
material for slow learners, Bridge Camps,
Honorarium to part time volunteers, ECCE
centres, Training to teachers on gender
sensitization etc.
C. Kasturba Gandhi Baalika Vidyalaya
(KGBV)
Government of India launched a new scheme
during 2004-05 called “Kasturbha Gandhi
Balika Vidyalayas (KGBV)” with boarding
facilities at elementary level for girls
belonging predominantly to SC, ST, BC and
Minorities in Educationally Backward
Blocks in the state.
Objectives:
• To ensure access and quality education to
the girls of disadvantaged groups of
society by setting up Residential Schools
with boarding facilities at Elementary
level.
• To provide quality education for dropped
out girls in low female literacy mandals
by mainstreaming from Residential
Bridge Course Centers.
KGBVs are being run by different
Residential Educational Institutions Societies
such as Andhra Pradesh Residential
Educational Institutions Society (APREIS),
Andhra Pradesh Social Welfare Residential
Educational Institutions Society
(APSWREIS), Andhra Pradesh Tribal
Welfare Residential Educational Institutions
Society (APTWREIS) and Disabled Welfare
Department.
Achievements
113
Access and coverage of out of School
Children
I. Access
To provide access to school less habitations,
2,799 Education Guarantee Centers (EGS)
were opened during the academic year 2009-
10 covering 60,838 children.
II. Coverage of out of school children
As against the target of 1,71,414 out of
school children, 1,07,839 covered through
the different strategies.
Badi-Bata 2009-10
Badi Bata (Enrolment Drive) was conducted
in all the habitations in the state from 12th to
27th June 2009. During the campaign
• 12,02,934 children who have completed 5
years were enrolled into 1st class.
• 58,530 out of school children and recent
drop outs in the age group of 5-8 years
were enrolled into regular schools
directly.
• 12,35,910 children of 5th class and
11,25,833 children of 7th class were
transited into 6th and 8th classes
respectively.
• Samuhika Aksharabhyasam was
conducted for the new entrants on 12th
June, 2009.
III. Support to Madarsas
966 Madarsas have been supported and
85,220 children are covered (Cumulative).
2,176 Vidya Volunteers are sanctioned.
Training was provided to all Vidya
Volunteers, Text books provided to all
children from state funds. Mid day meal
extended to all Madarsas on par with regular
schools.
IV. Inclusive Education
The following activities were taken up under
this intervention:
• 57 special Residential Bridge Course
camps (RBCs) and 30 NRBCs are being
run covering 3,106 out of school children
with special needs.
• 3,568 children were mainstreamed in
2008-09 from Home Based Education
and special RBCs.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
• During the academic year 2009-10, 822
Resource Teachers (Special Educators)
have been engaged to provide Home
Based Education to 12,330 children
belonging to severe and profound
category.
• Aids and appliances were provided to
10,231 children.
• Barrier free access was provided to
31,559 schools by constructing ramps
with rail.
• Corrective surgeries were done to 92
children who had minor problems in
2009-10.
• World Disabled Day is being organized
every year in all mandals covering 78,357
schools across the state. During the
celebrations, Gramsarpanches, MPTCs,
ZPTCs, MLAs, MPs and other public
representatives were participated.
V. Civil works
As against the target of 19,107 works, 8,458
works have been completed and the
remaining 10,649 are in progress.
VI. Teacher Training and Quality
(A) Teacher Training:In service training
was provided to 1,88,746 teachers during
2009-10 as against the target of 3,09,692.
(B) Quality Initiatives:Programmes
being implemented during 2009-10
Following are the programmes being
implemented in the state in primary
education under SSA. Several concerted
efforts have been made to improve the
quality of primary education in the state.
Reforms have been planned and implemented
to improve classroom processes, professional
support to teachers, improving children
performance etc. Following are the important
reforms proposed and being implemented in
primary education under SSA in the State.
1. Learning Enhancement Programme
(LEP): A comprehensive quality programme
is being implemented to address quality in a
holistic and sustainable way viz., Learning
Enhancement Programme (LEP). The focus
is to address children achievement of basic
competencies in all subject areas from Class I
to V, meaningful engagement of children in
learning processes and appropriate
114
professional support to the teachers for Konda. Multi Lingual Education is a
improved classroom processes. Following programme providing primary education in
are the major components of LEP: mother tongue of the tribal children and
gradually moving to languages of wider
i. Achievement of Class specific, subject
communication i.e., regional language
specific essential learning
Telugu. Curriculum is based on local culture
competencies.
using local knowledge, customs and
i. Improved Teaching Learning Process –
resources to make primary education more
100% utilization of learning time and
contextual and meaningful to the children.
engagement of children – Time-on-task.
Curriculum reflects child’s context,
ii. Improved Assessment Procedures
environment and culture. As a part of the
which are competency specific – Oral,
programme, tribal dictionaries have been
Written and Performance.
developed in eight tribal languages. The
iii. Performance Indicators – Teacher,
programme is being implemented since 2004
Head Master, MEO and other
– 05 onwards on pilot basis and upscaled into
functionaries at System Level making
monolingual schools during 2009 – 10.
them accountable with role clarity.
5. Development of Children Literature
iv. Improved participation of parents in
and Strengthening of School Libraries:
school matters.
Development of Children Literature and
Necessary material, modules have been
strengthening of school libraries is one of the
developed on the LEP as above and adequate
quality initiatives under SSA. This initiative
training was provided to all the teachers and
is to develop reading habits among all
field functionaries to implement the
children and make them independent readers.
programme.
Habit of reading is the foundation for lifelong
Under LEP, grade specific and subject
learning.
specific competencies have been identified
6. Community and Parent Participation in
and is being followed for providing
school matters through Academic
competency specific learning process and
Monitoring Committees: Considerable
undertaking competency based pupil
progress has been made in achieving
assessment procedures. The children
universal enrolment and retention with the
performance is being graded.
active participation of community. The focus
2. Grading of Schools based on Children’s
has therefore been, now shifted to
performance: Schools are being graded into
achievement of “Quality” with community
A, B, C, D based on children performance.
participation. For this purpose, Academic
This is being implemented under CLIP /
Monitoring Committees (AMCs) have been
CLAPS and also now in LEP. If 80% of
constituted in all the schools. AMCs consist
children are able to perform the competencies
of parents of best performing and least
of literacy and numeracy the school is graded
performing children @ 2 per class. Sufficient
as ‘A’ The schools grades are being
representation is given to the focus groups
displayed in all schools for public reference.
i.e., SC, ST, OBC and Minorities. The
3. Star Grading of schools based on School
Sarpanch of the Gram Panchayat is the
Functional Aspects (25 Performance
Chairperson and the Head Master of the
Indicators): Schools are also graded based
concerned school is the Member Convenor.
on school functional aspects against 25
AMCs meet every month to review and
Performance Indicators. The schools are
discuss issues of “Quality”, Infrastructure,
graded from no star to 3 star.
basic amenities etc., with teachers and Other
4. Implementation of Mother Tongue
stakeholders. Demonstration of children
based Multi Lingual Education in Eight
performance to the AMC members i.e.,
Tribal Languages: Mother tongue based
Reading, Writing, Arithmetic etc. Discussion
multi lingual education is being implemented
on utilization of various grants released to
in eight tribal languages viz., Savara, Kuvi,
schools and support to School Infrastructure,
Adivasi Oriya, Gond, Kolami, Koya and

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 115

monitoring the quality of mid-day meal and
children, teachers attendance etc are the other
activities.
7. Computer Aided Learning(CAL):
Computers were provided to 576 Upper
Primary Schools @ 5 per school during 2008
– 09. So far, 3,063 schools covered under
CAL Programme including the schools
provided with computers under SSA,
MPLADs, School Education etc., covering
about four lakh children. 12 C.Ds consisting
64 titles replicated and provided to CAL
schools.
8. Distance Education – Trainings and
Capacity building through
Teleconferences:
3-days of teleconferencing per month is
being organised in different interventions.
About 2.5 lakh Teachers, Field Functionaries
are participating. Teleconference receiving
facility is being provided in school
complexes and MRCs. Trainings and
capacity building programmes for teachers
and field functionaries are being organized
by the State Level Resource Groups. The
training strategies are – panel discussions,
interviews, showing video films and
discussions, question hour to clarify the
doubts raised by the participants.
VII. Girls Education
• 1693 ECE centers were opened with an
enrolment of 32066 children to make
them ready for primary education.
• National Programme for Education of
Girls at Elementary Level (NPEGEL)
programme is being implemented in all
the 5,765 model clusters identified in 661
Educational Backward mandals.
• Various vocational training programmes
such as preparation of sanitary napkins,
embroidery works, preparation of
candles, toys etc., were organized under
NPEGEL.
• Remedial teaching programme was
organized to slow learners among girls by
providing Vidya Volunteer and remedial
material.
• 394 Kasturba Gandhi Baalika Vidyalayas
(KGBVs) were operationalized with an
enrolment of 40,231 girl children.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
Table 8.4
Category and Number of Junior Colleges
Category Number
Government Junior Colleges 804
Private Aided Junior Colleges 205
Private Aided Composite Degree
Colleges offering Intermediate 70
Courses.
Private Un-Aided Junior Colleges 2,483
Exclusive Vocational Junior
479
Colleges (Pvt.)
Exclusive Vocational Junior
12
Colleges (Govt.)
Incentive Junior Colleges 176
Others (APRJC, GOI, Social
382
Welfare, etc)
Total 4,611
Source: - Intermediate Education
***
INTERMEDIATE EDUCATION
8.3 In 1964, an important policy decision was
taken to the effect that the structure of the
Secondary School system should be of 10
years duration instead of 11 years, and that it
should be followed by two years
Intermediate collegiate Education in place of
the existing Higher Secondary and
Multipurpose system. The Plus two stage
Education was introduced in Andhra Pradesh
under 10+2+3 pattern from 1969-70. The
Directorate of Higher Education has been
bifurcated into two Directorates i.e., Director
of Intermediate Education and Directorate of
Collegiate Education with effect from 1-11-
1989. Directorate, Intermediate Education
was established with the main objective of
administrating the Intermediate colleges,
particularly public funded institutions.
There are 804 Government Junior Colleges
and 12 Government Vocational Junior
colleges under the administrative control of
the Director of Intermediate Education. The
functioning of 205 Private Aided Junior
Colleges with regard to the utilization of the
Grant-in-aid, service conditions and
academic matters is also looked after by
Director of Intermediate Education.
Four Regional Joint Directors of Intermediate
Education offices at regional level located at,
116
Rajahmundry, Guntur, Kadapa and Warangal b. Vocational Courses:
and 18 District Vocational Education officers 51,443 candidates appeared for 2nd year I.P.E
at district level started functioning from the March 2009 for Vocational Courses. Out of
year 1999-2000. which 42,523 candidates are regular
Conventional courses in Science, Arts, candidates and 8,920 are private candidates.
Commerce and Vocational Courses are Out of the regular candidates, 24,664 have
offered at the Intermediate stage of passed. Of these 7,035 have passed in ‘A’
Education,. 34 Vocational courses are also Grade, 15,669 in ‘B’ Grade, 1,889 in ‘C’
offered in 1244 Junior colleges in the field of Grade and 71 have passed in ‘D’ Grade. The
Engineering and Technology, Agriculture, overall pass percentage is 58%. Girls’
Home Science, Para-medical, Business and performance at 64% is better than that of
Commerce and Humanities. boys at 53%.
The details of district wise and category wise Out of 8,920 Private candidates, 2,661
junior colleges functioning are given in candidates have passed (30%).
Annexure 8.10. Abolition of Shift System in Government
Junior Colleges:
The status of Junior colleges functioning
Earlier, 269 Government Junior Colleges
under various managements is shown in
were functioning under shift system.
Table 8.4.
Significant reform measures have been
Enrolment of Students introduced in public funded institutions in
The enrolment of students (as per fee paid to Intermediate Education in the last three
B.I.E.) both in conventional and vocational years. With the concerted efforts made
courses for last five years are shown in Table during the last two years, many Government
8.5. Junior Colleges have been brought back to
General / Regular working hours of 9.45 AM
Table 8.5 to 4.30 PM (i.e. 2 sessions) dispensing with
Enrolment in Junior Colleges
the unhealthy practice of shift system.
(Lakh students)
Conventional Vocationa Total Funds have been provided in phased manner
Year for construction of permanent buildings for
Courses l Courses
2005-06 6.26 0.30 6.56 Government Junior Colleges, which possess
2006-07 6.56 0.42 6.98 own land. This is aimed to over-come the
2007-08 7.04 0.47 7.51 scarcity of accommodation and enable all the
2008-09 7.48 0.57 8.05 Government Junior Colleges to function in
2009-10 7.84 0.68 8.52
Source: - Intermediate Education
the general/regular timings of 9.45 AM to
4.30 PM. The removal of undesirable shift
Results of Intermediate Public Examination system is most effective in promoting the
March 2009: academic progress / advancement of the
a. General Courses: students. There is a facility / convenience of
8,40,010 candidates appeared for 2nd year utilizing the lunch break of 55 minutes in
I.P.E March 2009 for General Courses out of between as study hours depending upon the
which 6,60,341 candidates are regular interest of the students and staff. The same
candidates and 1,79,669 are Private would facilitate the students and staff to
Candidates. Out of the regular candidates become refreshed and to concentrate on their
3,97,170 have passed. Of these, 1,71,973 studies in the evening/second session,
have passed in ‘A’ Grade, 1,40,610 in ‘B’ bestowing required concentration.
Grade, 66,053 in ‘C’ Grade and 18,730 have Presently, 131 Government Junior Colleges
passed in ‘D’ Grade. The overall pass were functioning in Shift System along with
percentage is 60.15%. Girls’ performance at Degree Colleges/ Polytechnics/ Schools. The
62% is better than that of boys at 58%. 51 new Government Junior Colleges and 12
Out of 1,79,669 Private candidates, 44,132 New Government Vocational Junior Colleges
candidates have passed (24.56%). sanctioned during 2008-09 and 39 newly

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 117

sanctioned Government Junior Colleges
during 2009-10 are also running in Shift
System. Steps are to be taken to remove the
shift system and to function in General
timings in those colleges by providing
suitable accommodation.
Redeployment of Surplus Staff:
From the last four years many Aided Junior
Lecturers who are working without sufficient
workload in Private Aided Junior Colleges
have been identified. The surplus Junior
Lecturers in private Aided Junior Colleges
are being redeployed to needy Government
Junior Colleges or adjusted in other Aided
Junior Colleges to meet the requirement of
classroom teaching and to reduce the burden
on Government by way of Contract Faculty.
Appointment of Contract Faculty
About 7,294 Junior Lecturers have been
engaged on contract basis in Government
Junior Colleges in the state during the
academic year 2009-10. Steps are taken to
provide contract faculty from the date of
reopening to the last working day of the
college.
Contract Faculty are being engaged in
Government Junior Colleges duly following
the rule of reservation at Zonal level, during
the academic year 2009–10.
Orders have been issued to engage Contract
lecturers at the beginning of the academic
year in the vacant posts in Government
Junior Colleges and the remuneration was
enhanced to Rs.7,500/- in Urban Areas and to
Rs.8,500/- in Rural Areas from 2008.
The contract faculty engaged will not be
renewed automatically in successive years
unless they reach the pass percentage of the
district average for two consecutive years in
the relevant subjects.
Recruitment of Junior Lecturers:-530
vacancies of Junior Lecturers have been
identified in Government Junior Colleges
during 2007-08. Out of 530 vacancies, 510
vacancies have been filled through Andhra
Pradesh Public Service Commission during
2008-09 and 20 vacancies are unfilled.
Further, 20 Un-filled vacancies and 1,100
more new vacancies have been have been
notified by the A.P.P.S.C., in Nov. 2008.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
Tele-Lessons (MANA TV)/‘e-Class Room’:
Through MANA TV live Tele-lessons on
important subjects were transmitted for the
benefit of students in 540 Government Junior
Colleges in the state. The introduction of the
Audio Visual instruction has improved the
results of IPE.
Tele-lessons were also broadcasted through
Doordarshan Saptagiri channel. It is also
proposed to transmit the lessons through
Broad Band Connectivity to all Government
Junior Colleges in the state in phased
programme in addition to Doordarshan
Saptagiri channel. Electronic class rooms
were established in 501 Government Junior
Colleges in the state with the latest
technology and the content C.D.’s are
provided by B.I.E. Further, the content in
digital mode is to be developed and provided
for usage in addition to the establishment of
equipment and for maintenance of
Computers, Printers, Screens, Projectors,
Audio Equipment etc.
Academic Guidance and Monitoring Cell.
Academic Guidance and Monitoring Cells
have been created in Intermediate Education
at State, Regional, District and College level
from the academic year 2005-06 for effective
functioning and monitoring of the academic
schedules in Junior Colleges.
Training orientation programmes are
designed in the academic and administrative
matters for the Principals, Sr. Assistants and
Officers of the Department and also to Junior
Lecturers of General and Vocational
Courses.
Special EAMCET Coaching Classes:
23 Government Junior Colleges have been
identified to give EAMCET Coaching to
Science Students beyond class room work
with the financial assistance from A.P. State
Council of Higher Education from 2006– 07.
This programme is continued during this year
with an intake of 4000 students for 1st and 2nd
years.
Supply of Text Books by T.T.D:
T.T.D.,Tirupati has provided funds for
supplying text books to all the girl students
(who are below poverty line and not
receiving any type of scholarships) studying
in all Government Junior Colleges and Aided
118
Junior Colleges in the State in the name of
“Sri Padmavathi Ammavari Pusthaka
Prasadam” benefitting 92,900 Girls Students.
The Books which were printed by EFLU and
Telugu Academy and Environmental
Education from E.M.E.S.C.O., have been
supplied to all the Government Junior
Colleges and Private Aided Junior Colleges
in the state.
Establishment of New Government Junior
Colleges
Government have sanctioned 51 New
Government Junior Colleges and 12
Exclusive Government Vocational Junior
Colleges from the year 2008-09 with M.P.C.,
B.P.C., C.E.C., and H.E.C. Further
Government have also accorded permission
for starting 39 Government Junior Colleges
during 2009-10 in the state.
Rural infrastructure Development Fund
(RIDF):
Under Rural Infrastructure Development
Fund, construction of buildings, toilets and
Drinking Water facilities are being provided
in Government Junior Colleges in the State.
Under RIDF XI, an amount of Rs.43.40
Crores was sanctioned for 388 projects, out
of which, an amount of Rs. 38.00 Crores was
released till 2009-10. The total works are
expected to be completed by March 2010.
Under NABARD RIDF –XIII, administrative
sanction was accorded approving 272
projects at a cost of Rs.58.85 crores towards
construction of additional accommodation in
needy Government Junior Colleges located in
rural and semi urban areas and the works are
under process.
Remote Interior Area Development
(RIAD):
During the year 2008-09, administrative
sanction was accorded for Rs. 21.31 Crores
under Remote Interior Area Development
Scheme towards construction of additional
accommodation and toilets in 36 Government
Junior Colleges located in R.I.A.D. areas.
The project is proposed for completion
during the years 2008-09 and 2009-10. The
construction work is under progress.
Attached Hostel Buildings:
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
Attached Hostel Buildings in Junior Colleges
at 5 places were sanctioned during 2008-09
for the benefit of Backward Class students
and at 3 places for the benefit of Schedule
Caste and Schedule Tribe Girl students at
Intermediate level. The construction work is
in progress.
Vocationalisation of Education:
In the National Policy of Education 1986,
Vocationalisation of Education is given high
priority. The main objectives of the scheme
of Vocationalisation of Education are spelt
out in National policy on Education 1986 and
accorded priority for diversification of
courses of study for enhancing the
employability of students and reduction of
the gap between demand and the supply of
skilled man power and for reduction of the
pressure on universities for admissions. For
effective implementation of the programme,
Government of India has provided liberal
financial assistance to the state during the 8th
Five year plan period. State Government
have released the amounts duly converting
the plan schemes to non-plan schemes during
10th Five year plan period
290 new sections have been sanctioned
during 10th five year plan under centrally
sponsored scheme and the total cost of this
scheme is Rs.16.00 Crores. The classes have
commenced from the academic year 2007-
08. Vocational Education is to be promoted
as part of national policy on Education for
acquiring of skills and self-employment.
Vocational graduates are sponsored for one
year Apprenticeship Training with
Hospitals /Business firms/Industry. The
selected candidates are entitled to a stipend
of Rs. 1440/- per month during this one-year
training period, half of which will be
reimbursed to the training Agencies by
Government of India through Board of
Apprentice Training, Chennai. During
2009-10, 4 Job Melas (Under Rajiv Udyoga
Sri) and 6 Apprenticeship Melas are
conducted and 4,108 candidates have got
placements upto December, 2009.
119
 The intake capacity in vocational courses at Aided Colleges 179 1,84,505
+2 level is 80,000 and the enrolment during
2009– 10 is 68,085 in 1st year. Total 428 3,64,726
Source:Commissionerate of Collegiate
Short Term Vocational Courses Education
There are 58 short term Vocational Courses.
State Institute of Vocational Education wing Important Programmes / Initiatives
in the Commissioner of Intermediate Starting of New Courses:
Education is authorized to conduct Keeping in view the recent developments in
examinations and issue certificates for the Higher Education, the department started
short term Vocational Courses to the students introducing need based, job oriented new
from the academic year 2006-07. Nearly, courses like Biotechnology, Industrial
14,022 students are admitted in these courses Chemistry, Microbiology, Computer Science,
for 3 modules for the year 2009 in various Communicative English, Tourism,
Short-term Vocational institutions through Advertising and Sales Promotion etc., in
out the State. The State Institute of Government Colleges during the last few
Vocational Education is conducting 3 years on partial self financing basis.
months, 6 months, and 1-year duration Similarly, PG courses on self-financing basis
certificate courses for the benefit of drop outs are also sanctioned every year on the basis of
and others, like SSC failed / pass, Inter demand and facilities available. These
failed/passed through out the state. It is courses are accessible to the students
aimed at improving the employable skills and belonging to the poor and marginalized
employment i.e., both wage and self- sections. UG Restructured and PG courses
employment. started during the last two years is shown in
Table 8.7.
Table 8.7
*** UG Restructured and PG courses
(Nos)
Year College Section Courses
COLLEGIATE EDUCATION s s
U.G. Restructured Courses
2008-09 35 58 22
8.4 The department of Collegiate Education
2009-10 18 25 15
monitors the administrative functions, Total 53 83 37
academic and quality standards in 249 P.G.Courses
Government degree coleges and 179 aided 2007-08 31 39 16
colleges. It monitors the implementation of 2008-09 10 24 18
various programmes for sustaining and Total 41 63 34
promoting the quality of education with the Source:- Commissionerate of Collegiate Education
objective to provide a purposeful education Establishment of Womens’ Hostels: To
to all particularly to students hailing from encourage women education, the department
marginalized sections of the society. The is motivating the colleges to provide hostel
department also attends the development facility to women students. UGC has
requirements of all the Government colleges. sanctioned construction of hostel buidlings in
Number of Degree Colleges and their 14 Government Degree colleges at a cost of
strength is shown in Table 8.6. Rs.10.34 crores during 2007-08 and the work
Table 8.6 is in progress.
Degree Colleges and Students, 2009-10
(Nos) Jawahar Knowledge Centres (JKCs):
Type Colleges Students Jawahar Knowledge Centre, initiated by
Government
249 1,80,221
Government of Andhra Pradesh has evolved
Colleges to become a dynamic and student friendly
platform to equip them fulfill the job

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 120

aspirations of students in degree colleges. 3. Software Development for
JKC provides training to students in skills Results Analysis Information System
relevant to the needs of the job industry and 4. E-learning
is continuously helping them to equip for 5. Establishment of English
facing the competitive employment Language Labs
environment. 276 JKCs were established in Accreditation of Colleges by National
degree colleges and students are trained in Assessment and Accreditation Council
Communication skills, Soft skills, Analytical (NAAC): The department took several
skills and Computer skills. Students of the measures and motivated the staff and the
commerce stream undergo training in Tally students of the colleges to obtain the
Financial Accounting Package. The students accreditation from National Assessment and
trained in JKCs are shown placement Accreditation Council, which is a significant
opportunities in noted and well placed parameter for assessing the performance
companies. It is targetted to increase the quality of the college. Out of 130 Govt.
placement percentage during 2010 – 11. colleges accredited, 120 got grades at the
The achievements are shown in the Table level of B or above as on Sept.08. The
8.8. average grade achieved by the Government
Table 8.8 Colleges in the state is one of the highest at
Students Trained in JKC and Jobs Secured the country level. The grades obtained by
(Nos)
Aided colleges are equally good. 34
Trained in Jobs Secured
Year Government Degree Colleges in the state are
JKC
2006-07 619 354 getting ready for the re- acrreditation process
2007-08 20,787 4,193 during 2010-11. Table 8.9 shows different
2008-09 27,161 2,088 grades secured by colleges in the state.
2009-10 9,311 407
Source: Commissionerate of Collegiate Education Table 8.9
Accounting Executive Course: Apart from Grades obtained by Govt. and Aided Colleges
the above programs under JKC, a short-term (Number)
Accounting Executive Course for Commerce Grade Govt. Aided Total
Colleges Colleges
students is initiated with an objective to
A 4 23 27
provide employable and work oriented skills
B, B+ and
to students for securing employment. The B++
116 66 182
duration of the course is 240 hours spread C,C+ and
over a period of four months. Intensive 10 2 12
C++
training will be given in Tally Financial 3 stars
0 4 4
Accounting Package, Communication skills and 4 stars
and Computer skills. A total of 5,211 Total 130 95 225
Source- Commissionerate of Collegiate Education
students in 116 Government and Private
Aided Colleges are enrolled so far. Second State Quality Assurance Cell (SQAC):
spell of enrolment is in progress. The State Quality Assurance Cell (the functional
trained students will be placed for Campus unit of SLQACC) has been established with
Recruitment drives/Job melas. the following objectives.
IT initiatives : Some of the other IT • To plan and organize activities and
initiatives taken are: programmes that help expediting the
1. Software Development for NAAC accreditation of institutions in the
College Management Information State
System • To take up quality enhancing activities
2. Application Development of • To plan and organize post accreditation
Accredited Colleges, Management activities in the institutions
Information system (networking of Keeping above objectives in view, SQAC
NAAC Accredited Colleges) organized number of workshops,

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 121

conferences, meetings, seminars etc., for
creating quality awarness across the State.
MANA TV: Department of Collegiate
Education is facilitating the telecast of
curriculum based degree lessons of 12
conventional and 3 restructured subjects
through MANA TV, which supports and
supplements the normal teaching by
providing the latest information. It is a
modern and innovative learning resource and
the telecast is received by 169 Govt. Colleges
in the State benefiting large sections of the
students belonging to rural areas.
Innovative live programmes like
Teleconferences, Telecounselling and Panel
discussions were organized through MANA
TV, which generated huge enthusiasm among
teachers and students and led to several such
discussions in colleges. In addition to the
above, training programmes and certificate
courses were arranged live in communicative
skills for presenters as well as students.
District Resource Centres: District
Resource Centres (DRC) were established in
21 Districts covering all the Government
Colleges in the state to provide additional
support to the students of Govt. Degree
Colleges situated in semi urban, rural and
remote areas. The DRCs have been
conducting activities like sharing of teacher
expertise, labs, library, playgrounds and other
infrastructural facilities and support services
like Computer centre, Health centre etc. Joint
activites like additional coaching, career
guidance, linkages, summer programmes,
competitions etc., are conducted at the
district level.
The department in association with
concerned DRCs conducted three two-day
awareness workshops on strengthening of
District Resource Centres and enhancement
of quality in teaching learning practices at
Government Degree Colleges Rajahmundry,
Mahabubnagar and Nellore, where in
Principals and Lecturers of all Government
Degree Colleges of the respective districts
participated.
Extension Programmes: The department is
working towards promoting certain
community development programmes with
the help of the colleges under its control. 150
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
Govt. Degree Colleges have started
Consumer Clubs, Eco Clubs, Red Ribbon
Clubs and Heritage Clubs to educate the
students and society about consumer
awareness, AIDS awareness, protecting the
environment and ecological balance and
preservation of Heritage and cultural
monuments.
State Teacher Awards: Government gives
State Teacher Awards to the meritorious
University and College teachers every year
commemorating the birthday of Dr.
Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, a great scholar,
the former President of India. This year, 33
Awards to University Teachers and 36
awards to College teachers were presented.
English Language Labs: Establishment of
75 English Language Labs in Govt. Colleges
is nearing completion. The students are
trained online about using the most advanced
audio-visual modes of learning through
computers. The software installed in these
labs is highly beneficial to the student
community and its three packages viz.,
Academic lab, Aptitude lab and Career lab
which help the students speak fluently and
improve their analytical and listening skills.
***
TECHNICAL EDUCATION
8.5 Technical Education department promotes
Technical Education in the State with the aim
to help in bringing out good engineers and
technicians with profound knowledge, skill,
positive work culture, improved efficiency
and productivity. The ultimate goal is to
ensure effective working of our industries
and to shape our students to be competitive
in global market.
The department is responsible for
development of Technical Education both at
Degree(Graduate Engineers) as well as
Diploma (Technician) levels.
The department coordinates with All India
Council for Technical Education (AICTE) in
processing the applications for the
establishment of Engineering Colleges,
Polytechnics and Institutions offering
122
Pharmacy, MCA, MBA and Architecture and
enhancement of sanctioned intake in them.
Intake: There are 656 Engineering Colleges,
703 MCA Colleges, 881 MBA Colleges, 278
B.Pharmacy Colleges and 213 Polytechnics
functioning in the state(includes 370 MCA
and 224 MBA stand-alone colleges). The
intake of the students is 2,26,870 in
engineering courses, 47,595 in MCA courses,
59,676 in MBA courses, 16,675 in
Pharmacy, and 63,075 in Polytechnics.
Activities:
• The department encourages qualitative
Technical Education at Degree and
Diploma levels through improved
standards set by National Board of
Accreditation (NBA) of AICTE and
NAAC of UGC.
• Encourages upgradation of equipment
through a scheme of Modernization and
Removal of Obsolescence (MODROBS)
of AICTE.
• Facilitate in establishing SONET
(Society for Networking for Excellence
in Technical Education) to provide
interconnectivity among Engineering
Colleges, to adopt innovative Teaching
practices, Digital library, Video
conferencing etc. throughout the State, to
benefit all Technical Institutions. SONET
today is providing latest International
technical journals to its member colleges
benefiting number of students.
• Conducts Web based admissions as per
the ranks secured by the candidates at 50
EAMCET and 37 EEP Helpline centers
in Andhra Pradesh. This enables the
student to attend counselling at any one
of the above places in the State as per
their convenience and select college and
course of his choice.
• Coordinates with Board of
Apprenticeship Training (BOAT),
Ministry of Secondary and Higher
Education, Govt. of India and various
organizations/industries to provide
apprenticeship training to thousands of
Engineering Graduates and Diploma
holders including sandwich courses to
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
improve their skills to fit into the best
production centers in the country
• The department and the State Board of
Technical Education and Training A.P.,
Hyderabad arrange transmission of
recorded technical lessons and live
interaction between students and lecturers
through KU Band and teach students via
electronic classroom simultaneously
around the State.
• Provides facilities for Career Guidance
and counselling for the students of
Engineering Degree/Diploma institutions,
to enable them to plan in advance for a
future, after the completion of their
respective courses.
• Encourages establishment of Industry-
Institution-Interaction Cell with the aid
from AICTE. Thus, industry can
participate in the development of skills of
the students and staff in different
practical areas.
• The Department and the Board, provide
academic improvement at Diploma level
for in-service candidates, through
Correspondence cum Contact Courses
(CCC).
• Encourages Internal Revenue Generation
(IRG) throughout the State in the
Polytechnics, to update their skills and
find out resources for institutional
development.
Initiatives to improve access:
New Government Polytechnics: 33 New
Government Polytechnics were started after a
long gap, during the academic year 2008-09.
The intake in each of the new Polytechnic is
120 and they are being run on shift basis in
existing Govt. Degree/Junior colleges/High
schools. The Government accorded
administrative sanction for starting 16 more
Government Polytechnics and admissions are
in progress. Including these 49 new
Government Polytechnics, the total no. of
Government Polytechnics increased to 112.
In addition, there are 4 aided and 49 unaided
Private Polytechnics in the state. The total
intake of the students in all these 165
Polytechnics is 59,770. Besides, there are 48
123
D.Pharmacy institutions with an intake of
3,305.
24 New Courses were started in 23
Govt.Polytechnics during 2008-09. Second
shift is permitted in 27 Government, 1 Aided
and 23 Private Unaided Polytechnics for the
first time in the state during 2008-09 and
2009-10. Polytechnic as Second shift has
been introduced in 65 Engineering colleges
and admissions are in progress.
New Engineering Colleges:
• Indian Institute of
Technology, Hyderabad at Kandi, in
Medak District was established by Govt.
of India and admissions were taken up
from the year 2008-09. An Amount of
Rs.19.00 Crores was released for IIT,
Hyderabad in July,08 for land
acquisition.
• Birla Institute of Technology
and Science
(BITS) was established in Hyderabad.
• One engineering college each
is established i.e., under Yogi Vemana
University at Proddatur of Kadapa
District, at Tirupathi,S.P.Mahila
Uniersity, at S.K.University and at
Nagarjuna University.
Quality initiatives:
To improve the Quality in Technical
Education, following measures are being
taken:
a) e-Lessons:
e-Lessons is a Prestigious Project of the
department taken up during 2008-09
• As a teaching aid – Not self
learning material
• To ensure minimum standards
in Teaching
• To enable in easy
understanding of the subject by student
and improve Pass Percentage.
• 432 class rooms have been
provided with LCD projector and
computer.
• e-lessons are prepared by
Polytechnic teachers pertaining to all
subjects taught in polytechnics out of
30,000.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
• e-lessons implemented from
2008-09.
b). Faculty training and other measures
o All 37 Newly promoted
principals are provided training in
administrative skills.
o 515 Lecturers are provided
training in instructional Design and
Development System and training will be
provided for remaining 600 lecturers in
next 3 months.
o 14 Programmes were
conducted for 455 Teaching and
Ministerial staff in office Automation,
administrative procedures, CAD and
graphic design, C-programming, IT&C,
Satellite and Optical fibre
Communication, Power protection in
electrical Systems and teaching
methodology during 2008-09.
o All the English lecturers are
trained in participatory teaching
methodology
o English communication labs
have been setup in 60 Govt. Polytechnics
o 1126 latest computers have
been supplied in 61 Govt. Polytechnics
c). State Board of Technical Education:
Reforms:
Syllabus revision to make Diploma
courses on sandwich pattern
It is decided to make all Diploma Courses as
Sandwich courses to benefit the students to
know the needs of the industry and will
provide hands on experience:
 In five semesters all the students have to
study theory subjects out of 6 Semesters.
 During the Vth semester of the course,
every student has to undergo compulsory
Practical training of 6 Months duration in
any one of the industry.
 The Expert committee was constituted.
The industrialists are invited to
participate in the workshop on syllabus
revision and their advice and suggestions
are invited and are taken into
consideration in finalization of syllabus
so as to prepare the student suitable to the
needs of the industry.
124
  Syllabus last revised in 34 Courses
during 2005-06
 Syllabus of Diploma in Automobile
Engineering Revised in 2008-09
 Syllabus revision for 10 Diploma
Courses is almost completed and
remaining Diploma courses is in progress
and is decided to be implemented w.e.f.
2009-10.
Other reforms like introduction of unit tests
and sessional marks, issue of Xerox copy of
valued answer scripts and revaluation and
streamlining of scheme of valuation have
been implemented.
d).Modernization and Removal of
Obsolescence Scheme (MODROBS):
The Government Polytechnics are receiving
funds from AICTE, New Delhi for
procurement of Modern and sophisticated
equipment for the laboratories to train the
polytechnic Students, during 2008-09.
e).Technical Education Quality
improvement Programme (TEQIP):
TEQIP is an Externally Aided Project (EAP)
for the quality improvement programme and
is implemented in 11 engineering colleges
and 1 Govt.Polytechnic.
The TEQIP-I Project with an outlay of Rs.
142.62 Crores commenced in 2004- 05 was
completed on 31-3-2009.
The TEQIP-II Project with an anticipated
outlay of Rs. 218.00 Crores is likely to
commence from Jan’/April, 2010. The
project is proposed to be implemented in 20
engineering colleges.
f).Other measures
• English curriculum restructured
o introduced in all 3 years
o student workbook on EEE
o focus on LSRW Skills
o employability skills introduced
o Teachers Handbook prepared
• Biometric attendance introduced
experimentally in 93 Polytechnics for
students and staff
• Teaching through video conference is
experimentally started in GMR
Polytechnic, Paderu.
Other important Schemes of the
Department:
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
SAPNET: Govt.of Andhra Pradesh have
signed Memorandum of Understanding
(MOU) with ISRO for effective and efficient
utilization of satellite resource for
Transmission of Technology through MANA
TV- e- Class room method. Live Lectures are
being telecast in all Government
Polytechnics for the benefit of Polytechnic
students.
Adoption of Polytechnics by Industries:
The Concept of Adoption of Govt.
Polytechnic by nearby Industry is taken up to
extend the following facilities for mutual
benefit of the industry and the polytechnic.
1. Better Industry-Institution-Interaction
2. Increased employability of students
3. More industrial exposure by
arranging Industrial visits and training
4. Consultancy Services of faculty with
industry
5. Guest lectures by industrial Personnel
for the benefit of students
6. Training to technical staff of industry
in improving their Knowledge and
theoretical skill
7. Better Practical Training (on hand
experience) to students on sophisticated
machines in industry.
Pratibha Scholarships: It was introduced in
1999 by for promoting quality and excellence
in education under which meritorious
students will be awarded Merit certificate,
Memento and Scholarship. Pratibha
Scholarships are provided for different
courses @ Rs.10,000 for Diploma
Courses(CEEP); Rs.17,500 for EAMCET –
Engineering; ECET, ICET (MBA and
MCA); and Rs.22,500 for EAMCET -
Medicine.
Remote and Interior Area Development
(RIAD) Scheme:
RIAD scheme is implemented for
infrastructure development in four
Government Polytechnics located in Remote
areas i.e., Bhadrachalam, Kothagudem,
Srisailam and Paderu since 2008-09.
Rajiv Udyoga Sri
Department of Technical Education is
implementing Rajiv Udyoga Sri training
programmes in Polytechnics utilizing the
125
infrastructure facilities available for the
benefit of unemployed youth. The scheme
aims to improve the skills and their
employability. The No. of candidates Trained
are 7575 and placements are shown for 4838
out of a Target of 10000 during 2008-09 and
3406 candidates are undergoing training,
The programmes covered under training are
House Wiring and Repair of Domestic
Electrical Appliances, Computer Hardware,
Computer software, TV repairing, Plumbing,
Refrigeration and Air-conditioning, Two
wheeler servicing, Modern Surveying on
Total station, Tailoring and Embroidery,
Basic Bakery, Machine Embroidery, Zardosi
Work, Knitting and Fabric Painting,
Beautician etc.
21st Centuary Gurukulams
21St Centuary Gurukulams are Residential
Technical Institutions to provide enhanced
opportunities for meritorious Rural Youth of
Andhra Pradesh. Its primary purpose is to
provide Remedial Education and Information
Technology for the most meritorious students
among the Rural Youth. The main aim of the
21st century Gurukulams is to provide quality
candidates by imparting training to the Rural
Youth to International level of excellence in
specially designed Technical Education
Courses. Presently it is started at 6 centers.
Rajiv Gandhi University of Knowledge
Technologies (RGUKT):
Government of Andhra Pradesh have
established Rajiv Gandhi University of
Knowledge Technologies (RGUKT) in the
year 2008 through Act 18 of 2008 to cater to
the educational needs of the rural youth.
Three fully residential IIITs have been
established under the RGUKT at Basar in
Adilabad District, Nuzvid in Krishna District
and R.K. Valley in Kadapa District. These
institutes are meant to specialize in teaching
and research in Information Technology and
emerging areas of Engineering and Science.
Around 2000 students are admitted in each
IIIT in the academic year 2008-09. The
Under Graduate Programme at these IIITs
leading to a B.Tech Degree is six years
duration. Admissions are made after the SSC
level (Class X) on the basis of marks
obtained in the board examination. The first
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
two years of education by and large
correspond to intermediate syllabus and the
subsequent four years are meant for
engineering education.
The pedagogy followed at RGUKT is based
on learning to learn and life long learning
philosophy. All education is imparted
through the use of Information and
Communication Technology. Each student is
given a lap top.
***
FAMILY WELFARE
8.6 Family Welfare Department is providing
maternal health care, child health care and
family welfare services to the people through
12,522 Sub-centers; 1,570 Primary Health
Centres in rural areas; 82 Post Partum Units;
131 Urban Family Welfare Centres and 267
Urban Health Centres in Urban Areas.
The estimated Birth rate, Death rate and
Infant Mortality Rates for the year, 2008 in
the case of state are 18.4, 7.5 and 52
respectively as against 22.8, 7.4 and 53 for
All India (as per Sample Registration
System, October, 2009). Expeted life at
Birth,(2006-10) for Male and Female in the
State are 65.4 and 69.4 as against 65.8 and
68.1 for All India. Maternal Mortality Ratio
(MMR) is defined as the proportion of
maternal deaths per 100,000 live births
reported, which is 154 in the state as against
254 in All India in 2004-06 as per the Sample
Registration System, April,09.
A. Maternal Health Care Services:
Maternal Health Care Services are being
provided to the pregnant woman by
implementing the following schemes/
interventions:
• Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA)
• FRUs strengthened with CEMONC services
(Comprehensive Emergency Obstetric and
Neo-natal Care)
• Blood Bank and Blood Storage Centres
• 24-hours Mother and Child Health centres
• Janani Suraksha Yojana scheme
A.1 Accredited Social Health Activist
(ASHA):
This scheme was started during the year
2005-06 with an objective of providing the
services of the health resource person very
126
near to the community in rural areas. It is
implemented in 21,916 villages (67,561
habitations).
70,700 ASHAs(55,400 in rural areas, 10,000
in tribal areas and 5,300 in urban areas) have
been identified in all habitations across the
state through the Gram Panchayat Health
Committees, to acts as health-resource
persons of first resort in all maternal and
child health services and they are in position.
They provide services to the pregnant
woman, infants and eligible couples.
A.2 FRUs strengthened with CEMONC
services (Comprehensive Emergency
Obstetric and Neonatal Care):
This scheme was started during the year
2005-06 with an objective of providing the
services of life-saving emergency care to
mothers and children (caesarian, neonatal
care, etc). Every CEMONC centre is
designed to have 4 obstetricians, 1
pediatrician, 1 anesthetist, blood bank or
blood storage center; and additional budget
for drugs and consumables per each case of
delivery. 158 CEMONC Centers have been
functioning.
A.3 Blood Bank and Blood Storage
Centres
This scheme was started during the year
2005-06 with an objective to provide the
blood to the caesarian surgery cases. 20 new
blood banks and 89 blood storage centers are
to be set up in Comprehensive Emergency
Obstetric and Neonatal Care (CEMONC)
centres.
The Indian Red Cross Society is appointed as
the State Level Nodal Agency to set up
Blood Banks and Blood Storages Centers. 10
Blood Banks and 74 Blood Storage Centres
are functioning. The remaining are under
process.
A.4 24-hours Mother and Child Health
(MCH) centre:
This scheme was started during the year
1997-98 with an objective of providing round
the clock services for conducting normal
deliveries, to identify the high risk pregnancy
cases and to refer them to FRUs. 800 PHCs
are functioning as 24 MCH Centres. 79,984
deliveries were conducted during 2008-09
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
and 48,396 deliveries are conducted during
2009-10 (upto Ocober 2009).
A.5 Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) :
This scheme was started during the year
2005-06 with an objective to encourage
pregnant women for institutional delivery in
Government/Private Institution which
contributes for the reduction of Maternal
Mortality and Infant Mortality.
Under this scheme, Rs.1,000/-(Rs.700/-
under JSY (GOI) + Rs.300/- under
Sukhibhava scheme (State) is being paid to
rural BPL woman who undergoes
institutional delivery. From 1st April 2006,
JSY has been extended to BPL urban
families also.
The number of JSY beneficiaries were
5,51,206 during 2008– 09 and 1,29,496 in
2009-10 so far.
B. Child Health Care Services:
Child Health Care Services are being
provided to the Infant and Children by
implementing the following schemes /
interventions:
• Vaccine Preventable Diseases
• Main Activities
• Implementation of Universal
Immunization Program
• Convergence
• Neo-natal intensive care units
B.1 Vaccine Preventable Diseases (VPDs):
All children are being vaccinated against VPD
such as Whooping Cough, Diphtheria,
Tetanus, Polio, TB, Measles, and Hepatitis-B.
The names of the vaccines used under
immunization are - B.C.G, O.P.V., D.P.T,
Hepatitis-B, Measles and TT will be given to
the pregnant women.
B.2 Main Activities:
a) Routine Immunization including Vitamin-A
Bi-annual administration during January
and July of every year.
b) Campaign – Intensified Pulse Polio
Immunization
c) Surveillance – Polio and Measles
surveillance
127
B.3. Implementation of Universal
Immunization Program:
Following immunization activities are being
implemented as Part-C under RCH-II with
additional inputs:
1) Additional Mobility support to DIOs, 2)
Vaccine transport, 3) Cold chain repairs and
maintenance, 4) Computer assistants to assist
the DIO, 5) Alternative vaccine delivery, 6)
Focus on slum and underserved areas in
urban slums, 7)Mobilization of children by
WHV.
In addition to the above, the following
activities are also taken up for strengthening
routine immunization:
a. Conducting Village Health and Nutrition
Day in the villages once in a month for
providing immunization and treatment
for minor ailments.
b. Organizing immunization catch-up
campaigns in tribal districts as and when
felt necessary.
c. Organizing Measles and AFP
surveillance campaigns as per necessity.
d. By publicizing through IEC activities to
bring awareness in all sections of public
about the immunization particularly in
the SC/ ST and weaker section areas,
habitations and outreach areas.
B.4. Convergence:
For effective implementation of Health
activities in the districts, Convergence
sessions are being conducted among the
Health, Medical and Family Welfare,
Women Development and Child Welfare and
DRDA departments at the state, district, PHC
and sub-centre level.
B.5 Neonatal Intensive Care Units
(NICUs) :
This scheme was started during the year
2006-07 with an objective to provide
emergency neonatal care services to new
born and neonates to reduce Infant mortality
rate and to improve the quality of pediatric
care services in remote, interior, tribal areas
and urban areas.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
It is proposed to establish 160 NICUs in the
State (in 13 Teaching Hospitals, 23 Dist.
Hospitals, 16 Area Hospitals and 108
CEMONC centers). 14 Pediatricians are
positioned against 124 posts sanctioned.
It is planned to position two Staff Nurses and
two ANMs on contract basis in each unit. So
far, 161 Staff Nurses are positioned. District
Selection Committees are requested to fill-up
the remaining vacancies and it is under
process.
C. Family Welfare Services:
Family Welfare Services are being provided
to the eligible Couples by implementing the
following schemes/interventions:
• Permanent Methods
• Spacing Methods
• MTP Services
• Family Planning Insurance Scheme
• State Population Policy
C.1: Permanent/Spacing Methods:
This scheme was started during the year 1952
with an objective to control the population
growth by providing family welfare services
to the eligible couples who want to adopt
spacing or small family norm on voluntary
basis.
The services of tubectomy and vasectomy
under permanent methods and IUD, Oral
Pills and Nirodh pieces under spacing
methods are being provided to the eligible
couples. The Government is providing
Family Planning Incentive towards
Compensation loss of wages for female
sterilizations (BPL/SC/ST) – Rs.600/- and
Rs.250/- for APL people and male
sterilization (BPL/SC/ST) –and Rs.1100/- for
all people.
C.2 Medical Termination of Pregnancy
Services (MTP):
The objective of the scheme is to provide the
MTP services to the eligible couples for
termination of unwanted pregnancy. The
services are being provided at all the Govt.
hospitals in the state. The number of
beneficiaries during 2008–09 are 6,132.
128
 This scheme was started during the year 2000
C.3 Family Planning Insurance Scheme: with an objective to provide Preventive,
This scheme was started during the year 2005 Promotive and Curative Services to the
with an objective to provide insurance to people living in urban slum areas. 192 Urban
sterilization acceptors as per MOU signed Health centres are functioning in the state
with insurance company. Details of the through NGOs with State Government
scheme are shown in Table 8.10. Funds. Each urban health centre covers
15,000 population in slum area. 75 UHCs
Table 8.10 were established so far under RCH-II.
Family Planning Insurance D.1 Tribal Health Services:
Sl. Issues covered Limit of
The following additional initiatives are taken
No. indemnity
1 Death due to sterilization up to strengthen the health services in the
operation in Hospital or Rs.2,00,000 tribal areas
within 7 days from the date • 8,500 Community Health Volunteers
of discharge from the working in tribal areas are converted as
hospital
ASHAs. They are being paid
2 Death occurring due to
sterilization operation Rs.50,000 performance based incentive on par with
between 8 to 30 days from other ASHAs in addition to the
the date of discharge from honorarium being paid to them since
the hospital inception of the scheme.
3 Failure of sterilization
• Initiatives under RCH-II from
operation (payable once Rs.30,000
only) 2005-06 onwards:
4 Expenses for treatment of Actual,  Birth Waiting Homes: Tribal area birth
medical complication due to subject to waiting homes are being constructed to
sterilization operation maximum of enable women from distant and interior
(within 60 days of operation) Rs.25,000
habitations to reach the delivery care
Source: Family Welfare Department
institution a couple of days before the
expected date of delivery as to prevent
C.4 State Population Policy:
the complications of arrival in late
The State Population Policy was formulated
labour. The construction of 29 Birth
during the year 1997 with an objective to
Waiting Homes is completed and
improve the quality of services under Family
handed over so far and 9 are to be
Welfare programme. During the Family
completed.
Planning Camps, the facilities like
arrangement of Shamiyanas, Drinking Water  30 Mobile Medical Units are
Bottles, Beds, Transport, etc. are being functioning in all the tribal areas to
provided to the sterilization acceptors. provide the services at the door step of
Further, on the eve of the World Population the tribal people.
Day on 11th July of every year, an incentive
of Rs.10,000/- is being paid to 69 E. Community Involvement Activities:
sterilization acceptors at the rate 3 per district E.1.Sub-Center un-tied funds
who are being selected on lucky dip basis at The scheme was started during 2005-06. The
district level to the following categories: Objective of this scheme is to provide funds
a) Couples accepted sterilization with one at Gram Panchayat level to meet the
child requirements for maintenance of sanitation
b) Couples accepted sterilization with two and public health at village level and to
girl children improve the facilities at the sub-centre level.
c) Couples accepted vasectomy with two An amount of Rs.10,000/- is being released
children to each sub-centre per annum and this
amount will be deposited in a joint account to
D. Urban Slum Health Services : be operated by the Village Sarpanch and the
ANM.

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 129

The untied funds for maintenance of
PHCs/CHCs is being given for getting minor
repairs done; to get the PHC/CHC
compounds clean on a regular basis; to
arrange for scientific bio-medical waste
disposal; to meet expenses for NRHM review
with MPHA (Male and Female) and ASHAs
and to provide referral transportation in
exceptional situations etc. at PHC/CHC level.
The amounts given for PHC/CHC is briefed
below.
E.2.Untied funds for Maintenance of
PHCs:
The scheme was started during 2006-07. The
budget for untied funds is Rs.25,000, annual
maintenance grant is Rs.50,000 and for
Hospital Development Societies (HDS) is Rs.
One lakh per annum.
E.3.Untied funds for Maintenance of
CHCs:
The scheme was started during 2006-07. The
budget for untied funds is Rs.50,000 and
HDS is Rs. One lakh per annum.
E.4.Village Level Health and Sanitation
Committees:
This scheme was started during the year
2006-07 with an objectives to ensure optimal
use of health service in the village; improve
participation of the village level health and
sanitation committees in maintaining quality
health services and sanitation; to prevent
occurrence of epidemics in the villages.
The Village Health and Sanitation
Committees are formed with Panchayat
Sarpanches as chairpersons, and ward
members, Anganwadi Workers, ANMs, and
Women Health Volunteers as members and
MPHAs (M), and MPHAs (F) as member
conveners. 21,916 Village Health and
Sanitation Committees are constituted and
amount of Rs.10,000/- is being given to each
Village Health and Sanitation Committees
for annum under NRHM.
F.Public and Private Partnership
Activities:
The following activities are being
implemented under Public and Private
Partnership Activities in Andhra Pradesh.
F.1.Rural Emergency Health
Transportation Scheme - EMRI) -108 :
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
• The Govt. of AP initiated the scheme to
enable the rural poor to have easy access
to the hospital health care services free of
cost in times of emergency particularly in
respect of maternal and neonatal / infant
health emergencies.
• The Emergency Management Research
Institute (EMRI), an NGO set up by the
Satyam Foundation is identified as nodal
agency by Government of Andhra
Pradesh.
• A common toll-free telephone number
108 is provided for 24 hours and 365
days for accessing ambulance services.
• An operational cost of Rs.1,12,499/- per
month per ambulance is being paid by the
Government.
• Every ambulance is provided with trained
technical staff.
• Total 752 Ambulances are covering the
entire state of Andhra Pradesh.
• The average number of trips for
transporting emergency patients per day
is 8 trips per ambulance.
• 70% of the trips are towards
transportation of SC/ST and BPL
pregnant women and children below 5
years of age to the nearest FRU’s.
• Each ambulance is covering 50 kms. per
trip approximately for both ways of
transport covering 400 kms per day
approximately by each ambulance.
• The no. of average calls received per day
are 68,000.
• Total number of lives saved is 54,000 so
far (since inception).
• Total number of emergencies attended
since August, 2005 is 34.17 lakhs.
F.2. Health Information Helpline – (104):
This scheme was started during the year
2007. It is a Public Private Partnership with
Health Management Research Institute by
Govt. of Andhra Pradesh. The objective of
the scheme is to provide Health Information
advice, counseling to the public on Toll free
No.104. On average 36,000 calls are being
attended by HIHL.
Special Features:
130
It is a unique, innovative scheme being
implemented for the first time in India. An
individual can also utilize 108 emergency
ambulance services to transport emergency
seriously ill patients through HIHL 104.
Information on referral services at various
Government Hospitals and the people can
also lodge complaints on functioning of
Health Institutions of Govt. sector which will
be referred to concerned HODs for redressal
and further action. Information on epidemic
out breaks can be passed on to Director of
Health and other HODs through 104.
F.3.Fixed Day Health Services – (104):
The Fixed Day Health Services is a Mobile
Health Vehicle based service that provide a
convergence of comprehensive services for
the identification, diagnosis, monitoring and
treatment, record keeping and referral of high
risk cases in each rural habitation to nearest
Government Hospital for management and
advice.
Each Mobile Health Unit is equipped with an
ultrasound machine, an extended roof
canopy, basic laboratory equipment to
perform basic lab tests, a cold chain unit to
store vaccines and blood samples and a
laptop computer to enable store and forward
technologies for improved beneficiary profile
tracking. The vehicle also incorporates a
video projection system for public health
education.
Fixed Day Health Service is a once-a-month
fixed day service at the rural habitations
through a Mobile Health Vehicle. These
Mobile Health Vehicles are serving the Rural
Population of around 4 crores who are
located 3 km beyond a Health Care Delivery
institution such as Primary Health Centres
(PHCs) and Community Health Centres
(CHCs).
The services are being provided through a
Mobile Health Vehicle, which physically
visiting each habitation on a fixed day every
month with a population of 1500 each
according to pre-determined calendar with a
staff of six (6) Para Medics to provide the
following services:
1. Pregnancy monitoring and care
2. Infant and Child health
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
3. Chronic ailments including National
Health Programmes
4. Enhanced Integrated Disease
Surveillance Programme
5. School Health.
Each mobile health vehicle serves one
habitation in the morning from 8.00 am to
12.00 noon while the other habitation is
served from 1.00 PM to 5.00 PM for 28 days
in a month. At present the services are being
rendered with 475 MHUs in all districts
except Hyderabad.
G. Preconception and Prenatal
Diagnostic Techniques (PCandPNDT):
The Pre-Conception and Pre-natal Diagnostic
Techniques (Prohibition of Sex Selection)
Act 1994 and Rules 1996 are being
implemented in Andhra Pradesh to prevent
Female foeticide and to improve the female
sex ratio in the State. Under this Act - 3620
Medical Facilities (Scanning Centres) are
registered in Andhra Pradesh as on
31.03.2009. 10 cases are filed so far in
various courts for violation of PC PNDT Act.
The expected Level of achievements and
actual achievements of family welfare
programme and immunization are furnished
in the Annexure 8.11.
***
Rajiv Aarogyasri Health Insurance
Scheme:
8.7 There was a felt need in the State to provide
financial protection to families living below
poverty line for the treatment of serious
ailments such as cancer, kidney failure, heart
diseases etc. Available network of
government hospitals do not have the
requisite pool of specialist doctors to meet
the statewide requirement for such treatment.
Consequently, many such people go to
private hospitals and incur huge costs. In
many cases, patients died in harness unable
to access medical treatment, which is beyond
their means. Mounting medical expenses is
identified as one of the causes leading to
pauperization of the farming community.
Aarogyasri Health Care Trust was therefore,
set up to implement a Community Health
Insurance Scheme named Aarogyasri (now
Aarogyasri-I) to begin with in three districts
of Mahabubnagar, Anantapur, Srikakulam
131
from 01-04-07. The scheme has since been
extended to the entire State with certain
modifications in a phased manner. The Trust
also established a network of hospitals, fixed
the diagnostic and treatment protocol to keep
the cost of administering the scheme low.
Government and private hospitals fulfilling
minimum qualifications in terms of
availability of inpatient medical beds,
laboratory equipments, operation theatres etc.
and a track record in the treatment of
specified diseases are enlisted for providing
treatment under the scheme. Premium under
the scheme is fully borne by the Government.
Salient features of the scheme:
• Provides financial protection upto Rs.
2.00 lakhs to each family in a year for
medical treatment. All BPL ration card
holders (white card) are eligible for the
benefit. Diseases covered include Heart,
Cancer, Neuro Surgery, Renal, Burns and
Poly-trauma cases(330 major procedures).
• The entire operation is cashless for the
patient from date of reporting to hospital till
discharge. Free diagnostic and treatment
facility is provided for all patients,
irrespective of surgery. Hospitals have to
conduct at least one free medical camp in a
week, thereby taking advanced evaluation to
the doorstep of patient.
• Cashless arrangement with network
hospitals is one of the key elements of the
scheme, whereby beneficiary once registered
in network hospital does not have to pay at
all for the entire process of treatment. This
has become possible by evolving package
rate, which in addition to actual cost of
treatment includes cost of conducting health
camps, screening of patients, diagnostics,
testing and treatment, food, transport and
follow-up.
• Insurance company undertakes the health
insurance and provides risk cover, on
payment of premium. Selection of insurance
company is done through a process of
competitive bidding (technical and financial)
and quote of lowest premium.
• The Scheme provides coverage for
meeting expenses of hospitalization and
surgical procedures of beneficiary members
up to Rs.1.50 lakhs per family per year
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
subject to limits, in any of the network
hospitals. The benefit on family is on floater
basis i.e. the total reimbursement of Rs.1.50
lakhs can be availed of individually or
collectively by members of the family.
• A separate fund is maintained as
Buffer/corporate floater to take care of
expenses; if it exceeds the original sum i.e.
Rs.1.50 lakhs per Individual/family. In such
cases, an amount upto Rs.50,000 per
individual/family is additionally provided.
• Participating hospitals are required to be
empanelled with selected insurance
company, based on pre-fixed criteria of
availability of infrastructure, equipment and
qualified personnel. Choice of hospital for
treatment from among empanelled hospitals
is given to patient. Patient facilitation is
done through a dedicated team of
Aarogyamitras (health workers), 24 x 7
Call Center (Toll Free Number 1800-425-
7788) and a Help Desk at each network
hospital. Treatment is to be provided in
hospitals as per pre-fixed medical protocols.
• All Primary Health Centers (PHCs),
which are the first contact point, are
provided with Aarogyamitra (Health
Workers) selected by women self-help
groups to help illiterate patients.
• The Scheme is implemented on line
through an IT portal for efficiency,
transparency and accountability. An IT
company is engaged to develop and maintain
software, hardware and all data and medical
records pertaining to the scheme.
Since the coverage of diseases under
Aarogyasri-I was restricted, a large number
of poor patients continued to represent to
provide assistance from Chief Ministers’
Relief Fund (CMRF) for treatment of other
ailments. An assistance of Rs.425 crores was
so far provided in 1.25 lakh such cases from
CMRF in last 4 years to meet part of the
treatment cost. This, however, did not help
30 percent of the rural poor, being unable to
meet balance expenses. The Trust, therefore,
constituted 31 teams of specialist doctors
from government and private hospitals and
analyzed all the diseases afflicting the poor
patients, listed more than 1100 medical and
surgical procedures and finally basing on the
132
criterion of being emergency and life saving
in nature and such that specialist doctors
required for treatment are in shortage in
government hospitals, finalized a further list
of 533 diseases for inclusion in Aarogyasri
scheme (named as Aarogyasri-II).
Aarogyasri-II was launched in the State on
17th April, 2008 at Nellore for cashless
treatment of these additional diseases (389
surgical and 144 medical) thus enable many
more BPL families obtain cashless treatment
and lead a healthy life. Further, based on the
feedback the coverage under the scheme was
extended to another 77 new procedures, in
Obstetrics, Eye, ENT, Cardiology and in life
saving areas in Trauma and Critical care. It is
also extended to fund the Behind- the-Ear,
Analog hearing aid for hearing impaired.
Thus, the total number of diseases covered
under Aarogyasri is 942. While the front end
of both Aarogyasri – I and II schemes viz.
network hospitals, Aarogyamitras, Health
Cards etc., are one, pre-authorization and
claim settlement for Aarogyasri-I scheme is
done by the Insurance company, while for
Aarogyasri-II, it is done by the Trust directly
and funded from CM Relief Fund.
Hospitals are now providing minimum of
25% beds in their hospitals. Beneficiaries are
allowed 48 hours time to produce Health
Card/White Card in case of emergencies.
Government created revolving fund of Rs.10
crores to assist government hospitals to
expand their capacity to treat Heamodialysis
patients. It is decided to retain 20% of
earnings by the Government Hospitals to
create further fund to regularly assist these
hospitals to improve their infrastructure.
Aarogyasri scheme is unique in its
applicability, since no other state/
government agency has provided universal
health coverage to the poor for major
ailments. The entire process from the time of
conduct of health camps to the screening,
testing, treatment, follow-up and claim
payment is made transparent through online
web based processing to prevent any misuse
and fraud. The scheme is complimentary to
facilities available in government hospitals
and put together fully meets the medical
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
requirements of BPL population.
Government hospitals treating Aarogyasri
Table 8.11
Hospitals and Beds
Type of Hospitals Hospitals Beds (No.)
(No.)
District Hospitals 17 4400
Area hospitals 58 5800
Community Health 122 4840
Centers
Specialty Hospitals 10 824
Dispensaries 26 0
Total 233 15864
Source:- AP Vaidya Vidhana Parishad
patients are entitled to receive same payment
as the private and corporate hospitals.
Government hospitals have obtained
approvals worth Rs.150 crores till date under
the scheme. 65 percent of the revenue goes to
hospital development society and remaining
35 percent to the team of treating doctors and
paramedics as incentive. This system is
motivating more and more government
hospitals to participate in the scheme and
utilize the revenue earned to improve
facilities to provide quality medical care and
thus bring reforms in tertiary medical care.
Officials from several States and foreign
dignitaries have visited the state and
appreciated the efforts. The scheme is
providing much needed help to poor families
for treatment of serious ailments, thereby
saving them from debt-trap. It is also
bringing advanced surgical treatment within
their reach and helping many an invalid
young and elderly patients to resume their
livelihood.
Achievements (as on 14th January 2010)
Since inception (Aarogyasri-I from 1st April,
2007 and Aarogyasri-II from 17th July, 2008)
15,353 Medical camps were held by the
network hospitals in rural areas and 26.81
lakh patients were screened in these health
camps. So far, 7.2 lakh patients treated as
out-patients and 5.7 lakh patients treated as
in-patients in 340 network hospitals under
the scheme. 4.94 lakh patients underwent
surgery/ therapy worth Rs.1478.56 crores.
***
ANDHRA PRADESH VAIDYA
VIDHANA PARISHAD
133
8.8 Andhra Pradesh Vaidya Vidhana Parishad
(APVVP) was established in November,
1986 to manage secondary level hospitals in
the State. 159 hospitals were developed
under World Bank funding during 1995-
2002. They are provided with new buildings,
minor and major equipment. Staff was given
training in skill updation to better manage the
hospitals and provide patient care.
Subsequently, Primary Health Centres were
transferred to secondary health care and now
there are 233 hospitals spread over the entire
State. Details are shown in Table 8.11.
APVVP Activities:
APVVP Plans, monitors, guides, supports
and evaluates both physical and financial
aspects in the following areas at all the
secondary hospitals that are under its control.
• Maintenance of hospital buildings and
sanitation.
• Provision, maintenance and supervision of
major and minor equipment.
• Provision of drugs and consumables.
• Posting, transfers, training, punishments and
rewards for all employees.
• Review of Hospital performance.
• Allocating funds.
Hospitals Activities:
APVVP hospitals provide the Outpatient
services, Inpatient services (including
emergency and surgical), Diagnostic services
and Laboratory services. Along with the
Primary Health Centres and Teaching
hospitals (Tertiary hospitals), these hospitals
act as a platform for implementation of
various national health programs like
Malaria. Tuberculosis, Family Welfare,
AIDS, etc.
District Hospitals provide service with a bed
strength that ranges from 200-350 and ten
clinical specialities like Obstetrics and
Gynaecology, Pediatrics, General Medicine,
General Surgery, Orthopedics, Dental, ENT
Ophthalmology, Anesthesiology, Radiology
and others.
Area Hospitals provide service with 100 beds
and four clinical specialities like Obstetrics
and Gynecology, Pediatrics, General
Medicine and General Surgery.
Community Health Centres provide service
with 30-50 beds and one clinical speciality.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
These hospitals are provided with
professional staff (Doctors, Nurses and
Paramedics) and medical equipment
depending upon their service levels and bed
strength.
The drugs are provided to all the hospitals by
the central drug stores under APHMHIDC as
per the requirements specified by APVVP.
Staff Position:
1,569 Doctors on regular basis and 427
doctors on contract basis, 3,337 regular
Nursing Staff and 343 Nursing Staff on
contract basis, 2,161 regular paramedical
staff and 119 paramedical staff on contract
basis are working in these hospitals.
***
HEALTH
8.9 National Iodine Deficiency Disorders
Control Program
National Iodine Deficiency Disorders
Control Program is 100% Centrally
Sponsored Scheme. Iodine Deficiency is the
single most common cause of preventable
mental retardation and brain damage. Iodine
Deficiency in pregnant women may cause
miscarriages, still birth, and birth defects.
Children with Iodine Deficiency grow up
stunted, less active and may retard with
impaired movement or hearing.
Objectives
• To promote awareness on Goitre and
Iodine Deficiency Disorder and their
prevention among people living in endemic
areas.
• To educate the masses to use IodizedSalt.
• To conduct surveys to assess the magnitude
of the Iodine deficiency disorders.
Prevention
• Daily consumption of Iodised Salt prevents
the spectrum of disorders causes due to
Iodine Deficiency.
• The daily requirement of Iodine for adults
is 150m gms.
• Iodization of salt is a low cost. Highly
effective means of prevention of Iodine
Deficiency Disorders.
Action Plan 2009-10:
134
• Conducting surveys in the district assess
the magnitude of IDD.
• Conducting awareness campaign in the
District to create awareness about IDD and
using of Iodized salt.
• Coordinating with the civil suppliers
department to ensure supply of Iodized salt
through PDS.
Activities and Achievements in 2009-10:
• Distributed 3,333 salt testing kits so far.
• 60654 Samples were tested upto the month
January 2010 and 22,411 samples of
Iodized salts found confirmed to the
standards.
School Health Programme:
The A.P school health programme was
started in 1985. The objectives of the
programme are:
• Promotion of Health of the School going
children.
• Prevention of diseases by early detection
and prompt treatment.
• Health appraisal of the pupils by the School
teachers.
• Preliminary Screening of all the pupils by
the School teachers.
• Quarterly medical examination by the
doctor.
• First-Aid and treatment of minor ailments.
Activities during 2009-10:
• Plan to send the doctor to the Hostels of
SC, ST students for 100% coverage of
SC/ST Boys and Girls.
• Medical officer visits the boarders once a
month whereas the Para Medical Staff
examines the children twice a month.
• During the visits, special attention will be
paid to the following aspects in addition to
the routine examination.
a) Personal Hygiene of the Boarders.
b) Status of Protected water supply.
c) Conduct of Mid day meals
programme.
d) Quantity and Quality of food.
e) Place of Preparation of food and
that of distribution.
f) Conductions of Vessels and other
utensils.
g) Protection of food from flies and
other insects.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
h) Availability of toilets, their
numbers and sanitary status.
i) General sanitary environment and
sanitation inside the hostel.
j) Availability of emergency drugs
(Many of Ashram Schools are
provided with some money to
purchase drugs as well as for the
honorarium to engage a doctor on
part time basis.)
k) Availability of mosquito
repellants and nets.
l) To create awareness among the
boarders of SC/ST Hostels on
Preventive Measures of Vector borne
diseases like Malaria, Chikun guniya,
Dengue, Gastroenteritis and Diarrhea
etc.
Achievements during the2009-10 are:
• No of Children Enrolled: 80,39,060
• No of Children examined: 64,77,411
• No of Children treated: 32,88,708
• No of Children referred: 32,190
Performance under school health programme
is given in Annexure 8.12.
Tobacco Related Diseases and Control
Usage of Tobacco and tobacco products
causes a wide range of major diseases i.e.
several types of cancer, heart diseases and
lung diseases. It requires considerable public
support for prevention and control of tobacco
use.
State Government have issued notifications
on prohibition of smoking and health
protection Act with the following objectives.
Objectives:
• To promote awareness in the community
by enlightening the public about the ill
effects of tobacco products.
• To create awareness among teenagers
about the ill effects of using tobacco
products.
• Educate public about prevention and
control of deadly diseases caused by the
usages of tobacco products like cancer of
mouth, throat, lung, urinary bladder etc.
Action Plan:
• Intensification of Information, Education
and Communication (IEC) activities to
135
 create awareness on tobacco related was launched in 1958 with encouraging
diseases in the community. results in its implementation. The modified
• Educate the community not to smoke and plan of operation stabilized malaria incidence
not to use tobacco products. around 2 million cases annually, since 1977.
• 4,284 cases were booked against the Enhanced Malaria Control Project was
violators on smoking in public places and introduced in 1997, aided by World Bank,
penalty also collected. covering the tribal areas of 10 districts in the
Diabetic Care and Control Program: State. The problem is mostly concentrated in
Government have taken up the Diabetic care 105 Primary Health Centers in Tribal areas of
and control program with the following the State and the project is extended to 128
objectives. PHCs including tribal and non-tribal areas.
The program has been changed to NVBDCP
• Early detection of the diabetic in the in the year 2004. NVBDCP deals with
community Malaria, Japanese Encephalitis, Suspected
• One day of every month is free for the Viral Encephalitis, Dengue, Chikungunya,
diabetic tests in all PHC’s Filaria and Kala azar under an umbrella
• To create awareness of the diabetes and its program.
effects. Objectives:
• Encouraging public to get diabetic tests 1. Prevention of deaths due to vector
done periodically. borne diseases.
• Extending treatment for positive cases and 2. Reduction of morbidity.
making them self monitoring, if necessary, Strategies Adopted:
referring them to referral hospital. o Early Diagnosis and Prompt Treatment of
Action Plan: all vector borne disease cases by weekly/
• To organize Health and other departments fortnightly surveillance, through Para
and NGO’s at PHC level/ District level to Medical Staff.
create awareness on Diabetes. o Integrated Vector Control Measures by
• To conduct screening camps for Diabetics adopting insecticidal spray operations,
at every PHC on a day in a week/month. personal prophylactic measures like bed
• To supply the required drugs and nets usage, biological control measures
equipment to PHC’s/Districts for control of with Gambusia fish release and source
diabetes. reduction methods.
National Vector Borne Diseases Control o Capacity building by conducting induction
Program (NVBDCP) and re-orientation level trainings to in-
Table 8.12
service staff and other voluntary
Vector Borne Diseases organizations useful to the program.
2008 2009 o Intersectoral co-ordination between other
Diseases
Cases
Death
Cases Deaths departments and the medical and health
s services.
Malaria 26,424 0 23,369 3 o Health education through Information.
Dengue 313 2 1,190 11 Education and Communication (IEC) to
Confirmed 5 0 117 0 create awareness among the public
Chikungunya regarding the diseases and its prevention
J.E. 16 0 34 0 and control.
Source: Health Department Details on Vector borne diseases are shown
Malaria has been a major scourge in India in Table 8.12.
contributing 17 Million cases and 0.8 Million TB Control Program
deaths every year, prior to the launching of The Revised National TB Control Program
National Malaria Control Program in 1953. (RNTCP) was launched in the year 1995 with
The National Malaria Eradication Program DFID aid. GFATM is aiding the program
from November, 2005.

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 136

The first two districts to start RNTCP in the • Refractive errors detection – School Eye
state are Hyderabad and Medak in the year Screening – Distribution of Free Spectacles
1995-96. RNTCP coverage of AP has been - Special Report on Blind Schools.
completed in a phased manner by February • Eye Donation and Strengthening of Eye
Banks.
Table 8.15
School Children Eye Screening (Nos.) • Early detection of Glaucoma and Diabetic
2008-09
2009-10 Retinopathy
Activity
Annual Achievem
(upto Sep.09)
Annual Achieveme
• Newly initiated Tele-Ophthalmology by
Target ent Target nt REH-Visakhapatnam to Paderu and
Teachers
11,000 10,828 11,000 3,427 Yelamanchili.
Trained
School • DFID –Tribal Eye Care Project by
Children APRTSS in all ITDA areas.
Screened 9..52 13.92 15.00 7..52
(in lakh Objectives:
Nos.) 1. To provide high quality of Eye care to the
School
Children
affected population.
detected 66,667 69,111 90,000 34,368 2. To expand coverage of Eye care services
with Reff.
Errors Table 8.13
Free Performance of RNTCP
Glasses 20,000 33,118 27,000 7,384
distributed Total case
Source:- Health Department
2004. There are 177 TB Units and 918
DMCs (Designated Microscopy Center) and
80,000 DOT (Directly Observed Treatment)
centers in the State under the Program. New smear
positiv
Objectives e Cure rate
Year detecti expected
• To achieve 90% sputum conversion rate on (85%)
and 85% cure rate among new sputum achieve
positive TB cases registered. d
• To detect 70% of the estimated new
sputum-positive cases after achieving first
objective.The performance of RNTCP is
shown in Table 8.13.

National Program for Control of Blindness 2004 105835 44669 84%

National Program for control of Blindness 2005 108679 44097 84%
was started in 1976 aiming to reduce the 2006 107051 44867 84%
prevalence of Blindness from 1.4% to 0.3%. 2007 111292 49085 85%
2008 114624 49759 86%
Disease Control: 2009
86521 37972 87%
• Free Cataract Surgeries, both in (3rd qtr)
Source: - Health Department
Government and NGO sector.
to the under-served areas.
Cataract Operations conducted during 2008-
09 and 2009-10 are shown in Table 8.14.
Table 8.14
Cataract Operations
Year Target Achievement % on
The target and achievement of School
Target Children Eye Screen during the years 2008-
2008-09 5,50,000 5,82,318 105.9 09 and 2009-10 are shown in Table 8.15.
2009-10 5,50,000 2,95,955 107.62
(Upto
Sep.09)
8.SocialHealth
Source:- InfrastructureNYS0702
Department 137
 State Health Education Bureau sexual partners, high prevalence of sexually
The State Health Education Bureau (SHEB) transmitted illnesses, low condom use with
is functioning with the divisions viz., non-regular sexual partners, large migrant
Administrative wing, Training, Student population, and large network of national
Health Education, Media, Educational, Field highways, trafficking of girls and most
Study and demonstration centre and State importantly awareness not resulting in
health museum. behavioural change.
Important activities under SHEB include - As per the latest HIV Sentinel Surveillance,
Preparation of IEC material in Telugu on all 2007, Andhra Pradesh is one of the high
the National Health Programs, Providing prevalent States in the Country in terms of
Technical guidance for Traditional Media, HIV prevalence among the adult population.
and conducting Orientation Training The estimated adult population living with
programs to Para Medical trainees at State HIV/AIDS is 5.4 lakhs. The trend of HIV
Health Museum. prevalence among various groups involved in
the sentinel surveillance is presented in Table
*** 8.16.
Table 8.16
AIDS CONTROL HIV Prevalence
8.10 A.P. State AIDS Control Society was Risk Group 2005 2006 2007
registered in September, 1998 for HIV/AIDS Antenatal
2.00 1.51
(Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus women 1.00
/Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome) STD patients 22.8 24.0 17.2
Female Sex
programs. HIV/AIDS has been a constant Workers (FSWs)
12.8 8.8
8.01
threat to the country and in particular to the Men-sex-Men
State, as Andhra Pradesh is one of the six 6.5 10.25
(MSMs) 17.24
high AIDS prevalent states in India Source: - AP State Aids Control Society
(Tamilnadu, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Mode of Transmission: Out of total HIV
Manipur and Nagaland). Among these six positive cases in 2009-10, (April to
states, Andhra Pradesh is one with the November, 2009) of about 54,000 people,
highest prevalence rates of 2% among 93.9% were due to hetero-sexual followed by
attendees of Ante Natal Clinics and 22.8% 4.4% parent to child, 0.49% infected syringes
among STD clinic attendees in the year 2005 and needles, 0.31% blood and blood products
posing a great challenge for prevention and and 0.9 % non-specified/ unknown reasons.
control of this infection. However, with
Policy Initiatives: The National AIDS
sustained efforts, during the last two years,
Control Programme- Phase III (2007-12) has
the prevalence rate has come down, and as
commenced on 6th July 2007, to take forward
per reports of the year 2008, it is 1% among
the initiatives on HIV/AIDS control
attendees of Anti Natal Clinics. HIV still
programme in the country.
remains a matter of concern among people
In accordance with the goal of NACP – III,
having high-risk behaviour. In order to
the State of Andhra Pradesh aims to reverse
augment the efforts to prevent the further
the epidemic by aiming to reduce new
spread of HIV/AIDS, Government have
infections, as estimated in the first year of the
initiated several measures, focusing not only
program, by sixty percent in the State by
prevention, but also providing services for
2012.
testing, treatment, care and support to the
This is aimed to be achieved by introducing
people infected with HIV/AIDS.
focused prevention interventions by
Out of all the infections, 93.49% was through
implementing community-led structural
sexual transmission and 92% are in the
interventions for key population groups, by
reproductive age group of 15-49 years
motivating and enabling community
(Reports by Voluntary Counseling and
ownership of the HIV/AIDS Programme and
Testing Centres). The reasons for such high
translating awareness and knowledge into
prevalence of HIV were high non-regular

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 138

behaviour change with adoption of safe treatment. While the AASHA Campaigns
practices at an individual level. generated awareness with people’s
participation in the HIV/AIDS awareness,
Strategy for High-risk Population:
‘Be Bold’ campaign resulted in massive
The prime strategy of targeted interventions
uptake of services. The BSS 2006, indicated
for high risk population is to achieve
that, more than 90% of people have become
saturated coverage among key population
aware of HIV/AIDS as a result of awareness
groups like female sex workers (FSW), male
campaigns, where as the number of people
sex workers (MSW) and men who have sex
got tested for HIV to know their services has
with men (MSM) and transgender (TG). The
increased from 6 lakh per annum from 2006
program will also address the needs of the
to more than one million in 2008. It is
bridge population groups (clients/partners of
estimated that, during 2009-10, more than
the key population, like truckers, prison
two million people would get tested
inmates and migrants). Under Targeted
voluntarily to know their HIV status in the
Interventions, 88% of the Key populations
state. The number of people accessing ART
are covered with programs taken up by
services and services in CCCs has also
APSACS and partners like BMGF. At
increased to 60,000 in each area.
present, there are 41 FSW, 7 MSM, 5 IDU
“Mee Nestam” Campaign: Continuing
interventions by SACS for High Risk Groups
these efforts and in view of the scaling up of
covering 40% of these populations and the
services like 677 ICTCs, mobile ICTCs, 95
partners are covering the rest 60% HRGs. In
CCCs, 30 ART centres, etc., the ‘Mee
addition, 12 interventions for migrants and 7
Nestam’ campaign is launched as an
interventions for truckers have also been
overarching campaign primarily to fight
started to saturate the coverage of all key
stigma and discrimination and encourage the
populations. It is estimated that, at present
health care providers to offer services in a
two lakh persons of the High Risk Groups
friendly and congenial atmosphere.
are being covered with these interventions.
This is in tune with the strategic program
The mapping of the High Risk Groups has
implementation approach and aimed at
commenced to estimate the correct picture of
enhancing the participation and ownership
these groups.
among service providers and the recipients
Prevention of new infections in general
by launching a brand name and
population:
programmatic medium. ‘Mee Nestam’
Prevention among general population is
campaign, is thus, much different from a
aimed to be achieved by scaling up
routine IEC campaign launched to bring in
interventions to increase awareness, bring
greater awareness about the intervention
about community ownership leading to
available in the community and also to de-
adoption of safe behaviour. This would be
stigmatize the community.
through effective communication,
All the service providers are branded as ‘Mee
community mobilization, advocacy and
Nestam’ with badges and all the new
sensitization. Partnerships with not-for-
initiatives of APSACS like the Mobile
profits and NGOs will also be a crucial
ICTCs, IEC programs were branded as Mee
component of the program.
Nestam giving all the activities of APSACS a
generic and unified spirit. The campaign thus
Information Education and
strategically helped in establishing linkages
Communication (IEC):
between various services of APSACS.
APSACS has taken up intensive campaigns An interactive tele-in program is started on
like AASHA and Be Bold in the past which Rainbow FM channel called ‘Mee Nestam’
were aimed creating 100% awareness on on every Thursday broadcast from 6.00 p.m.
HIV/AIDS and encourage people to access on HIV/AIDS. This program is scaled up and
the services provided for HIV/AIDS now on AIR across the state. Similar
counseling, testing, care, support and programs are aired through private FM

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 139

Channels – Radio Mirchi and Big FM
focusing on youth and adolescents.
“AASHAVANI” a bi-monthly news
magazine is published highlighting the
activities of APSACS which disseminates
information to all the stakeholders in the
state. Aiming to reach the un-reached
populations, four ‘Mee Nestam’ mobile
Information, Education and Communication
Vans were started to create awareness among
tribal populations and remote areas.
Adolescence Education Program on
HIV/AIDS in schools and colleges for
students of 9th class and above was held
successfully covering all the schools and
40% of colleges.
Integrated Counseling and Testing
Centres (ICTCs): To encourage voluntary
counseling and testing to know their status,
so that services to stop further infections can
be stepped up, 677 ICTCs, 8 mobile ICTCs,
80 Facility Integrated ICTC in 24 hour
PHC’s, 80 Private sector health facilities
under PPP which offer ICTCandPPTCT
services have been established. Efforts are
being made to increase the number of mobile
ICTCs, Facility Integrated ICTCs and ICTCs
under Public Private Partnership. All these
ICTCs are supported with counselors, lab
technicians, test kits and consumables etc. Of
the 677 ICTCs, 266 located in PHCs and
CHC level are managed by Nurse
Practitioners who provide counseling, testing
and conduct deliveries for HIV+ve women.
The remaining ICTCs are manned by
counselors and LTs.
Blood Safety: To ensure the availability of
safe blood, voluntary blood collection has
also increased to 2,15,000 units during 2009-
10(April to November 09) which is 71% of
the total blood collection in the state during
this year. 208 licensed blood banks are
working in the state where steps are taken to
provide tested safe blood for HIV. 66 Blood
Storage centres were also started and 25
Blood banks are provided with Blood
Component Separation units.
Early STI (Sexually Transmitted
Infection) Detection and Treatment: There
are 85 STD clinics functioning at present in
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
the state. 100 more STD clinics are started
during the year 2008-09. Counselors are
placed in the Govt. STD Clinics in the state.
Color Coded Drugs were introduced for
Syndromic Case Management of STD cases
in the state.
Antiretroviral Treatment: More than
60,000 AIDS patients are being provided
with the Anti Retroviral Therapy medicines
free of cost in 31 ART Centres in the state. In
addition to 14 link ART Centres, it is
proposed to start 26 more Link ART Centres
to increase the access to ART medicines in
rural areas to AIDS patients. 2nd line of ART
medicines are also started on a pilot basis in
Hyderabad for the first time in the state.
Care and Support Centres: The number of
community care centres to provide treatment
to People Living with HIV/AIDS has been
increased to 95 and more than 60,000
patients have accessed the services during the
year 2009-10 so far.
PLHA (People Living with HIV/AIDS)
Network: Under Greater Involvement of
People Living with HIV/AIDS, a new wave
has been created in the state to involve more
PLHAs to participate in all HIV/AIDS
initiatives in the State. So far, around 80,000
PLHAs have been motivated to become
members of this network to work towards
reducing stigma and discrimination.
Mainstreaming: Under mainstreaming
efforts, a new program called “Abhaya” has
been started in association with Andhra
Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation to
provide HIV/AIDS prevention, testing and
treatment services to the RTC employees and
their families. Similarly, “Raksha”
programme was started in Prisons with HIV
testing centres in 7 Prison Hospitals and 25
counselors in prisons. During 2009-10, more
than 40,000 persons were reached with
messages and 120 Prisoners have been
identified with HIV infection so far. To train
60,000 Anganwadi Workers on HIV/AIDS
and engage them in the prevention of mother
to child transmission, ‘Jagruti’ programme
has been started in association with Women
and Child Development Department.
140
 District Project Management: Under a new
initiative, “District AIDS Prevention Control
Units” (DAPCUs) were established in all the
districts for convergence with NRHM and
decentralizing the programme
implementation and all the posts in DAPCUs
were filled as sanctioned by the Govt.
Identity cards and Pensions to People
Living with HIV/AIDS:
“SAHARA” Identity cards for the patients
receiving the Anti Retroviral Therapy (ART)
medicines are provided, which would help
them to access the benefits provided by the
Govt. like concessions for travel, priority in
housing schemes and pensions etc., without
any stigma or discrimination. More than
24,000 persons receiving the ART medicines
are issued with the SAHARA Identity cards
so far.
Pensions to the AIDS patients receiving
ART have been announced by the
Government @ Rs.200/- per month for
Below Poverty Line families along with
Health Insurance Cards/White Ration Cards
on par with other social welfare pensions.
It is envisioned that, by the end of the year
2010, there will be increased access to
voluntary HIV testing, STD treatment,
condom usage, treatment for opportunistic
infections and availability of ART medicines,
besides reduction of stigma and
discrimination.
***
WOMEN DEVELOPMENT AND
CHILD WELFARE
8.11 The activities of Women Development and
Child Welfare Department can be broadly
classified into three Categories.
• Management of the Institutions for the
welfare of Women and Children in need.
• Implementation of the ICDS Programme
universalized throughout the state with
385 ICDS Projects covering all Mandals.
• To take care of the Social, Legal and
Empowerment issues relating to Women
and Children.
In each erstwhile Block, one ICDS Project is
functioning, headed by CDPO. The CDPO is
in-charge of implementation of all ICDS
Services, Social and Empowerment issues
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
Women and Children in 3 to 4 Mandals in
the Project area assisted by 5 to 8
Supervisors depending on number of AWCs
sanctioned in the Project. At each Village
one or more AWCs are functioning.
Programmes and Schemes:
Institutions:
The Department is running 93 Institutions for
Children and 35 Institutions for Women to
cater to the needs of Children and Women in
difficult circumstances.
Women Institutions:
Service Homes:
Five Service Homes are functioning in the
state at Kannapuram (West Godavari District),
Nellore, Anantapur, Warangal and Hyderabad.
At present, there are 354 inmates as against
the sanctioned strength of 730. These Homes
are meant for rehabilitation of socially and
economically deprived categories of Women
in the age group of 18-35 years. The inmates
are provided necessary training for skill
upgradation in various trades and condensed
courses for appearing in 7th and 10th Class.
Food, shelter, clothing and medical care is
provided in the Home.
State Homes:
Four State Homes are functioning in the state
at Srikakulam, Rajahmundry, Mahabubnagar
and Hyderabad with 152 inmates as against
the sanctioned strength of 375. These Homes
are meant for Women discharged from
correctional Institutions and Women who are
unable to protect themselves. Food, shelter
and clothing are provided besides imparting
training in various trades for self-
employment, wage employment / job
employment.
Rescue Home:
One Rescue Home is functioning in
Hyderabad with 24 inmates as against the
sanctioned strength of 30. Women who are
rescued by the Police and are facing trial in
the court are given shelter during the trial
period. They are provided shelter, food,
clothing, medical and training in skill
development.
Homes for Aged:
There are two Homes functioning in the State
at Hyderabad and Chittoor with 51 inmates at
141
present, against the sanctioned strength of
60(30 each). These Homes provide peaceful
and comfortable living for the Old destitute
Women of above 60 years of age with food,
shelter and clothing.
Homes for Collegiate Girls:
There are 6 Homes functioning in the State at
Vizianagaram, Tanuku, Guntur, Tirupati,
Warangal and Hyderabad with 228 inmates at
present, as against the sanctioned strength of
250. Inmates of Children Homes who passed
10th Class and in 15-25 years age group are
admitted in these Homes to pursue higher
studies and they are allowed to stay for a
maximum period of 5 years.
Working Women's Hostels:
16 Hostels are functioning in the State with
977 inmates at present, as against the
sanctioned strength of 890. These Hostels
provide food, shelter and security to the
Middle Class working Women. Those who
earn monthly income of less than Rs.5,000/-
are eligible for admission in Class ‘A’ cities
and Rs.4,500/- are eligible for admission in
other cities and towns. The inmates
contribute mess charges and other
administrative expenditure i.e., water and
electricity.
Smt. Durgabai Women's Technical
Training Institute:
The institute is located at Ameerpet,
Hyderabad. The institute provides Diploma
courses in Civil, Architecture, Computer and
Electronics, instrumentation courses. The
students are selected by the Director of
Technical Education through the Common
Entrance Test. Sanctioned strength in Civil
and Architecture Courses is 60 each and in
Computer and Electronics and
Instrumentation Courses is 40 each.
Children Institutions:
Children Homes:
There are 81 Children Homes functioning in
the State. The sanctioned strength of each
Home is 60. As against the total sanctioned
strength of 5,330, there are 5,054 children
admitted.
For overall improvement of Children’s
knowledge, certain innovative schemes were
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
introduced in Children Homes viz.,
Computer Training / Sports Yoga / special
coaching for 6th to 10th Classes/ Bul Buls and
guides, training in creative arts etc.
Up to 2007-08, the Diet charges are provided
to child @ of Rs.338/- per month upto 7th
class and @ Rs.412/- per month per boarder
from 8th to 10th class. The Diet charges have
been enhanced on par with Social Welfare
Department in June, 2008 @ Rs.475/- per
child upto 7th class and @ Rs.535/- per month
per child for students from 8th to 10th class.
Sishuvihar/Sisugruhas: In the
Sishuvihars and Sisugruhas, abandoned
infants and orphans below six years of age
are admitted. The Children of Sishuvihar are
being given for legal adoption to Childless
couples. There are two Sishuvihars in the
State. One at Hyderabad and the other at
Chittoor. The sanctioned strength of each
Sishuvihar is 30. The Sishuvihar, Hyderabad
is accommodating more than 150 Children at
a time irrespective of sanctioned strength.
The present strength in Sisuvihar Chittoor is
15. During 2009(upto Nov.), 217 Children
are given for adoption for Childless couple.
The Department of Women and Child
Development, Government of India have
formulated schemes for the development of
Women and Children for improving their
overall quality of life. The schemes are
implemented through NGO’s, Corporations
etc. The details of schemes, for which
financial assistance is given by Women and
Child Welfare Department, Government of
India are:
Short Stay Homes for Women and Girls:
The Home provides counseling and
guidance, medical and psychiatric check-up
and treatment, development of skills and
rehabilitation to women and girls in moral
danger, family discord, emotional
disturbances etc. The total Short Stay Homes
in the state are 40.The sanctioned strength of
each Home is 30.
Swadhar Shelter Homes for Women in
difficult circumstances:
142
 The Scheme for Women in difficult The A.P. Foods (Govt. under taking)
circumstances aims at covering primary prepares and distributes the food in 222
needs of shelter, food, clothing, care besides ICDS Projects.
emotional support, counseling and a package The Modified Therapeutic Food is being
for rehabilitation and reintegration supplied to the age group of 6 months to 3
specifically for the women and girls rescued years children. Modified Therapeutic Food
from trafficking. containing Roasted Wheat Flour, Sugar, Full
The Home strength is ranging from 50 - 200 Fat Soya Flour, Vanaspathi and Fortified
beneficiaries. 32 Swadhar Shelter Homes are with Vitamins, Minerals. 110 grams of food
sanctioned. Out of that, 31 Homes are run by is being given to children as Take Home
NGO’S and 1 Home is under the control of Ration and it contains 490 K.Cal and 14
Women Development and Child Welfare, grams of protein and Double ration is being
Hyderabad. provided to malnourished children.
Integrated Child Development Services
Hot Cooked Food:
The ICDS Scheme is a centrally sponsored Instant hot food mixes i.e., Upma mix, Halwa
scheme and is the single largest integrated Mix and Kichidi Mix is being provided to the
programme of child development. It was ICDS beneficiaries to the age group of 3 to 6
started in 1975-76 in 2 Blocks of the State on years children and Pregnant and Lactating
a pilot basis. The concept of Universalisation mothers.
of ICDS with quality and the revised norms
of AWCS / ICDS in April, 2007 increased Local Food Model:
the spread of ICDS. The details are shown in Local Food Model is implemented in 159
Table 8.17. ICDS Projects with a view to enhance the
Table 8.17
Services provided by ICDS Scheme
ICDS Projects
• Supplementary Nutrition to 6 months to 6 Total No.
years aged children, Pregnant and Perio of Urban Rural Tribal Mini
Lactating Mothers. d Projects AWC
/ AWCs
• Immunization to Children and Women. Projects
• Health check-ups to Children and Up to 363 34 300 29
Women. 2005
• Referral services to Children and AWCs
66,101 5,798 55,765 4,538 4,211
Women. Projects
• Nutrition and Health Education to By 385 56 300 29
Mothers and Adolescent Girls. 2008 AWCs
• Non-formal Pre-School Education to 3-6 73,944 7,021 61,880 5,043 6,479
years Children. Source: Women Development and Child Welfare
me: Dept.
Supplementary Nutrition Programme is being community ownership of the SNP and also to
implemented in 385 ICDS Projects covering improve the quality and acceptability of SNP
73,944 Anganwadi Centers. At present the by the beneficiaries. Hot Pongal, Broken
coverage of beneficiaries under SNP Wheat Kichidi, and Snack Food with
component is 76 (average by saturation) for required calories of Protein are provided.
1,000 population. Government of A.P. have Community Managed SNP:
accorded permission to incur the expenditure The Community Managed SNP has been
on SNP under ICDS Scheme as per GOI started to enhance the target community
revised norms. ownership of the SNP component of
ICDS in collaboration of CARE A.P. in 4
Modified Therapeutic Food: ICDS Projects in 2002 i.e., Siricilla,
Vemulawada, Kunavaram and Tirupati.

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 143

Mothers committees prepare food and supply
to the A.W Centers. They are supplying
Jowar Mix containing Jowar, Groundnuts,
Roasted Chenna and Sugar.
Nutrition Progamme for Adolescent Girls
Under National Nutrition Mission, assistance
is provided to nutritionally backward
districts. The programme is being
implemented in two districts of Adilabad and
Mahabubnagar in the State. Selection of
beneficiaries will be done in grama -Sabhas
on the basis of weight monitoring on
quarterly basis.
Each undernourished Adolescent Girl below
35 Kgs weight would be provided 6 kgs rice
per month. If any beneficiary crosses the
cutoff point, they will be out of this
programme.
The beneficiaries covered under the scheme
for the year 2008-09 is 2,20,843 in Adilabad
and 2,32,716 in Mahabubnagar district.
Early Childhood Care and
Education (ECCE):
The main objective of this
programme is to cater to the needs of
the development of children in the
age group of 3-6 years. Pre-school
education aims at ensuring holistic
development of the children and to
provide learning environment to
children which is conducive for
promotion of social, emotional,
cognitive and aesthetic development
of the child.
The Pre-school activities strengthen
the child to get ready for primary
school education with required skills
to performance better candidate for
school entry and also better
performance for regular attendance in
school. It aims at improving school
enrolment and school retention in
rural areas, relieve the older sibling
mostly girls from the burden of child
care and enable her to attend school
and to prepare the children to adjust
to formal school going.
The Pre-school material like story
cards, charts, indoor and outdoor play
material, color concept, puzzles,
school readiness kit, Activity kits etc
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
are supplied to all the Anganwadi
Centres every year at a cost of Rs.600
per AWC as per GOI norms.
To make pre-school more effective
orientation training programmes are
conducted and trained all 2,200
Supervisors, 400 CDPOs, 23 PDs and
6 RDDs on implementation of
curriculum at AWCs. Arranged demo
classes and involved 60 AWTCs and
4 MLTCs Instructors to make the
orientation session more effective.
20.10 lakh Children are attending
Pre-school Education activities in
Anganwadi Centres.
Objectives of the Scheme:-
• To eliminate prejudice against the girl
child through direct investment from the
Government.
• To encourage enrolment of the girl child
in school and to ensure her education at
least up to the Intermediate level.
• To encourage girls to get married only
after the age of 18 years (which is the
prescribed statutory limit).
• To reduce school drop out rate among the
girls.
• To encourage parents to adopt family
planning norms with two girl children.
• To provide social and financial
empowerment to the girl child.
• Eliminate all forms of discrimination
against the girl child.
• Eliminate negative cultural attitudes and
practices against girls.
• Promote and protect the rights of the girl
child and increase awareness of her needs
and potential.
• Eliminate discrimination against girls in
education and provide skill development
and training.
• Eliminate discrimination against girls in
health and nutrition.
• Strengthen the role of the family in
improving the status of the girl child.
Salient Features:
1. Families having undergone Family
Planning operation with annual
144
 income below Rs.20,000/- per annum for
Rural areas and Rs.24,000/- per annum
for Urban areas and having single girl
child from 0-3 years of age will be
given first priority. Among these
categories, preference shall be given to
the victims of atrocities of trafficking and
prostitution.
2. Second priority will be for families
having two-girl children out of which
the age of the second girl child should not
be more than 3 years.
3. The age of the child on the date of
application shall be the criterion
for determining the eligibility of the child
for the benefit under the Scheme.
a) In case of single girl child she is
entitled to receive Rs.1.00 lakh after
completion of 20 years of age.
b) In case of two girl children, both of
them are entitled to receive Rs.30,000/-
each after completion of 20 years of
age.
4. The girl child is entitled to receive
Rs.1200/- per annum as scholarship from
9th to 12th class as a benefit under the
scheme.
5. Risk coverage for life insurance of the girl
child will commence from the age of 3
years.
Special Dispensation for Orphans and
Destitutes:
1. ‘Orphan’ defines a girl child not having
both parents. Destitute will mean girl
child from a BPL Family not having
either of the parents or trafficked girls
etc., forsaken by their family/parents.
2. All such destitutes or orphans who have
not crossed 18 years as on May 2008 will
be eligible for the benefits under Girl
Child Protection Scheme. The benefit of
“Jana Shree Bhima Yojana” and “Shiksha
Sahyog Yojana” as per eligibility will be
applicable as per guidelines of existing
Girl Child Protection Scheme.
3. The condition of formal education will be
relaxed in respect of orphans, destitutes
and differently abled girls, who are born
before May, 2005. Those girls who do
not pursue education beyond 8th class will
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
naturally not be eligible for education
scholarships.
4. Therefore, all destitutes orphans and
differently abled girls born after May
2005 shall also necessarily be enrolled in
a school and continue up to, XII class to
be eligible for the benefit under GCPS.
These shall apply to all girl children
including Orphans, destitute and Disabled
girls. In case of abandoned orphan children,
the head of the institutions based on a
medical certificate shall ensure the birth
registration is completed. In case the caste is
unknown, the caste of all such children shall
be recorded as “Casteless”.
Special Dispensation for Disabled Girls
1. Differently abled girls will include
mentally challenged girls as per the
criteria of disability as prescribed by the
Government from time to time.
2. All such disabled girls who have not
crossed 18 years of age as on MAY, 2008
will be eligible for the benefits under
GCPS. The benefit of “Jana Sree Bhima
Yojana” and “Siksha Sahyog Yojana”
Scheme as per eligibility will be
applicable as per guidelines of existing
GCPS.
3. The condition of formal education is
relaxable in respect of Disabled girls,
who are born before May 2005. Those
girls who do not pursue education beyond
8th class will naturally not be eligible for
Education Scholarships.
4. Therefore, all differently abled born
after May 2005 shall necessarily have to
be enrolled in a school and continued
upto XII class to be eligible for the
benefit under GCPS.
Relaxation of Education, Income and Girl
Sibling Conditions For Severely Disabled
Girls:
1. Those who pursue education after 8th
class will be eligible for the scholarships
under Shiksha Sahyog Yojana as
prescribed under Girl Child Protection
Scheme.
2. Those girls whose disability is more than
80% shall accordingly be eligible for the
145
 benefits under Girl Child Protection • 2 Counsellors, 2 Home-Guards and One
Scheme provided the income of their DEO Sanctioned for each district.
Parents / Guardian from all sources does Initiatives Under Anti-Trafficking
not exceed Rs.1.00 lakh per annum. This • 34 Swadhar Homes are sanctioned by
is a special dispensation only to severely GOI to ensure rehabilitation of
differently abled girls. VOCSETs (Victims of Commercial
3. In respect of severely Disabled Girls Sexual Exploitation and Trafficking )
(more than 80% disability) the condition • 842 VOCSETs are provided vocational
of the Girl Child being either single or trainings in various trades along with job
two girls alone shall not apply. A Girl placements, 799 VOCSETs are reunited
with one or two male siblings will also be with their families and 84 VOCSETs are
eligible for the benefit of Girl Child re-married and mainstreamed to society.
Protection Scheme. • 35,012 Balika Mandals have been formed
4. Separate guidelines issued on the mode of to create awareness on Anti-Trafficking
payments of maturity amount of issues and 31,465 Community Vigilant
Rs.30,000/- / Rs.1.00 lakh to the girls Groups have been formed to prevent
/girls child as case may be, on attaining trafficking of women and children at
the age of 20 by the Government in village level.
consultation with CEO, IKP (Self help
groups) etc., Construction of AWC Buildings
• 14,668 AWC Buildings are so far
These relaxation / special dispensation may constructed with State funds in the last 10
be extended to orphans / destitutes differently years (20% of the total AWCs) with
abled girls as specified supra, subject to all World Bank Assistance and 15% General
other conditions being continued at present. Funds of Zilla Parishads.
Additional conditions for eligibility under • 1,976 AWC Buildings are sanctioned
GCPS for all girls w.e.f., June 2008. with an outlay of Rs.56.32 Crores under
1. All girl children born after June, 2008 NABARD during 2007-2008.
shall have to register their Birth under • 2,500 AWC Buildings sanctioned with an
RBD (Registration of Birth and Death), outlay Rs.100.00 Crores during 2009-
Act. 2010.
2. All girl children born after June, 2008 • 4,530 Buildings are sanctioned under
should complete the immunization as Backward Region grant fund with an
per schedule. outlay of Rs.129.00 Crores during 2007-
Details of Girl Child Protection Scheme are 2008. The work is in progress.
shown in Table 8.18.
Table 8.18
Domestic Violence Act 2005 and Rules Girl Child Protection Scheme
2006 (Central Act No.43 of 2005) No. of Beneficiaries under GCPS
Initiatives by the Andhra Pradesh
Year Single Girl Two Girl Total
Government:
The Protection of Women from Domestic 2005-06 5217 36838 42055
Violence, Act – 2005 and Rules 2006 has 2006-07 7421 78506 85927
come into effect from 25th October, 2006.
2007-08 7205 89283 96488
• 104 Protection Officers Appointed.
2008-09 2484 28610 31094
• 77 Shelter Homes identified. 2009-
• 72 Service Providers Registered. 10(upto 3799 43793 47592
• 4,117 Cases Booked and DIRs Filed. 11/09)
• 410 Interim Orders and 813 Final Orders Total 26126 277030 303156
Pronounced. Source: Women Development and Child Welfare
Department.

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 146

• 81 Model Anganwadi Buildings are taken
up by the Department during 2009-2010.
Initiatives:
To reach Millennium Development Goals, a
State Plan of Action for children “Ensuring
child well – being 2007 – 2010 is prepared.
The objectives set for reducing the IMR,
CMR and MMR are:
1. Universalisation of Integrated Child
Development Services through out the
state.
2. Ensure 100% Cholostrum feeding within
1 hr.
3. Ensure 100% awareness on best infant
and young child feeding practices.
4. Ensure management of neonatal and
childhood illnesses.
5. Universalizing Immunization to all
children < 2 yrs.
6. Improving the nutrition status of pregnant
and nursing mothers and young girls.
7. Improving the standards of Growth
Monitoring according to new WHO
growth standards.
Strategy
1. ICDS Services taken up through
Campaign Mode to reach the un reached
and Vulnerable communities (Nov. 08 to
Dec.09).
2. Intensive training on Infant and Young
Child feeding Practices and early
childhood education and creating
awareness to family members.
3. Attempts to improve monitoring and
accountability through accreditation and
technical support.
Pre-School Education
 A.P. is the only State to have
developed and launched an activity based
Pre-school curriculum to promote holistic
development in children.
 Organized (4) days refresher
training in AWTCs and MLTCs for AWW,
AWH and Supervisors totalling to 84,137
during 2008 - 2009 and upto October,
2009.
 Pre-school kit containing
Kanjeera (Daphli), Story Books,
Conversational Charts, Sequential Cards,
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
Indoor Games – one Fish Pond and Fishes
(3 Sets of Fishes for Alphabets in Local
Language i.e., Telugu, English and
numbers from 1-10) and second flash
cards on Alphabets and numbers are
supplied to all AWCs
 Imparted Master Trainers
Training to 132 functionaries i.e.,
Supervisors, AWWs and Instructors of
Training Centers for 16 days through
‘SODHANA’ – Charitable Trust,
Vizianagaram during 2008-2009.
 Introduced award of Pre-school
Certificates to all children with effect from
2009.
 Proposal to appoint local tribal
girls as Supervisors providing 1 year
diploma training in home science college is
under active consideration
 Proposal to introduce to self
Appraisal and accreditation of AWCs and
Sectors is under finalization for being
introduced as a pilot project
Monitoring System
1. Five Protocols developed to
improve delivery of services:
• Fixed Nutrition and Health Day.
• Prioritized home visits.
• Supportive supervisory visit.
• Structured sector meeting.
• Commodity supply chain
management.
2. Grading Anganwadi Centers basing on
their capabilities and thereby identify
their training needs.
3. For immediate access to information and
analysis of data GMIS Monitoring is
introduced in Hyderabad District and
proposed to scale up to 4 districts.
***
DISABLED WELFARE
8.12 As per the ‘Persons with Disability
(equal opportunities, protection of rights and
full participation) Act, 1995’, disability
means - the persons with blindness, low
vision, leprosy cured, hearing impairment,
locomotor disability, mental retardation and
mental illness. As per 2001 Census, the
147
disabled population in Andhra Pradesh is
13,64,991.
An independent Corporation in 1981 and a
separate department in the year 1983 were
established to look after the welfare of
disabled in the state. The department is
working towards implementation of Persons
with Disabilities Act, 1995 and National
Trust Act, 1999 and ensures multi-sectoral
coordination with various Government
departments for Prevention, Early
identification and detection, Education,
Employment, Rehabilitation, Mainstreaming,
Networking and monitoring of Government
of India grant-in-aid projects of NGOs.
Category wise Disabled Population in
Andhra Pradesh is as shown in Table 8.19.
Table 8.19
Category wise Disabled Population (2001 Census)
Category Population Percentage
(Nos.Lakhs)
Visually Impaired 5.82 42.60
Mentally Retarded 1.55 11.37
Orthopaedically 4.16 30.47
Impaired
Speech Impaired 1.39 10.18
Hearing Impaired 0.73 5.38
Total 13.65 100.00
Source:-Disabled Welfare Department
Achievements
 Government have enhanced the Diet
charges to the inmates and boarders
staying in hostels, homes, residential
schools and attached hostels of training-
cum-production centre for disabled
persons from Rs.338/- p.m. to Rs.473/-
p.m. for boarders up to 7th class and from
Rs.412/- p.m. to Rs.535/- p.m. for
boarders from 8th to Intermediate from
the academic year, 2008-09.
 The cosmetic charges given to hostel
boarders are also increased from Rs.20/-
to Rs.50/- for boys/men and from Rs.25/-
to Rs.75/- for girls/women. The stitching
charges are increased from Rs.20/- per
pair to Rs.40/- per pair. Hair cut charges
are increased from Rs.5/- to Rs.12/-.
 The number of uniforms supplied is
increased from 2 to 4 pairs per annum per
boarder from the year 2008-09. The
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
amount for supply of one set of bedding
material is increased from Rs.120/- p.a. to
Rs.300/- p.a. Additional toilets and
bathrooms are provided in Hostels.
 Enhanced the amount of marriage
incentive award from Rs.3,000 to
Rs.10,000 for the marriages between
differently abled persons and normal
persons.
 Extended the benefits like pensions,
scholarships, IAY houses, economic
support schemes etc., to the disabled
persons.
 Direct loans are being sanctioned to
severely challenged students studying
post graduate and professional courses to
purchase motorized vehicles,
sophisticated prosthetic aids etc.
 Enhanced the Post-matric scholarships,
re-imbursement of tuition fees and
special fees to disabled students on par
with scheduled castes students from the
year 2008-09.
 Enhanced the annual income ceiling of
the parents from Rs.12,000 to
Rs.1,00,000 for the educational schemes
implemented by the department.
 Laptops are being provided to visually
challenged students which will be an
assistive device for promoting access to
quality education and enhancing their
professional skills.
Programmes Implemented:
Education
• Maintenance of 40 hostels and 3
homes with a sanctioned strength of
4215.
• 11 Residential Schools (6 for Hearing
Impaired and 5 for Visually Impaired)
with a sanctioned strength of 1850.
• 2 Residential Junior Colleges, one for
hearing impaired and another for visually
impaired with a sanctioned strength of 60
each.
• 7 KGBV schools for disabled girls.
• A training Centre to train the teachers
of visually impaired persons is
established and functioning in
Hyderabad.
148
 • Tuition fee reimbursement to the
students studying Post metric courses.
• Sanction of 2,852 pre-matric
scholarships and 399 post-matric
scholarships to the students up to Dec,09.
• Sanction of 700 scholarships to
Mentally Retarted Students up to Dec,09
as against the annual target of 2055.
Social Security
• Sanctioned subsidy @ Rs.3000/-
each to 1,695 disabled persons under
economic rehabilitation scheme up to
Dec,09 as against the annual target of
6600 beneficiaries.
• Sanctioned Incentive Awards for
marriages between disabled and normal
persons for 295 persons @ Rs.10,000/-
• Sanction of Petrol subsidy to the
disabled persons who are having
motorized vehicles.
A.P.Vikalangula Cooperative Corporation
The Corporation has taken up the following
rehabilitation programmes.
1. Supply of Prosthetic Aids and Mobility
Aids.
2. Supply of educational aids to individuals
and institutions.
3. Facilities to impart training in various
technical and non-technical trades.
4. Organizing employment generation
production units with assured market for
products.
5. Creating awareness among parents for
early detection and stipulation and
treatment of various disabilities.
The following schemes are being
implemented by the A.P.Vikalangula
Cooperative Corporation.
Rehabilitation and supply of Prosthetic
aids:
The A.P.Vikalangula Cooperative
Corporation is supplying aids and appliances
like tricycles, wheel chairs, calipers,
crutches, artificial limbs etc. to the needy
disabled persons.
Sound Library:
Tape Recorders and cassettes with lessons
recorded for intermediate and above classes
are supplied to visually disabled students to
pursue their studies.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
Braille Press:
The Corporation prints and supplies the
braille books to school going visually
disabled students from 1st Class to 10th Class.
Training:
Imparting training to disabled persons in
I.T.I. and Non-I.T.I. trades in the Training-
cum-Production Centers (TCPCs) established
in 11 districts in the State.
***
BACKWARD CLASSES WELFARE
8.13 Backward Classes population falls under
135 communities pursuing traditional
activities such as cattle and sheep rearing,
toddy tapping, earth works, fishing, weaving,
goldsmith, blacksmith, brass smith,
carpentry, stone carving, laundry, pottery, oil
pressing, basketry, hair dressing, tailoring
and dyeing etc.
Hostels: Hostels have been opened for
providing free boarding and lodging to
enable B.C. students to pursue their Pre-
Matric studies. Rs.475/- per month for III to
VII class boarders, and Rs.535/- per month
for VIII to X class boarders is being paid
towards diet charges per boarder, besides
cosmetics at the rate of Rs.50/- per month for
boys and Rs.55/- per month for girls up to
class VII and Rs.75/- per month for Girls
from class VIII to X class. Boarders are also
supplied Note Books and four pairs of
dresses every year. At present, there are
1,422 Govt. B.C. hostels (1,102 hostels for
boys and 320 hostels for girls) including 14
hostels for De-notified and Nomadic Tribes.
A total strength of 1,73,086 boarders were
admitted in the B.C. hostels during 2008-09
and 1,78,969 have been admitted during
2009-10. All these hostels have a
combination of 76% Backward Classes, 10%
Scheduled Castes, 5% Scheduled Tribes, 3%
Minorities and 6% other castes for the
purpose of Social Integration. Out of 1,422
hostels, 802 hostels are located in
Government buildings. Out of the remaining
hostels, 135 buildings are under construction
under Matching Grant Programme and under
Centrally Sponsored Scheme to provide a
clean and healthy atmosphere to the boarders
149
of hostels. Still, 485 buildings are to be and 4,16,673 students were sanctioned during
constructed. 2009-10 upto December 2009. Similarly,
Results of X Class Students in B.C. Welfare 10,03,118 students have been sanctioned
Hostels is shown in the Table 8.20. Reimbursement of Tuition Fee during the
Table 8.20 year 2008-09 and 1,67,591 students were
Results of X Class Students sanctioned Reimbursement of Tuition Fee
in B.C. Welfare Hostels
during the year 2009-10 upto December
Year Results in Hostels State Average
(%) (%) 2009.
2005 77.67 72.41 College Girls Hostels
2006 77.75 73.16 To encourage the BC Girls to pursue higher
2007 78.36 71.65 education, 300 new BC college girls hostels
2008 83.32 75.47 are opened @ one in each Assembly
2009 85.46 78.83 constituency in the State with a sanctioned
Source: Backward Classes Welfare Department
strength of 100 boarders per hostel during the
Residential Schools: 44 B.C. Residential
year 2008-09.
Schools (28 for Boys and 16 for Girls) with a
Out of 323 (23 BC Girls Hostels were
total strength of 14,792 students are
permitted to be converted as College Girls
functioning in the state. Results of X Class
Hostels during the year 2005-06, but only 15
Students in Residential Schools is shown in
were converted and 300 newly sanctioned
the Table 8.21.
College Girls Hostels during 2008-09), 265
Table 8.21
Results of X Class Students hostels have been started upto December
in B.C. Welfare Residential Schools 2009 with an admitted strength of 11,137.
Year Results in Res. State Average
Schools (%) (%)
AP Study Circles for BCs
2005 98.93 72.41 There are 8 BC Study Circles functioning in
2006 99.60 73.16 the State to provide free coaching facilities to
2007 99.54 71.65 eligible BC unemployed graduates and Post
2008 99.24 75.47 graduates, who are appearing for various
2009 99.60 78.83 competitive examinations like Civil Services,
Source:Backward Classes Welfare Department
State Group-I, Group-II and other
examinations and also Government have
Post-Matric Scholarships and sanctioned 7 new study circles. From the
Reimbursement of Tuition Fee year 2007-08, new courses in the BPO sector
Post Matric Scholarships and Reimbursement have been started in the AP Study Circles.
of Tuition fee and Spl. Fee to all eligible BC Training in medical transcription and
Students are sanctioned on par with Social Computer animation skills have been started
Welfare Dept., for category “A” students in Hyderabad, Visakhapatnam and Anantapur
from the year 2008-09. The income limit of Study circles for 60 students in each course
Parents/Guardians of BC Students for getting and also industrial automation course has
scholarships and other educational benefits been started for B.E., B.Tech., and Diploma
has been revised. The present ceiling of holders at Hyderabad. 4,886 students have
Rs.33,500/- per annum for getting been benefited during the year 2008-09 and
scholarships in non professional courses and 2892 students were benefited during the year
the ceiling of Rs.44,500/- per annum for 2009-10 upto December 2009. It is also
obtaining scholarships in Professional proposed to give training in GATE and CAT
courses has been enhanced to Rs.1,00,000/- for BC Engineering students to obtain better
per annum for both professional and non grades.
professional courses. Further, the scholarship
rates have been enhanced on par with Social A.P.Backward Classes Cooperative
Welfare and Tribal Welfare Departments. Finance Corporation
9,77,536 students were sanctioned Post The A.P.Backward Classes Cooperative
Matric Scholarships during the year 2008-09 Finance Corporation Ltd., Hyderabad was

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 150

established in the year 1974 for the economic
upliftment of the Backward Classes in the
state. The Corporation is implementing the
following schemes.
1. Margin Money
2. Rajiv Abhyudaya Yojana
Margin Money (2009-10):
Margin Money Programme is aimed at
providing financial assistance to the B.C.
beneficiaries in the activities under
Agriculture and Allied Sectors, Small
Business and Industry, Service and Transport
Sectors. The scheme was implemented upto
the year 2007-08 with 20% Margin Money
from Corporation, 70% Bank Loan and 10%
Beneficiary Contribution.
From the year 2008-09 onwards, the funding
pattern of the scheme has been revised with
subsidy component from Corporation. The
funding pattern of the restructured scheme is
as follows.
1. Subsidy of 50% unit cost not exceeding
Rs.30,000/- per beneficiary.
2. 10% of the unit cost as beneficiary
contribution.
3. 40% or balance unit cost as Bank Loan.
4. The benefit of the scheme of “Pavala
Vaddi” as applicable to the Women Self
Help Groups shall be extended to the
bank loan component of the units
grounded under this scheme.
During the year 2009-10 (upto November,
2009), 1953 units have been sanctioned
covering 2249 beneficiaries with financial
assistance of Rs.231.39 lakhs.
Rajiv Abhyudaya Yojana (2009-10):
Rajiv Abhyudaya Yojana scheme launched
during the year 2005-06 is aimed at
providing financial assistance to the
B.C.Artisans/ B.C.Occupational Groups in
urban areas. The scheme is being
implemented for a period of five years from
2005-06 to 2009-10.
The scheme was implemented upto 2007-08
with the funding pattern of 20% as Term
Loan by the Corporation, 70% by the
Commercial Banks and 10% as Beneficiary
Contribution.
During the year 2009-10 (upto November,
2009), 2,653 units have been sanctioned
covering 4,069 beneficiaries with financial
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
assistance of Rs.432.15 lakhs as against
budget allocation of Rs.500.00 lakhs.
Andhra Pradesh Washermen Co-Op.
Societies Federation
The A.P. Washermen Co-op. Societies
Federation Ltd., Hyderabad was established
in the year 1982 for the economic upliftment
of Washermen in the State. The Federation
implements the following schemes:
1. Construction of Dhobighats,
2. Financial Assistance Scheme.
Construction of Dhobighats:
The unit cost of each Dhobighat is enhanced
from Rs.1.25 lakhs to Rs.2.00 lakhs in the
year 2008-09. 90% of the cost is sanctioned
as subsidy by the Federation and the
remaining 10% is contributed by the
beneficiaries. In case, the cost exceeds
Rs.2.00 lakhs the balance needs to be borne
by the respective local body.
Govt. have provided an amount of
Rs.2057.50 lakhs for construction of
Dhobighats, since the formation of the
Federation i.e., 1982. About 2,970
Dhobighats have been taken up for
construction with an amount of Rs.2046.67
lakhs. So far, 2,560 Dhobighats have been
completed and the work in 412 Dhobighats
are in progress.
During 2009-10, an amount of Rs.50.00
lakhs is allocated for taking up 25 new
Dhobighats.
Financial Assistance Scheme:
Medium term loans are sanctioned to the
eligible Primary Washermen Co-operative
Societies ranging from Rs.2,000/- to
Rs.5, 000/- per member at a simple interest
of 5% repayable in 36 equal monthly
installments. From 1982-83 to 2009-10, 2281
Primary Washermen Co-op. Societies,
consisting of 1,62,200 Rajakas have been
affiliated to this Federation.
1,199 Primary Washermen Cooperative
Societies, consisting of 62,015 beneficiaries
have been sanctioned medium term loans
with an amount of Rs.729.40 lakhs.
During the year 2008-09, a new Economic
Support scheme called the “Financial
Assistance Scheme” has been introduced by
way of Subsidy with bank credit linkup
151
instead of Medium Term loans. The unit cost
fixed is Rs.1.50 lakhs for a group of 15
members with (50%)subsidy Rs.75,000/-,
(40%) bank loan Rs. 60,000/- and (10%)
beneficiary contribution Rs.15,000/-
An amount of Rs.50.00 lakhs is provided for
2009-10 for implementation of Financial
Assistance scheme. So far, Rs.12.50 lakhs
released to 17 Primary Washermen
Cooperative Societies to cover 250 Rajaka
beneficiaries.
Andhra Pradesh Nayee Brahmins Co-
Operative Societies Federation
The Andhra Pradesh Nayee Brahmin
Cooperative Societies Federation Ltd., was
established in the year 1989 for economic up
liftment of Nayee Brahmins and the
following schemes are implemented by the
Federation for their upliftment.
Financial Assistance.
Medium term loans are sanctioned to the
eligible Primary Nayee Brahmins
Cooperative Societies ranging from Rs.
2,500/- to Rs. 5,000/- per member at a simple
interest of 5% repayable in 36 equal monthly
installments.
From 1989-90 to 2009-10, 1732 Primary
Nayee Brahmins Cooperative Societies have
been affiliated to this Federation. 701
Primary Nayee Brahmins Cooperative
Societies consisting of 34,778 beneficiaries
have been sanctioned Medium Term Loans
with an amount of Rs. 437.84 Lakhs.
During the year 2008-09, ‘Financial
Assistance Scheme’ was introduced by way
of Subsidy with bank credit linkup instead of
Medium Term Loans in the federation with a
unit cost of Rs.1.50 lakhs for a group of 15-
member society with (50%)subsidy
Rs.75,000/-, (40%) bank loan Rs. 60,000/-
and (10%) beneficiary contribution
Rs.15,000/- .
An amount of Rs. 50.00 Lakhs is provided
for 2009-10 for implementation of Financial
Assistance scheme. So far, Rs. 12.75 Lakhs
is released to 17 Primary Nayee Brahmins
Cooperative Societies to cover 271 Nayee
Brahmin beneficiaries.
Andhra Pradesh Vaddera Cooperative
Societies Federation
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
The Andhra Pradesh Vaddera Cooperative
Societies Federation Ltd., was established in
the year 2006. The main object of the
Federation is to implement various schemes
for economic upliftment of poor Vaddera
Community. 2,086 primary vaddera societies
are registered and affiliated to the Federation.
Since inception, 68 societies have been
extended financial assistance under the
scheme.
During the year 2008-09, ‘Financial
Assistance Scheme’ was introduced for
extending economic support to members of
registered primary co-operative societies.
The scheme contains subsidy with bank
credit linkage with an unit cost of Rs.1.50
lakhs for a 15 member primary society with
(50%)subsidy Rs.75,000/-, (40%) bank loan
Rs. 60,000/- and (10%) beneficiary
contribution Rs.15,000/-.
During the year 2009-10, an amount of
Rs.13.50 lakhs was spent by way of release
of subsidy to 18 societies covering 270
vaddera beneficiaries.
***
SOCIAL WELFARE
8.14 The Scheduled Caste Population in the
state has increased from 105.92 1akhs in
1991 to123.39 lakhs in 2001 registering a
growth of 16.50 percent. As per the Census
2001, the Scheduled Castes population forms
16.19 per percent of the total population of
Andhra Pradesh. More than 82% of the
Scheduled Castes are living in rural areas.
Sex Ratio among the Scheduled Castes is
981, which is higher than the State average of
978. The percentage of SC population in
rural areas has declined from 88.9 percent in
1961 to 82.8 per cent in 2001. The literacy
rate among SCs was 53.52 in 2001, lower
than the All India percent of 54.69.
The principal objectives of Social Welfare
Department are Educational Advancement,
Socio-Economic Development, Welfare and
Protection of Scheduled Castes.
Scheduled Castes Sub-Plan (SCSP):
Under the Special Component Plan for SCs,
it has been imperative for all the Government
departments to earmark 16.2 % of their Plan
152
Outlay i.e. in proportion to the SC population Samkshema Bata: An innovative exercise
in the State, exclusively for the development was taken up, in which the Hon’ble Ministers
of SCs. and MLAs personally visit Social welfare
The Nodal Agency under the Chairmanship hostels to list out the repairs to be taken up in
of Hon’ble Minister (SW) and the Apex the hostels. For repairs of Government
Committee under the Chairmanship of Hostel Buildings and to provide
Hon’ble Chief Minister review the infrastructure facilities an amount of Rs.50
allocations and expenditure under SCSP crores was provided, i.e, Rs.35 crores for
during the year. repairs and Rs.15 crores for construction of
The SCSP outlay for 2009-10 is Rs. 5,243.17 new toilets and bathrooms for hostel boarders
crores, and the expenditure under SCSP @ of 1:10 boarders. 1910 works have been
during 2009-10(upto December,09) is Rs. takenup and out of which, 1457 have been
1708.69 Crores indicating an achievement of completed and remaining works are in
32.59%. progress.
Table 8.22
Educational Programs: Ananda Nilayams
Hostels: During 2009-10, there are 2,358
hostels (Boys 1,691 and Girls 667) in the Year Institut Boys Girls Total
State with an intake of 2.48 lakhs. ions
Government have enhanced the mess charges 2005-06 79 4061 3189 7250
2006-07 79 3475 3180 6655
in Govt. Hostels from Rs.338/- p.m. to 2007-08 79 3709 3236 6945
Rs.475/- p.m. for boarders up to 7th class and 2008-09 79 4100 3263 7363
from Rs.412/- p.m. to Rs.535/- p.m. for 2009-10 79 3962 3275 7237
boarders from 8th to 10th class from the Source: Social Welfare Department
academic year, 2008-09. The cosmetic Ananda Nilayams: At present, there are 79
charges given to hostel boarders are also Ananda Nilayams functioning in the State. 50
increased from Rs.22/- to Rs.50/- for boys percent of the seats in Ananda Nilayams are
and from Rs.40/- to Rs.75/- for girls. The filled up with orphan students and the
stitching charges are increased from Rs.20/- remaining 50 percent with the children
per pair to Rs. 40/- per pair. Hair cut whose parents are engaged in unclean
charges are increased from Rs.5/- to Rs.12/-. occupations. The inmates in these Ananda
The number of dresses supplied is increased Nilayams are provided all facilities on par
from 2 to 4 dresses per annum per boarder with the boarders in Social Welfare hostels.
from the year 2008-09. Further, medical The details of Ananda Nilayams are shown in
insurance is also being provided to the hostel Table 8.22.
boarders covering accidental death cases
also.
Results: There has been considerable
improvement in the results of 10th class in
Table 8.23
SSC Results of Students in SW Hostels Social Welfare Hostels. During March 2009,
Year Appe Passed % of % of 24,482 students appeared for SSC
ared hostel State examinations and 20,518 students passed in
results Average the State. The overall pass percentage is
2003 13919 10530 75.65 75.00 83.81 as against the State average of 78.83.
2004 16294 13853 85.02 80.55
During the year 2009-10, 3,684 S.C. boarders
2005 19299 14478 75.02 72.41
2006 23742 18101 76.24 73.16 who obtained good marks in SSC were
2007 22250 17286 77.69 71.36 admitted in reputed Junior Colleges like
2008 22072 17728 80.31 75.31 Narayana, Chaitanya, etc. SSC results of
2009 24482 20518 83.81 78.83 students in Social welfare hostels are shown
Source: Social Welfare Department in Table 8.23.

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 153

Colleges Hostels: Prior to 2009-10, there
were 152 Scheduled Caste College Hostels
(71 for Boys and 81 for Girls) functioning
with an intake of 100 students for each
hostel. 21,182 students are admitted in the
hostels during 2009-10. Government is
providing electricity charges, house rent,
water charges and scholarships. The students
themselves are maintaining the mess through
mess committees. Government have
sanctioned 400 college hostels i.e., 200 for
boys and 200 for girls during 2009-10.
Post-Matric Scholarships: Residential and
Non-Residential scholarships are being
awarded to all eligible Post-Matric students
belonging to the Scheduled Castes. This
scholarship amount includes maintenance
charges for the students and non-refundable
fee payable to the institution, expenses on
study tours and typing charges of thesis etc.
The existing income ceilings for the award of
Post-Matric scholarships is Rs.1.00 lakh per
annum from the year 2008-09. SC Research
scholars in M.Phil course will get a
fellowship of Rs.500/- per month and
Rs.1,000/- per annum towards contingent
expenditure on data collection, etc. The
Scheduled Caste Research Scholars in Ph.D.
Course would be sanctioned a sum of
Rs.600/- per month towards maintenance and
Rs.1,500/- per annum towards contingencies.
During 2009-10 an amount of Rs. 600.62
Crores is provided to cover six lakh SC
students. From the year 2008-09, applications
for scholarships and sanction of scholarships
were made ‘online’ to ensure that
scholarships reach the students by the 1st of
every month and also to ensure transparency
by keeping all the information in the public
domain.
Distribution of House Sites: The income
ceiling for allotment of house sites to weaker
section families, free of cost, is Rs.11,000/-
per annum. Each family is eligible for
allotment of an extent of 3 cents of wetland
or 5 cents of dry land or 60 sq. yards per
family in urban areas towards house sites. In
the acquisition program, land is also allotted
for common purposes like internal roads,
schools and community halls etc.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
The allocation of house-sites among various
sections of population is as follows:
Scheduled Castes - 40%
Scheduled Tribes - 10%
Backward Classes - 30%
Minorities - 10%
Other Economically poor - 10%
During 2009-10, an amount of Rs.60.00
crores was allotted. Under INDlRAMMA
programme 1st phase 4,09,433 house sites
were provided. Similarly, 4,66,681 house
sites were distributed upto September 2009
under INDIRAMMA 2nd phase and 2,40,506
house sites have been distributed so far under
INDIRAMMA Programme 3rd Phase.
Andhra Pradesh Scheduled Castes
Cooperative Finance Corporation
Ltd:
A.P. Scheduled Castes Cooperative Finance
Corporation Ltd., was established in the year
1974.
Objectives:
• To plan, promote and take up Economic
Assistance programs in the fields of
Agriculture Development, Animal
Husbandry, Marketing, Processing, Supply
and Storage of Agriculture Products, Small
Scale Industry, Cottage Industry, Trade,
Business or any other activity which enables
the members of Scheduled Castes to earn for
a better living and helps them to improve
their standard of living.
• To undertake programs of employment
oriented Cottage and Small Scale Industries
etc., by providing technical know-how,
managerial assistance and financial
assistance, which may be required to achieve
the above objectives, including necessary
financial guarantee to its members.
During 2008-09, an amount of Rs. 376.57
Crores was incurred as expenditure towards
financial assistance for the benefit of 2,54,357
Scheduled Caste beneficiaries.
During 2009-10, an amount of Rs. 129.07
Crores was incurred as expenditure towards
financial assistance for the benefit of 1,12,451
S.C beneficiaries as on 30-11-2009.
Investments:
The Corporation, since inception i.e., from 1974
upto 2008-09, has grounded various economic
154
support programmes benefiting 46,08,197
Scheduled Caste families with an outlay of Rs.
3,614.60 Crores. The Corporation has adopted
model schemes to serve as incentives to the
prospective Scheduled Caste beneficiaries. The
District Societies have, however, been allowed
to take up any new scheme which is viable and
feasible. During the year 2009-10, an amount of
Rs. 13 Crores is allocated by GoI and Rs. 14.99
crores allocated by Government of A.P towards
Share Capital.
Government of Andhra Pradesh announced
Waiver of loan with interest upto Rs. 1.00 lakh
per beneficiary and all welfare Corporations
shall as facilitators to obtain institutional finance
duly providing Rs. 30,000/- or 50% of the
scheme cost whichever is less as subsidy.
Accordingly, A.P.S.C. Cooperative Finance
Corporation has adopted the new pattern of Rs.
30,000/- or 50% of the scheme cost as subsidy
from SCA provided by Government of India and
other subsidies provided by State Government.
Special Central Assistance (SCA):
Special Central Assistance provided by
Government of India is being utilized for
providing subsidy and for non-recurring items
like making the schemes given to the target
groups really bankable and effective and to
provide infrastructure to meet backward and
forward linkages at district level. During 2009-
10, an amount of Rs.45 crores is allocated under
SCA to Special Component Plan.
Economic Support Program:
Many of the SC families have been assigned
agriculture lands but the income derived from
such land is very meagre. It is therefore, essential
to provide irrigation facilities to these lands to
enable the assignees to reap maximum benefit.
Emphasis is made to cover these lands by
providing irrigation facilities, land development,
horticulture and minor irrigation etc., in the
Action Plan for 2009-10.
Initiatives:
• Government issued orders in July, 2009 to
waive Margin Money, NSFDC and
NSKFDC loans with interest of less than Rs.
One lakh for Scheduled Caste loanees, who
availed these loans and outstanding as on 29-
02-2008. An amount of Rs.1176.82 crores of
loans of 17,80,842 Scheduled Caste
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
beneficiaries has been waived and made
them free from corporation loans.
• The subsidy component has been enhanced
to Rs.30,000/- from Rs. 10,000/- or 50% of
the unit cost whichever is less.
• Special Rehabilitation Scheme for
Scheduled Caste released Prisoners is being
implemented.
• Pavala Vaddi is made applicable to promote
prompt repayment of Bank Loans.
• The per capita investment which was Rs.
730/- during 1974-75, has gradually been
increased upto Rs. 18,000/- in recent years.
It is expected to reach upto Rs. 50,000/- in
the Action Plan of 2009-10 with a view to
attain sustainable income to poor SC
beneficiaries.
***
TRIBAL WELFARE
8.15 The tribal population of Andhra Pradesh
according to 2001 Census is 50.24 lakhs
constituting about 6.59% of the total
population of the State. The Scheduled areas
extend over 31,485.34 sq. Kms, which is
about 11% of total area of the State with
5,938 villages distributed in Srikakulam,
Vizianagaram, Visakhapatnam, East
Godavari, West Godavari, Khammam,
Warangal, Adilabad and Mahabubnagar
Districts. There are no scheduled areas in the
other districts. There are 35 ST communities
living in the State. Of the 50.24 lakhs tribal
population, 30.47 lakhs are found in the
above mentioned 9 districts. The remaining
tribal population of 19.77 lakhs is distributed
in the other districts.
Tribal development did not get translated
into a definite program of action till the 4th
Five Year Plan period until the socio-
economic development of STs was accepted
as a general goal. The concept of tribal sub-
plan strategy was evolved after a detailed
comprehensive review of the tribal problem
was taken during 5th Five Year Plan. For
implementation of the strategy, Integrated
Tribal Development Agencies (ITDAs) were
conceived. During 6th Five Year Plan,
Modified Area Development Approach
(MADA) was adopted to cover smaller areas
of tribal concentration and for still smaller
155
areas the cluster approach was adopted. Now,
there are 41 MADA Pockets and 17 Clusters.
During 7th Five Year Plan, the programs
were extended to Dispersed Tribal Groups
(DTGs) also. By the end of 9th Five Year
Plan, the Program priorities of Tribal Welfare
Department are provision of incentives to
students by way of free boarding and lodging
for hostellers and package of incentives like
supply of text books, note books, dresses etc.
For the first time, 82 Primary Health Centers
were sanctioned during 2004 exclusively for
tribal areas to improve access to primary
health care. All efforts are being made to
ensure that all the tribal habitations are
provided with safe drinking water.
Areas inhabited by primitive tribal groups
and remote areas of the ITDAs and MADAs
are by and large lacking in necessary
infrastructural facilities required for a
minimum standard of living. The availability
of infrastructure facilities in the tribal areas is
far below the State and National averages.
The general literacy rate is 60.5% as per
2001 Census, while the ST literacy is
37.04%. Government accorded high priority
for the accelerated development of tribals by
implementing socio economic development
programs. Major focus is on Education,
Health and Land based schemes.
Tribal Welfare Department assists the tribal
population in the field of education,
economic development and other programs.
Tribal Cultural Research And Training
Institute (TCR & TI):
It is established in the year 1963. The key
functions of the institute are to conduct
ethnographic studies on tribes of AP,
carryout socio economic and bench mark
surveys, formulate perspective plans for
Integrated Tribal Development Agencies
(ITDAs) and Primitive Tribal Groups (PTGs)
and impart various types of orientation
trainings to officials and non officials
engaged in tribal development.
Girijan Cooperative Corporation (GCC):
Efforts to eliminate exploitation by private
traders are being continued. The Girijan Co-
operative Corporation Ltd., Visakhapatnam is
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
purchasing minor forest produce with
monopoly rights in 38 items.
A.P. Scheduled Tribe Co-Operative
Finance Corporation (TRICOR):
The A.P. Scheduled Tribe Co-operative
Finance Corporation (TRICOR) is providing
margin money needed for the tribals to draw
institutional finance for the economic
development programs.
Tribal Welfare Engineering Wing:
Tribal Welfare Engineering wing is looking
after construction of Ashram Schools,
Hostels, Residential Schools/ITIs/
Polytechnics/Degree Colleges, formation of
roads in agency areas, Construction of
Community and Individual latrines and
works sponsored by other agencies.
A.P. Tribal Welfare Residential
Educational Institutions Society
(GURUKULAM): It is established in the
year 1999 bifurcating from A.P. Residential
Educational Institutions Society and renamed
as GURUKULAM. It takes care of enrolment
and retention of tribal children and
improvement in the quality of education. It
is responsible for the effective management
of the institutions.
A.P. Tribal Power Company Limited
(TRIPCO):
Government of Andhra Pradesh promoted
Tribal Power Company to establish, generate
and operate Mini Hydel Power Projects and
other non conventional power projects like
Solar, Bio-mass etc., in tribal areas. Projects
will be owned and managed by local tribals
constituted into a project committee.
A.P. Tribal Mining Pvt. Limited
(TRIMCO):
Tribal Mining limited was established under
companies Act 1956 during the year 2001 as
Joint Venture Company (JVC) of AP
TRICOR (74%) and APMDC (26%). The
objective is to facilitate mining operations in
tribal areas for the benefit of tribals by
framing Tribal Mining Cooperative Societies,
and providing safe and scientific mining
methods to the tribals.
Budget: The Department’s budget for 2009-
10 is Rs.770.99 cr. consisting of Rs.400.27
156
cr. under Non-Plan and Rs.370.72 cr. under
Plan (Including Rs.61.39 cr. under CSS).
71% of the budget Rs.610.42 Cr. was
allocated towards tribal education.
Achievements during 2009-10:
Education: Tribal Welfare Department is
maintaining 599 Ashram Schools with
strength of 1,59,203, 442 Hostels with
strength of 79,640 and 4,317 Girijana Vidya
Vikasa Kendras (Single Teacher Schools)
renamed as Government Primary Schools
(TW) with a strength of 1,01,852.
There are 56 Residential Schools, 12
Residential Schools for Primitive Tribal
Groups (PTGs), 4 English Medium Schools,
49 Residential Junior Colleges, 2 Upgraded
Residential Junior Colleges, 3 Schools of
Excellence, 3 Colleges of Excellence, 41
Mini Gurukulams and 90 Kasturba Gandhi
Balika Vidyalayas with a strength of 73,081,
of which 34,081 are boys and 39,000 are
girls.
5,030 seats increased in residential
institutions during 2009-10.
7,774 ST students admitted additionally over
previous year in TW GURUKULAM
institutions.
Enhancement of diet charges: Government
have enhanced diet charges of ST boarders
by 40% in 2008-09.
New Menu: In tune with increased diet
charges the revised menu along with detailed
guidelines on the procedure, quality, hygienic
and other practices were communicated to all
Project Officers of ITDAs and DTWOs. The
menu charts have been displayed in the
hostels, ashram schools and residential
institutions. The menu was also published in
telugu daily news papers for public
information.
Revised incentives: Government have
enhanced/revised certain incentives that are
being provided to the ST boarders from
2008-09. Supply of bedding material is made
once in every year, four pairs of dresses are
being supplied every year and hair cutting/
cosmetic/stitching charges were also
enhanced.
CBSE Syllabus: Government have
introduced English medium with CBSE
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
syllabus from 2009-10 in 2 sections of class
5th and 6th in 158 tribal welfare Ashram
Schools and 74 Residential Schools
benefiting 32,307 students.
Corporate Education in Intermediate:
2,751 ST students were admitted in reputed
corporate colleges for quality education in
Intermediate by paying Rs.35,000/- per
student per year.
One D.Ed College was sanctioned at
Bhadrachalam in 2008.
75% of seats in the degree colleges located in
agency areas are reserved for local ST
students.
Results: 78% of students in Hostels, 86% of
students in Ashram Schools and 93% of
students in TW Residential Schools passed
SSC Public Examinations held in March,
2009.
49% of students in TW Residential Junior
Colleges passed in Intermediate 1st year
Examinations held in March, 2009.
68% of students in TW Residential Junior
Colleges passed in Intermediate II year
Examinations held in March, 2009.
Health Insurance: The “health insurance
scheme” has been renewed for 2009-10 also
with National Insurance Company Limited
and an amount of Rs.89,45,356/- was paid as
annual premium @ 26/- per boarder
(including service tax) to cover 3,11,924 ST
student boarders studying in ashram schools,
hostels, K.G.B.Vs, residential schools,
residential junior colleges and Mini
Gurukulams. 1673 cases were treated and
reimbursed an amount of Rs.35,17,470/- up
to November, 2009.
Pre-Matric Scholarships:
Government have enhanced pre-matric
scholarships by 10% during the year 2008-
09. 5,918 ST students studying in 112
reputed schools under Best Available
Schools Scheme are receiving pre-matric
scholarships @ Rs.8,800/- to Rs.20,000/- per
annum per boarder. ST students are
sponsored for admission in Hyderabad Public
Schools (HPS) to get quality education. 304
ST students are studying in Hyderabad
Public Schools and receiving quality
education during this year.
157
Post-Matric Scholarships: 81,517 ST
students are receiving Post-Matric
Scholarships during the current year (up to
30-9-09). An amount of Rs.45.34 crores was
spent on Post- Matric Scholarships.
Government enhanced income ceiling limit
of parents of ST students for sanction of
Post- Matric Scholarships to Rs.1,00,000/-.
Government have issued orders to sanction,
drawal and disbursement of post matric
scholarships through online from the
academic year 2008-09. 1,03,615 fresh
applications and 95,505 renewal applications
were received through on line from ST
students (as on 19-12-2009). Maintenance
charges for ST students were enhanced by
30% during 2008-09.
Samkshema Bata: Government have
sanctioned an amount of Rs.55.07 crores
towards essential repairs and construction of
new toilet blocks in 1,174 TW educational
institutions (as on 31-10-2009).
Conservation cum Development Plan for
PTGs: Conservation cum Development Plan
for the Primitive Tribal Groups of AP for the
XI Five year plan with a total cost of
Rs.115.98 crores was prepared and submitted
to Government of India. The GoI have
released an amount of Rs.8.60 cr. to take up
priority projects like establishment of
nutritional rehabilitation centers, land
purchase, viability gap funding for
indiramma houses and coverage of balance of
PTG families under Janasri Bhima Yojana
for the welfare of PTGs and the same was
released to the concerned 7 Districts.
Nine branch drug stores were sanctioned at
ITDA head quarters.
Village Tribal Development Associations
(VTDAs): Government have issued orders to
organize village development Associations
(VTDAs) duly replacing the village
development committees (VDCs) in all tribal
habitations having more than 70 households
and located in TSP areas and which are not
major Gram Panchayats. The main purpose
of this concept was to ensure participation of
the tribal community in all development
activities in addition to the works/functions
already being performed by VDCs and to
inculcate a sense of ownership of community
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
assets, ensure proper and equitable
development to the Tribal Sub Plan villages
in the state. Financial powers of VTDAs has
been enhanced from Rs.5.00 lakhs to
Rs.10.00 lakhs for all building works, road
works other than BT roads, minor irrigation
works and all maintenance works.
Strengthening of Tribal Welfare
Educational Institutions: As a part of
strengthening of 231 Educational Institutions,
Government decided to provide toilets and
bathrooms at the rate of 20 toilets and 20
bathrooms for each institution. An amount of
Rs.25.13 crores was sanctioned.
Girijan Co-operative Corporation: Girijan
Co-operative Corporation is targeted to
procure Rs.22.80 crores worth of Minor
Forest Produce and Agricultural Produce
during 2009-10 The activity wise
performance depicted in the Table 8.24.
Table 8.24
Performance of GCC during 2009-10
(Rs.Crores)
Activity Target Achievement
MFP/AP Procurement 22.80 3.46
Sales of ECs and
Other DRs. 173.25 81.28
Credit Disbursement 6.00 1.53
Credit Recovery 8.00 0.35
RMD Sales 25.00 5.72
Total 235.05 92.34
Source: - Tribal Welfare Department
TRICOR: For the year 2009-10, TRICOR has
prepared action plan with an out lay of Rs.309.58
cr. to benefit 3,77,677 ST beneficiaries under
economic support schemes including training
and employment generation programs. An
amount of Rs.35.78 crores was spent so far,
covering 1,51,970 ST beneficiaries.
Subsidy: Government have taken a decision to
increase subsidy from Rs.10,000/- to Rs.30,000/-
from 2009-10 onwards. It will be limited to 50%
of the total unit cost or Rs.30,000/- whichever is
less. Units costing more than Rs.10.00 lakhs will
be assisted by specialized agencies under
Industries and Commerce department.
Coffee Project: Coffee plantation project during
XI Five year plan has been contemplated with
financial assistance from Coffee Board (25%),
158
GOAP (25%) and (50%) beneficiary contribution
in the form of labor to take up coffee in 60,000
acres with an out lay of Rs.148.00 cr. Coffee
including pepper was taken up in 12,000 acres
and Silver Oak in 20,000 acres with an
expenditure of Rs.148.82 lakhs in Paderu ITDA
area of Visakapatnam District.
Rubber Project: During the current year,
plantations were taken up in 4,962 acres with an
expenditure of Rs.3.89 cr in R.C.Varam ITDA
area.
Organic farming project: The Organic farming
project is under implementation in 3 ITDAs i.e.,
Seethampeta, Eturunagaram and Bhadrachalam.
The project is jointly funded by TW department
and Horticulture department. An amount of
Rs.64.98 lakhs was spent to benefit 3,171 ST
beneficiaries.
Land Transfer Regulations: 76,651 cases were
detected, 74,807 cases were disposed and 36,354
cases were decided in favor of STs.
Mini Hydel Projects (TRIPC0): 23 Fresh
DPRs and PFRs for Mini Hydel Projects were
prepared for sanction with an estimated capacity
of 24.38 MW and with an estimated project cost
of Rs.143.75 cr. Reconnaissance survey for 25
locations is completed by specialist agencies. 3
Mini Hydel Power Projects have been taken up at
Vetamamidi, Pinjarikonda and Mitlapalem in
ITDA, Rampa Chodavaram, East Godavari
District.
Under Village energy security program (VESP),
the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, GoI
have sanctioned three Bio Fuel Energy based
projects at Marripalem, Biligondapenta and
Chinnarutla villages in Prakasam district at a cost
of Rs.53.48 lakhs.
Referral Fund: 200 Tribal people suffering
from chronic ailments were given financial
assistance for treatment in referral hospitals.
Inter Caste Marriages: 31 couples received
incentives so far for inter caste marriages, if
one of the spouses belongs to ST.
Tribal Sub Plan(TSP): During the year
2009-10, the Tribal sub-plan outlay is
Rs.2370.86 crores, which is 7.08% in the
total state plan outlay. The expenditure
incurred is Rs.833.76 crores indicating an
achievement of 35.17% (upto December,09).
Recognition of Forest Rights Act, 2006
(RoFR): Operational guidelines for
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
implementation of RoFR Act were issued by
Government and communicated to all
District Collectors/Project Officers of ITDAs
and other concerned officers. 3,27,143 claims
were received covering an area of 19,11,074
acres, 1,82,093 claims were approved
covering 14,21,904 acres and 1,73,106
certificate of titles were issued covering
13,68,098 acres.
Infrastructure Development: As part of
strengthening infrastructure facilities in tribal
areas, 77 road works have been taken up
under RIDF–XIV (NABARD) in 2008-09
with an estimated cost of Rs.136.85 crores.
Under Article 275 (i), 25 road works have
been taken up with an estimated cost of
Rs.15.55 cr. in ITDA areas.
Weeding out false ST Claims: 8,049 cases
were scrutinized before admission into
various courses like Medical, Engineering,
Polytechnic etc., and 41 were found to be
doubtful or false.
Establishment of Integrated Tribal
Development Agency (ITDA) for
Development of Scheduled Tribes in Plain
Areas: Government accorded administrative
sanction for establishment of Integrated
Tribal Development Agency (ITDA) for the
development of STs in plain areas in Feb,
2009. The jurisdiction of the ITDA subject
to the exclusion of areas included in ITDAs
Chenchus at Srisailam and Yanadies at
Nellore shall extend to the districts of
Krishna, Gunture, Prakasam, Nellore,
Chittor, Kadapa, Anantapur, Kurnool,
Mahabubnagar, Hyderbad, Ranga Reddy,
Medak, Karimnagar, Nizamabad and
Nalgonda.
Dr. Y.S.Rajasekhara Reddy Study Circle
for STs: Government have issued orders in
September, 2009 establishing a study circle-
cum-pre–examination-training centre to cater
to training needs of the educational tribal
youth in the State with a sanctioned strength
of 100 seats and started with 75 admitted
strength.
***
MINORITIES WELFARE
159
8.16 India is a vast nation with a fabric like
interwoven society with many religious and
ways of life. As a secular country,
Government’s endeavor has always been to
ensure carrying its entire population,
including the Minorities, on the path of
progress. The Department of Minorities
Welfare was created in the year 1993 with
the transfer of related subjects from the
departments of Revenue, General
Administration, Employment, Youth
Services and Education. Schemes and
policies have been put in place to ensure the
upliftment of Minorities under the aegis of
the Minorities Finance Corporation. The
advancement of Minorities requires attention
from several angles. As per 2001 Census, the
population of Minorities in Andhra Pradesh
is around 82.00 lakhs, which constitutes over
11 % of the total population of the State. The
population of Minorities is generally urban-
based. A large segment of Minority
population is living below poverty line. The
share of Minorities in different economic
support schemes has also been very low. The
Minorities in general and their women
counterparts in particular, have been highly
backward, both educationally and
economically. The Main problems of
Minorities and the Governmental
intervention are attempted in the following
areas:
• Economic Development;
• Women Development;
• Educational Development;
• Protection and Development of Wakf
Properties;
• Protection and Development of Urdu
Language;
• Social and Cultural Development; and
• Removing the sense of discrimination.
Government have taken various initiatives
for the overall development of the minorities
Some of them are briefed below:
A.P. State Minorities Commission:
It was constituted in 1979. Subsequently,
Government, in 1998, have enacted the A.P.
State Minorities Commission Act, 1998. The
Minorities Commission is looking into
specific issues being faced by minority
community.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
A.P. State Minorities Finance Corporation
and A. P. Christian Finance Corporation
The Andhra Pradesh State Minorities Finance
Corporation Limited was incorporated under
the Companies Act, 1956 in the year 1985, to
assist the weaker sections of Minorities viz.,
Muslims, Sikhs, Buddhists and Parsis etc. for
their socio economic development through
banks for which the corporation provides
subsidy component only for the schemes viz.
i) economic assistance for setting up of
businesses, Industrial, Service, Agriculture
and allied viable activities and Grant in Aid
for Welfare Schemes. A separate
Corporation viz., Andhra Pradesh State
Christian Finance Corporation has been
established in 2009 for welfare of weaker
sections of Christians.
Activities during 2009-10: (30/09/09)
Subsidy Grant for Bankable Scheme: The
corporation envisaged to provide Subsidy for
Bankable Scheme to 2667 beneficiaries to
the tune of Rs. 400.00 lakhs.
Pre Matric Scholarships: The Corporation
envisaged to provide Pre Matric Scholarships
of Rs. 1195.31 lakhs to 1,70,759 students.
Post Matric Scholarships: The
Corporation envisaged to provide Post
Matric Scholarships to 1,28,701 students the
tune of Rs. 3378.69 lakhs.
Reimbursement of Tuition Fee: The
Corporation envisaged to extend an amount
of Rs. 5875.00 lakhs towards Tuition Fee
Reimbursement.
Maintenance of Pre and Post Matric
Hostels for Minorities: The Corporation
has provided Rs.400.00 lakhs towards
maintenance of Pre and Post Matric Hostels
for Minorities.
Improvement and Development of
Residential Schools and colleges for
minorities: An amount of Rs.600.00 lakhs
was provided for development of Residential
Schools.
Andhra Pradesh State Wakf Board:
Government have sanctioned Rs. 70.67
crores for the Wakf Board from 1995-96 to
2008-09 for various schemes like Repair and
Maintenance of Wakf Institutions, Repairs,
Revolving Fund for construction of Shopping
160
Complexes, Grant-in aid towards payment of
legal expenses and repayment of loans,
Construction and maintenance of Haj House,
Conduct of Marriages to Poor Muslim Girls,
Maintenance assistance to Muslim Divorced
Families, etc.
Urdu Academy :
The Urdu Academy was established in 1975
for Promotion, Protection and Development
of Urdu Language and Literature. It provides
Grant-in-Aid towards -- preserving and
promotion of Urdu language, Scholarships
and fees re-imbursement to urdu medium
students, Vocational training in Urdu
computer education Courses, providing
Infrastructure facilities in Urdu Schools and
assistance to AP Open(Urdu) school etc.
Centre for Educational Development of
Minorities(CEDM)
Under this scheme, CEDM is taking steps to
improve the Classroom Performance of
School Children Belonging to Minorities. It
has adopted the schools with dismal
performance to provide basics and improve
the performance in SSC Examination.
Centre distributes workbooks in Maths-I,
Maths-II, Physical Sciences, Biological
Sciences, English and Telugu (7) to X class
Urdu Medium students (coaching and non-
coaching) throughout AP.
The free coaching programme covers a
period of six months from August to
February every year.
Dairatul Maarif-Il - Osmania:
The Dairatul Maarif is an autonomous body.
It is one of the leading institutions of India,
which carries out research on Arabic works
written during the classical and mediaeval
era. Each and every work selected goes
through the process of careful transcription
and diligent collation of different
manuscripts available by a team of renowned
scholars before it goes for printing and
publication. The Dairatul Maarif-il-Osmania
has so far published about 175 works of
seminal importance all being welcomed
warmly by the world of learning.
A.P.State Haj Committee:
To perform religious duties, thousands of
Muslims of the State proceed to Saudi Arabia
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
in order to perform Haj. Haj Committee
constituted by A.P. Government has been
providing all the required facilities to Hajis.
A total amount of Rs. 70.00 lakhs is provided
as Grant-in-Aid during 2009-10 to A.P. State
Haj Committee.
***
YOUTH SERVICES
8.17 The Youth Welfare Schemes are
categorized as (a) providing Self
Employment to the un- employed youth, (b)
Training to provide employment and (c)
other participatory programmes. Rajiv
Yuvashakthi Programme is implemented to
provide financial assistance, to create self
employment opportunities to the eligible
unemployed youth to establish Self
employment units in Industry, Service and
Business Sectors. Suitable training
programmes are designed and implemented
as per the market demand and needs of the
youth to make them employable in
association with the Industry. To facilitate
the unemployed youth for enrolment into
Army, CRPF and other allied services,
Commissionerate of Youth Services is
organizing suitable training programmes in
association with Police and NCC officials in
all Districts. In addition to Self Employment
and Training Programmes, youth
empowerment programmes like Youth
Leadership Training Programmes, Youth
Exchange Programmes, Youth Festivals,
Shramadan programmes, Mass mobilization
programmes like Aids Awareness Campaign,
Literary, Family Planning etc., are organized.
Rajiv Yuvashakthi Programme:
An employment generation programme,
Rajiv Yuvashakthi was taken up by
Government of Andhra Pradesh for the
benefit of unemployed youth. Three types of
schemes are being implemented under this
self employment programme viz. Individual
(Rs. 1.00 Lakh), Group (Rs. 3.00 Lakhs to
5.00 Lakhs) and Petty (Rs. 0.50 Lakh) with
20% Subsidy, 10% Beneficiary Contribution
and 70% Bank Loan.
During 2008-09, 24,724 units were grounded
with a project cost of Rs.159.42 crores,
involving a subsidy of Rs.31.63 crores.
161
 The achievements under Rajiv Yuvashakthi
Programme are given in Annexure 8.13.
Pre Army Recruitment
Scheme of Pre Army Recruitment training is
aimed for eligible unemployed youth to
enable them for enhancing chances of
recruitment in ARMY, Air Force, CRPF and
other Allied services. The training is
designed for 30 days prior to the Recruitment
rallies with free boarding and lodging besides
academic assistance.
• Department of Youth Services is
extending necessary administrative
support to authorities for recruitment
rallies whenever held in the districts.
• During 2007-08, 1,931members have
undergone training and 1,887 youth have
got selected.
• During 2008-09, 5,175 members have
undergone training and 3,824 youth have
got selected.
Skill Development Training Programme
Commissionerate of Youth Services is
identifying employment opportunities in
private sector by conducting market survey in
association with the departments/ training
institutions, like Reddy’s Foundation,
APITCO, APPC, SRTRI, NIIT, Handlooms
and Textiles, LIDCAP etc. Skill development
training programmes are taken up to impart
employable skills to unemployed youth. The
skill upgradation trainings are organized in
various demand oriented courses like security
services, masonry, bar bending, IT enabled
services, LMV driving; bedsides nursing
assistants, Call Centre executives, hotel
management, garment making, Auto Cad,
hardware etc. and assisting the youth in
getting placement in various private
organizations as a part of wage employment.
During 2008-09, placements were provided
to 32,682 members with a minimum salary of
Rs.2,500/- and above.
For the year 2009-10, a sum of Rs.1,924.13
lakhs is provided and is targeted to provide
benefit to 6,000 youth in ongoing programs.
HOUSING
8.18 Andhra Pradesh has been the pioneer in
implementing “Housing for all” duly aiming
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
at the objective of National Housing Policy
of “Shelter for all” and committed to making
“Housing for all” a reality. Key principles
followed in implementing the housing
programme are:
• Providing affordable housing with
adequate amenities and healthy
environment for Economically Weaker
Sections.
• Facilitating access to affordable housing
for the Lower Income Groups both, in
rural and urban areas.
• Complementing construction of housing
with provision of basic services to ensure
clean and comfortable cities and towns.
The pioneering effort of the Andhra Pradesh
State Housing Corporation Limited
(APSHCL) in motivating and educating
beneficiaries and introducing the concept of
“Self-Helf and Mutual-Help” has succeeded
not only in creating awareness among the
beneficiaries to drive away from exploitation
by middlemen and in reducing the cost of
construction by adoption of Cost-Effective
and Eco-Friendly Technologies, but also
helped in capacity building and utilization of
human resources among rural and poor. The
introduction of Beneficiaries’ Melas and
Preconstruction orientation programs helped
immensely in increasing the willing
participation of the beneficiaries.
To meet the demand of building materials
and also to minimize the cost of construction,
APSHCL is encouraging the production and
usage of Cost Effective and Eco Friendly
materials by the beneficiaries. 88 Nirmithi
Kendras/ Sub Nirmithi Kendras were
established all over the State on spreading the
use of such materials and technologies. So
far, Rs.412.60 Lakhs worth of building
components such as Sand Cement Blocks,
Fal- G Blocks, Pre-Cast door and Window
frames, Cement Jallies, RCC Rafters etc.,
have been produced and utilized for the
housing program.
Under Weaker Section Housing Program,
since inception till the end of September
2009, 91,73,067 houses have been completed
comprising of 84,36,505 in rural area and
7,36,562 in urban areas. Year wise
162
 achievements upto September 2009 are given
in Annexure 8.14.
Rajiv Swagruha:
Government of Andhra Pradesh embarked
upon a unique and ‘affordable housing’
scheme called “Rajiv Swagruha” for
moderate income groups in the urban area of
the State in the year 2007. The project is
demand driven and self financed. It provides
an ‘enabling environment’ for fulfilling the
shortage of appropriate housing to the needy.
The mandate of the state government is to
provide the houses at cost 25% less than the
prevailing local market.
Rajiv Swagruha Corporation Limited is
incorporated as a ‘special purpose vehicle’
for implementing the scheme
Demand Assessment:
A Demand survey was conducted to assess
the choice of applicant for each category of
flats/houses during March - April’07 and
1.75 lakh applications in 98 Municipalities
were qualified for construction. Initially, the
‘tentative cost’ is notified. The final cost is
calculated at the finishing stage of the
project.
Progress:
The construction of housing programme
under Rajiv Swagruha is under progress.
Projects were prepared for construction of
85,961 houses/flats; out of which projects
have been awarded and grounded for
construction of 49,353 units upto September
2009. Construction of 1,140 flats at
Chandanagar, Hyderabad has been
completed.
***
RURAL WATER SUPPLY AND
SANITATION
8.19 The Government is determined to solve the
drinking water problem in rural areas with
the following objectives -
• Delivery of safe, potable drinking water
to all rural people.
• Safe water to fluoride, brackish and other
polluted habitations.
• Upgradation of all habitations to fully
covered status.
• Proper sanitation facilities to all
habitations.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
The funds for implementing schemes / works
meant for providing drinking water facilities
and sanitation facilities to the habitations are
allocated under various programmes of State
and Central Government such as ARWSP,
SMP, DDP, TFC, Ambedkar Jeevan
Dhara(AJD), Rajiv Pallebata, Sector
Reforms, Swajaladhara and other external
agencies as well. Funds are being tapped in
the form of loans from NABARD, HUDCO
also.
Infrastructure Created
There are 3,26,506 hand pumps, 47,839 PWS
Schemes and 476 CPWS Schemes (incl. SSP
Schemes) existing as on 01.04.2009.
Rural Water Supply: Ongoing program
During the year 2009-10, 13,375
(13016+259) works are on hand with a cost
of Rs.3019.75 Crores to cover 9,513
habitations. So far, Rs.332.14 Crores was
spent covering 5,558 habitations. The
balance works are in progress.
Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC)
The TSC projects are sanctioned in 22
districts in the State in a phased manner from
1999-2000 to 2006 by GOI with matching
share from State Govt. beneficiaries and
panchayats. The programme is sanctioned
with a target of 67,18,607 Individual Sanitary
Latrines (ISLs) to be constructed in rural
areas for BPL families, 1,14,871 School
toilets and 15,645 Anganwadi toilets. Against
whch, 39,39,689 ISLs, 96,823 School
Toilets, and 4,789 Anganwadi toilets have
been constructed upto March, 2009.
Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC)
emphasizes more on information, education
and communication (IEC), human resource
development, and capacity development
activities to increase awareness and demand
generation for sanitation facilities.
State Government have taken up massive
programme by providing matching share for
the amounts released by the GOI.
During 2009-10, so far, 98,048 ISLs, 1795
School toilets and 632 Anganwadi toilets
have been constructed so far as against the
targeted 8,44,535 ISLs, 19,167 school toilets
and 10,873 Anganwadi toilets.
***
163
 PUBLIC HEALTH AND
MUNICIPAL ENGINEERING
8.20 An independent department of Public
Health and Municipal Engineering and a
separate service called Public Health and
Municipal Engineering Service were
constituted in June 1960.
Urban Water Supply and Sanitation
Public Health and Municipal Engineering
Department is incharge of Investigation,
Design, preparation of Estimates and Plans
and execution of Water Supply and Sewerage
Schemes in all 110 Municipalities and 12
Municipal Corporations (excluding Greater
Hyderabad Municipal Corporation,
Vijayawada Municipal Corporation and
Greater Visakhapatnam Municipal
corporation.)
Water Supply Improvement Schemes are
being taken up in Urban Local bodies from
time to time to improve per capita water
supply on par with National Standards. In
addition to the above, the technical control
over all engineering works is done by
Engineer-in-Chief (PH). The operation and
maintenance of Water Supply and Sewerage
Schemes is being attended by the respective
Municipalities and Municipal Corporations.
Status of Water Supply:
As per the standards stipulated in Central
Public Health Engineering Environmental
Organization (CPHEEO) manual, the rate of
drinking water supply to be maintained is as
follows:
• Town with Under Ground Drainage –
135 lpcd
• Town without Under Ground Drainage
– 70 lpcd
The State Government has given top priority
to provide protected drinking water to all
urban local bodies by strengthening the
existing infrastructure and service levels.
During last five years, 54 water supply
schemes with an estimated cost of Rs.508.17
crores were completed adding 365 MLD of
water, raising the installed capacity from 934
MLD to 1,299 MLD and thereby the average
water supply was raised from 63LPCD to
85LPCD.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
During 2009-10, 12 water supply schemes
were completed and commissioned so far,
under plan, UIDSSMT and HUDCO grants,
duly adding 129.03 MLD of water at a cost
of Rs.161.27 crores.
After commissioning of the above Water
Supply Schemes, the water supply scenario
in the State is as follows:
The normal daily water supplies in various
Urban Local Bodies are varying from 65
LPCD to 100 LPCD and water supply is
regulated as detailed below.
Daily - 81
Alternate Days - 30
Once in three days - 8
Once in four days and above - 3
• A total of 34,293 Nos. bore wells are
existing (Power and Hand bores) in 122
Urban local bodies. 33,119 Nos. are
functioning.
• At Present 901 Nos. of tankers are
making 4,119 Nos. of trips per day to un-
served areas in 122 Urban Local Bodies.
Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban
Renewal Mission (JNNURM):
Government of India has launched the
JNNURM in the year 2005-06 with a
budgetary provision of Rs.50,000 crores for a
period of seven years, the mission will
initially cover about 60 cities and provide
grant assistance to them for specified
activities.
UIDSSMT (Urban Infrastructure Develop-
ment Scheme for Small and Medium Towns)
Scheme is a component of JNNURM
Programme launched with an aim to provide
Urban Infrastructure in the Sector of Water
Supply, Under Ground Drainage, Storm
Water Drains, Solid Waste Management and
Transportation in Non-mission Urban local
bodies (ULBs) in a planned manner.
The scheme applies to all ULBs in the state
excluding mission Cities i.e., Hyderabad,
Vijayawada and Visakhapatnam.
The funding pattern is in the ratio of
80:10:10 between Government of India,
Government of Andhra Pradesh and ULB.
Schemes under Implementation:
164
Urban Infrastructure Development
Scheme for Small and Medium Towns
(UIDSSMT):
98 projects costing Rs.3399.35 Crores have
been cleared so far, in various SLSCs
covering 76 ULB’s. The funding pattern is
80 % and 10 % grant by Central Government
and State Government respectively and the
balance 10% and inadmissible component
could be raised by the ULB/ nodal/
implementing agencies from the financial
institutions. In our state, the ULB share is
being borne by the State Govt.
Out of 98 projects sanctioned, 68 are under
water sector costing Rs.2268.22 Crores, 12
are under Sewerage sector costing Rs.625.86
Crores, 13 are under Storm Water costing
Rs.374.40 Crores, 4 are under Roads costing
Rs.127.00 Crores and 1 under Solid Waste
costing Rs.3.87 Crores. So far, GOI has
released funds in respect of 84 Projects and 2
projects converted into UIandG. Out of these
98 projects, 12 Projects of water supply and 2
Projects of SWD and 1 project of UGD and 1
project of road are completed and the
remaining projects are in progress.
Integrated Housing and Slum
Development Programme ( IHSDP):
43 projects costing Rs.480.39 Crores have
been sanctioned covering 41ULB’s with a
funding pattern of 80:10:10 between Central
Government, State Government and ULB.
Out of 43 Projects, execution of 30 Projects
costing Rs.409.86 Crores has been entrusted.
27 projects are in progress and the balance 3
projects are at tender stage.
HUDCO and Plan Schemes:
15 Nos. of schemes are under progress with
HUDCO loan (14 WS and 1 UGD) at a cost
of Rs 542.83 Crores. Out of these,1 water
supply scheme and 1 UGD are completed
and the balance schemes are in progress.
13 Projects are taken up with Plan grants (10
WS, 1 UGD, 1 SWD, 1 Traffic and
Transportation) at a cost of Rs 276.63Crores
with an MLD of 57.35. Out of these, 3 water
supply schemes are completed and the
balance schemes are in progress.
By March 2011, the balance 56 water supply
schemes costing Rs.2079.26 crores under
UIDSSMT, and 11 water supply schemes
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
costing Rs.446.79 crores under HUDCO, and
7 water supply schemes costing Rs.117.80
crores are targeted to be completed, duly
adding 846 MLD. By completing all the
above said schemes, the installed capacity
will be raised from 1299 MLD to 2274 MLD
and thereby the average water supply will be
raised from 85 LPCD to 153 LPCD.
Under Ground Drainage Schemes:
Presently only one town, Tirupathi is fully
covered with under ground drainage system
in the ongoing schemes. Eluru, Rajamundry,
Guntur, Nellore and Tenali are covered about
10% to 20%. Works of under ground
drainage system are in progress in Tadipatri
and Pulivendula towns.
UIDSSMT- under ground drainage
Three under ground drainage schemes for
Municipal Corporations are sanctioned at an
estimated amount of Rs.243.11 Crores by
GOI for 1.Karimnagar 2.Kadapa 3.Nizambad
and works are awarded to agencies and
works are under progress. Another three
under ground drainage schemes, other than
Municipal Corporations, are sanctioned at an
estimated amount of Rs.133.30 Crores by
GOI for Nalgonda, Miryalaguda and
Narsaraopet municipalities and works are
under progress.
Another Six Under ground drainage schemes
are sanctioned at an estimated cost of
Rs.249.45Crores for which GOI Releases are
awaited for Tirupati, Proddutur,
Yemmiganur, Nandyal, Tadepalligudem and
Nagari ETP.By March 2011, the balance 12
UGD schemes costing Rs.675.86 crores
under UIDSSMT and 1 UGD scheme costing
Rs.78.38 crores under Plan are targeted to be
completed.
***
MUNICIPAL ADMINISTRATION
AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT
8.21 Urban Sanitation- Door to Door Garbage
Collection:
There are 124 urban Local bodies i.e., 110
Municipalities and 14 Corporations in the
state, except Greater Hyderabad Municipal
Corporation (GHMC). The total garbage
generated is 8,701 MTD and the garbage
lifted is 8,178 MTD (94%). About 92% of
165
the 32,50,857 households in these ULBs
were covered. The length of drains cleaned is
21,381.22 Kms against total drains length of
23,240.46 Kms.(92%). The length of roads
swept is 18,627.57 Kms as against the total
roads of 19,816.57 Kms length (94%).
Municipal Solid Waste Management
The 12th Finance Commission has
recommended allocation of Rs 374.00 crores
to the State during the years 2005-10. The
Government of Andhra Pradesh have taken a
decision to utilize the entire amount for
implementation of Solid Waste Management
in the ULBs and an amount of Rs.337.18
lakhs was released to the ULBs so far. The
emphasis is mainly on acquisition of land for
compost yards. Government decided to
utilize TFC grants for acquisition of Land for
the purpose of compost yards in the State on
need basis.
The following is the status of availability of
land in the ULBs.
• No. of ULBs having no land - 16
• No. of ULBs having partial land
(below 10 acres) - 86
• No.of ULBs having adequate land - 22
(more than 15 acres)
Instructions were already issued to the
Municipal Commissioners to purchase land
where no/inadequate land is available for
composting as per norms.
Progress on Waste to Energy Projects:
All Urban Local Bodies are grouped into 19
clusters for management of Municipal Solid
Waste in Urban Local Bodies. Approvals
have been accorded to 5 Waste to Energy
projects after the recommendations of the
Technical Committee and State Level
Official Committee covering 62 ULBs in 5
clusters.
Rajiv Nagara Bata (RNB)
An innovative program called “Rajiv Nagara
Bata” (RNB) had been launched from 9th
January 2005 in all the Urban Local Bodies
with the following objectives:
• Provision of adequate water, drainage
system, street lighting, roads etc., with an
emphasis on basic infrastructure in areas
inhabited by the poor people.
• Ration cards to households to all eligible
people below poverty line.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
• Providing houses to eligible houseless
under permanent Housing/VAMBAY
schemes.
• Providing minimal infrastructure in
community and religious institutions like
temples mosques, churches etc.
• Creating sufficient employment
opportunities through building of required
skills.
Under the program, a total 748 assurances
have come up with a cost of Rs.4,296.16
crores, of these 618 assurances have been
redressed with an amount of Rs.3,021.56
crores.
INDIRAMMA in Municipal Areas
The scheme is aimed to develop all the wards
in the Municipal Area over a period of three
years by saturating them with identified basic
infrastructure facilities and welfare measures
in a focused and time bound manner.
Government have notified that 1,270 wards
in the 1st phase, 1,380 wards in the 2nd phase
and 1,279 wards in 3rd phase are to be
covered under this programme.
Pensions
The old age, widow, weaver and disabled
persons are assisted by way of pensions. In
the 1st phase 1,95,141 pensioners, in the 2nd
phase 2,56,747 and in the third phase
1,94,868 pensioners have been assisted under
INDIRAMMA Programme.
Mission for Elimination of Poverty in
Municipal Areas (MEPMA) (IKP-
URBAN)
The poor in urban areas are organized into
Self Help Groups and they are brought
together into Slum Level Federations at slum
level and in to Town Level Federations at
town level. There are 21.78 lakh women in
1,98,019 self help groups in the 125 urban
local bodies. 90 % of the urban poor living in
7,447 slums in the state are organized into
SHGs.
Upto December 2009, 5,797 Slum Level
Federations and 17 Town Level Federations
have come into existence.
MEPMA is taking up placement linked skill
development training under the training
component of SJSRY/RUS. During 2009-10,
(upto December,09) 2,108 urban youth
166
 persons were trained, of which, 1,163 got
placements. Another 12,082 persons are
undergoing trainings.
Under urban self employment programme
5,381 units were sanctioned for setting up of
gainful self employment ventures/micro
enterprises upto December,09.
SHG Bank linkage- Pavala Vaddi Sheme
The government is facilitating loans from
Institutional sources to SHGs @ 3% interest
rate under pavala vaddi scheme. During
2009-10, Rs.683.91 crores bank loans were
given to 64,875 SHGs. Under pavala vaddi
scheme, Rs.1.84 crores was provided upto
December,09.
Disability intervention
IKP urban has adopted a participatory
approach to support the persons with
disabilities in all local bodies by building
their capacitites to improve life skills and self
esteem. 0.65 lakh persons with disabilities
are organised into 10,175 exclusive SHGs
and they are federated into 96 Town
Vikalangula Samakhyas. 97 Parent
Associations for mentally retarded also
formed during this year.
Under Dr.Y.S.R Abhayahastam /
Insurance Scheme, 12,252 eligible
pensioners were provided with pensions for
the month November, 2009.
MEPMA has takenup various other new
initiatives like Rickshaw Bandhu for
Rickshaw pullers, AASARA for the senior
citizens, conducting street vendors survey,
and slum survey(profiling) etc. in all the
urban local bodies.
***
HYDERABAD METROPOLITAN
DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY
8.22 The Hyderabad Metropolitan Development
Authority (HMDA) was constituted on
24.8.2008 (previously known as HUDA) for
the purpose of planning, co-ordination,
supervising, promoting and securing planned
development of the Hyderabad Metropolitan
Region. The important development
programmes implemented are:
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
1. P.V.N.R. Elevated Expressway:
The Project has been taken up to provide
express connectivity to the International
Airport at Shamshabad.
The project consists of:
a) ‘Elevated Expressway’ from Sarojinidevi
Eye Hospital to Aramghar Junction on
NH 7 via Retibowli and Inner Ring Road.
It is a Four-lane elevated divided
carriageway of 2 lanes on either side. The
total length of the elevated portion is
11.633 Km.
b) An ‘underpass’ to NH at Aramgarh
junction to facilitate traffic from and to
elevated corridor towards Chandrayana
gutta and Vijayawada highway.
c) A ‘trumpet interchange’ at Shamshabad to
facilitate easy access to the International
Airport on NH - 7. It’s a four lane
carriage way.
d) Along with the Elevated Expressway it is
also proposed for Upgradation and
Widening of existing four –lane
carriageway of Inner Ring Road from
Retibowli Jn to Aramgarh Jn to Six-lane
carriageway to a total length 8.70 Km
along with necessary improvements of
Junctions.
The estimated cost of works is Rs. 450
Crores. The overall project cost is Rs. 600
Crores including Land Acquisition, Shifting
of utilities, environmental management plan
etc.
The project is taken up on EPC Basis. Period
of completion is 26 months. The work was
entrusted to at a cost of Rs 439 Crores. The
work was commenced on 1-9-2006.
Status as on 30-09-2009:
• Trumpet Interchange on NH7 at Airport Jn.
- Completed and opened to traffic on 15-
09-2008.
• Under Pass on NH7 at Aramghar Jn.
- Completed and opened to traffic on 7-2-
2009.
• Expressway - Completed expect certain
finishing Works.
2. Flyover at Lungerhouse Junction:
167
To tackle the heavy traffic congestion at
Lungerhouse Junction on Hyderabad
Chevella Road, it is proposed to construct a
flyover at a cost of Rs.17 Crores. The
foundation stone for the project was laid on
1st January 2007.
Salient features of the Flyover:
• Proposed flyover alignment - along the
direction from Nanal Nagar chowk to Bapu
Ghat.
• Total Length of the flyover is 695 mts.
Carriage Way – Four lane divided
carriageway (two lane each direction).
Width of the proposed flyover – 15 mts
(O/S of Crash barrier)
• Tenders called on EPC basis and work is
let out in January 2007.
Status as on 30-09-2009:
• 75% of work completed.
• The balnce work is in active progress and
programmed to be completed before
March, 2010.
3. Development and construction of Bus
Terminus and Business Center at Old
Gandhi Hospital Site, Secunderabad
The Government have issued instructions to
develop and construct the Bus Terminus cum
Business Center in an area of 11 acres at old
Gandhi Hospital site, Secunderabad. The
HMDA has prepared the conceptional plans
by engaging Consultants. The proposal
consists of 3 basement floors ground and 23
upper floors for parking 4 wheelers, 2
wheelers Bus Terminus, Business Centers,
Restaurant and food court and also
accommodations for railways and APSRTC
offices with access to bus terminus from
MRTS through foot-over-bridges. The
estimated project cost is revised to Rs. 600
Crores.
Status
• M/s STUP Consultants and M/s Capital
Fortunes are the Technical and Financial
consultants (respectively) for the Project.
• Tenders were invited on BOT basis and
there is no response.
• Financial Restructuring of the Project is
on the way.
4. ROB on Spinal Road at Kukatpally:
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
The Spinal Road connecting NH-9 to
Madhapur area is completed by HMDA. The
construction of ROB on Spinal Road at
Kukatpally near MMTS Station is taken up.
4-lane divided carriageway with 910 mts
length and 21.5 mts Width and the estimated
cost is Rs. 25 Crores. The foundation stone
for ROB was laid in December 2006. An
Agreement was concluded with M/s IJM
Infrastructures Ltd
Status as on 30-09-2009.
• 45% work of substructure and
superstructure completed.
• Expected Date of Completion August 2010.
5. Stadium cum Sports Complex at
Katedhan:
HMDA proposed to take up mini stadia in
the surrounding municipalities of erstwhile
MCH Area to promote sports and
recreational activities. Initially one sports
complex is proposed at Katedhan.
Status as on 30-09-2009:
Administrative Sanction for an amount of Rs.
7.50 Crores was issued for Katedhan sports
complex. The sports complex is planned with
the following features - Basketball, Hand
ball, Volley ball and tennis courts and Indoor
stadium. All works except Indoor Stadium
are nearing completion.
Hussain Sagar Lake and Catchment Area
Improvement Project funded by Japan
International Cooperation Agency
formerly JBIC
Hussain Sagar Lake and Catchment Area
Improvement Project covers aspects of
improvement of lake water quality by
preventing pollutants entering into the lake,
catchment area improvement and
construction of additional STP, ugradation of
existing STP, dredging the contaminated
sediments of the lake bed and increasing the
eco-tourism potentiality.
The project cost is Rs. 370 Crores, of which
JICA is funding Rs. 310 Crores as a soft
loan. The Government of India and JBIC
have entered into an agreement on 31-3-2006
for Rs. 310 Crores for “Hussain Sagar Lake
and Catchment Area Improvement Project”.
The Project period is 2006-2012.
Project Progress:
M/s. NJS Consultants of Japan were
168
appointed as Project Management
Consultants for preparation of DPRs and
construction and supervision of the Project.
The works of construction of 30 Mld STP at
Picket Nala, 5 Mld STP at Rangadhamuni
Cheruvu, upgradation of 20 Mld STP at
Balkapur Nala are in progress.
The shoreline improvement activity under
Shore Area Development is in progress.
I&D works at Picket Nalla, Balkapur Nalla,
Fatehnagar, Prakash Nagar and Necklace
Road at Kukatpally Nalla all under
construction.
1600mm dia RCC Ring Main from
Kukatpally Nala at Necklace Road to Buddha
Bhavan, 1600mm RCC Pipe Jacking at Boats
Club, Trunk Main and diversion weir at
Rangadhamuni Lake (IDL), 1400mm RCC
Bala Nagar Main all in progress.
Dredging pre-qualification in progress.
Repair of Surplus Weir – under review.
Installation of Aeration Equipment – review
of techniques in progress
Shoreline Improvement – in progress e.g
Khairatabad Flyover, proposed Ecopark
opposite KIMS, Sanjeevaiah Park to Boats
Club shore improvement works
Nalla Improvement – in progress e.g walls
constructed along nallas
Public awareness and Community
development activities are under progress
through 5 NGO Groups in 22 lake
surrounding colonies.
Urban Greening Programme:
During 2009-10, HMDA proposed urban
greening activities under Government Vacant
Lands, Greenbelts along road margins and
homestead planting components with the
financial outlay of Rs. 1725 Lakhs.
The prime objectives of the urban greening
programme are:
Greening the HMDA area to reduce air, noise
and water pollution.
Conversion of unproductive lands into
greenery to provide gainful employment to
rural poor especially women.
Income generation for the women through
Nursery raising activity.
HMDA Nurseries:
HMDA caters to the environment
upgradation of Hyderabad Metropolitan
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
Development Area by developing and
supplying various types of seedlings for
multiple urban uses like ornamental plants,
shade bearing plants, fruit bearing plants,
fodder and fuel needs of the urban and peri
urban population. It is proposed to raise 5.00
Lakh seedlings with 40 varieties of species
during 2009-10 in 11 central nurseries by the
Urban Forestry wing all around HMA area.
Outer Ring Road Project - Status
Government of Andhra Pradesh have taken
up major infrastructure facilities in
Hyderabad City and one among them is
construction of Outer Ring Road. The 158
Km long Outer Ring Road passes through
Patancheru (on NH-9) – Kandlakoi near
Medchal (on NH-4) – Shamirpet (on Rajiv
Rahadari) – Ghatkesar (on NH-202) – Pedda
Amberpet (on NH-9) – Shamshabad (on NH-
7) – Patancheru (on NH-9) providing
connectivity to various National Highways,
State Highways and MDRs. The ORR is
being taken up as an eight lane access
controlled expressway with a design speed of
120 KMPH. In addition, 2-lane service roads
on either side are being provided. The entire
project is being implemented in 3 phases.
Phase-I - From Gachibowli to Shamshabad-
24.38 Km. The works are taken up in
contract packages at an estimated cost of
Rs.699 crores and works commenced in July
2006. 4-lane of ORR is completed and the
stretch opened for traffic during November,
2008. The phase-I works are expected to be
completed by June, 2010. The progress of
work by the end of December, 2009 is
Rs.317.27 crores on both the packages.
Phase-IIA: From Narsingi to Patancheru and
Shamshabad to Pedda Amberpet of length
62.30Km is divided into 5 contract packages.
These works (with an estimated cost of Rs.
2439 Crores) are taken up on BOT
(Annuity). Works are commenced on
December, 2007 and are expected to be
completed as per schedule (i.e.) by June,
2010. The progress of work by the end of
Dec. 2009 is Rs. 1251.36 Crores on all the 5
Packages.
Phase-IIB: From Patancheru to Pedda
Amberpet via Kandlakoi, Shamirpet,
Ghatkesar of length 71.30 Km is divided into
169
 6 contract packages. The estimated cost is
Rs.3,558 Crores and are being taken up with
the loan assistance of JICA. The 3 Packages
works from Patancheru to Shamirpet were
commenced in June, 2009 and to be
completed by November, 2011. An amount
of Rs.104.93 Crores is spent on all the 3
Packages by the end of Dec’ 2009.
Procurement for the balance 3 Contract
Packages and Supervision Consultancy
Contract in the stretch from Shamirpet to
Pedda Amberpet has been initiated and is in
progress.
***
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
8.23 Rural Development was a part of Forest
and Rural Development Department prior to
1985. Rural Development wing from the
Secretariat has been transferred to the
Commissionerate of Panchayat Raj and Rural
Development in October,1985 for effective
implementation of various rural development
programmes. A separate Commissioner of
Rural Development was posted as Head of
the Rural Development department in the
year 1994, de-linking it from the Panchayat
Raj wing. The department had two major
wings namely DPAP and Wage Employment
and SHGs wing. The Commissionerate of
Rural Development was further bifurcated in
the year 2001, into a)Commissionerate of
Rural Development and b) Commissionerate
of Women Empowerment and Self
Employment. The Women Empowerment
and Self Employment wing was again
merged with the Commissionerate of Rural
Development in 2005.
At the district level, the District Rural
Development Agencies (DRDAs) are
implementing the programmes of Rural
Development sponsored by Government of
India under the administrative control of the
Commissioner, Rural Development.
A separate Project Directorate was
sanctioned in 1991 for implementing
Watershed and Wage Employment
Programmes for Ananthapur district.
Subsequently, Project Directorates were
created in the 11 DPAP districts taking into
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
account the work load involved in watershed
and wage employment programmes.
The Government have constituted a Water
Conservation Mission (WCM) with the
Commissioner, Rural Development as the
Chief Executive Officer (CEO) in the year
2000. Under the Water Conservation
Mission, large scale water conservation /
water harvesting activities were taken up in
all the 22 rural districts. While implementing
these activities a need was felt to have
separate wing for water management in the
10 non-DPAP districts also. Towards this,
separate establishment for water management
and wage employment at district level was
created in 2001. For the sake of uniformity
all the projects handling watersheds and
wage employment programmes have been re-
designated as District Water Management
Agencies (DWMAs). The DWMAs are
implementing both DPAP and Wage
Employment programmes .
50% of our lands are degraded and nearly
30% of our people are poor (below poverty
line). With proper planning, scientific
approach and efficient management it is
possible to increase the productivity of
degraded lands, while creating huge
employment opportunities for the poor. It is
now firmly believed that the development of
degraded lands is an important input required
for eradication of poverty.
Towards this direction following
programmes are being implemented by office
of Commissioner, Rural development.
1. Watersheds Development Programmes
(DPAP, DDP, IWDP)
2. Comprehensive Land Development
Programmes (Indira prabha under RIDF
IX, X XIII),
3. Wage Employment Programmes
(NREGS-AP)
All the three programmes are being
implemented and monitored through the
software solution RAGAS (Rashtra
Grameena Abhivridhi Samacharam). The
entire data is every day uploaded into central
server and the reports are visible in
respective websites, thus bringing in
transparency and accountability to these
programmes.
170
 supported by DFD provided the necessary
Watershed Development Programmes learnings on providing sustainable
In order to combat the recurring drought livelihoods to the rural poor. The GoI had
conditions in the state, Watershed issued comprehensive Guidelines on
Development Programmes are being Watershed Development Projects in 1995
implemented under centrally sponsored and revised them from time to time. In 2003-
DPAP, DDP and IWDP schemes. Watershed 04, Hariyali guidelines were issued by GoI to
programmes are concentrated only in rainfed provide more role for the Gram Panchayats.
areas which have undulating terrain and are In 2008, GOI have issued New Common
prone for degradation of soil (soil erosion). guidelines for Watershed Development
These areas are generally characterized by Projects bringing all schemes under one
very poor groundwater profile. umbrella and providing for cluster approach
A series of structures like sunken pits, wherein contiguous areas upto 5,000 ha. will
rockfill dams, percolation tanks, check dams, be taken up for treatment. So far, 9,301
farm ponds, earthen bunding vegetative Watersheds covering an area of 46.50 Lakh
barriers, plantations etc., are constructed to have been sanctioned, of which, 4,741
reduce the velocity of water and allow Watersheds with an area of 23.70 lakhs are
percolation. They also control soil erosion completed. These watersheds include
and improve vegetative cover on the land so sanctioned under other programmes like
as to augment productivity. Status of EAS, APRLP and APHM etc. Presently, the
watershed development is shown in following schemes are under implementation.
Table.8.25.
Drought Prone Area Programme –
Table 8.25 (DPAP/DDP)
Progress of Watersheds This is a centrally sponsored scheme funded
(Numbers)
by Central and State on 50:50 basis upto IVth
Sanctioned Comple Under
Scheme batch i.e., 1998-99 and 75:25 cost sharing
ted progress
DPAP 4,242 1,608 2,634 basis from 1999-2000 onwards. It is aimed at
DDP 1,054 206 848 developing the drought prone areas with an
IWDP 1,499 421 1,078 objective of drought proofing by taking up
Others soil and moisture conservation, water
(EAS, APRLP, 2,506 2,506 -
APHM) harvesting structures, afforestation and
Total 9,301 4,741 4,560 horticulture programmes on a comprehensive
Source: Rural Development Department micro watershed basis. DPAP scheme is
being implemented in 94 DPAP Blocks of 11
districts and Desert Development Programme
Integrated Natural Resources Management,
(DDP) is being implemented in 16 Blocks of
following the ‘ridge-to-valley’ approach in
Ananthapur District since 1995-96.
selected micro watersheds of approximately
500 ha. area, with total participation of the Integrated Waste Land Development
local community is the main objective of the Programme (IWDP)
Watershed Development Programme. Soil Rapid depletion of green cover and vast
and Moisture Conservation, Water stretches of marginal lands lying fallow,
Harvesting, Ground Water Recharge, found to be causing enormous ecological
Improvement of vegetation and Bio-mass, imbalance and productivity is also negligent
Wasteland Development etc., are the main on account of soil erosion and
components of Watershed Development marginalization of lands. To arrest this,
Programmes. Apart from these, the massive integrated wasteland development
promotion of Watershed based livelihoods project was under taken during 1992 with
for the resource poor is also included as one 100% central assistance. The programme of
important component since 2004, after the dry land development in A.P. under went a
Andhra Pradesh Rural Livelihoods Project major change from 1995-96 with the

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 171

introduction of new watershed guidelines.
IWDP is implemented in non-DPAP blocks
of DPAP districts and in all non-DPAP
districts. The Government of India has
communicated new guidelines called
Hariyali, is implemented in the watersheds
during the year 2003-04.The area is treated
with soil and moisture conservation works,
water harvesting structures, afforestation
from ridge to valley concept.
A total of 83 (1078 watersheds) ongoing
projects are under implementation to treat an
area of 5.38 lakh Ha. So far, 4.79 lakh Ha
area has been treated out of the total area of
7.45 lakh Ha under IWDP in A.P.
Indira Prabha : Comprehensive Land
Development Project (CLDP)
Objective of the Scheme: The main
objective of the scheme is to provide an
Integrated and Comprehensive Livelihood
options centered and development of
compact blocks of assigned land owned by
poor SC, ST, BC and Others. A minimum of
50% of physical and financial benefits would
go in favour of SCs and 10% for STs. The
Project was launched in November 2004.
An amount of Rs.599.18 crores has been
sanctioned under RIDF-IX, X and XIII
Projects covering an area of 5.28 lakh acres
belonging to 3.54 lakh families. RIDF-IX
and RIDF-X were launched in November
2004 and RIDF-XIII was launched in
October 2007.
RIDF-IX: NABARD has sanctioned 827
Projects with financial outlay of Rs.200.31
crores and so far an expenditure of Rs.160.41
crores has been incurred.
RIDF-X: NABARD has sanctioned 836
Projects with financial outlay of Rs.248.60
crores and so far an expenditure of Rs.165.30
crores has been incurred.
RIDF –XIII: NABARD has sanctioned 22
projects, one in each district, with a financial
outlay of Rs. 150.26 crores and so far, an
expenditure of Rs. 51.48 crores has been
incurred.
Government released an amount of
Rs.445.88 crores so far under RIDF(IX,X
and XIII) and an amount of Rs.377.19 crores
has been spent as on 30.09.2009 and 3.51
lakh acres has been developed.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
National Rural Employment Guarantee
Scheme (NREGS as on 9-10-2009)
National Rural Employment Guarantee Act
gives legal guarantee of providing at least
100 days of wage employment to rural
households whose adult members are willing
to do unskilled manual labour. This Scheme
is implemented in 22 districts of Andhra
Pradesh, 13 districts in Phase I, 6 districts in
Phase II and 3 districts in Phase III (except in
Hyderabadad)
First time in the history of the country, this
Act gives entitlement to every rural
household to demand for wage employment.
It is State government’s responsibility to
provide 100 days of employment to each
household. The Act also gives entitlements
like worksite facilities such as safe drinking
water, shade at worksite, crèche for the
children under five years etc., Under this Act,
if an applicant for employment under the
scheme is not provided such employment
with the receipt of application within 15 days
he shall be entitled to a daily unemployment
allowance. The rate of unemployment
allowance shall be ¼ of the wage rate for the
first 30 days and half-of-the wage rate for the
remaining entitled period of the financial
year.
The program has been grounded in AP on a
strong footing with the following non-
negotiables.
 Contractors and labour displacing
machinery shall not be engaged.
 Every registered rural household shall be
provided not less than 100 days of wage
employment in a financial year.
 Payment of wages shall be made at least
once in a fortnight.
 Equal wages shall be paid to men and
women. Works approved by the
Grampanchayat (identified in the Gram
Sabha) at village level, Mandal Parishad
at Mandal Level and Zilla Parishad at
District level, only shall be taken up.
Best Practices - MIS:
• Total program is being run through a
specially designed software to make the
system more accountable and transparent.
This helped to minimize corruption and
172
 to minimize the time taken for various
processes.
• Pay slips are generated in Computer and
distributed to the labour at their door
steps. Pay slips carry information about
the amount of wages deposited in the
accounts of labour
• Entire information about Job card
holders, works, muster rolls, expenditure,
and progress are put in public domain
through website nrega.ap.gov.in.
• The above information can be accessed at
District, Mandal, Village and household
level.
Social Audit:
Andhra Pradesh is the only State which
established a full-fledged Social Audit Unit
at the State level with exclusive Staff. The
Unit works independently and reports to
Government. So far, Social Audit has been
completed in 27,256 Gram Panchayats,
covering 960 mandals in 22 Districts in the
1st round, 364 mandals in 2nd round and 20
mandals in 3rd round. This is an effective tool
to check corruption and to enhance the
accountability to people. So far, more than
2,550 functionaries have been removed from
services or disciplinary actions have been
initiated. Rs.4.32 crores has been recovered
from erring officials.
Rural Standard Schedule of Rates
(RSSR):
• Rural Standard Schedule of Rates has
been prepared by conducting work time
motion studies. This is an initiative first
of its kind in rural development which
ensured earning of minimum wage by
workers.
• 30% extra wages are being allowed in
summer season keeping in view the
increased fatigue levels of the labour due
to high temperature.
• 30% allowance is also paid to disabled
group through out the year. The
additional allowance is to compensate
decreased output due to disability.
Wage Payments through Post Office
Accounts
To avoid middlemen and to make the
payments directly to the labourers, wage
payments are being made through individual
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
Post Office Accounts. So far, 1.26 Crore
individual accounts are opened.
Major initiatives towards livelihood
security under NREGS-AP:
1. Indiramma Cheruvulu - Comprehensive
restoration of MI tanks: 18,131 tanks are
taken up with an estimated cost of Rs. 1,778
crores. Out of which, 15,961 tanks are in
progress. So far, Rs 1,673.24 crores
(including desiltation) has been spent. 8,216
tanks are restored, stabilizing 9.3 lakh acres.
2. Horticulture: Horticulture is taken up on
the lands of the poor in 3.91 Lakh acres at an
estimated cost of Rs.800 Crores. Ongoing
SHM and APMIP projects are converged in
this initiative.
3. Land Development: An extent of 5.96
Lakh acres land lying fallow belonging to
SC/ST/ BPL families have been developed.
Activities like Land Leveling, silt
application, clearance of bushes, deep
ploughing etc. are taken up.
Awards
The NREGS-AP software and website have
been recognized as one of the best ICT
solution in the Country and world wide. So
far, ICT solution of NREGS –AP has won
the following awards.
i. Award for Excellence in e-governance
2006
ii. Manthan award for best e content website
2007
iii. Bronze Medal in National e-governance
awards for government website 2007-
2008
iv. Special mention at “Stockholm Challenge
Award – 2008” on 22-05-08 for its
excellence in the use of Information
Technology.
v. Finalist in Stockholm GKP awards 2007.
vi. Runner up in Thailand egov. awards
2007.
Smart Card
It is a pilot initiative to make payments of
Government benefits to the beneficiaries
through Smartcards which are backed by
bank accounts. The overall objectives of the
initiatives are:
i. Provide a operational frame work for
increasing the outreach of main stream
173
 banking and financial services to the 18,131
No. of minor irrigation
poorest of the poor by using technology tanks(Indiramma
based solutions. Cheruvulu) taken up
ii. Ensure efficient and timely transfer of
govt. benefits to the poor. Estimated amount of 1,778
iii. Minimize the possibility of fraudulent MI Tanks (Rs. Crores)
payments.
iv. Ultimately to achieve Total Financial No. of Indiramma 8216
Cheruvulu completed
Inclusion through Smartcards.
Details of NREGS are shown in Table 8.26. 1673.24
Expenditure on
Indiramma Cheruvu
Table 8.26 (including desiltation
Overview of NREGS and related) - Rs.
During Cumulative Crores
Item
2009-10 (upto 9-10-09)
Total No. of Job Cards Source: Rural Development Department
issued 5,81,630 1,19,08,018
Total No. of works 13,80,208 18,75,372 Andhra Pradesh Water, Land And Trees
sanctioned Act-2002(APWALTA)
Total Value of works 19,827 23,719 The government of AP promulgated the
administratively Andhra Pradesh Water, Land and Trees Act-
sanctioned (Rs. Crores)
2002 to promote water conservation, Tree
No. of Works
1,63,500 6,58,812
cover and regulate the exploitation and use of
Completed ground and surface water for protection and
Total Expenditure 2462 7566.5 conservation of water sources, land and
(Rs. Crores) environment in the entire state. The Act came
No. of Households into force with effect from 19-04-2002.For
provided wage 52,17,509 81,01,048 effective implementation of the Act,
employment
No.of Individuals provision was made for the constitution of
provided wage 94,63,337 1,50,91,905 subsidiary authorities at District and Mandal
employment levels. In view of the indiscriminate drilling
Person days generated 24.12 73.41 for bore wells, the ground water has been
( Crores)
depleting fast. Added to it, unscientific and
No. of households 6,04,884 15,63,691 reckless drilling has resulted in failure of
completed 100 days bores leading to farmers incurring heavy
Average no. of days
-
losses. Keeping this in view, the government
employment provided 46.23 of AP have suitably amended the
per household
APWALTA Act and consequently, through
Average Wage rate
85.36 comprehensive Rules-2004 have also been
per day per person - 89.05
(Rs.) brought out for effective implementation of
the Act.
No. of Mandals Social 960
Audit completed
The most important feature is introduction of
Single-Window Approach for speedy
364 clearance of the applications for new bore
2nd round Mandals
wells.

20
3rd round Mandals

No. of Gram 27,256

Panchayats Social
Audit completed

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 174

 Single-Window Approach: The farmers
desiring to drill a bore will apply to the
Village Secretary/MRO. The MRO takes the
feasibility of electricity from the
APTRANSCO and feasibility of ground
water from the Ground Water Department.
When both are feasible, the MRO gives
permission for drilling of new borewell.
Failed Borewell compensation scheme: All
farmers who obtain permission for drilling of
new agriculture borewells from the
concerned WALTA authority are covered
under this “failed Borewell Compensation
scheme”. If any bore well drilled after
securing necessary permission from the
concerned authority fails the farmer will be
eligible to get compensation up to
Rs.10,000/- All the cases will be settled by
the Project Director concerned.
Progress under APWALTA from 2005-06
to 2008-09 :
• 22.44 lakhs Agriculture Wells are
registered.
• 2,577 rigs are registered.
• 261 Geologists are empanelled.
• 9,951 applications are received
for permission of new well
sinking.
• Feasibility given for 6,837 new
agriculture wells.
• 3,449 Villages are notified as over
exploited banning drilling of new
bore wells.
• 1,076 sand mining cases are
booked.
• Rs. 62.35 lakh collected toward
penalty.
***
Poverty Alleviation and Social
Assistance Programs
8.24 Society for Elimination of Rural
Poverty(SERP):
Indira Kranthi Patham (IKP)
The main objective of Indira Kranthi Patham
is to enable all the rural poor families in 22
rural districts of Andhra Pradesh to improve
their livelihoods and quality of life. All
households below the poverty line, starting
from the poorest of the poor are the target
group of Indira Kranthi Patham.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
Institution and Human Capacity Building
The Institution and Human Capacity
Building facilitates the formation and
strengthening of self managed institutions of
the poor and helps in building social and
human capital. There are 106.61 crore Self
Help Group(SHG) members in 9.33 lakh
SHGs organized into 36,391 Village
Organizations (VOs) and 1099 Mandal
Samakhyas(MSs). The SHGs in A.P.
constitute 27.74% of all SHGs in the country.
In addition to above (MSs), there are 126
Mandal Vikalangula Sangams, 17 Chenchu
Mandal Samakhyas, 7 Fishermen Mandal
Samakhyas and 20 Yanadi Mandal Samakyas
in the State. District Federations called Zilla
Samakhyas (ZS) have come into existence in
all the 22 districts. 33,260 (93%) Village
Organisations and 1,090 (99%) Mandal
Samakhyas 15 ZSs are registered under
Andhra Pradesh Mutually Aided Co-
operative Societies Act 1995, to provide a
legal entity and status to the federations.
Micro Finance and SHG Bank Linkages
The SHG-Bank Linkages is a great success
story in A.P. 25 Commercial Banks, 16
Regional Rural Banks and more than 4,000
branches are participating in the programme.
Bank lending has dramatically increased
from Rs.197.70 crores in 2001-02 to
Rs.6,649.44 crores in 2008-09. Andhra
Pradesh leads the country in SHG-Bank
Linkage Program with 50% of all bank loans
given to SHGs in India. During the year
2009-10, SERP has facilitated Rs 2545.77
crores of bank loans to 1,78,513 SHGs up to
November, 2009 as against the target of
Rs.9,000 crores. The year-wise progress is
given in Annexure 8.15.
Financial Access and Pavala Vaddi
Incentive
To encourage the women’s groups further
and also to achieve 100% repayment, the
State Government have introduced the
PAVALA VADDI scheme, where in the
government is reimbursing the SHG
members any interest paid by the SHGs over
and above 3% per annum. This has led to
175
significant improvement in loan repayment.
Under this initiative, 4,75,164 SHGs were
given Rs. 52.67 Crores in 2004-05 and 2005-
06. 2,90,825 SHGs were given Rs.50.02
Crores during 2006-07 and 5,54,359 SHGs
were given Rs112.30 Crores during 2007-08.
During the year 2008-09, Rs. 195.31 crores
interest subsidy was given to 7,14,930
groups. During 2009-10 (up to Nov. 09), an
amount of Rs.111.00 crores is given to 4.92
lakh groups. Thus, an amount of Rs. 521.30
crores is given to 25.28 lakh SHGs
(repeated finance) as Pavala Vaddi incentive
from inception of the Scheme.
Community Investment Fund (CIF)
The CIF provides resources to the poor
women SHG members to improve their
livelihoods. This component supports the
poor in prioritizing livelihood needs by
investments in sub-projects proposed and
implemented by the Community Based
Organizations (CBOs). The cumulative CIF
expenditure up to November 2009 is Rs.
913.38 Crores and the total number of
beneficiaries are 23,68,765.
Dairy Intervention
The dairy activity is a major livelihood
opportunity for the rural poor in Andhra
Pradesh. Milk procurement activity was
taken up on pilot basis in Nizamabad and
Mahabubnagar districts during 2006-07 and
it has helped the milk producers to get better
price for milk and promoted transparency in
Milk Procurement. This also triggered
intervention in milk productivity in the
villages. Based on the success evidenced in
the pilots, the same model is replicated in 18
more districts in the state during the year
2008-09. Bulk Milk Cooling Units (BMCUs)
with a capacity of 2000 to 5000 liters to
collect and chill to the desired temperature of
40 C were established in 171 mandals in the
state. In collaboration with the APDDCF
Ltd., the SHGs and their federations have
taken over 162 BMCUs covering 3400
Village Milk Procurement Centers with
1,39,875 milk producers have contributed
2.57 lakh liters of milk per day in peak
season and 1.79 lakh liters of milk per day in
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
lean season. The total quantity and the value
of the milk procured and supplied by the
SHG managed BMCUs during the year
2009-10 is 49,248 MTs and Rs.9849.60
lakhs. 25 Andhra Pradesh Bajra Napier
(APBN) fodder nurseries (perennial fodder)
have been established during this year for
supplying fodder slips to the farmers. About
1,025 acres of APBN is grown by
community members to supply green fodder
to the Milch animals in 412 villages of 16
districts.
69 Mini Feed Mixing Plants have been
sanctioned under PM package to BMCU
Mandal Samakhyas for preparation and
supply of Concentrate feed to community
members under feed credit programme. Out
of the 69 plants sanctioned, 25 plants have
been installed and were sanctioned a working
capital of Rs.3.00 Lakhs each. 9 plants have
already begun supplying feed to community
member farmers.
Land Purchase/Accessibility
Under this component, productive and ready
to use land with assured irrigation facility is
being given to the poorest of the poor
households in the rural areas. As on March
2009, an extent of 4,539.24 acres of land was
purchased and handed over to 5,303 poor
families, out of which 2,799 (53%) are from
SC families and 1979 (37%) are from ST
families. Under the Land Access Programme
up to November 2009, 2.58 lakh cases related
to land disputes of poor were resolved and
created the accessibility of 3.62 lakh Acres to
the SHG members.
Community Managed Sustainable
Agriculture (CMSA)
Community Managed Sustainable
Agriculture (CMSA) is meant to support the
poor farmers to adopt sustainable agriculture
practices, to reduce the costs of cultivation
and increase net incomes to improve and
sustain agriculture based livelihoods.
It is proposed to reach 4,024 villages in 300
mandals of 21 districts. It is intended to
cover 20.00 lakh acres in 2009-10 by
benefiting 6.45 lakh farmers. Out of the total
target set, for the year, 10.56 lakhs is covered
176
upto end of November 2009 by benefitting 2009-10
5.22 lakh farmers. Under CMSA, 154 Item 2007-08 2008-09 (up to
Nov.09)
resource villages were developed and 743
MMS Involved 1036 845 559
seed banks were established to bring seed (No.)
sovereignty to farmers. VOs involved 2071 1662 1193
Under NREGS Non-Pesticidal Management (No.)
(NPM) convergence, 14,031 compost pits Families 3.01 2.17 2.32
were dug upto July, 2009 for effective Covered
(No.in lakhs)
composting and timely supply of compost, Commodities 79 65 34
1,618 farm ponds were dug to conserve water Handled (No.)
and recharge ground water and 27,331 acres Volume 47.30 59.30 64.12
tank silt applications were taken up. (lakh Quintals)
Due to implementation of NPM practices, the Turnover (Rs. 320.15 492.16 593.03
cost of cultivation has drastically reduced. Crores)
The range of savings varied from crop to Source:- SERP-Rural Development Department
crop ranging from Rs.2,500/ha in case of Food Security
Paddy, to Rs.12,500/ha in case of Cotton and In the lean Agricultural season, many of the
Rs.37,500/ha for Chillies. During last year rural poor have barely one square meal a day.
total savings across the 18 districts reached to The Food Security Credit is a direct
an estimated amount of Rs.320.44 crores. intervention to tackle the hunger gap in rural
areas. Village Organizations (VOs) estimate
Collective Marketing the balance requirement of SHG members, in
The marketing strategy of the project is to respect of rice and other essential
enable the small, marginal farmers and NTFP commodities, negotiate and buy better
collectors to obtain the best price for their quality of commodities at bulk, from the
Forest Produce and agricultural commodities. open market and sell to their members at a
It also aims at to minimize the cost of inputs price lower than the retail outlets. Under this
to the rural poor farmers and offer initiative, 12,26,606 families in 1,24,650
remunerative prices for their produce. The SHGs in 9263 VOs were provided food
marketing intervention of IKP has registered security upto November, 2009.
a significant increase in this financial year
with pick up in paddy procurement activity.
The V.Os have successfully implemented Jobs for Rural Youth
village level collective marketing of Neem, Employment Generation and Marketing
Redgram, Greengram, Chillies, Paddy, Mission (EGMM) was set up to address the
Maize, Turmeric, Cashew, and NTFP besides needs of the next generation of the large net
Agricultural Inputs etc. Various marketing work of SHGs created and nurtured by IKP.
initiatives are taken up by SERP in 2008-09, It aims at to create employment/
among them Paddy procurement is employability for the rural/tribal
predominant in many districts. In the current underprivileged youth. It works in a public-
financial year, upto November 2009, the VOs private partnership mode to identify, train
have procured a total of 64.12 lakh quintals and place youth in entry level corporate jobs
of agriculture and NTFP commodities worth in hospitality, retail, sales, tourism, banking,
Rs. 593.03 crores. rural BPOs, manufacturing, textiles and
Details of the marketing intervention of last construction sectors. Total number of jobs
three years are shown in Table 8.27. created up to 2008-09, was 1,83,891.
Number of persons trained during the current
Table 8.27 year up to November 2009 are 34,126, out of
Collective Marketing which placements are shown for 17,417
candidates.

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 177

Gender
The gender strategy envisages that the poor
women are able to access and control over
assets, incomes, all services available at
village and individual level. Gender
programme helps women to increase their
understanding of intra-family equity issues,
decision making levels, free mobility and
necessity of building a safe environment.
Under this component, 516 Mandal Level
Social Action Committees are formed with
the membership of 4,734 members.
Community Managed Family Counseling
Centers run by SHG women are 283.
Number of Village Organization Social
Action Committees formed up to November
2009 are 11,832 with a membership of
80,812. Women are actively mobilized into
V.O. Social Action Committees (VOSACs)
in the villages to work on social agenda and
gender discrimination cases. Number of cases
dealt with by these committees and family
counseling centers together are 18,196 and
number of cases resolved are 12,906. SERP
is playing important role to prevent
infanticide by organizing women into Self
Help Groups.
Disability
Recognizing that people with disabilities are
among the poorest and most vulnerable of the
poor, IKP has adopted a participatory
development approach to support them by
building their capacities to improve life skills
and self-esteem. IKP has extended the
support to enhance their livelihoods by
creating accessibility to government benefits
and entitlements. Provision of assessment,
treatment and rehabilitation services were
made through community managed
interventions. Intensive activities are carried
out in 128 mandals.
2,13,889 Persons with Disabilities (PWDs)
are organized into 23,391 exclusive SHGs
both in the program and non-programme
mandals in the State. A total of 52,581
PWDs are given an assistance of Rs.63.14
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
crores through CIF, Bank Loans and
Revolving Fund for enhancing their
Livelihood. Further, 2,862 Surgical
Corrections were carried out and 20,612
PWDs were issued assistive devices at no
cost to them in the programme mandals.
Health and Nutrition
The major goal of the Health and Nutrition
strategy under the APRPRP operates in a
convergent mode with the line departments
by looking at gaps in the existing public
health and nutrition services that are
provided by the line departments. It is being
implemented in 63 mandals including 8
Giripragathi mandals covering 2,289 Village
organizations in the state.
Extensive Health and Nutrition strategies
being adopted across 63 mandals include
fixed schedule for regular capacity building
of stake holders at mandal and district levels,
institutionalization of the fixed Nutrition and
Health Days (NH days) in convergence with
line departments and regular health savings
by 2.73 lakh members in 26,748 SHGs to an
amount of Rs.2.74 crores as safety nets for
health emergencies. The intensive health and
nutrition strategies focus on intensive health
CRP strategy. 800 best practitioners from the
pilot mandals have been identified as health
CRPs. Since January 2007, the health CRPs
strategy has been implemented in 680
Village Organizations and established 713
Nutrition- cum-day-care centers. The impact
of perinatal and neonatal outcomes among
the members attended Nutrition-cum-day-
care centers shows 99% safe deliveries, 90%
normal deliveries, No low birth weight baby
born. No maternal, infant and neonatal deaths
happened in 4,200 deliveries occurred among
the members enrolled at 609 nutrition
centers.
Education
Under Early Childhood Education (ECE),
new centres have been started in the
Yacharam mandal of Ranga Reddy district.
Support is being continued for the
Community Managed Pre-Primary Schools
178
in Adilabad, Vizianagaram, Visakapatnam,
East Godavari, Khammam and Warangal
districts. In all, 336 ECE centres established
in 8 districts with the enrolment of 5,280
children.
Under Corporate Education for Weaker
Sections, 8,009 seats were allocated to the
districts during 2009-10, out of which, 7,674
seats have been filled up. Education wing of
SERP is in the process of facilitating
convergence between the departments of
Social Welfare, Tribal Welfare, BC Welfare
and Minorities Welfare for release of funds
pertaining to this scheme to the college
managements. The list of students admitted is
placed in the ‘SERP’ website.
With the focus on total abolition of child
labour and to ensure their right to education,
Child Rights Protection and Community
involvement in Improving of Quality in
schools is introduced. This project also deals
with improvement in quality of education at
schools through women groups, gram
panchayats, teachers and youth. This is being
implemented in three tribal mandals in the
ITDA Bhadrachalam area of Khammam
district and 307 children have been enrolled
in Residential Bridge Schools during this
year. 180 children were mainstreamed
between April and June 2009.
Dr.Y.S.R.Abhaya Hastham - Insurance
Scheme
Dr.Y.S.R Abhaya Hastham is a co-
contributory pension and insurance scheme
visualized by the Government for the SHG
women over and above 18 years age group
in rural and urban areas to provide social
security in their old age. This scheme
envisages contribution of Re. 1 per day by
the SHG and government co-contribution of
Re. 1 per day into her pension account. The
contribution of the member and the co-
contribution of the Government are
periodically transferred to LIC of India for
investing diligently for securing better
returns on the investment. The corpus thus
generated till the age of 60 years will be used
for giving monthly pension of Rs. 500 and
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
maximum of Rs. 2,000 per month. It also
covers insurance to the women in addition to
the monthly pension on attaining the age of
60 years. It is proposed to cover all SHG
women under this scheme. Enrolment of
members, third party verification, serving of
the demand notices to the interested and
eligible members has been completed.
Contribution collection from Forty One (41)
lakh members and subsequent transfer of
funds to SERP has been completed.
The consolidation and reconciliation of
amounts at SERP and subsequent transfer to
LIC of India is under process. All the
members enrolled into Abhaya Hastham are
also eligible for Janashree Bima Yojana
scheme. The scheme has come into effect
from 1st November 2009 and commencement
has been marked by distribution of policy
certificates by Hon’ble Chief Minister to the
enrolled members and pension cheques to the
eligible pensioners on that day.
Rs.15.00 crores is distributed to 3 lakh
pensioners for the month of November, 2009
under Dr. YSR Abhaya Hastham
Programme.
Besides above, Under Indira Jeevitha Bima
Pathakam (Aam Aadmi Bima Yojana), the
Insurance cover has been renewed for 38
lakh rural landless agricultural labourers
effective from 1st April 2009. Apart from the
above Life and disability insurance schemes,
the Vizianagaram Zilla Samakhya is
implementing loan protection scheme by
providing insurance to the livestock.
Project Expenditure
The cumulative total expenditure of IKP up
to November 2009 is Rs.2150.45 crores. The
details are given in Annexure 8.16.
Overall Performance of IKP
The overall performance of IKP is shown in
Table 8.28.
Table 8.28
Overall performance of IKP
179
 As on
Indicator November
2009
No. of SHGs under the project 9,33,585
No. of members in women SHGs 1,06,60,968
No. of SHGs of Persons with
23,391
Disabilities
No. of Persons with Disabilities
2,13,889
in SHGs
No. of Village Organizations
36,391
formed
No. of Normal Mandal
1099
Samakhyas formed
Total No. of beneficiaries of
22,80,765
Income Generating Activities
No. of Households benefiting
1,24,650
from Food Security
No. of acres of land purchased 4,539.24
No. of beneficiary families of
5,303
land purchase
Amount of Bank Linkage up to
November 09 in 2009-10(Rs. 2545.77
crores)
Source:- SERP-Rural Development Department
Poverty Alleviation and Social Assistance
programme:
The State has taken ‘Self Help Group’ as a
theme to eradicate poverty. It is
contemplated to bring every woman
belonging to poorer section of the society
into the fold of Self Help groups. Special
budgetary provision is being made in the
state budget for Self Help Groups apart from
the support from ongoing centrally sponsored
scheme of Swarnajayanti Gram Swarozgar
Yozana (SGSY) programme of self
employment scheme. Similarly, banks are
also extending credit to SHGs in a big way
with Interest subsidy support to SHGs.
Deprived poor families are being assisted
under pension programme and family benefit
scheme.
Swarnajayanthi Gram Swarozgar Yojana
(SGSY)
This is a centrally sponsored scheme funded
by the government of India and the state
government in the ratio of 75:25. All the
existing schemes upto 1998 – 99 viz., IRDP,
TRYSEM, TOOLKITS, DWCRA, GKY and
MWS have been merged in the new scheme
called SWARNAJAYANTHI GRAM
SWAROZGAR YOJANA (SGSY). This
programme has come into existence w.e.f.
1.4.99.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
The objective of SGSY is to uplift the poor
families above the poverty line by providing
them income generating assets through a mix
of bank credit and government subsidy. The
key elements in this programme are, the
choice of activity based on local resources
and aptitude as well as the skills of
Swarozgaries. Funds under the scheme will
be utilized for providing assistance to SHGs
and individual swarozgaris and for creating
infrastructure and for training of swarozgaris.
The performance of SGSY is given in
Annexure 8.17.
Women Self Help Groups (SHGs)
Self help movement through savings has
been taken up on massive scale for rural poor
women. The success of the Self Help Groups
in Andhra Pradesh has been a national model
with 9.33 lakh groups covering 106.61 lakh
of rural poor women.
State Revolving Fund
For ensuring financial viability of SHGs, the
state government is providing budgetary
support @ Rs.10,000 as revolving fund to
each group. During the year 2009-10, an
amount of Rs. 25.77 crores has been
provided in the budget. An amount of Rs.
6.44 crores has been released. 6,804 groups
have been assisted with a subsidy of Rs. 6.80
crores (upto Nov’2009). The achievements
are shown in Table 8.29.
Table 8.29
Achievement under State Revolving Fund
Item 2008-09 2009-10 (upto
Nov.09)
Groups Assisted 29,103 6,804
Subsidy disbursed
(Rs. In lakhs) 2,910.30 680.33
Source:- SERP-Rural Development Department
Social Assistance Programmes
All the pensions which were looked after by
the departments concerned have been
transferred to the Rural Development
department for implementation from the year
2006-07. The rate of pension is Rs. 200/-
p.m. for all pensioners except disabled
persons from 2006-07. Government is
distributing Rs. 200/- on first of every month
to Old age persons, Weavers, Widows and
180
Rs.500/- to Disabled Persons. A total of 2009-10 (upto Nov.09)
71,79,926 pensions are targeted to be (Amount Rs.Crores)
Scheme Alloc Relea Expe Pensioners
distributed every month. During the year (No.)
ation ses nditu
2009-10, an amount of Rs. 2,003.02 crores re
has been provided in the budget. Government NOAP 420.91 315.68 249.86 1510542
released an amount of Rs. 1,502.26 crores of Indiramma 476.50 357.37 330.74 826850
which, Rs. 1,122.82 crores has been Pensions to
distributed to 66,36,465 pensioners upto Disabled
Persons
November 2009. The details of pensions are: Indiramma 1105.60 829.20 701.67 42,99,073
Pensions to
1. Old Age Pensions (OAPS) Old Age
During the year 2009-10, an amount of Rs. Persons and
420.91 crores has been provided in the Widows
NFBS 10.00 5.00 4.75 9511
budget to cover 17,19,398 pensioners. An
Source:- SERP-Rural Development Department
amount of Rs. 315.68 crores has been
released and Rs. 249.87 crores is distributed
to 15,10,542 pensioners (upto November Remote and Interior Areas
2009). Development Programme (RIAD)
2. Indiramma Pensions to Old Age Persons
8.25 The Government of Andhra Pradesh is the
and Widows
only state in the country to have created a
During the year 2009-10, an amount of Rs.
separate wing in the General Administration
1105.61 crores has been provided in the
Department for implementation of the
budget to cover 46,27,385 pensioners under
Remote and Interior Areas Development
these categories. An amount of Rs. 829.20
program to co-ordinate the implementation of
crores has been released and Rs. 701.67
core socio-economic activities by various
crores is distributed to 42,99,073 pensioners
departments. The objective of the programme
(upto November, 2009).
is to wean away the youth living in the
Remote and Interior areas from the influence
3. Indiramma Pensions to Disabled Persons
of the left wing extremist ideologies by
Disabled persons having a minimum of 40% improving the socio-economic conditions of
disability is the criteria for eligibility. The the people.
rate of pension has been enhanced to Rs.
500/- p.m. from November 2008 onwards for 5,622 habitations were identified as Remote
all the Disabled Pensioners. During the year and Interior Areas for this project in 332
2009-10, an amount of Rs. 476.50 crores has mandals covering a population of 54.38 lakhs
been provided in the budget to cover in 18 districts i.e., Srikakulam,
8,33,143 pensioners. An amount of Rs Vizianagaram, Visakhapatnam, East
357.38 crores has been released and Rs. Godavari, Guntur, Prakasam, Nellore,
330.74 crores has been distributed to Anantapur, Kadapa, Kurnool, Adilabad,
8,26,850 pensioners (upto November, 2009). Karimnagar, Warangal, Khammam,
Family Benefit Scheme Mahabubnagar, Nizamabad, Medak and
Under the Family Benefit Scheme, during the Nalgonda districts which are the most
year 2009-10, an amount of Rs. 10.00 crores backward areas in the State. To achieve this
has been provided in the budget and Rs. 5.00 objective, GOAP has identified the following
crores has been released and Rs.4.76 crores development activities viz., jobs, resolving
has been distributed to 9,511 families (upto forest revenue issues, Minor Irrigation
November 2009).Details are shown in Table program, Health, strengthening the
8.30. infrastructure under education, all weather
Table 8.30 roads to all the habitations, Rural water
Pensions under Social Assistance Program

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 181

supply and Rashtriya Sam Vikas Yojana as
essential.
Employment and Job linked Training:
It is estimated that there are about two lakh
unemployed/underemployed youth in the
RIAD areas. A computerized data base of
bio- data of all the youth identified is being
built up in Rural Development Department to
ensure follow up. During 2006-07, 16,722
were trained by reputed organizations like
Reddy Laboratories Foundation, National
Academy of Construction etc., with funds
available in D.R.D.As and 10,543 were given
placements.
Rs.70 Crores was sanctioned separately for
RIAD areas for the first time during 2007-08
under Rajiv Yuva Shakti to train 43,035
youth to make them employable mostly in
the private sector. 8,875 candidates were
provided jobs after training and 5,355 are
undergoing training.
Rs. 89.15 Crores was provided for Training
and Placements during 2008-09 under Rajiv
Udyog Sri, of which, 40% spent in RIAD
areas. In the 2008-09 annual programme, an
amount of Rs 36.00 Crores has been
provided to train and provide placements to
40,000 youth. EGMM (Employment
Generation and Marketing Mission) of Rural
Development entered agreement with reputed
trainers and employers to train rural youth
and provide placement.
Strengthening the infrastructure under
Education:
Additional accommodation for High Schools /
hostels: A Master Plan for providing
additional accommodation for the 752 Zilla
Parishad High Schools in the RIAD areas
with an estimated cost of Rs. 157.20 Crores
has been prepared. An amount of Rs 25.00
crores is provided under RIDF XIV for
additional accommodation in 156 schools
during 2008-09. Rs 25.60 Crores was
sanctioned under RIDF XIII during 2007-08
for providing additional accommodation in
36 Tribal welfare Ashram High Schools for
Girls.
An amount of Rs 22.80 Crores is provided
under RIDF XIV for additional
accommodation in Ashram/ Residential
Schools during 2008-09. Rs 4.25 Crores was
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
sanctioned during 2007-08 for providing
additional accommodation/ repairs to 36
Social Welfare hostels. An amount of Rs
10.00 Crores was provided during 2008-09
for additional accommodation in Hostels/
other Social Welfare Educational Institutions.
Rs 2.50 Crores provided during 2008-09
under RIDF XIV-RIAD for providing SW
College hostel buildings.
To fill critical gaps in Degree College
education in Tribal Areas, five degree
colleges with attached hostels for boys and
girls to these colleges were sanctioned during
2007-08 at Seetampeta in Srikakulam
district, Gumma Laxmipuram in
Vizianagaram district, Chintapalli in
Visakhapatnam district, Eturnagaram in
Warangal district and Utnoor in Adilabad
district with a budget of Rs 15.52 Crores for
recurring and non recurring expenditure. Rs
9.52 Crores was provided in 2008-09, for
completion of buildings and recurring
expenditure.
An amount of Rs 22.28 Crores was
sanctioned during 2008-09 under RIDFXIV–
RIAD for taking up construction of hostel
buildings in 13 Government Junior Colleges.
Similarly, Rs. 10 Crores was sanctioned for
additional accommodation to 17 existing
Junior Colleges from state plan of Higher
Education Dept. and Rs 20.00 Crores from
RIDFXIV-RIAD in 2008-09 for construction
of hostel buildings attached was provided to
17 out of 36 Junior Colleges in RIAD areas.
To fill critical gaps in Junior College
education for tribal girls, six TW Residential
Junior Colleges have been sanctioned during
2007-08 at P. Konavalasa in Vizianagaram
District, Chintapalli in Visakhapatnam
district, Rampachodavaram in East Godavari
district, Eturunagaram in Warangal district,
Utnoor in Adilabad district and Mahanandi in
Kurnool district with a budget of Rs 8.75
Crores as recurring cost and for buildings.
During 2008-09, Rs 15.00 Crores was
provided under this scheme.
Large number of teacher posts reserved for
Scheduled Tribes in Scheduled areas and
outside have been lying vacant. Hence, B.Ed
colleges at Araku (Visakhapatnam District)
and Utnoor (Adilabad District) and D.Ed
182
colleges at Rampachodavaram (East
Godavari District) and Bhadrachalam
(Khammam District) were sanctioned. 100
additional seats in existing B.Ed college at
Bhadrachalam (Khammam District) were
also sanctioned. Rs 4.00 Crores is also
provided for construction of buildings to two
B.Ed., and two D.Ed., Colleges and
additional accommodation to existing B.Ed
College at Bhadrachalam under RIDF XIV –
RIAD.
Resolving Forest-Revenue issues: The most
important land problem in these RIAD areas
is lack of survey and settlement of reserve
forest boundaries and non-settlement of
rights of people as per provision of Forest
Acts. About 12.34 lakh hectares of RF in
986 reserve forest blocks are yet to be finally
notified and rights of people to be settled as
per the procedure laid down under Sections 4
to 15 of Andhra Pradesh Forest Act of 1967.
18 posts of Forest Settlement Officers with
supporting staff were sanctioned by the
GOAP. The work is started.
All weather roads to all the habitations in
the project area: Provision of all weather
roads to these remote and interior habitations
will greatly strengthen the government’s
efforts to improve the socio-economic
conditions of people living in the areas and
wean them away from the influence of left
wing extremism and also strengthen the
administration in combating Naxalism in the
state. A comprehensive master plan to
provide all weather connectivity to each of
the RIAD habitations was prepared by the
R&B department and the Panchayat Raj
department in the state with a total estimated
cost of Rs.2,628.70 Crores. The plan details
the existing roads, roads under construction
and remaining roads to be taken up to ensure
all weather connectivity to all the 5,622
RIAD habitations in all the 18 districts. The
programme is phased over three years
starting from 2006-07.
During 2006-07, 43 R&B works with an
estimated cost of Rs 64.03 Crores were
sanctioned. Of which, 14 works were
completed and others are in progress. During
2007-08, 58 works with an estimated cost of
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
Rs 139.00 Crores was sanctioned and all of
them are in entrustment stage.
An amount of Rs 100.00 Crores is provided
during 2008-09 under RIDF.
Under RIDF XI (NABARD), 122 works with
an estimated cost of Rs 102.36 Crores were
sanctioned during 2006-07. 77 works were
completed with an expenditure of Rs 63.00
Crores. During 2007-08, 55 works were
sanctioned with an estimated cost of Rs
84.72 Crores and 44 were cleared by
NABARD.
During 2008-09 and 2009-10, 26 R&B works
with an estimated cost of Rs. 70.00 Crores
were sanctioned.
An amount of Rs 100.00 Crores was
provided for this programme during 2008-09
under RIDF XIV-RIAD. A revised proposal
for sanction of Rs 410.85 Crores to take up
365 roads under PMGSY was submitted to
Government of India.
Government of India indicated an amount of
Rs 175 Crores under 12th Finance
Commission Award for taking up B.T. roads
in RIAD areas from 2006-07 to 2009-10. In
the first two years (2006-07 and 2007-08),
112 works with an estimated cost of Rs
115.69 Crores were sanctioned. Of which, 68
works are already grounded. During 2008-09
and 2009-10, 27 PR works with an estimated
cost of Rs.23.14 Crores were sanctioned.
During 2009-10, Rs.87.40 crores were
released to carryout the ongoing programmes
under 12th Finance Commission Grants which
are being executed by PR(RIAD) department
and R&B NABARD also.
Minor Irrigation Programme: There is
substantial potential for constructing small
irrigation structures and Lift Irrigation that
can provide irrigation facility to the lands in
the remote areas to increase productivity.
Master plan consisting of 112 MI works
with an estimated cost of Rs 210.00 Crores is
under implementation. Rs 19.79 Crores were
sanctioned from RIDF XIV-RIAD to take up
two Lift Irrigation schemes during 2006-07.
Ten more schemes under state plan were
also taken up during 2007-08and 2008-09 in
RIAD areas with an estimated cost of Rs
308.55 Crores.
183
 Rural Water Supply: District wise master
plans were prepared for Rural Water Supply.
The estimated cost is Rs 141.29 Crores to
cover 2,465 RIAD habitations. Rs 40.16
Crores was already provided during 2007-08
to cover 826 habitations. Rs 51 Crores was
provided during 2008-09 for 11 PWS
schemes in RIAD areas.
Health: Two ANM training Centers have
been sanctioned at GL Puram and Utnoor in
ITDA areas. In order to improve health
infrastructure facilities in RIAD areas, Rs. 60
Crores was provided during 2008-09 for
construction of 705 Sub Centers, two ANM
Training Centers, one Nutritional
Rehabilitation Center and 29 PHCs.
Rashtriya Sam Vikas Yojana (RSVY): To
remove regional imbalances between some
districts, Government of India has introduced
RSVY in 10 districts of Andhra Pradesh.
Each district was allocated Rs.45 crores @
Rs.15 crores per annum for schemes that
would address problems of low agriculture
productivity, unemployment and fill critical
gaps in infrastructure. An amount of
Rs.352.50 crores has been released so far.
From 2008-09, the name of the programme is
changed as Backward Region Development
Fund (BRGF) and extended to 3 more
districts. Rs.381.91 crores is provided during
2008-09 under BRGF.
***
Backward Region Grant Fund
(B.R.G.F)
8.26 Government of India have launched a new
programme called B.R.G.F commencing
from 2007-08. The main objective of the
programme is to redress regional imbalance
in development by providing funds for
bridging critical gaps in local infrastructure.
The programme is being implemented in 13
selected districts in the State (1st phase of
N.R.E.G.A) with an allocation of Rs.335.28
crores under Development Grant and Rs.13
crores under Capacity Building.
District plans for 13 BRGF Districts were
received from the District Planning
Committees and the Annual Plan for the
year 2009-10 was approved by the High
Power Committee with an estimated cost of
Rs. 337.09 crores for taking up 44,073
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
works. It includes 9,969 works with an
amount of Rs. 81.89 crores under SC Sub-
Plan and 5,874 works with an amount of
Rs.47.30 crores under ST Sub-Plan. An
amount of Rs.249.34 crores have been
released to the districts.5608 works worth of
Rs.76.84 crores were completed and the
remaining works are in progress.
Rajiv Palle Bata
8.27 Rajiv Palle Bata, essentially is a
programme involving dialogue between the
Leader and people. As it is well known,
people and their elected representatives are
the twin motors powering our vibrant
democracy.
During the process, people get an opportunity
to represent their problems directly to their
Leaders. The leadership, in turn, is benefited
by the public feedback about governmental
policies. The resultant symbiosis reinforces
the democratic process. During his visits to
districts, Hon’ble C.M. receives petitions and
gives assurances to people serving
community needs.
The programme was started in 2004. In all,
54,540 petitions have been received in the
entire state, of which about 96.66% have
been responded to. In all, 1,195 assurances
have also been made during public
interactions out of which, 1,079 (90.30%)
have been redressed and 107 (8.95%)
assurances are under different stages of
implementation while 9(0.75%) are yet to be
addressed.
The assurance given during the programme
was generally fulfilled by meeting the
expenditure from the budget of the
respective departments. However, from
2005-06 onwards, Government have started
earmarking some plan funds under Rajiv
Palle Bata Scheme – which is meant to act as
a limited cushion for sanction of works
wherever necessary. Upto 31.3.2009, an
amount of Rs.438.22 crores has been
sanction under the programme.
During 2009-10, an amount of Rs.25.00
Crores has been provided under the
programme. These funds are fully utilized
being provided to various districts for taking
developmental works, as approved by
184
 Hon’ble Chief Minister and as a part of
fulfillment of assurances of Hon’ble Chief
Minister. A Web-based Petition Monitoring
System (PMS) has been developed to
monitor the redressed status on line from
anywhere at any point of time.
Pulivendula Area Development Agency
(PADA)
8.28 Villages in Andhra Pradesh are at different
stages of development. While those in the
prosperous regions of the State have achieved
significant development, a majority of the
villages in backward areas remain under-
developed. On account of these, a more
workable strategy for the Government was to
identify a few villages where integrated
development can be brought about through
planned interventions and use these villages
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
as model to inspire and motivate all other
villages to emulate the same path.
Initiating action in line with the above
innovative idea, Government have released
an amount of Rs.172.27 crores during 2004-
05 to 2008-09 to develop 103 identified
villages covering 7 mandals in Kadapa
district under “Model Village scheme” on
pilot basis.
For continuing the infrastructure
development in the identified villages of the
area as per the action plan contemplated by
the Pulivendula Area Development Agency
an amount of Rs.50.00 crores was released
during year 2009-10.
***
185