ISSN 2394-3777 (Print)

ISSN 2394-3785 (Online)

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International Journal of Advanced Research Trends in Engineering and Technology (IJARTET)

Vol. 7, Issue 3, March 2020

Review on Recycled Aluminium Dross and it’s

Utility in Hot Weather Concreting
Balakrishnan.S¹, Geetha.M², Vigneshwar.T³, Vaitheeswaran.S4, Sivaranjani.M5
U.G. Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, Adithya Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, India 1,2,3,4
Assistant professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Adithya Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, India 5

Abstract: Aluminium dross is a byproduct of Aluminium production, which could further be processed to recover the
aluminium. Today, a good deal of energy is consumed to recover aluminium from the dross; this energy could be saved if
the dross is utilized as an engineering material. Generally, the salt cake, which is obtained from the processing of
aluminium dross, is used for land filling. This is the turn cause of leaching (i.e) loss of minerals from the soil. Due to this,
the soil becomes unfertile. This causes environmental pollution. From the research, investigation has to be carried out to
find the behavior of concrete with aluminium dross. Therefore in this project, it is used as a retarder for hot weather
concreting. Concreting done at temperature more 30°C is termed as hot weather concreting.

Keywords: Setting time, Workability, Aluminium dross, Fly ash and Silica fume.
I. INTRODUCTION
Normally, silica fume and fly ash were added to the
higher grade of concrete. The strength characteristic such
as a compressive strength, tensile strength were
investigated to find the strength of concrete after addition
of an admixture. Compressive strength and Tensile
strength for different proportion were studied at 7,14and
28 days. Aluminium dross was added 5, 10 and15
percentage. It increases the rate of setting time.
Bhong sanket N, DevkarSumit, Gaikurad Rohit, has
published on 09 may 2019.Aluminium dross as a value
added product in mortar. From their study there are two
forms of aluminium dross white aluminium dross and
black aluminium dross. White dross is formed from
primary refining waste and black aluminium is formed
from secondary refining. Interestingly the main
constituents Al and Al2O3, yet ironically, MgO and
MgAl2O4. In Black aluminium dross content ranging
between 12 and 18% and layer salt content. Use of
aluminium dross improves the stiffness and abrasion
resistance and controls micro cracking.
Panditharadhya BJ, Raviraj H Mulangi, A V
Ravishankar, has published 2019 Impact on workability
and setting time of Portland cement concrete with
secondary aluminium dross as an alternative binder. From
their study secondary aluminium dross is partial
replacement for ordinary Portland cement is evaluated.
Consistency and setting time of cement paste sample are
determined which shows the lag is setting time of paste.
Workability and Setting time of concrete mixes with 5,
10, 15 and 20% of secondary are evaluated. Retardation of
setting time and increase in the workability is the main
study.
Rojasharon C, Sabarigirivasan was published on 2018.
Experimental Investigation of RC Beam using recycled
aluminium dross. From their study they carried out the
parital replacement of cement with aluminium dross in
ratio 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% in concrete. In that setting
time increase by about 20 minutes at 20% replacement.
Optimum results at 15% replacement level than the
conventional RC Beam. Compressive strength decrease
but they recommended to use it is as a admixture, whlist
manufacturing concreting under hot climate.
Aneel kumar At Al was published on 2018 from his
study the tensile and flexural strength of cement silica
fume concrete. They reported that the cement silica fume
concrete. They reported that the cement silica fume
concrete showed 26 % higher splitting tensile strength and
22% higher flexural strength than that of cement concrete.
When 6 to 7.5% of cement was replaced with silica fume
and concrete was cured for 7 days.
N Y Galat published on 2017 from their study
Performance of concrete using aluminium dross. The
objective of this project is to investigate the potential use
of dross in concrete products such as non-aerated
concrete, concrete cubes. The advantage of this concrete

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International Journal of Advanced Research Trends in Engineering and Technology (IJARTET)
Vol. 7, Issue 3, March 2020
over the conventional concrete is the reduction in the
quantity of raw materials.
Gireesh M published on 2016. Conducted study on
Investigation of concrete produced using recycled
aluminium for hot weather cooncreting condition. They
investigated the utilization of recycled aluminium dross in
producing concrete which is suitable for hot weather
concreting condition. The result observed that initial
setting time of the recycled aluminium dross concrete
extended by about 30 minutes at 20% replacement level.
Shaik M.H. published on 2016 He worked on An
experimental Investigation on use of secondary
aluminium dross in cement concrete. They studied
mechanical properties of new concrete type obtained by
adding aluminium dross, which is an impure aluminium
mixture obtained from metals melting and mixing with
flux. The result of this study indicate that aluminium dross
can be used as an ingredient upto 5% to improve
expanded concrete.
Campbell Kosmatka published on, Strum, 2016. The
amount of carbonization is significantly increased in
concrete with a high water. Cementing material ratio, low-
cement content, short curing period, low strength and a
highly permeable or porous paste. The depth of
carbonation of good quality concrete is generally of little
practical significant amount in concrete with short
(normal) moist curing period.
Abdurahim A published on 2015. Conducted study on
evaluating the chemical composition and the molar heat
capacities of a white aluminium dross. They studied
evaluating of the chemical composition and the molar
specific heat of white aluminium dross. Which is dross by
using energy disperssive analysis (EDS) technique and
micro – reaction calorimeter (µRC) respectively. They
determined weight percentage of chemical composition of
the aluminium dross consist of Al (42.54%); C (6.09%); O
(22.53%); Mg (15.34%); Fe (10.15%) and k (2.37%) used
in concrete to improve the quality.
Ashfi and Harjinder published on 2015 studied the
effect of mineral admixtures on characteristics of high
strength concrete. They found that fly ash, blast furnace
slag and silica fume to concrete lead to improvement in
compressive strength and split tensile strength of concrete
of concrete at all ages.
Samuel et Al published on 2015 conducted an
evaluation of effects of synthetic compound and mineral
admixture on crystal. The investigation has demonstration
that reinforcing pure cement with additives especially
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white kaolin. Extracted silica, periminkle shell and
carbonate has effects on its lattice structure.
L. Lam, Y.L Wang, C.S Poon published on 2015 in
their studied entitled effect of fly ash and silica fume on
compressive and fracture behaviors of concrete had
concluded enhancement in strength properties of concrete
by adding different percentage of fly ash and silica fume.
Mammohan and Mehta published on 2015 from their
study that the durability to chemical attack is improved
with the use of most fly ash and slag mainly due to the
pore refinement of concrete made with such materials.
Experimental have shown the cement pastes containing
10-30% low calcium fly ash causes significant pore
reinforcement in the 28 days curing period.
Ray published on 2015 found that the hydration rates
are greatest in silica fume paste. Followed by OPC pastes
and fly ash pastes it was found that the degree of reaction
of silica fume is much greater than fly ash paste even at
90 days. Presently due to silica fume high specific area
and that the overall reaction with class C ash is greater
than class F after a few days.
M Satish Reddy published on 2014 has worked on An
experimental Investigation on use of secondary
aluminium dross in concrete the objective of the paper is
to utilize the aluminium dross in the natural cycle by
using is an engineered material and to investigation the
mechanical properties of new concrete type obtained by
adding aluminium dross can be used up to 5% to improve
quality of concrete.
Nesibe G.O published on 2014 conducted study on the
effect of aluminium dross on mechanical and corrosion
properties of concrete they investigated the mechanical
and chemical behavior of new concrete type obtained by
adding aluminium dross. They concluded that up to a
certain limit. Aluminium dross. They concluded that up to
a certain limit. Aluminum dross can improve expanded
concrete and corrosion resistivity of concrete.
J V Hwang, X.Huang and Z. Xu published on
2014.Various aluminium smelting by products from three
production sources were received and characterized. The
waste minerals were tested for compound identification
and environmental acceptance. A coarse metallic
aluminium recovery test using an eddy current separator
(ECS) was perforated using two circuit configuration.
White dross perforated equally well with either circuit,
white black dross processing shows significant difference
on the separation results. It was found that ECS
technology was effective for particle size down 6-10
mesh.
15
 ISSN 2394-3777 (Print)
ISSN 2394-3785 (Online)
Available online at www.ijartet.com

International Journal of Advanced Research Trends in Engineering and Technology (IJARTET)

Vol. 7, Issue 3, March 2020

S.O Adeosun, M.A. Usman, W.A. Ayoola and L.O.
Sokunowo published on 13 february 2012. When
aluminium dross comes contact with water it emits
harmful gases such as NH3, CH4, PH3, H2 and H2S
causes health problem such as Alzheimer disease, silicosis
and compressive and ultimate tensile test are done
resulted more than conventional concrete.
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[4]. Aneel Kumar, Faisal Iqbal, Rizwan Ali Memon and Agha Faisal
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