ENGINEERING DRAWING

AND GRAPHICS
Course Code: ME-110

Credit Hours : 1+1

 INSTRUCTORS PROFILE

 Lecturer Muhammad Adnan Hanif

 Masters in Mechanical Engineering with Emphasis on
Structural Mechanics from Blekinge Institute of Technology,
Karlskrona, Sweden.
 Adnan.hanif@smme.nust.edu.pk
 Room Number 203 (SMME 4-Storey Building), Ext 6077
 Visit Time : Wednesday 1400-1500 hours
 COURSE OUTLINE

 Course Objectives:

 After the completion of the course, students would be able

to understand the basic concepts of Engineering Drawing and
Graphics which is the first step in product development phase. In
addition to that, students would be able to prepare and read part
drawings, production drawings, assembly drawings and manufacturing
drawings.
 COURSE OUTLINE

 Textbook:
 Engineering Drawing Plane and Solid Geometry, N. D. Bhatt, V.
M. Panchal, 49th Edition
 Reference Book:
 Engineering Drawing with an introduction to AutoCAD,
Dhanajay A Jolhe, Tata McGraw Hill
 Technical Drawing, David L. Goetsch, John A. Nelson, Willian S.
Chalk, 4th Edition, Delmar Publishers
 COURSE OUTLINE

 Main Topics to be covered:

 Projection of points, straight lines and planes
 Introduction to Engineering Drawing  Projection of solids and their section drawings
 Drawing instruments and their uses  Surfaces
 Sheet layout and sketching  Isometric Drawing

 Lines, lettering and dimensioning  Oblique and Perspective Projection

 Screw threads, screwed fastenings, riveted
 Geometrical construction
joints and welded joints
 Orthographic projection
 Computer Aided Drafting (CAD)
 COURSE OUTLINE

 Grading Policy:
 One Hour Tests : 30%
 Quizzes : 05%
 Lab Tasks : 05%
 Assignments : 10%
 Projects : 10%
 End Term Exam : 40%
 DRAWING

 A drawing is a graphic representation of an idea, a concept or an

entity which actually or potentially exists in life.

 An entity can be real or hypothetical such as machine part, house,

tool, concept car etc.

 A form of communication
 TYPES OF DRAWINGS

 Artistic Drawings

 Technical Drawings
 ARTISTIC DRAWING

 Artistic drawing can be most simple line drawings or most famous

paintings.

 Express feelings, beliefs, philosophes or an abstract idea of the

artist.

 In order to understand an artistic drawing, it is sometime necessary

to understand the artist.
 TECHNICAL DRAWINGS

 Means of clearly and concisely communicating all of the

information necessary to transform an idea or a concept into reality.

 Contains dimensions, notes, specifications, bill of materials etc.

 Transformation may require prototyping, manufacturing, assembly

or all of these.
 PURPOSE OF TECHNICAL
DRAWING

 Design process is an organized, systematic procedure in which

mathematical and scientific principles coupled with experience are
brought to solve a problem or meet a need.

 Any product that is to be manufactured, fabricated, assembled,

constructed, built must first be designed.

 For example : Automobile, Housing, Circuit Boards, etc.

A P P L I C AT I O N S O F T E C H N I C A L
D R AW I N G S

 Manufacturing

 Engineering (HVAC)

 Architecture and construction

 Industry
 WHAT STUDENTS SHOULD
LEARN

 Make Drawings.
 Read and interpret drawings.
 Drafting techniques
• Line work, lettering, scale use, sketching, geometric construction,
sectional views, orthographic views.
 Knowledge of manufacturing processes.
 Knowledge and skills in the areas of development, geometric dimensioning and
tolerancing, threads and fasteners, springs, cams, gears and CAD/CAM..
DRAWING INSTRUMENTS
 Used to prepare drawing easily and accurately.
 Accuracy and quality of drawing depends upon the quality of the instruments.
 Drawing Instruments
 T-square
 Drawing sheet or papers
 Set square
 Compass
 Protractor
 Drawing pencils (1H, 2H, 2B)
 Eraser
 Drawing pin and clamps
DRAWING INSTRUMENTS

• Drawing boards
• Lengthening bar
• French curves
• Sand paper block
• Duster
• Drafting Machine (optional0
 DRAWING SHEETS OR
PAPERS
 Medium on which drawings are composed by pencils or pens.

 Tough, strong and uniform in thickness

 On usage of rubber, fibers should not disintegrate

 Drawing sheets are available in standard sizes.

DRAWING SHEETS OR
PAPERS
DRAWING BOARDS
 DRAWING BOARDS

 Used to support a drawing sheet or paper.

 The working surface of the board is planned perfectly.

 One edge (generally left edge) is working edge to slide T-square (to
be covered in the later part of the lecture)

 Sloped downwards towards the students for ease and convenience.

T-SQUARE
 T-SQUARE

 Used to draw horizontal lines

 Acts as a base for set-squares, protractor, French curves
 Distant or top edge is used as working edge
 Made up of wood or plastic
 Stock of T-square should be held firmly with left hand against the working edge
of the board.
 Draw lines from left to right
 Pencil must be rotated while drawing lines for uniform wear of lead.
 SET-SQUARE
 Made of wood, tin or plastic

 Triangular in shape with 1 right angle

 30-60-90, 45-45-90

 Used to draw vertical lines or inclined lines at any angle

SET-SQUARE
 COMPASS

 Used to draw circles or arcs

 Consists of a needle leg and a pencil leg hinged together at upper ends
 Needle of compass should be kept slightly longer than the tip of the
pencil
 Swing the compass in clockwise direction about the needle leg with
twist of hand
 Compass should be inclined in the direction of rotation
 While drawing concentric circles, start with the smallest one
COMPASS
PROTRACTOR
 PROTRACTOR

 Made of wood, plastic or tin

 Least count : 1 degree

 Used to draw and measure the angles.

 Available separately or as merged in set-square

 DIVIDER

 Used to transfer lengths from one place to other

FRENCH CURVES
 FRENCH CURVES

 Made of acrylic or plastic

 Helps to draw a smooth curve passing through a number of non-
collinear points.
 Sometimes embedded in set-squares
 Draw curves which cannot be drawn with a compass
 Draw faint freehand curve first by joining known points
 Match the freehand curve with the longest possible curve from french
curves