hasa inggris 21

EXPLANATION TEXT

A. GENERAL FEATURE
a. Definition and perpose
Explanation is a text which tells processes relating to forming of natural, social,
scientific and cultural phenomena. Explanation text is to say ‘why’ and ‘how’ of
the forming of the phenomena. It is often found in science, geography and
history text books
Tujuan komunikatif dari explanation text adalah untuk menjelaskan proses-proses
yang terjadi terkait dengan fenomena alam, dunia ilmiah, sosial, budaya, dan
lain-lain

b. Generic Structure
Struktur teks dari explanation text adalah:
1. General statement
General statement; stating the phenomenon issues which are to be
explained.
General statement merupakan area yang berisi penjelasan umum mengenai
fenomena apa yang akan dibahas. General statement bisa berbentuk pengenalan
fenomena atau penjelasan dasar mengenai fenomena tersebut.
2. A sequenced explanation
Sequenced explanation; stating a series of steps which explain the
phenomena.
Di sinilah terjadi penjelasan mengenai mengapa dan bagaimana fenomena
tersebut terjadi. Misalkan, ada explanation text mengenai sepeda, maka di sini

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 dijelaskan mengapa orang memerlukan sepeda dan bagaimana proses
pembuatan sepeda tersebut berlangsung.
3. Closing
Closing merupakan kesimpulan dari fenomena yang dijelaskan.

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Contoh dan struktur teks tentang Global Warming:

GENERAL STATEMENT
Global warming is the increase in the earth’s temperature caused by the
greenhouse effect. What is the greenhouse effect? The greenhouse effect is the
effect of gas-generated withstanding the sunlight in order to stay on the earth and not
having radiation into space. The greenhouse effect is very useful for human life in
the earth. If there is no greenhouse effect, the earth will be very cold.
Bagian ini menjelaskan mengenai definisi dari global warming, kemudian definisi
efek rumahkaca. Masih general

SEQUENCED EXPLANATION
Which are included in the greenhouse gases? The most influential greenhouse
gases are carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide, while other gases are much less
influential. The greenhouse effect occurs naturally in the earth. But if the amount
of greenhouse gases exceeds the normal limit, the earth’s temperature will also
increase. it is called the Global warming. The earth’s temperature increases due to
the heat received which cannot be radiated back into the space. Consequently the
temperature of the earth is getting warmer and the world climate changes
Greenhouse gases which cause global warming is produced by burning fossil fuels
that are used in various industries such normally human life and transportation. If
we ignore the increase of earth’s temperature, the whole ice on earth will melt.
Consequently the sea levels rise. This phenomenon is very dangerous because it can
cause the earth surface changes.
Yang termasuk dalam gas rumah kaca? Gas rumah kaca yang paling berpengaruh
adalah karbon dioksida, metana, dan dinitrogen oksida, sedangkan gas lain kurang
berpengaruh. Efek rumah kaca terjadi secara alami di bumi. Tetapi jika jumlah
gas rumah kaca melebihi batas normal, suhu bumi juga akan meningkat. ini
disebut pemanasan global. Suhu bumi meningkat karena panas yang diterima yang
tidak dapat dipancarkan kembali ke angkasa. Akibatnya suhu bumi semakin
hangat dan iklim dunia berubah
Gas rumah kaca yang menyebabkan pemanasan global dihasilkan oleh
pembakaran bahan bakar fosil yang digunakan di berbagai industri seperti
kehidupan manusia dan transportasi. Jika kita mengabaikan peningkatan suhu
bumi, seluruh es di bumi akan mencair. Akibatnya permukaan laut naik.
Fenomena ini sangat berbahaya karena dapat menyebabkan permukaan bumi
berubah.
 CLOSING
To overcome the global warming, greenhouse emissions must be reduced or
eliminated. Therefore, it needs to look for an alternative fuel which is friendly
environment and non- emit greenhouse gases
Untuk mengatasi pemanasan global, emisi rumah kaca harus dikurangi atau
dihilangkan. Oleh karena itu, perlu dicari bahan bakar alternatif yang ramah
lingkungan dan gas rumah kaca non-emisi

B. LANGUAGE FEATURE
Ciri kebahasaan teks ini adalah:
a. Action verbs
Kata-kata kerja yang tergolong action verb antara lain yang menyatakan activity
(aktivitas), process (proses), dan momentary action (aksi berdurasi pendek). Action verb
tentunya memiliki bentuk progressive atau continuous. Beberapa contoh action verb adalah
sebagai berikut.

Type of Action Verb Action Verb Example

Activity Eat, listen, play, walk, work He plays badminton every
thursday night.
Process Change, grow, melt, shorten, Sunflowers grow fast.
widen
Momentary action Hit, jump, knock The athlete jumps
when his coach blow
the whistle.
b. Simple present tense
c. Conjunction of time result and cause/effect, for instance: so, as a result, hence,
then, because, if, etc.
d. Noun phrase, for instance: a large cloud.
e. Abstract noun (temperature, opinion, etc.)
f. Adverbial phrase
A word group with an adverb as its head. This adverb may be accompanied by
modifiers.
g. Complex sentence
Gabungan antara main clause dan subordinate clause disebut dengan
complex sentence.
E.g.
After we have had lunch, we go back to work.
Sub. clause Main clause
I first saw her in Serang, where I studied at university in 2006.
Sub. clause Main clause
h. Compound sentence
Compound sentence adalah kalimat yang di dalamnya terdiri atas dua main
clause atau lebih yang tergubung oleh conjunction/kata penghubung seperti
and, but atau so
E.g.
I love soccer so much and I am a captain of my club.
Main clause conjunction main clause
i. Passive voice of simple present tense
Contoh dan structure text tentang Rainbow:

GENERAL STATEMENT
Everyone has been familiar what rainbow is. But do you know how the process of
it is? Rainbow is a natural phenomenon which occurs with a very interesting physics
processes to be observed. So here will be described how the process of rainbow
occurs.

SEQUENCED EXPLANATION
Rainbow is a big arc spectrum which occurs due to the reflection of sunlight by
water grains. Rainbow is an optical and meteorological phenomenon in the form of
multi-colored light that seems parallel to each other in the sky or other medium.
Rainbow appears as an arc light with a tip leads to the horizon in a light rain. It
can also be seen around a raging waterfall.
Rainbow usually occurs when the air is very hot and the rain drops lightly. We can
see the phenomenon clearly if we stand against the sunlight. Rainbow can also be
formed by foggy air of frosted.
In physics, a rainbow can be explained as a natural refraction event. Refraction is
the process of decomposition of a specific color into another color (red: the color
spectrum) through a specific media.

CLOSING
The process of color decomposition occurs when the white sunlight breaks down
into a spectrum of colors through rainwater. The spectrum of colors which occur
consist of violet, red, indigo, blue, green, yellow, and orange.