AMC ENGINEERING COLLEGE

Module 2: OPTICAL FIBER CONNECTION: JOINTS, COUPLERS & ISOLATORS

ASSIGNMENT

Monday – Tuesday
(Refer John M Senior, Chapter 5-Page 217-222)
Refer Link for better understanding
https://youtu.be/VlLCvKHUNKI
https://youtu.be/V_rDjwe4zrk

1. Explain different types of fiber alignment and joint losses with diagram?
2. What is Fresnel reflection and how this loss can be minimized. Write the equation to
determine the optical attenuation?
3. What is fiber splice and fiber connectors?
4. An optical fiber has a core RI of 1.5. Two lengths of the fiber with smooth and
perpendicular (to the core axes) end faces are butted together. Assuming the fiber
axes are perfectly aligned, calculate the optical loss in dB at the joint (due to Fresnel
reflection) when there is a small air gap between the fiber end faces.
5. A GaAs optical source with a RI of 3.6 is coupled to a silica fiber that has a RI of 1.48.
If the fiber end and the source are in close physical contact, calculate the Fresnel
reflection at the interface and power loss L.
6. Write the factors responsible for losses during joining of fibers. What is intrinsic joint
losses,
7. A Silica multimode step index fiber has a core refractive index of 1.46. Determine the
optical loss in decibels due to Fresnel reflection at a fiber joint with a small air gap.

Wednesday – Friday
(Refer John M Senior, Chapter 5-Page 233-282)
Refer Link for better understanding
https://youtu.be/RUHMotQT Rz8
https://youtu.be/JCGHHmS -efw
https://youtu.be/xba2MThR9Ls
https://youtu.be/tnbv9QdnDEo

8. Describe what is meant by the fusion splicing, mechanical splicing and multiple
splices. Discuss the advantages and drawbacks of this jointing technique.
9. What is fiber connectors. Explain different types of connectors?
10. A short note on GRIN-rod lenses?
11. Explain fiber coupler and its classification?
12. Explain WDM Couplers?
13. Difference between fiber star and tree couplers?
14. Define optical isolators and circulators? Describe the structure of the fiber Bragg
grating assisted coupler and explain how it can effectively block a specific optical
signal at a particular wavelength?
15. Explain the operation of both optical isolators and optical circulators. Discuss the use
of these devices in WDM system as three and four port devices.

Saturday
16. A four-port multimode fiber FBT coupler has 60microW optical power launched into
port 1. The measured output powers at ports 2, 3 and 4 are 0.004, 26.0 and 27.5micro
W. Determine the excess loss, the insertion losses between the input and output
ports, the crosstalk and the split ratio for the device.
17. A 32x32 port multimode fiber transmissive star coupler comprises has 1mW of optical
power launched into a single input port. The average measured optical power at each
output port is 14microW. Calculate the total loss incurred by the star coupler and the
average insertion loss through the device.