G4 Hydrocyclone Manual

INSTALLATION,
OPERATION &
MAINTENANCE
MANUAL
HYDROCYCLONE
Linatex Limited
Wilkinson House
Galway Road
Blackbushe Business Park
Yateley
Hampshire
GU46 6GE
UNITED KINGDOM
Telephone: +44 (0) 1252 743000
Facsimile: +44 (0) 1252 743030
LINATEX G4 HYDROCYCLONES
Installation, Operation & Maintenance Manual
Installation, Operation and Maintenance

Manual
Linatex G4 Hydrocyclones
G4 Hydrocyclone Feb 08
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 SCOPE OF SUPPLY
2.0 DESCRIPTION
2.1 Cyclone Operation

2.2 Cyclone Components List
3.0 LIFTING AND HANDLING
4.0 CORROSION PROTECTION
4.1 External Protection

4.2 Paint Supplier
4.3 Repair Procedure for Painted Surfaces
4.4 Internal Protection
5.0 STORAGE
6.0 INSTALLATION
6.1 Lubrication
7.0 OPERATING PROCEDURES
7.1 Start Up
7.2 Shut Down
7.3 Operation
7.4 Feed Requirements
7.5 Discharge Requirements
7.6 Cyclone Adjustments
7.7 Assessing Cyclone Performance
8.0 MAINTENANCE
8.1 Component Replacement

8.2 Routine Inspection Frequency
8.3 Component Wear Life
8.4 Safety Procedures
8.5 Cyclone Disassembly Procedure
8.6 Routine Inspection
8.7 Contact Details
8.8 Cyclone Lining Replacement
9.0 CYCLONE DATA SHEET
10.0 APPENDICES
• General Assembly Drawing

• General Dimensions Drawing
1.0 SCOPE OF SUPPLY
Linatex G4 Hydrocyclone
Fitted complete with field replaceable Linatex premium rubber liners.
2.0 DESCRIPTION
2.1 Cyclone Operation
A cyclone is a device that uses centrifugal forces to classify solid particles, in a

liquid stream, by size and/or density. It has no moving parts, and uses the
energy from the pumped fluid stream to generate the centrifugal forces.
The major components of a cyclone are:

• The Feed Box – a cylindrical section, of approximately the same length
as diameter, with a tangential entry. This tangential entry causes the
feed stream to swirl around the inside of the cyclone, setting up a
“whirlpool” flow pattern, with an air core (or vortex) running up the
centre.
• The Vortex Finder prevents the feed stream short-circuiting directly to
the overflow. The internal diameter of the vortex finder has a major
influence on the capacity, the operating pressure and the cut point of the
cyclone. A range of vortex finder sizes is available to suit each cyclone
size.
• Within the cyclone, the swirling action of the “whirlpool” subjects the
particles in the feed to centrifugal forces. Larger or heavier particles are
flung outwards where they meet the side wall of the cyclone, and are
slowed down. This causes them to spiral down into the Conical
Section(s) of the cyclone.
Differential wear takes place in the Conical Sections, so these are
segmented to enable the lower sections that are subjected to higher wear
to be replaced or re-lined independently of the upper sections. This
allows maximum utilisation of the lined upper areas.
• Classified coarse solids are discharged from the Spigot at the bottom of
the cyclone. The spigot is subject to the highest wear; and its diameter
determines the volume of water discharged with the solids and hence the
underflow slurry density. For these reasons it is a small, easily
replaceable component, available in several sizes.
The cyclone is fabricated from mild steel and is fitted internally with moulded
Linatex premium rubber linings for ease of relining on site, providing optimum
service life and minimum operating and maintenance costs.
2.2 Cyclone Wear Components List
Refer to general assembly drawing provided with this manual for specific part numbers
etc the following represents a typical list of replaceable wear components:
Product Description
Feed Box Upper Liner Top feed classification section
Feed Box Lower Liner Bottom feed classification section
Inlet Wedge (150mm) Inlet size defining component
Vortex Finder (150mm) Bypass prevention component
Upper Cone Liner Upper body component

Lower Cone Liner Lower body component
Fixed Spigot Liner Underflow discharge opening
3.0 LIFTING AND HANDLING
Suitable lifting equipment must be employed for handling the hydrocyclone.
Lifting equipment must be in good working order and condition, and must not be used
above its safe working load (SWL).
Prior to lifting the hydrocyclone, care must be taken to ensure all safety precautions
have been met.
The hydrocyclone is supplied with two lifting attachment points, located on the overflow
box.
The masses of specific hydrocyclone models can be obtained from the General
Dimensions drawings accompanying this manual:
WARNING - DO NOT LIFT A COMPLETE HYDROCYCLONE IF THE UNIT IS

FULL OF LIQUID, SLURRY OR COMPACTED PROCESS MATERIAL.
4.0 CORROSION PROTECTION
As described earlier the hydrocyclone is constructed of fabricated steel painted

externally and supplied fitted with loose rubber linings internally.
4.1 External Protection
The surface treatment is as per the following specification.

Surface Abrasive blast clean to AS1627-4-1989 Class 2 1/2
Preparation
Primer Coat
Final colour: Linatex Sapphire Blue
4.3 Repair Procedure for Painted Surfaces
Ensure surface is thoroughly cleaned and remove all contaminants such as oil,
grease, dirt, salts etc.
This could be done using high pressure water washing and degreasers if
necessary.
Bare metal areas and any site welds ideally to be spot abrasive blasted to class 2
1/2. If this treatment is not possible, power tool clean the area.
Feather the edges of the existing coating and abrade the surrounding area
where the new coating will overlap.
Spot prime bare metal area with one coat of primer.
Spot coat the primed area with two coats of finish coat colour RAL 5003 to the
original dry film thickness of 50 microns each.
4.4 Internal Protection
The internal or wetted area of the cyclone uses a combination of cold bonded
rubber lining and loose moulded components. The rubber lining used is Linatex
natural rubber. For relining or repair of lining please contact:
Linatex Limited
Wilkinson House
Galway Road
Yateley
Hampshire
GU46 6GE
Phone: 01252 743000
Fax: 01252 743030
5.0 STORAGE OF EQUIPMENT
Storage of the cyclone requires special treatment, as detailed below.
Storage of cyclone must ensure that the linings are protected from mechanical damage
which can affect the erosion / corrosion protection of the unit.
If the cyclone is stored before installation, a tarpaulin must be used to cover the units
to protect against exposure to UV light, which will damage the rubber linings.
Do not lay the cyclone directly on the ground, as this may damage connecting flanges
and their gasket surfaces which are an integral part of the rubber linings.
After the cyclone has been installed and put into service, storage requirements for an
extended shut down period should include a thorough wash down and clean out of all
retained slurry material. A thorough inspection of all wear linings can be undertaken at
this time to determine the need for or timing of any lining replacement(s).
6.0 INSTALLATION
No special tools are required for the hydrocyclone installation.
The hydrocyclones are rubber lined for abrasion and corrosion protection and care must
be taken to maintain lining integrity during installation.
DO NOT WELD OR OXY/ACETYLENE CUT NEAR THE CLUSTERS DURING

INSTALLATION.
DO NOT USE ANGLE GRINDERS OR CUTTING DISCS ON RUBBER LININGS OR

LINED STEELWORK.
Rubber linings are highly flammable and are easily damaged when subjected to this type
of treatment.
The external pipe connecting flanges are also rubber lined to form an integral gasket
surface for sealing purposes. This gasket face must not be damaged during installation.
The Hydrocyclones are provided with mounting feet, which are predrilled for mounting
bolts. The steel support structures (supplied by others) should be levelled prior to
installation of the clusters.
The Hydrocyclone is to be lifted into position and orientated to suit the required pipework
connection locations. The level should be checked in at least two places at ninety
degrees to each other. Some minor shimming may be necessary to ensure mounting
feet sit correctly on supporting steelwork
The Hydrocyclone is of robust construction but is not designed to take high piping or
hydraulic loads. All connecting pipework must be independently supported to hold the
static weight of the pipe itself and the contained slurry, plus all hydraulic loads
generated by the pressurised slurry within the pipework.
6.1 Lubrication
The Cyclone requires no lubrication.
7.0 OPERATING PROCEDURES
The slurry being handled may be abrasive or corrosive. All site hygiene and site safety
rules should be followed for personal health and safety.
Your site should have its own Health and Safety procedures for working in the local
environment. These should be followed carefully, using all the correct personal
protective equipment, to avoid injuries or health problems.
Operation of the Hydrocyclone will be determined by the production rate required of

the plant. There is a range of flow rates that the cyclones can handle, however
performance will deteriorate if operated outside the defined parameters. The vortex
finder and spigot may be changed to improve performance.
The instrumentation supplied is one (1) only pressure gauge plus protector, to be
mounted at the feed inlet, to indicate the feed pressure supplied to the Hydrocyclone.
Feed pressure is a critical parameter for Hydrocyclone operation, and a diagnostic

measurement for troubleshooting. Linatex recommend that the pressure gauge, with
antifreeze filled protector, be kept in good order.
7.1 Start Up
Initial plant start up for a new plant should be on water feed only, as this will
allow a careful inspection to show leaks in any of the piping. A careful search
should also be made for any air leaks allowing air to enter the slurry feed
stream.
It is most important that entrained air is excluded from feed slurry to the
Hydrocyclone. If air is entrained in the feed slurry, the lining wear rate will
increase markedly and cyclone performance will deteriorate.
7.2 Shut Down
Please refer to item 8.6 of Maintenance.
7.3 Operation
Once the Hydrocyclone is considered to be operating satisfactorily on water the

desired feed slurry can be introduced. The Hydrocyclone has been configured by
Linatex Limited to suit the feed and cut point conditions nominated. If
significant alteration to the operating parameters is required, contact Linatex
Limited for recommendations:
Technical Product Manager – Cyclones
Linatex Limited
Wilkinson House
Galway Road
Yateley
Hampshire
GU46 6GE
Phone: 01252 743000
Fax: 01252 743030
7.4 Feed Requirements
A Hydrocyclone requires a continuous feed, without interruption or pressure

fluctuations due to changes in the feed tank level, or entrained air in the feed.
Either of these occurrences can cause coarse particles to report to the overflow.
Please note that entrained air can be due to a low level in the feed tank or
sump (pump ‘drawing air’), leaks in the pump feed pipe, leaks in the pump gland
seal, or by liquid discharging into the feed tank from a height, near the pump
suction, thus aerating the feed slurry.
The Hydrocyclone has been selected to accommodate the expected maximum

flow rate. To avoid variations in the feed rate, a constant level in the feed sump
should be maintained. Feed density should also be held as steady as possibly by
controlling the flow of solids and dilution water, if used.
Changes in the feed density will change the feed pressure at the Hydrocyclone
inlet. An increase in solids density in the feed will decrease the inlet pressure,
while a decrease in solids density in the feed will increase the inlet pressure.
Changes in feed pressure will alter the way the Hydrocyclone operates, and can
also be used as an indicator of wear in the feed pump. Refer to the pump
manufacturer’s instructions for pump faults.
For stable operation, a Hydrocyclone typically requires a minimum feed pressure

of approximately 30kPa. If operational requirements of the circuit require a
lower feed volume, a change in vortex finder size could be made to maintain an
acceptable feed pressure. Contact Linatex Limited for advice.
Wear on the Hydrocyclone will increase dramatically as feed pressure increases.

Linatex recommend a practical maximum feed pressure of 250kPa.
If operational requirements of the process require a greater feed volume, a

change in vortex finder size could be made to maintain an acceptable feed
pressure.
Our Hydrocyclones are designed for a maximum feed pressure of 350kPa (with a
2x safety factor), should there be a pressure excursion caused by blockages, for
example.
7.5 Discharge Requirements
The Hydrocyclone must discharge freely to atmosphere at both the underflow

and the overflow. The spigot should not be submerged or hindered in any way.
7.6 Cyclone Adjustments
No physical adjustment of the Hydrocyclone is possible during operation.

Adjustment of Hydrocyclone configuration (for example vortex finder, spigot or
wedge change) can only be done after isolation and shutdown of the cyclone.
All safety precautions must be taken to avoid start up of the Hydrocyclone feed
pump prior to starting any configuration change. The Hydrocyclone isolating
valves should also be closed and locked in that position while all work is being
carried out.
The principal Hydrocyclone adjustments that are available are an increase or

decrease of the vortex finder and spigot diameters, and the addition of an
extended feed box. Linatex can advise on those changes required to suit any
new duty point for the Hydrocyclone.
The other adjustment is the Hydrocyclone feed pressure. Adjustment of feed

pressure can be achieved by varying the performance of the Hydrocyclone feed
pump and thus the feed pressure. An increase in the feed pressure or feed rate
typically has the following effects –
1. Cut size becomes finer.

2. Underflow density will rise.
3. Cyclone liner wear will increase.
7.7 Assessing Cyclone Performance
The principal criterion for assessing Hydrocyclone performance is the

classification achieved by the Hydrocyclone. This requires sampling of the feed,
the underflow and the overflow streams and size analysis to determine if the cut
point is satisfactory. Sampling frequency depends upon process requirements.
8.0 MAINTENANCE
Monitoring the Hydrocyclone for wear is important as damage to the steel housings can
occur if the wear liners are left in service until completely worn through. Linatex
Limited recommends that an initial inspection be carried out one month after start up.
The initial inspection should not be left for more than two months. After this initial
inspection Linatex Limited recommends internal inspections every two months, until a
measure of the rate of wear can be firmly established.
Maintenance of the Hydrocyclone will be limited to monitoring the condition of the wear
linings. This is done by visual inspection, physical measurements, and sample analysis
to check on performance.
8.1 Component Replacement
The only maintenance operation on a Hydrocyclone is the replacement of a

component when the Linatex liner has worn through.
Components of a Linatex Hydrocyclone must only be replaced with genuine

Linatex Natural rubber components purchased from Linatex Limited.
Performance of the Hydrocyclone may be adversely affected by the use on non
authorized components and any warranty conditions will be invalidated.
Linatex wear protection components (liners) are site replaceable and must be
replaced prior to the lining wearing through. To ensure this, regular internal
inspections should be carried out as described below.
8.2 Routine Inspection Frequency
The frequency of internal inspection of a Hydrocyclone varies with the wear rate
experienced in the duty. The wear rate in a duty depends on many factors of
the feed :–
• Mineral characteristics – hard or abrasive ore, higher wear
• Particle size – large particles, higher wear
• Particle shape and sharpness – flat, sharp particles, higher wear
• Feed pressure – higher pressure, higher wear (square law)
• Feed slurry % solids – high % solids, higher wear.
Linatex Limited recommends internal inspections every two months, until a

measure of the rate of wear can be firmly established.
8.3 Component Wear Life
The wear rate inside a Linatex Hydrocyclone for different components within the
unit and application conditions. Experience has shown that the ratio of wear life
of the components is approximately:-
Component Life Ratio

Overflow Pipe 4
Feed Box Upper Liner 4
Feed Box Lower Liner 4
Wedge 4
Vortex Finder 4
Upper Cone Liner 3
Lower Cone Liner 2
Spigot Liner 1
So for example, if the spigot lasts three months, the feed box is likely to last
approximately twelve months. Whilst this is not exact, and cannot be
guaranteed, it is a good general guideline.
8.4 Safety Procedures
For individual Hydrocyclone maintenance, safety precautions must be taken to

ensure that the Hydrocyclone isolated from process flow. The feed pump and /or
isolating valve must be securely locked off. It must not be able to be restarted
until maintenance is completed and the Hydrocyclone is ready for use.
8.5 Cyclone Disassembly Procedure.
1) Isolate the cyclone from slurry feed. Note the previously mentioned safety
precautions to avoid personal injury.
2) Refer to the Hydrocyclone assembly drawing for part descriptions. Use the
listed part numbers for re-ordering purposes.
3) Assess the extent of disassembly required to replace the affected
component(s), if necessary remove the cyclone from the structure to a safe
working position for full dismantling.
4) Thoroughly clean the cyclone. A pressure washer is ideal for this purpose (Care
must be taken not to damage the natural rubber liners with the high pressure
water jet).
5) Any components replaced should be refitted ensuring the correct seating/
positioning of sealing flanges.
Reassembly of the cyclone is essentially the reverse of the above disassembly

procedure. Some important items to note are listed below.
1. On all bolt assemblies Linatex recommend an anti seize lubricant be applied prior
to torquing bolts. Linatex recommend Rocol J166 Anti Seize or equivalent.
2. Bolt tightening torques used are:-
M10 - 55Nm for all M10 bolts used in the assembly.

M12 - 55Nm for all M12 bolts used in the assembly.
M16 - 75Nm for inlet flange to cyclone.
M16 – 75Nm for overflow pipe to overflow box.
8.6 Routine Inspection
An inspection of a Hydrocyclone should include:
• Before Shutdown – External Check

Visual check of exterior for leaks.
Check that feed pressure gauge is operational, and that the reading is not
fluctuating widely.
• While Offline
Check that Hydrocyclone is isolated, and is not being fed.
Unbolt Spigot Housing. Shine torch up Hydrocyclone to visually check for wear.
Unbolt Overflow pipe and remove vortex finder to visually check for wear.
• Measurements
During inspection the internal diameter of the vortex finder and spigot should
be measured and compared with the size fitted initially, as specified on the
assembly drawings.
8.7 Contact Details
Customer Services
Linatex Limited
Wilkinson House
Galway Road
Yateley
Hampshire
GU46 6GE
Phone: 01252 743000

Fax: 01252 743030
8.8 Hydrocyclone Lining Replacement
The Hydrocyclones have moulded Linatex rubber liners. Linatex recommend

that these liners be replaced when they reach approximately 30% of their
original installed thickness. When a liner becomes too thin the force applied to
its surface by the moving slurry may distort it. This disturbs the slurry flow path
and adversely affects cyclone performance.
Hydrocyclone Lining Thicknesses

Item Original Lining Replace At
(mm) (mm)
Feed Box 25 10
Conical Sections 15 5
The internal diameter of the vortex finder and spigot are selected to match the
specified duty cut point, by controlling the volumetric flow rates of the overflow
and underflow flow streams. The ratio of spigot to vortex finder diameters is
also important to maintain the design classification cut point within acceptable
limits. When these items wear, resulting in an increase in internal diameter, this
affects the performance of the Hydrocyclone.
To determine when a spigot and/or vortex finder requires replacement is best

done by size analysis of overflow or underflow flow stream samples, to
determine if the sample is within acceptable limits. The size analysis will also
show if valuable product is mis-reporting, being recirculated or being lost to
waste.
Linatex recommend that when the spigot and vortex finder wear, the increase in
internal diameter from that originally fitted be limited to between 5% and 8%.
Recommended replacement diameters are in the table below.
Wear of abrasion resistant liners can have detrimental effects on the hydraulic
flow characteristics of the Hydrocyclone. However, replacement of one worn
item may not give the expected change in Hydrocyclone performance. The
cause of this is usually that a new lining has been paired with a well worn lining,
producing a ‘step’ in the lining which disrupts the slurry flow path. Such steps in
the direction of flow cause eddy currents which can cause accelerated localised
wear and mis-reporting of solids. This must be borne in mind when planning
maintenance of these items.
9.0 APPENDICES
PIGGOT SHAFT DRILLING
45058EAA5423EAEA - 250 Gen 10 Our Reference Number 245719
Item Number Description No req'd Installed

45061EAA5249EAEA Feed Box Top 1 1
45061EAA5248EAEA Feed Box Bottom 1 1
45061EAA5247EAEA Cone Housing 250mm-150mm 1 1
45061EAA5246EAEA Cone Housing 150mm-80mm 1 1
45061EAA5245EAEA Cam Handle 1 1
45061EAA5251EAEA Spigot retaining housing 1 1
43024MAA0081EAEA Feed Box Top Liner 1 1
43024MAA0080EAEA Feed Box Bottom Liner 1 1
45065EAA5006EAEA Cone Liner 250mm-150mm 1 1
45065EAA5005EAEA Cone Liner 150mm-80mm 1 1
43024MAA0079EAEA Inlet Wedge 50mm 1
45061EAA5033EAEA Inlet Wedge 63mm 1
43024MAA5012EAEA Inlet Wedge 75mm 1 1
43024MAA0055EAEA Spigot Liner 80mm 1
43024MAA0054EAEA Spigot Liner 65mm 1 1
Vortex Finder 55mm 1
45061EAA7137EAEA Vortex Finder 90mm 1 1
15/02/2008
LINATEX EUROPE GENESIS CYCLONES
OPEN CIRCUIT PERFORMANCE PREDICTIONS
Feed Underflow Overflow Client: Piggott Shaft Drilling

Solids SG 2.67 2.67 2.67 Contact: Colin Piggott
Liquid SG 1.0 1.0 1.0 Duty: Cycloning
Quote No:
Solids Mass Flow t/h 60 45 15 Date: 11th November 2007
Solids Volume Flow m³/h 22 17 6
Solids Recovery % 100% 75% 25% Comments:
3 x 250 cyclones.
Liquid Mass Flow t/h 230 16.9 213
Liquid Volume Flow m³/h 230 16.9 213
Liquid Split % 100% 7% 93%
Slurry Mass Flow t/h 290 62 227

Slurry Volume Flow m³/h 252 34 218
Solids % w/w 21% 73% 6.5%

Solids % v/v 9% 50% 2.5%
Slurry RD t/m³ 1.15 1.84 1.04
Spigot K Factor factor 0.20

Viscosity Factor factor 53
Liquid Viscosity centipoise 4.0
Fishtail Fitted Y/N Y Sep
XFB or 10deg cone Y/N N Std
Vertical, 45deg, Horiz factor 1
Cone Angle factor 1
Model 250 Gen

250 Gen- 10/20
- 10 3
Inlet 50, 63, 75
VF 55 , 70 , 80 , 90 , 95 , 100
Spigot 20 to 70 (typical)
Cyclone Selection 250 Gen - 10/20 Std Feed Pressure 79 kPa 11.49 psi
Inlet Diameter 75 mm Spigot Diameter 65 mm 2.56 inches
Vortex Finder Diameter 100 mm d50 Base 35 µm Actaul Spigot Selection
Number of Cyclones 3 d50 Corrected 73 µm 40 1.57
mm inches
Feed Underflow Overflow Actual
Size Cum % Individual Cum % Individual Cum % Individual Recovery
Microns Passing % Retained Passing % Retained Passing % Retained % to U/F
500 100% topsize 100% 100%
300 90% 10% 87% 13% 100% 0% 100%
200 80% 10% 73% 13% 100% 0% 100%
150 60% 20% 47% 26% 100% 0% 100%
100 42% 18% 25% 22% 94% 6% 92%
75 32% 10% 16% 9% 81% 13% 68%
60 20% 12% 8% 8% 56% 25% 48%
50 5% 15% 1% 7% 17% 39% 36%
30 2% 3% 0% 1% 7% 9% 22%
10 0% 2% 0% 0% 0% 7% 11%
Total 100% 100% 100% 75%
Predicted Cyclone Performance

100%
Cumulative % Passing
10%
Overflow
Feed
Underflow
1%
10 100 Size (Micron) 1,000
File: PSD 8117 10.xls OpenCyc Printed: 28/02/2008

PIGGOT SHAFT DRILLING
45058EAA5312EAEA - 500 Gen 15 Our Reference Number 237499
Item Number Description No req'd Installed

45061EAA5300EAEA Cam Handle 1 1
45061EAA5233EAEA Spigot retaining housing 1 1
43024MAA5008EAEA Feed Box Bottom Liner 1 1
43024MAA5009EAEA Feed Box Top Liner 1 1
45061EAA5305EAEA Feed Box Top 1 1
45061EAA5304EAEA Feed Box Bottom 1 1
45061EAA5302EAEA Cone housing 500mm-250mm 1 1
45061EAA5301EAEA Cone housing 250mm-150mm 1 1
45065EAA5012EAEA Cone housing Liner 500mm-250mm 1 1
45065EAA5007EAEA Cone housing liner 250mm-150mm 1 1
43024MAA5007EAEA Inlet Wedge 100mm 1
45061EAA5035EAEA Inlet Wedge 125mm 1
43024MAA5010EAEA Inlet Wedge 150mm 1 1
15/02/2008
LINATEX EUROPE GENESIS CYCLONES
OPEN CIRCUIT PERFORMANCE PREDICTIONS
Feed Underflow Overflow Client: Piggott Shaft Drilling

Solids SG 2.67 2.67 2.67 Contact: Michael Rowlinson
Liquid SG 1.0 1.0 1.0 Duty: Cycloning
Quote No:
Solids Mass Flow t/h 40 40 0 Date: 8th August 2007
Solids Volume Flow m³/h 15 15 0
Solids Recovery % 100% 100% 0% Comments:
Liquid Mass Flow t/h 210 14.9 195

Liquid Volume Flow m³/h 210 14.9 195
Liquid Split % 100% 7% 93%
Slurry Mass Flow t/h 250 55 195

Slurry Volume Flow m³/h 225 30 195
Solids % w/w 16% 73% 0.1%

Solids % v/v 7% 50% 0.0%
Slurry RD t/m³ 1.11 1.84 1.00
Spigot K Factor factor 0.20

Viscosity Factor factor 53
Liquid Viscosity centipoise 1.0
Fishtail Fitted Y/N Y Sep
XFB or 10deg cone Y/N N Std
Vertical, 45deg, Horiz factor 1
Cone Angle factor 1
Model 500 Gen

500 Gen- 15
- 15 5
Inlet 100, 125, 150
VF 140, 150, 160, 170, 180
Spigot 50 to 140 (typical)
Cyclone Selection 500 Gen - 15 Std Feed Pressure 76 kPa 11.08 psi
Inlet Diameter 150 mm Spigot Diameter 115 mm 4.53 inches
Vortex Finder Diameter 150 mm d50 Base 43 µm Actaul Spigot Selection
Number of Cyclones 1 d50 Corrected 43 µm 40 1.57
mm inches
Feed Underflow Overflow Actual
Size Cum % Individual Cum % Individual Cum % Individual Recovery
Microns Passing % Retained Passing % Retained Passing % Retained % to U/F
2,000 100% topsize 100% 100%
1,600 90% 10% 90% 10% 100% 0% 100%
1,000 80% 10% 80% 10% 100% 0% 100%
630 60% 20% 60% 20% 100% 0% 100%
400 42% 18% 42% 18% 100% 0% 100%
300 32% 10% 32% 10% 100% 0% 100%
200 20% 12% 20% 12% 100% 0% 100%
100 5% 15% 5% 15% 100% 0% 100%
50 0% 5% 0% 5% 0% 100% 93%
0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 24%
Total 100% 100% 100% 100%
Predicted Cyclone Performance

100%
Cumulative % Passing
Overflow
Feed
Underflow
10%
10 100 1,000 Size (Micron) 10,000
File: PSD 887.xls OpenCyc Printed: 28/02/2008

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INSTALLATION,

Installation, Operation & Maintenance Manual

Installation, Operation and Maintenance

Installation, Operation & Maintenance Manual

1.0 SCOPE OF SUPPLY

2.1 Cyclone Operation

3.0 LIFTING AND HANDLING

4.0 CORROSION PROTECTION

4.1 External Protection

7.0 OPERATING PROCEDURES

8.1 Component Replacement

9.0 CYCLONE DATA SHEET

• General Assembly Drawing

Installation, Operation & Maintenance Manual

1.0 SCOPE OF SUPPLY

Fitted complete with field replaceable Linatex premium rubber liners.

2.1 Cyclone Operation

A cyclone is a device that uses centrifugal forces to classify solid particles, in a

The major components of a cyclone are:

Installation, Operation & Maintenance Manual

2.2 Cyclone Wear Components List

Upper Cone Liner Upper body component

3.0 LIFTING AND HANDLING

Suitable lifting equipment must be employed for handling the hydrocyclone.

 WARNING - DO NOT LIFT A COMPLETE HYDROCYCLONE IF THE UNIT IS

Installation, Operation & Maintenance Manual

4.0 CORROSION PROTECTION

As described earlier the hydrocyclone is constructed of fabricated steel painted

4.1 External Protection

The surface treatment is as per the following specification.

4.3 Repair Procedure for Painted Surfaces

4.4 Internal Protection

Installation, Operation & Maintenance Manual

5.0 STORAGE OF EQUIPMENT

Storage of the cyclone requires special treatment, as detailed below.

No special tools are required for the hydrocyclone installation.

 DO NOT WELD OR OXY/ACETYLENE CUT NEAR THE CLUSTERS DURING

 DO NOT USE ANGLE GRINDERS OR CUTTING DISCS ON RUBBER LININGS OR

Installation, Operation & Maintenance Manual

The Cyclone requires no lubrication.

7.0 OPERATING PROCEDURES

Operation of the Hydrocyclone will be determined by the production rate required of

Feed pressure is a critical parameter for Hydrocyclone operation, and a diagnostic

7.2 Shut Down

Please refer to item 8.6 of Maintenance.

Installation, Operation & Maintenance Manual

Once the Hydrocyclone is considered to be operating satisfactorily on water the

Technical Product Manager – Cyclones

7.4 Feed Requirements

A Hydrocyclone requires a continuous feed, without interruption or pressure

The Hydrocyclone has been selected to accommodate the expected maximum

For stable operation, a Hydrocyclone typically requires a minimum feed pressure

Wear on the Hydrocyclone will increase dramatically as feed pressure increases.

Installation, Operation & Maintenance Manual

Linatex recommend a practical maximum feed pressure of 250kPa.

If operational requirements of the process require a greater feed volume, a

7.5 Discharge Requirements

The Hydrocyclone must discharge freely to atmosphere at both the underflow

7.6 Cyclone Adjustments

No physical adjustment of the Hydrocyclone is possible during operation.

The principal Hydrocyclone adjustments that are available are an increase or

The other adjustment is the Hydrocyclone feed pressure. Adjustment of feed

1. Cut size becomes finer.

7.7 Assessing Cyclone Performance

WARNING - DO NOT LIFT A COMPLETE HYDROCYCLONE IF THE UNIT IS

DO NOT WELD OR OXY/ACETYLENE CUT NEAR THE CLUSTERS DURING

DO NOT USE ANGLE GRINDERS OR CUTTING DISCS ON RUBBER LININGS OR