A Comparative Analysis of the Effectiveness of Surface Modification Methods (Sorbent Mercerization and Heat

​ ​.) ​Leaves as Crude Oil Sorbent

Treatment) in Enhancing the Efficiency of Water Lettuce (​Pistia stratiotes L

APPENDIX

Figure 1. Heat treatment process on ​Pistia stratiotes ​L.​ ​samples.

Figure 2. Results of heat treatment on ​Pistia stratiotes ​L.​ ​samples.

Figure 3. Sorbent mercerization treatment.

APPENDIX 1
A Comparative Analysis of the Effectiveness of Surface Modification Methods (Sorbent Mercerization and Heat
​ ​.) ​Leaves as Crude Oil Sorbent
Treatment) in Enhancing the Efficiency of Water Lettuce (​Pistia stratiotes L

Figure 4. Buoyancy test on ​Pistia ​samples.

Figure 5. Oil adsorption test on the control group.

​ ​. l​ eaves submerged in crude oil.

Figure 6. ​Pistia stratiotes L

APPENDIX 2
A Comparative Analysis of the Effectiveness of Surface Modification Methods (Sorbent Mercerization and Heat
​ ​.) L
Treatment) in Enhancing the Efficiency of Water Lettuce (​Pistia stratiotes L ​ eaves as Crude Oil Sorbent

Table 1

​ ​. l​ eaves
Results of the heat treatment on ​Pistia stratiotes L

SAMPLE INITIAL POST-TREAT WEIGHT LOSS PRE-TREAT POST-TREAT

WEIGHT MENT PERCENTAGE MENT SIZE MENT SIZE
(in g) WEIGHT (in cm) (in cm)
(in g)

1 0.696 0.046 -93.39% 5.23 x 5.71 4.31 x 5.07

2 0.732 0.132 -81.97% 5.40x 5.82 4.10 x 4.48

3 0.678 0.098 -85.55% 5.38 x 5.80 3.89 x 5.18

4 0.772 0.042 -94.56% 5.52 x 5.61 4.60 x 4.21

5 0.642 0.032 -95.02% 5.30 x 5.41 3.57 x 5.01

6 0.580 0.030 -94.83% 5.40 x 5.75 3.52 x 4.53

AVERAGE -90.89%

Table 2

​ ​. ​leaves
Results of the sorbent mercerization treatment on ​Pistia stratiotes L

SAMPLE INITIAL POST-TREAT WEIGHT LOSS PRE-TREAT POST-TREAT

WEIGHT MENT PERCENTAGE MENT SIZE MENT SIZE
(in g) WEIGHT (in cm) (in cm)
(in g)

1 0.525 0.038 -92.76% 5.12 x 4.53 4.38 x 3.40

2 0.473 0.040 -91.54% 4.62 x 4.71 4.08 x 3.35

3 0.521 0.028 -94.63% 4.90 x 4.37 4.32 x 3.36

4 0.556 0.043 -92.27% 5.02 x 4.33 4.11 x 3.22

5 0.507 0.041 -91.91% 4.91 x 4.24 4.22 x 3.29

6 0.542 0.043 -92.07% 5.03 x 4.15 4.40 x 3.32

AVERAGE -92.53%

APPENDIX 3
A Comparative Analysis of the Effectiveness of Surface Modification Methods (Sorbent Mercerization and Heat
​ ​.) L
Treatment) in Enhancing the Efficiency of Water Lettuce (​Pistia stratiotes L ​ eaves as Crude Oil Sorbent

Table 3

Buoyancy test results

SORBENT TRIAL: 15 mins 1 hour 12 hours 24 hrs

TYPE WEIGHT (in g)

CONTROL 1: 0.978
GROUP:
Untreated 2: 1.008 DID NOT SETTLE
3: 1.005

TEST GROUP 1: 0.038

A: Sorbent
Mercerization 2: 0.040 DID NOT SETTLE
3: 0.028

TEST GROUP 1: 0.046

B: Heat
Treatment 2: 0.132 DID NOT SETTLE
3: 0.098

APPENDIX 4
A Comparative Analysis of the Effectiveness of Surface Modification Methods (Sorbent Mercerization and Heat
​ ​.) L
Treatment) in Enhancing the Efficiency of Water Lettuce (​Pistia stratiotes L ​ eaves as Crude Oil Sorbent

Table 5

Oil adsorption test results

GROUP TRIAL INITIAL FINAL WEIGHT OF PERCENT

WEIGHT WEIGHT OIL WEIGHT
ADSORBED ADSORBED

UNTREATED 1 0.149 g 0.166 g 0.017 g 11.4%

2 0.229 g 0.286 g 0.057 g 24.9%

3 0.161 g 0.227 g 0.066 g 41.0%

AVERAGE 0.047 g 25.7%

HEAT 4 0.042 g 0.157 g 0.115 g 274%

TREATMENT
5 0.032 g 0.133 g 0.101 g 316%

6 0.030 g 0.094 g 0.064 g 213%

AVERAGE 0.093 g 267.7%

SORBENT 7 0.043 g 0.163 g 0.120 g 279%

MERCERIZATION
8 0.041 g 0.201 g 0.160 g 390%

9 0.043 g 0.176 g 0.133 g 309%

AVERAGE 0.137 g 326.0%

Table 6

Summary of results

SORBENT TYPE AVERAGE AMOUNT PERCENT DIFFERENCE

OF OIL ADSORBED WEIGHT FROM
ADSORBED UNTREATED

UNTREATED 0.047 g 25.7%

HEAT TREATMENT 0.093 g 267.7% 242%

SORBENT MERCERIZATION 0.137 g 326.0% 300.3%

APPENDIX 5
A Comparative Analysis of the Effectiveness of Surface Modification Methods (Sorbent Mercerization and Heat
​ ​.) L
Treatment) in Enhancing the Efficiency of Water Lettuce (​Pistia stratiotes L ​ eaves as Crude Oil Sorbent

Graph 1

Comparison of oil adsorption test results

APPENDIX 6