KIMURA, Yumi R.

ChE – 1 / A13
2019102775
Module 4: Exercise 1.3
Answer the problems completely.
1. Use the Hamilton method to apportion 32 seats among the given states.

State A B C D E Total
Population 23, 403 33, 870 28, 677 12, 900 42, 909 141, 759
Quota 5.2829 7.6457 6.4734 2.91198 9.6861
Initial 5 7 6 2 9
Final Seats 5 8 6 3 10
Total Population = 141759
# Seats = 32
Standard Divisor = 141759/32 = 4429.97
Quota:
A = 23403/4429.97 = 5.2829; Initial = 5; Final = 5
B = 33870/4429.97 = 7.6457; Initial = 7; Final = 8 (Has higher decimal
+1)
C = 28677/4429.97 = 6.4734; Initial = 6; Final = 6
D = 12900/4429.97 = 2.91198; Initial = 2; Final = 3 (Has higher decimal
+1)
E = 42909/4429.97 = 9.6861; Initial =9; Final = 10 (Has higher decimal
+1)

2. Use the Jefferson method for apportionment to answer Problem 1.

State A B C D E Total
Population 23, 403 33, 870 28, 677 12, 900 42, 909 141, 759
Quota 5.2829 7.6457 6.4734 2.91198 9.6861
Initial 5 7 6 2 9
Final Seats 5 8 6 3 10
Total Population = 141759
# Seats = 32
Standard Divisor = 141759/32 = 4429.97
Quota:
A = 23403/4429.97 = 5.2829; Initial = 5
B = 33870/4429.97 = 7.6457; Initial = 7
C = 28677/4429.97 = 6.4734; Initial = 6
 D = 12900/4429.97 = 2.91198; Initial = 2
E = 42909/4429.97 = 9.6861; Initial =9
Modified Divisor = 4200
Final:
A = 23403/4200 = 5.57
B = 33870/4200 = 8.06
C = 28677/4200 = 6.83
D = 12900/4200 = 3.07
E = 42909/4200 = 10.22
3. Use the Webster method for apportionment to answer Problem 1.

State A B C D E Total
Population 23, 403 33, 870 28, 677 12, 900 42, 909 141, 759
Quota 5.2829 7.6457 6.4734 2.91198 9.6861
Initial 5 8 6 3 10
Final Seats 5 8 6 3 10
Total Population = 141759
# Seats = 32
Standard Divisor = 141759/32 = 4429.97
Quota:
A = 23403/4429.97 = 5.2829; Initial = 5
B = 33870/4429.97 = 7.6457; Initial = 8
C = 28677/4429.97 = 6.4734; Initial = 6
D = 12900/4429.97 = 2.91198; Initial = 3
E = 42909/4429.97 = 9.6861; Initial = 10

4. If one seat will be added, which state should receive the additional seat based on the
Huntington-Hill number?

A B C D E
Population 23, 403 33, 870 28, 677 12, 900 42, 909
# Seats 5 8 6 3 10
A:
H = (23403)^2/5(5+1) = 18256680.3
B:
H = (33860)^2/8(8+1) = 15933012.50
C:
H = (28677)^2/6(6+1) = 19580245.93
D:
H = (12900)^2/3(3+1) = 13867500
 E:
H = (42909)^2/10(10+1) = 16738020.74

5. What causes an apportionment paradox? How can a paradox be avoided?

An apportionment paradox occurs when there is an increasing number of seats

and it increases the fair share a lot faster especially on large states than smaller states.
This could occur when the apportionment produces results that violate common sense or
shows unexpected results. Only the Hamilton’s method can produce a paradox that is
why other methods were introduced as these other methods do not produce paradoxes.

6. An Ayala prime condominium in Makati City consisting of 3 buildings has the number of
current unit owners indicated in the table below. A total of 32 board of directors will be
needed to govern the residential complex. Use the Hamilton method to apportion the said
number of directors to the three buildings.

Building Number of Unit Owners

East Building 345
North Building 248
South Building 410

East Building North Building South Building

# of Unit Owners 345 248 410
Quota 11.0070 7.9123 13.0808
Initial 11 7 13
Final (# directors) 11 8 13
Total # of Unit Owners = 345 + 248 + 410 = 1003
Total Board of Directors = 32
Standard Divisor = 1003/32 = 31.3438
Quota:
East Bldg = 345/31.3438 = 11.0070; Initial = 11; Final = 11
North Bldg = 248/31.3438 = 7.9123; Initial = 7; Final = 8 (Has higher
decimal + 1)
South Bldg = 410/31.3438 = 13.0808; Initial = 13; Final = 13
7. Use the Webster method for apportionment to answer Problem 6.

East Building North Building South Building

# of Unit Owners 345 248 410
Quota 11.0070 7.9123 13.0808
Initial 11 8 13
Final (# directors) 11 8 13
Total # of Unit Owners = 345 + 248 + 410 = 1003
Total Board of Directors = 32
Standard Divisor = 1003/32 = 31.3438
Quota:
East Bldg = 345/31.3438 = 11.0070; Initial = 11
North Bldg = 248/31.3438 = 7.9123; Initial = 8
South Bldg = 410/31.3438 = 13.0808; Initial = 13
There are exactly 32 board of directors.

8. Use the Jefferson method for apportionment to answer Problem 6.

East Building North Building South Building

# of Unit Owners 345 248 410
Quota 11.0070 7.9123 13.0808
Initial 11 7 13
Final (# directors) 11 8 13
Total # of Unit Owners = 345 + 248 + 410 = 1003
Total Board of Directors = 32
Standard Divisor = 1003/32 = 31.3438
Quota:
East Bldg = 345/31.3438 = 11.0070; Initial = 11
North Bldg = 248/31.3438 = 7.9123; Initial = 7
South Bldg = 410/31.3438 = 13.0808; Initial = 13
Modified Divisor = 30
Final:
East Bldg = 345/30 = 11.50; Initial = 11
North Bldg = 248/30 = 8.27; Initial = 8
South Bldg = 410/30 = 13.68; Initial = 13

9. If one board of director is added, which building will be entitled for the additional
director using the Huntington-Hill number in Problem 6?

East Building North Building South Building

Unit Owners 345 248 410
# of Directors 11 8 13
East Building:
H = (345)^2/11(11+1) = 901.7045
North Building:
H = (248)^2/8(8+1) = 854.22
South Building:
H = (410)^2/13(13+1) = 923.63

East Building North Building South Building

H Number 2 3 1
The board of director added should be entitled to the South Building.