Inglés

ENGLIS
ENGLISH
SH
ICFES COMPONENT
Incomplete Texts
Read the texts and choose the correct word for each blank.
1–3 4 – 6.
Matter is the name given to everything 1 has Jogging is good exercise when it is done
weight and 2 space. It may usually be detected regularly: at least three times a week. It
strengthens the leg muscles, and, 4 it forces
by the senses of touch, sight 3 smell. Matter
the heart to beat faster, it also improves blood
may exist in three states: solid, liquid and gas.
circulation. Many people also jog 5 control their
weight. Joggers burn up 62 calories for every
1. kilometer they run. 6 , jogging helps decrease
levels of emotional stress.
A. what
B. where 4.
C. who
A. since
D. that B. unless
C. too
2. D. furthermore
A. occupied 5.
B. occupies
A. helping
C. occupying
B. help with
D. occupy C. helps
D. to help
3.
6.
A. or
B. by A. However
B. In addition
C. of
C. In contrast
D. nor D. Whereas
148 PREICFES SABER 11 LIBRO 3

Did you have a good time?
Brian: Well, this is it. I can’t believe I’m leaving. Time went by fast.
Robbie: Umm, Brian? I have a present for you. It’s my favorite baseball.
Joey: And here’s something from all of us. It’s the family picture you took at the picnic. I hope
you like it.
Brian: Oh, thanks everyone. I had a great time. I really enjoyed my stay here.
Andy: We’re glad you came. Good luck!
Brian: Uh, Liza, here’s a present for you. It’s a bracelet. I bought it last week, Joey helped me.
Liza: Oh, Brian, thank you. It’s beautiful. Take care and keep in touch.
Brian: Sure. Robbie, thanks for the baseball.
Robbie: Bye. Please come back.
Comprehension
Based on the dialogue cross out the wrong information. Then, correct the sentence to
make it true.
1. The Gibson’s are welcoming Brian.

2. Brian gave Robbie a gift.
3. Robbie gave Brian a video game.
4. Joey gave Brian a painting.
5. Liza helped Brian buy a present.
Simple Past
Use the simple past to express the idea that an action started and finished at a specific time in
the past. Sometimes, the speakers may not actually mention the specific time, but they do have a
specific one in mind.
Wh-Questions with in past
What was your dog’s name? Its name was Yayita.
Where were you last night? I was at my granny’s house.
Who was the boy in blue at the museum? He is my cousin.
Wh-Questions with
What did you do yesterday afternoon? I played tennis.

Where did you work last year? I worked on my father’s farm.
Where did your sister study college? She studied at the Universidad Complutense
de Madrid.
PREICFES SABER 11 LIBRO 3 149

Yes/No Questions with be and did
Were they from California? Yes, they were / No, they weren't
Was Jean at the stadium? Yes, she was / No, she wasnʼt
Did you paint The Mona Lisa? Yes, I did / No, I didnʼt
Did she work at the hospital? Yes, she did / No, she didnʼt
Rules for regular verbs

There are rules for writing regular verbs in simple past.
1.) For most verbs add -ed at the end.
Example
Work Worked
Rain Rained
Start Started
2.) If the verb already ends in e only, add d at the end.
Example
Live Lived
Love Loved
Like Liked
3.) If the verb ends in a consonant plus y, turn the y into i and add -ed at the end.
Example
Study Studied
Carry Carried
Hurry Hurried
4.) If the verb ends in a vowel (a, e, i, o, u) plus y, only add -ed at the end.
Example
Play Played
Stay Stayed
Enjoy Enjoyed

5.) If the verb is one syllable and finishes in a consonant plus vowel plus consonant, double the
last consonant and add -ed at the end.
Example
Stop Stopped
Swap Swapped
Plan Planned
6.) If the verb is one syllable and finishes in a consonant plus vowel plus consonant but the last
consonant is x or w, only add -ed at the end (donʼt double the last consonant).
Example
Sew Sewed
Fix Fixed
Mix Mixed
7.) If the verb finishes in a consonant plus vowel plus consonant and it is stressed in the last
syllable, double the last consonant and add -ed at the end.
Example
Admit Admitted
Occur Occurred
Permit Permitted
8.) If the verb finishes in a consonant plus vowel plus consonant but it is not stressed in the last
syllable, only add -ed at the end (don’t double the last consonant).
Example
Happen Happened
Answer Answered
Consider Considered

There is/are
“There is / There are” is a common phrase in English used to indicate that something exists or
is in a certain location. There is only one difference between them, we use “there is” to express
something in singular and we use “there are” to express something in plural. The main subject
follows the verb when there is/are is used.
Example
• There is a book on my desk.
• There are some books on my desk.
Other forms of “be” can also be used with “there is/there are”.
Example
• There will be a meeting at my work next Friday.
• There were many students in the room.
• There has been one accident on the street since Monday.
• There have been two accidents on the street since Monday.
Contractions are possible, but they are mostly used informally in speech.
Example
• There’s a coin in my pocket.
• There’ll be some salesmen outside.
Negative form
The negative is formed by putting not after “is” or “are”:
Example
• There is not a ball in my bedroom.
• There are not five fans in my kitchen.
The negative contractions are:
Example
• There is not = There isn’t = There’s not
• There are not = There aren’t

There are with any
When we want to indicate a zero quantity of something, we use “there aren’t any”.
Example
• There aren’t any chairs in the stadium.
• There aren’t any watchmen in my building.
When we want to indicate a zero quantity with uncountable nouns, we use “there isn’t any”.
Example
• There isn’t any milk in my glass.
• There isn’t any butter on my bread.
Questions
To form a question we place is / are in front of there.
We use any with plural questions or those which use uncountable nouns.
We also use there is / are in short answers.
Example
• Is there a pencil in your bag? No, there isn’t.
• Are there any cats in your house? Yes, there are.
• Is there a Math teacher in the school? Yes, there is.
• Are there any drugstores in your neighborhood? No, there aren’t.
• Is there any wine on the shelf? Yes, there is.
Questions with “how many”

We use “how many” to ask about a number or quantity.
Example
• How many movies has Megan Fox been in?
• How many people are here?
• How many cities are there in Colombia?
Questions with “how much”

We use “how much” to ask about quantity but not exactly for a number.
Example
• How much does the jacket cost?
• How much time do you exercise a day?

Prepositions of place
Prepositions of place are used to show where something is located.
on above over in front of
beside below under behind
We use at to show a specific place or position.
Example
• Someone is at the door.
We use on to show position on a horizontal or vertical surface, and we also use on to show
position on streets, roads, etc.
Example
• The cat sat on the mat.
• I used to live on Portland Street.
We use in to show that something is enclosed (inside) or surrounded, and we also use in to show
position within land-areas (towns, counties, states, countries, and continents).
Example
• The dog is in the garden.
• Put it in the box.
• I used to live in Nottingham.

Preposition Use Examples
Above higher than something The picture hangs above my bed.
You mustn't go across this road here.
Across from one side to the other side
There isn't a bridge across the river.
The cat ran after the dog.
After one follows the other
After you.
Against directed towards something The bird flew against the window.
Along in a line; from one point to another They're walking along the beach.
Among in a group I like being among people.
Around in a circular way We're sitting around the campfire.
Behind at the back of Our house is behind the supermarket.
Below lower than something Death Valley is 86 meters below sea level.
Beside next to Our house is beside the supermarket.
Our house is between the supermarket
Between something/somebody is on each side
and the school.
By near He lives in the house by the river.
Close to near Our house is close to the supermarket.
Down from high to low He came down the hill.
From the place where it starts Do you come from Tokyo?
In front of the part that is in the direction it faces Our house is in front of the supermarket.
Inside opposite of outside You shouldn't stay inside the castle.
Into entering something You shouldn't go into the castle.
Near close to Our house is near the supermarket.
Next to beside Our house is next to the supermarket.
Off away from something The cat jumped off the roof.
Onto moving to a place The cat jumped onto the roof.
Opposite on the other side Our house is opposite the supermarket.
Out of leaving something The cat jumped out of the window.
Outside opposite of inside Can you wait outside?
Over above something/somebody The cat jumped over the wall.
Past going near something/somebody Go past the post office.
Round in a circle We're sitting round the campfire.
Through going from one point to the other point You shouldn't walk through the forest.
I like going to Australia.
To towards something/somebody Can you come to me?
I've never been to Africa.
Towards in the direction of something We ran towards the castle.
Under below something The cat is under the table.
Up from low to high He went up the hill.

Countable and uncountable nouns
Countable nouns are individual objects, people, places, etc. which can be counted. A countable
noun can be both singular and plural.
Example
One book / two books Libros
One chair / three chairs Sillas
A house / many houses Casas
An apple / lots of apples Manzanas
Uncountable nouns are materials, concepts, information, etc. which are not individual objects
and cannot be counted. Uncountable nouns are always singular. Use the singular form of the verb
with uncountable nouns.
Countable and uncountable nouns
Baggage Equipaje
Furniture Muebles
Garbage Basura
Information Información
Knowledge Conocimiento
Money Dinero
News Noticias
Progress Progreso
Research Investigación
Travel Viaje
Work Trabajo
Oil Aceite
Gasoline Gasolina
Coffee Café
Juice Jugo
Tea Té
Soda Gaseosa (bebida)
Water Agua
Beer Cerveza
Wine Vino
Milk Leche
Cheese Queso

Bread Pan
Meat Carne
Pasta Pasta
Butter Mantequilla
Mayonnaise Mayonesa
Music Música
Medicine Medicina
Biology Biología
Economics Economía
History Historia
Sadness Tristeza
Love Amor
Happiness Felicidad
Trouble Problema
Health Salud
Crime Crimen
Help Ayuda
Air Aire
Lava Lava
Iron Hierro
Wood Madera
Fire Fuego
Plastic Plástico
Glass Vidrio
Silver Plata (metal)
Gold Oro
Soup Sopa
Ice Hielo
Swimming Natación
Tennis Tenis (deporte)
Jogging Trotar
Football Fútbol
Snow Nieve
Cold Frío
Darkness Oscuridad
Humidity Humedad
Light Luz
Rain Lluvia
Thunder Trueno
Lightning Relámpago

VOCABULARY
Places in the city
Airport: the place you go when you want to travel by plane to another city.
Bakery: where you can buy fresh bread and cakes.
Bank: where you deposit or withdraw (take out) your money.
Bookstore: a place where you can buy books and magazines.
Bus station: the place you go when you want to travel by bus to another place of the city.
Butcher’s: where they sell fresh meat.
Coffee shop: where you can buy a cup of coffee and cakes or sandwiches.
Church: a religious place of worship.
Court: the place where they have trials and law cases.
Department store: a large store that sells clothes, household appliances etc. by sections.
Cinema: where you can see movies in the big screen. People eat popcorn while they’re there.
Fire station: the building where firemen keep their equipment including the fire-engine.
Gas station: the place you go to put gas (fuel) in your car.
Gym: where you can do exercises, weight training and keep fit here.
Beauty salon: where you go when you want to cut your hair.
Hospital: where you go when you need an operation or something similar.
Hotel: where you pay to sleep when you visit another city.
Gallery: where you can see paintings and other works of art.
Jail: where criminals are sent for a number of days or years, after a crime was done.
Laundromat: a place where you can wash your clothes in coin-operated machines.
Library: a place where you can read and borrow books.
Museum: where you can see many old objects (and sometimes paintings).
Pharmacy: where you can buy medicine and (legal) drugs.
Police station: where you are taken when you break the law and a place full of police officers.
Pub: a place where you can buy a beer or other type of alcoholic drinks and have fun.
Park: a public area in the city that contains grass and trees, where you can rest, play or walk your
dog. Sometimes children play here. Plaza = No grass
Restaurant: where you go when you don’t want to cook at home and you pay for your food. They
prepare meals for you.
School: a place where children learn. You normally start school at the age of 5.
Town square: an open area within a city in the shape of a square. It is usually the heart of the city.
Supermarket: a large store that sells food, drinks and household items.
Video store: where you rent a movie or a DVD for a couple of days.
Zoo: a place where you can see many types of animals in cages.

Irregular verbs list
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle

Awake Awoke Awoken
Be Was, were Been
Beat Beat Beaten
Become Became Become
Begin Began Begun
Bend Bent Bent
Bet Bet Bet
Bid Bid Bid
Bite Bit Bitten
Blow Blew Blown
Break Broke Broken
Bring Brought Brought
Broadcast Broadcast Broadcast
Build Built Built
Burn Burned/burnt Burned/burnt
Buy Bought Bought
Catch Caught Caught
Choose Chose Chosen
Come Came Come
Cost Cost Cost
Cut Cut Cut
Dig Dug Dug
Do Did Done
Draw Drew Drawn
Dream Dreamed/dreamt Dreamed/dreamt
Drive Drove Driven
Drink Drank Drunk
Eat Ate Eaten
Fall Fell Fallen

Feel Felt Felt
Fight Fought Fought
Find Found Found
Fly Flew Flown
Forget Forgot Forgotten
Forgive Forgave Forgiven
Freeze Froze Frozen
Get Got Got/gotten
Give Gave Given
Go Went Gone
Grow Grew Grown
Hang Hung Hung
Have Had Had
Hear Heard Heard
Hide Hid Hidden
Hit Hit Hit
Hold Held Held
Hurt Hurt Hurt
Keep Kept Kept
Know Knew Known
Lay Laid Laid
Lead Led Led
Learn Learned/learnt Learned/learnt
Leave Left Left
Lend Lent Lent
Let Let Let
Lie Lay Lain
Lose Lost Lost
Make Made Made
Mean Meant Meant
Meet Met Met

Pay Paid Paid
Put Put Put
Read Read Read
Ride Rode Ridden
Ring Rang Rung
Rise Rose Risen
Run Ran Run
Say Said Said
See Saw Seen
Sell Sold Sold
Send Sent Sent
Show Showed Showed/shown
Shut Shut Shut
Sing Sang Sung
Sit Sat Sat
Sleep Slept Slept
Speak Spoke Spoken
Spend Spent Spent
Stand Stood Stood
Swim Swam Swum
Take Took Taken
Teach Taught Taught
Tear Tore Torn
Tell Told Told
Think Thought Thought
Throw Threw Thrown
Understand Understood Understood
Wake Woke Woken
Wear Wore Worn
Win Won Won
Write Wrote Written

FALSE FRIENDS
Fin: Aleta (fin es “end”)
Form: Formulario (forma es “shape”)
Fray: Riña, irritarse o deshilacharse (fraile es “friar”)
Fume: Vapor o gas (fumar es “smoke”)
Geneva: Ginebra (Génova es “Genoa”)
Geniality: Afabilidad (genialidad es “genius”)
Gentle: Moderado, suave (gentil es “gentile” o “kind”)
Gracious: Cortés (gracioso es “funny”)
Grass: Pasto, césped, hierba (grasa es “grease” o “fat”)
Grocery: Tienda de comestibles (grosería es “rudeness” o “rude word/expression”)
By heart: De memoria (de corazón es “from one’s heart”)
Idiom: Modismo, locución (idioma es “language”)
To improve: Mejorar (improvisar es “to improvise”)
Ingenuity: Ingenio (ingenuidad es “naivety”)
Inhabitant: Habitante (inhabitado es “uninhabited”)
Injury: Herida (injuria es “insult”)
To intend: Destinar, pretender (intentar es “to try”)
To introduce: Presentarse, abordar (introducir es “to insert”o “to put in”)
To invest: Invertir dinero (“invert”: revertir, cambiar de posición)
Invidious: Odioso, ingrato (envidioso es “envious”)
To involve: Implicar, requerir (envolver es “wrap”)
Large: Grande (largo es “long”)
Lecture: Conferencia (lectura es “reading”)
Library: Biblioteca (librería es “bookshop o bookstore”)
Luxury: Lujo (lujuria es “lust”)
Mascara: Cosmético para las pestañas (máscara es “mask”)
Mayor: Alcalde (mayor es “bigger”, “greater” u “older”)
Media: Medios de comunicación (media es “sock”)
Misery: Tristeza, sufrimiento (miseria es “poverty”)
Not at all: Para nada, en lo absoluto (“no del todo” es “not quite”)
Notice: Nota, anuncio (noticia es “piece of news” o “news”)
Occurrence: Acontecimiento, caso (ocurrencia es “funny remark” o “absurd idea”)
Once: Una vez (once es “eleven”)
Oration: Discurso ceremonial (oración es “sentence” o “prayer”)
Pale: Pálido (pala es “spade” o “shovel”)
Pan: Cacerola, cazuela (pan es “bread”)
Parade: Desfile (pared es “wall”)

EXERCISES
Write the past tense forms of the verbs.
1. say
2. start
3. take
4. jog
5. make
6. be
7. like
8. tell
9. wash
10. cry

Complete as in the example below.
/ any Brazilian footballers in your favorite team?
Are there any Brazilian footballers on your favorite team? Yes, there are.
1. / a skateboard park near here?
No, __________________________________________________________________________
2. / a Hollywood in Ireland?
Yes, __________________________________________________________________________
3. / any famous football teams in your town?
Yes, __________________________________________________________________________
4. / any interesting places near your house?
No, __________________________________________________________________________
5. / an English boy in your class?
No, __________________________________________________________________________

Observe the map and choose the correct preposition.
Hospital
Pet
Shop
Santos Dumont Street

Fast Food
Restaurant
Amélia Street
Bank Bookstore Supermarket School
Rosa e Silva Avenue
Flower Music Restaurant

Shop Store
Toy
Store
1. The music store is Santos Dumont Street and Rosa e Silva Avenue.
2. The hospital is the pet shop.
3. The toy store is the music store and the restaurant.
4. The supermarket is the restaurant.
5. The fast food restaurant is Amélia Street.
6. The bookstore is the supermarket.
7. The bank is on Santos Dumont Street the flower shop.
8. The school is Amélia Street and Rosa e Silva Avenue.
9. The pet shop is Amélia Street.
10. The flower shop is Santos Dumont Street.

ICFES COMPONENT
IDENTIFYING LOCATIONS
Where could you see these signs?
4.
1.
A. In the metro
B. In the sky
C. In the river
A. In the living room

B. In the restroom
C. In the bedroom
5.
2.
A. In the stadium
B. In a disco
C. At the hospital
3.
A. In a disco
B. In a bar
C. In the stadium
A. In a takeaway
B. In the street
C. At the beach

BOWLING
Read the dialogue and complete the sentences.
Rob: You're good, Paul. Have you ever entered a

bowling competition?
Paul: Yes, I have.
Rob: Have you ever won?
Paul: Of course, I won the club championship last
year.
Rob: I thought Dave Bolan was champion.
Paul: Well, he was until last year. What about you?
Are you any good?
Rob: Well, I’ve never tried bowling before, but let’s
see what I can do…
Paul: Wow, you’re really good! Maybe we’ll have a
new champion this year.
Now complete the sentences. Write Rob, Paul or Dave.
1. has tried bowling before.

2. won last year’s championship.
3. isn’t a bowling champion any more.
4. might win this year’s championship.
Present Perfect
We use the present perfect to say that an action happened at an unspecified time before now.
The exact time is not important. We usually use expressions such as: ever, never, once, many
times, several times, before, so far, already, yet, etc.
Example
• I have read that book two times.
• You have done it before.
• He has traveled many times to Asia.
• She has gone to my house.
• It has barked several times.
• We have not been in Mars yet.
• Have you eaten Mexican food?
• They have climbed the mountains once.

Tips for using “present perfect”
The concept of "unspecified time" can be very confusing. It is best to associate present perfect
with the following topics:
Experience
You can use the present perfect to describe your experience. It is like saying, "I have the experience
of...". You can also use this tense to say that you have never had a certain experience.
Example
• I have been to Japan two times. (I have the experience of being in Japan)
• I have never been to Japan. (I do not have the experience of being in Japan)
• I think you have seen that movie before.
Change over time
We often use the present perfect to talk about a change that has happened over a period of time.
Example
• She has grown since the last time I saw her.
• The schools have become more interested in teaching English.
• Australia has become one of the most popular places in the world.
Accomplishments
We often use the present perfect to list the accomplishments of individuals and humanity. You
cannot mention a specific time.
Example
• Man has walked on the Moon.
• Our little girl has become a lady.
• Children have lost too much respect for their parents.
An uncompleted action you are expecting
We often use the present perfect to say that an action, which we expect, has not happened yet.
Using the present perfect suggests that we are still waiting for the action to happen.

Example
• James has not finished the book yet.
• Susan hasn’t learned English, but she can communicate.
• The rain hasn’t stopped.
Multiple actions at different times
We also use the present perfect to talk about several different actions which have occurred
in the past at different times. Present perfect suggests the process is not complete and more
actions are possible.
Example
• The teachers have taught that topic five times.
• I have had four quizzes and five tests so far this semester.
• We have had many problems in our relationship.
When we use the present perfect it means that something has happened at some point in our lives
before now. Remember, the exact time when the action happened is not important.
Present Perfect Vs. Simple Past

The use of simple past and present perfect is quite strict. As soon as a time expression in the past
is given, you have to use simple past. If there are no signal words, you must decide if you want to
talk about an action in the past using the simple past form; or if you want to talk about an action
whose consequence has effects and could be repeated in the present or future, then you should
use the present perfect form.
Certain time in the past or just / already / yet?

Do you want to express that an action happened at a certain time in the past (even if it was just a
few seconds ago) or that an action has just / already / yet happened?
Simple past Present perfect

I asked him two minutes ago. I have just asked him.
Certain event in the past or how often so far?

Do you want to express when a certain action took place or whether / how often an action has
happened till now?

I went to Montreal last summer. I have been to Montreal three times.

Emphasis on action or result?
Do you just want to express what happened in the past? Or do you want to emphasize the result?
(a past action's consequence in the present)

I bought a new car. I have bought a new car.
(Just telling what I did in the past.) (With this sentence I actually want to
express that I have a new car now.)
Signal words

• yesterday • just
• ... ago • already
• in 1990 • up to now
• the other day • until now / till now
• last... (week, month, etc.) • ever
• (not) yet
• so far
• lately / recently
Past Perfect
The past perfect expresses the idea that something occurred before another action in the past.
It can also show that something happened before a specific time in the past.
Example
• I had never watched such a wonderful movie before. I watched The Planet of the Apes.
• I did not have any money because I had lost my wallet.
• She understood the movie because she had read the book.
• Charlie had never gone to the beach before last month.
VOCABULARY
Containers

Adjectives for describing people
(negative) (positive)
BRITISH VS AMERICAN ENGLISH

Differences in spelling between British and American English:
Words ending in -re
British English words ending in -re often end in -er in American English:

Words ending in -our
British English words ending in -our usually end in -or in American English:
Words ending in -ize or -ise

Verbs in British English that can be spelled with either -ize or -ise at the end are always spelled
with -ize at the end in American English:
Words ending in -yse

Verbs in British English ending in -yse are always spelled -yze in American English:
Words ending in a vowel plus l

In British spelling, verbs ending in a vowel plus l double the l when adding endings that begin with
a vowel. In American English, the l is not doubled:

Words spelled with double vowels
British English words that are spelled with the double vowels ae or oe are just spelled with an e in
American English:
Note that in American English, certain terms, such as archaeology, keep the ae spelling as
standard, although the spelling with just the e (i.e. archeology) is usually acceptable as well.
Nouns ending with -ence
Some nouns that end with -ence in British English are spelled -ense in American English:
Nouns ending with -ogue
Some nouns that end with -ogue in British English end with either -og or -ogue in
American English:
Note:
The distinctions here are not hard. Most of the spellings are acceptable, but not very common in
American English and vice versa.

EXCERCISES
Circle the correct words.
1. I’ve worked out / worked out at the gym for 2 hours yesterday.
2. She has bought / bought a car two years ago.
3. Do you fancy a pizza or have you already eaten / did you already eat?
4. Let’s not see that film. I’ve seen / saw it before.
5. I have read / read four books so far this summer.
6. Have you ever been / Were you ever to the zoo?
Put in brackets American or British according to the variety of English.
English is my favourite subject at school. ( )

The park is in the center of our town. ( )
They had cancelled their wedding because she was pregnant. ( )
My sister is gynaecologist in the most important hospital of the city. ( )
His voice harmonizes with hers very nicely. ( )
PRACTICE ENGLISH EXERCISES

READING COMPREHENSION
The Geckos
My grandparents live in Florida. We spend most holidays at their house. And, while there, my
favorite activity is to sit by the pool. I say “sit” because I rarely swim. Instead, I watch my favorite
animal run around the patio. That would be the gecko.
Geckos
Geckos live in most warm climates in North America. They are small lizards that live in nature and
also near people. When I say they are small, I really mean they are tiny. The biggest one I have
ever seen was about ten inches long. However, the book I read on geckos claims they can get to
be 60 centimeters long. That would be over twice the size of the largest one I saw. Most, though,
are just a few inches long.

The lizards are usually green, but some geckos appear blue. I’ve seen a few that have patterns
on their backs, but not all do. While their appearance is interesting, geckos really drew me in by
the way they move.
Why I Love Geckos
Geckos are incredibly fast. It seems they are either standing perfectly or sprinting across the patio!
More interesting still is their climbing ability. They are some of the best climbers in the world. And
they can stick to most surfaces. I’ve even seen geckos walk on ceilings before!
Most people welcome geckos because they eat mosquitoes. My grandparents certainly feel this
way. Their patio is covered in geckos, and they do not do anything to change that fact. And that is
just fine with me!
My Only Complaint

The only thing I really dislike about geckos is that they do not live by me. However, my grandpa
told me that it is not such a bad thing. He suggests that I would likely get sick of the geckos if I saw
them every day as he does. I find that very hard to believe!
1. According to the passage, geckos range in size from
A. 10 inches to 60 centimeters.
B. a few inches to 10 inches .
C. a few inches to 60 centimeters.
D. 10 inches to a foot.
2. According to the passage, the narrator is most interested in what aspect of the geckos?
A. What they eat

B. How they move
C. How they appear
D. What their lengths are

3. As used in paragraph 4, sprinting is best defined as
A. standing still.
B. climbing quickly.
C. standing closely.
D. running very quickly.
4. From paragraph 6, it can be assumed that the narrator’s grandparents
A. do not like mosquitoes.

B. are interested in learning about mosquitoes.
C. are very interested in geckos.
D. do not understand the narrator’s interest in geckos.
5. According to the passage, the narrator learned about geckos by
I. reading about them in a book

II. seeing them at her grandparents’ house
III. studying them in her backyard
A. I only
B. I and II only
C. II and III only
D. I, II, and III
READING COMPREHENSION
In the divisions of time known as the Bronze and Iron Ages, human progress in civilization accelerated
rapidly. As the names indicate, the use of metals was discovered and as a result, tools and weapons
became more efficient. With this discovery a vital change in human life took place. As bronze is an
alloy of copper and tin, and because these two metals do not often occur side by side, bronze-using
people frequently had to search afar for one or the other of the constituents. The result was that
trade routes began to be opened up, and trade in raw materials developed to an impressive level;
the beginning of many of the patterns of present-day life gradually took shape.

It should be noted that the division of ages into Paleolitic, Neolitic, Bronze and Iron have been
contrived by archeologists as rudimentary means of describing how people of the past have lived.
In reality, there are no sharp divisions between them. Although we have attempted to show roughly
when certain ages occurred in certain regions, these periods, gradually merged one into another.
Moreover, the development did not proceed at the same rate in all parts of the world.
1. The development of trade routes facilitated the trading of
A. tools and weapons.

B. unprocessed materials.
C. bronze implements.
D. technological discoveries.
2. According to the passage, progress in the Bronze and Iron Ages
A. created divisions.
B. was based on the use of metals.
C. was more efficient.
D. quicken.
3. The “vital change” referred to in the text was the
A. combination of copper and tin.

B. use of metal tools.
C. development of trade routes.
D. development of raw materials.
4. According to the passage, what is true about the four periods mentioned?
A. They were clearly divided.

B. They were shown roughly by region.
C. They were created by archeologists.
D. They had sharp divisions.

EVA
EV
EVALUATIVE
VA
ALUA
LU
UAT
AT
TIV
VE AC
ACT
ACTIVITY
CT
TIV
VITY
IT
TY
Complete with the best option that 5. Let’s meet ________ the club.
grammatically fits in the blank.
A. to
1. Sara imagines ________ in the United
B. on
Nations one day.
C. at
A. works D. by
B. work
C. worked 6. Mike ________ a camel when he was in
D. working Egypt.
2. I look at the Moon with my telescope

A. ridden
________ night.
B. rides
A. much C. rode
B. every D. riding
C. by
D. most 7. ________ building over there is the
Edificio Coltejer.
3. Every child must bring ________ sheet
of paper.
A. This
B. These
A. a
B. some C. Those
C. an D. That
D. the
8. Why are you leaving? - I’m leaving
4. She tried to eat some rice ________ the ________ I’m fed up!
chopsticks but she couldn’t do it.
A. as
A. with
B. by B. because
C. down C. since
D. up D. why

9. I like Betty and Maud but I think Maud’s 15. ________ you ever been to New York?
the ________ of the two.
A. Are
A. nicest B. Were
B. nicer C. Do
C. nice
D. Have
D. less nicest
Complete with the appropriate word. 16. I am still working. I haven’t finished my work
________.
10. The ________ of the earthquake is
shocking. A. already
B. yet
A. notices C. still
B. notice D. never
C. news
D. noticeable 17. I am looking for my pen. I __________ it.
Choose the right answer:

A. have lost
11. I _____________ my homework yet. B. lost
C. did lost
A. have finish D. was lost
B. has finished
C. did finished 18. During the last two years David ____________
D. haven’t finished ten different jobs.
12. My father is on the way. He ____________ A. has has

home yet.
B. has had
C. have had
A. haven’t arrived
B. hasn’t arrived D. have has
C. didn’t arrived
D. arrived 19. I __________ a teacher since 2002.
13. I am not hungry. I have _______ eaten. A. was

B. have be
A. yet C. have been
B. now D. had be
C. just
D. ever
20. My friend ______________ my new
14. I have never ___________ to Paris. dress yet.
A. been A. haven’t seen

B. went B. didn’t see
C. go C. hasn’t see
D. was D. hasn’t seen

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ENGLIS

148 PREICFES SABER 11 LIBRO 3

1. The Gibson’s are welcoming Brian.

Wh-Questions with in past

What was your dog’s name? Its name was Yayita.

Where were you last night? I was at my granny’s house.

Who was the boy in blue at the museum? He is my cousin.

What did you do yesterday afternoon? I played tennis.

PREICFES SABER 11 LIBRO 3 149

Rules for regular verbs

1.) For most verbs add -ed at the end.

2.) If the verb already ends in e only, add d at the end.

150 PREICFES SABER 11 LIBRO 3

PREICFES SABER 11 LIBRO 3 151

The negative is formed by putting not after “is” or “are”:

The negative contractions are:

152 PREICFES SABER 11 LIBRO 3

Questions with “how many”

Questions with “how much”

PREICFES SABER 11 LIBRO 3 153

Prepositions of place are used to show where something is located.

on above over in front of

beside below under behind

We use at to show a specific place or position.

154 PREICFES SABER 11 LIBRO 3

PREICFES SABER 11 LIBRO 3 155

Countable and uncountable nouns

156 PREICFES SABER 11 LIBRO 3

PREICFES SABER 11 LIBRO 3 157

158 PREICFES SABER 11 LIBRO 3

Base Form Past Simple Past Participle

PREICFES SABER 11 LIBRO 3 159

160 PREICFES SABER 11 LIBRO 3

PREICFES SABER 11 LIBRO 3 161

162 PREICFES SABER 11 LIBRO 3

Write the past tense forms of the verbs.

PREICFES SABER 11 LIBRO 3 163

/ any Brazilian footballers in your favorite team?

1. / a skateboard park near here?

3. / any famous football teams in your town?

4. / any interesting places near your house?

5. / an English boy in your class?

164 PREICFES SABER 11 LIBRO 3

Santos Dumont Street

Rosa e Silva Avenue

Flower Music Restaurant

2. The hospital is the pet shop.

3. The toy store is the music store and the restaurant.

4. The supermarket is the restaurant.

5. The fast food restaurant is Amélia Street.

6. The bookstore is the supermarket.

7. The bank is on Santos Dumont Street the flower shop.

8. The school is Amélia Street and Rosa e Silva Avenue.

9. The pet shop is Amélia Street.

10. The flower shop is Santos Dumont Street.

PREICFES SABER 11 LIBRO 3 165

Where could you see these signs?

A. In the living room

166 PREICFES SABER 11 LIBRO 3

Rob: You're good, Paul. Have you ever entered a

Now complete the sentences. Write Rob, Paul or Dave.

1. has tried bowling before.

PREICFES SABER 11 LIBRO 3 167

Change over time