Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Service Manual
GE-LUNAR Corporation makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material, and shall not be
held liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection
with the furnishings or use of this manual.
Read through this manual thoroughly before attempting to service any components. Unauthorized
service may void system warranties or service contracts. Consult the GE-LUNAR Customer
Support Department prior to attempting any servicing:
608-828--2663
608-826-7107 (Fax)
A person who will be performing service work on the PRODIGY should use this manual in the
following manner:
Read the Safety and Overview Chapters to familiarize yourself with the scanner as a whole and
with the general function of the circuit boards.
The Chapter 4 and Chapter 5 contain common procedures and troubleshooting information and
can be read as needed, but are good sources of information.
When a problem arises, Chapter 4 should be referenced. Check the table of contents for Chapter 4
to see if the problem being experienced is described. If so, refer to the appropriate page. If not, try
to generalize the problem (e.g. the Detector is repeatedly running into the front of the scanner and
reversing and then running back into the front of the scanner. This is a mechanical problem in
general, specifically with Transverse Mechanics, check that subsection of Chapter 4 for the
subsystem experiencing the fault.
This manual commonly references other Sections and pages of the manual as needed, so often
procedures in the Chapter 5 Appendix are referred to as ways to solve problems described in
Chapter 4.
When requesting assistance from GE-LUNAR, please provide the following information:
Location
For problems with specific patient scans, it is recommended that you copy the scan files to
diskette, and send it, with a description of the problem, to the Applications Department at GE -
LUNAR.
Chapter Contents:
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
Power On: shows the location of the Power On indicator and the
switch position for Power On.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
• The following symbols are found inside the PRODIGY, and in the Service
Manual.
1.1.3 Labels
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
Inherent Filtration
Tube Insert
X-ray Source
Focal Point
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
• A amber laser-on indicator, located on the front of the scan arm, is lit
when the laser is on. The program activates the laser during positioning
for an image acquisition. The program then turns off the laser when you
begin the scan. The emergency stop button will turn off the laser.
• There is a caution label (Figure 1.2) on the scan arm near the Display
Panel.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
• This symbol appears near the yellow X-ray shutter-open indicator light.
The X-ray shutter-open indicator light is located on the Display Panel on
the scan arm near the front.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
The Warning label below identifies the location of possible pinch points
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
The label that follows is located on the scanner arm and shows the location of
the laser aperture.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
Note: The scanner's output power strip can be used to supply the
Host PC with isolated power. If it is to be used the following
conditions must be met. If the conditions cannot be met, the
scanner's output power strip cannot be used.
The computer, peripherals, and all other equipment must be located more
than 1.83 m from the scanner. Use an outlet strip to power the computer and
all peripherals. The outlet strip must be mounted off the floor so that it does
not touch other equipment. If your outlet strip was provided by LUNAR, it has
a maximum output of 15A, 120VAC. Only system-related equipment should
be powered by the outlet strip.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
You must power the computer, peripherals, and all other equipment with an
isolating transformer if the room is too small to maintain at least 1.83 m of
separation between the scanner and all other equipment.
A modem and/or network connection can only be made in the small room
configuration if all exposed metal surfaces of the computer and peripherals
are out of the patient environment.
LUNAR recommends that you use scanner power output to provide isolated
power to the computer and all peripherals. The power strip must be mounted
off the floor such that it does not touch other equipment. The computer and
ALL peripherals must be powered by the scanner. All other equipment must
not be powered by the scanner and must be located more than 1.83 m from
the scanner. Failure to use scanner power output can cause leakage currents
in excess of 100 microamperes.
As an option to scanner power output, a wall outlet can be used to power the
computer and peripherals. Isolated power from the scanner must not be used
to power any equipment if a wall outlet is used. All exposed metal surfaces of
the computer, peripherals, and other equipment must be located more than
1.83 m from the scanner.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
The PRODIGY has a mechanical design with two separate motion systems
that are capable of simultaneous operation. These are transverse, and
longitudinal. Both motion systems are driven by stepper motors.
• The front and side panels are secured by screws from the inside.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
It is not usually necessary to remove the front and back panels for most
service needs. However, if access is needed to the Front and Rear
Longitudinal Carriages, these can be removed.
The back panel is secured by hex socket head-head screws and must be slid
out of the way, for it is between the Arm Column and the frame.
• The upper scan arm shroud can be removed by loosening the two
screws holding it in place (on the back of the arm column) and tipping it
forward.
• The lower cover is held in place by four screws, two in the front and two
in the back, be sure to remove the ground wire for the metal portion of
the lower cover as well
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
• There are four low-voltage linear DC power supplies (under 30VDC), and
two high-voltage DC power supplies (to supply 76kV to the x-ray tube) on
the pan.
• The scan arm contains one high-voltage power supply (1000VDC / +12
VDC input) is located in the upper arm near the X-ray detector and
provides power to the Detector Array.
• The scan arm also houses the detector and 5 associated printed circuit
boards, and a stepper motor contoller.
Leakage current
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
• Voltage may fluctuate ±10% from the nominal value without a loss of
scanner performance.
• The nominal input (range of inputs) can be found on the system label.
• The input power must meet IEEE 519-1992 for power quality and total
harmonic distortion (THD <5%).
• The scanner has 3 different nominal outputs: 100, 120, 240 VAC.
• The nominal voltage output of the scanner is shown on the system label.
• The computer and all peripherals which use the scanner output power
must be rated for this voltage.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
Control Functions
• Provides control signals for two external stepper motor drives (Centent)
to scan patient in a fail safe manner and senses limit switch actuation at
the limits of travel (via FOINK see 2.11).
Communication
All SBC circuitry resets when the microprocessor resets. This is done during
power up, and can also be done over the communication port (via the host),
through connections to other circuit boards (especially the Detector Mother
Board, as a fail-safe shutdown), the by pressing the reset button on the SBC,
by pressing the Emergency Stop Button on the arm, or when a fault is
detected by the SBC or the FOINK (section 2.11.1).
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
• Corrupt FIRMWARE
The SBC communicates with the Host PC via an RS-422 interface. This is a
serial connection capable of transmitting more data than a standard RS-232
port. As it is not a standard serial port a RS-485 card must be installed into
one of the Host PCs expansion slots and the port must be configured correctly
for the PRODIGY to operate correctly (see DXPC2000 chapter 5 appendices).
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
Four layers were dedicated for routing layers. Sensitive signals were noted
and routed manually and isolated from more powerful signals to reduce signal
interference and crosstalk on the same routing layer. The main power and
ground planes were stacked adjacently on the central inner layers to increase
inter-planar capacitance thus reducing ground bounce and power supply
noise. Traces on the top and bottom layers were kept as short as reasonably
possible and tapped down to an internal trace layer through vias.
FLASH RAM
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
SRAM
The cSBC contains a single 128K x 8 bit SRAM which provides read/write
memory. The SRAM's segments are arbitrarily mapped to any CPU segment
by the CPU mapping registers.
Note that ports A-F are reloaded with default values at time of CPU reset and
remain in the default state until SCANNER_RESET has been cleared and
new values are written by the firmware. Defaults for port F and all other
registers are invoked at power up only.
PORT A
0 trans_enable R/W 0 Transverse motor enable – low blocks trans motor pulses and
forces Centent drive to standby current level.
3 trans_lsw_override R/W 0 Transverse limit switch override – prevent limit switch contact
from blocking step pulses at hardware level.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
6 long_lsw_override R/W 0 Longitudinal limit switch override – prevent limit switch contact
from blocking step pulses at hardware level
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
PORT C
5 /motor_fail_enable R/W 1 Arm logic to shutdown scanner if OMI inputs not sensed.
7 /motor_power R/W 1 Enable 24VDC to the stepper motor drives (a.k.a. Centents).
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
PORT E
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
0 /motion_fail_enable R/W 1 Arm scanner shutdown if OMI pulses w/o step pulses.
1 long_motor_fail_axis R/W 0 Motor fail circuitry axis control, clear for transverse.
PORT G
Dual axis stepper motor control is provided entirely by the FLEX PLD. To
make a typical move the firmware loads a starting velocity into the 16 bit
VELOCITY register, the total number of steps for the move into the 16 bit
TARGET register, and step at which to next interrupt the CPU into the 16 bit
STEP register. Velocity is in terms of periods of the 2.0MHz fundamental clock
per micro step pulse to the stepper drive. The drives provide 10 micro steps
per full step. The firmware can track move status by reading the 16 bit READ
register.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
This is a read only 8 bit register which returns the count of AGS roll-over
events since the previous read of the register. The AGS roll counter is reset
on read only - it is not tied to the PIT's sample clock.
This port provides R/W access to the AGS circuit's 8 bit U/D counter. The
counter is tied via a dedicated 8 bit bus to the AGS DAC. The DAC's analog
voltage is tied to the gain control input of the variable gain amplifier (VGA)
used to control gain of the detector input signal. As such the firmware can
read this counter to determine the current DAC voltage level and hence gain
level. If ags_enable is low this port gives the firmware direct control of the
AGS DAC as a parallel R/W device. If ags_enable is high, the firmware can
write to the port but the DAC will continue to respond to UP/DOWN requests
from the AGS DCA circuitry and hence quickly return to the AGS current
operating voltage.
HE/LE COUNTERS
These read only ports provide access to the 16 bit event counters which are
incremented each time the DCA circuitry detects an input pulse within the HE
or LE windows (as defined by the LEL, LEH, HEL, and HEH DAC settings).
These counters are read in two 8 bit bus cycles, MSB then LSB. The event
counters themselves consist of a counting element and a bus element. On the
rising edge on the PIT output pulse the counting elements are latched to the
bus element. The PIT output is also tied to CPU external INT 1 and as such
the firmware interrupt handler then has until the next rising PIT edge to read
the counters before the bus elements are latched over with the next sample
count and data is lost.
PIT MSB/LSB
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
The MAX's master reset register will remain latched until the next rising edge
on the HOST_RTS input. When the cSBC is latched into reset by a scanner
error it will remain in CPU reset until the host drops the RTS line and re-
asserts it. It will remain in scanner reset until the CPU reads the scanner reset
register following the next raising edge of the RTS line at which the condition
causing the /SCAN_FAIL_ANY has been cleared. The firmware passes the
value of the reset registers to the host to allowing the host to display
appropriate error messages to the operator. The host will be unable to
perform any scanner related operations until the SCANNER_RESET has
been cleared. Red diagnostic LED's (see 2.5.33) are provided for both
scanner and CPU reset lines. The CPU reset line is tied to the host CTS
output such that the host sees a CTS event when the cSBC enters CPU reset.
The host code provides a CTS event handler which reads the reset registers
and prompts the user accordingly.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
5 /dmb_error R N/A DMB dropped it’s CTS indicating a DMB reset event.
6 /motion_fail R N/A OMI pulses detected without step pulse (manual arm motion).
The HVPS error register is used to monitor the status of the 7681 X-ray
source HVPS. If the register value is not equal to 0xF when /hvps_enable is
low, the FLEX will raise the HVPS_ERROR_INT output to the MAX PLD. The
MAX PLD latches this into the IIR register and issues an interrupt to the CPU.
As such status of the HVPS is monitored when the unit is enabled. The
handler for HVPS interrupt reads this register to determine the cause of the
interrupt. The HVPS register is also latched at the end of read cycles such
that current status can be ascertained by a double read. A bit map of the
register is provided below.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
2.5.8 DC FAIL
The DC fail error register latches the status of the DC power monitors at the
time of reset. If scanner reset code indicates /dc_power_fail the firmware can
read this register to identify the specific DC source failure. The register is also
latched at the end of read cycles such that current status can be ascertained
by a double read.
The cSBC uses a single 10 bit octal DAC, the Linear Technology LTC1660, to
generate the AGS and DAC window reference voltages and the bias program
voltage. The DAC utilizes a serial interface and as such is not accessed with a
traditional CPU write cycle. To load the device the firmware writes to the DAC
address listed above, in response to which the MAX drops the /CS line to the
device. The firmware then manipulates the local serial bus clock and data
lines to load the DAC setting. The desired DAC channel address in encoded
into the first 4 bits of the output data word. A read is then made to the DAC
address, in response to which the MAX raises the /CS line. See device data
sheet and analog section below for further DAC details.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
The cSBC uses a single 12 bit dual DAC, the Linear Technology LTC1454, to
generate the HVPS kV and mA program voltages. The DAC utilizes a serial
interface and as such is not accessed with a traditional CPU write cycle. To
load the device the firmware writes to the DAC address listed above, in
response to which the MAX drops the /CS line to the device. The firmware
then manipulates the local serial bus clock and data lines to load the DAC
setting. Both DAC channels must be written together, CHA (kV) first followed
by CHB (mA) in a 24 bit stream packet. A read is then made to the DAC
address, in response to which the MAX raises the /CS line. See device data
sheet and analog section below for further DAC details.
The cSBC uses a single 10 bit dual DAC, the Linear Technology LTC1661, to
generate the HVPS filament limit and arc detect threshold voltages. The DAC
utilizes a serial interface and as such is not accessed with a traditional CPU
write cycle. To load the device the firmware writes to the DAC address listed
above, in response to which the MAX drops the /CS line to the device. The
firmware then manipulates the local serial bus clock and data lines to load the
DAC setting. The desired DAC channel address in encoded into the first 4 bits
of the output data word. A read is then made to the DAC address, in response
to which the MAX raises the /CS line. See device data sheet and analog
section below for further DAC details.
The cSBC uses a 12 bit DAC, the Linear Technology LTC8043, to generate
the detector peak gain voltage. The DAC utilizes a serial interface and as
such is not accessed with a traditional CPU write cycle. To load the device the
firmware manipulates the local serial bus clock and data lines to output load
the DAC setting and then performs a write/read cycle to the DAC address
listed above to pulse the DAC's load line low. See device data sheet and
analog section below for further DAC details.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
4 8mS_CLOCK R/C N/A 8ms clock tick interrupt from FLEX PLD.
5 POWER_FAIL_INT R/C N/A Power down pending in 5ms interrupt from DC supply.
The master reset register will force a CPU and scanner reset condition on the
falling edge of any of its listed inputs. The contents of the register will be
latched at the time of reset such that when the CPU next comes out of reset
the firmware can read the register to determine what caused the preceding
reset and report the appropriate code to the host. If the reset was cause by
the CPU_RST_WR input, the suicide reset register contains the specific error
code. If the reset was cause by the /SCAN_FAIL_ANY input, the scanner
reset register contains the specific error code.
The CPU and scanner resets will remain latched until the next rising edge of
the RTS input. At this time the CPU reset will be cleared if /POWER_RESET
bit is not asserted and the scanner reset will be cleared if /SCAN_FAIL_ANY
is high.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
1 /HOST_RTS R N/A RTS reset request from host via comm line.
6 CPU_RST_WR R N/A Write to the suicide register, read suicide reg for error code.
7 /SCAN_FAIL_ANY R N/A Scanner reset register latched, read scanner reg for error code.
The CPU Reset SFR is a byte register into which the CPU can write a failure
code. In response to the write the MAX PLD will store the failure code and
assert the CPU_RESET line. The CPU_RESET line will be released on the
next rising edge of the host RTS, at which time the CPU will be able to read
the bit code from this SFR to determine the cause of the previous reset.
The misc. output register is used to control the misc. output functions listed in
the following table.
2 DMB HWPT R/W 0 Enable direct connect of host and DMB XCVR’s, bypassing
UART’s, for maximized scan data bandwidth DMB to host.
3 RESET OVERRIDE R/W 1 Enable override of CPU_RESET signal. Set to 1 on power-up such
that firmware can load the FLEX PLD at power-up regardless of
the host RTS state.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
The misc. output register is used to control the misc input functions listed in
the following table
0 BOOT JUMPER R N/A JP4, placed to force firmware to remain in boot code.
1 CPU_P1_2 R N/A Input from CPU port 1, pin 2 (diagnostic use only).
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
The FLEX device is SRAM based and hence must be reprogrammed by the
CPU at power up. When the device is not programmed all I/O pins default to
the high impedance state. As such the scanner will also be in a fail safe state
when the FLEX is not programmed. The CPU port 1, pin 2 also runs directly to
the FLEX's ENABLE pin.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
The 4 panel LED's, power on, X-ray on, source exposed, and laser on, are all
driven PS2501-2 opto's through 750R0 / 1W current limiting resistors.
The HVPS AC is enabled via a relay controlled by the cSBC. The line is
primarially used to disable the HVPS by removing the AC to the HVPS via the
relay. AC Power to the HVPS can be left on for up to one hour after
generation of x-rays to prevent AC cycling between concurrent scans.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
2.5.28 ADC
The Burr Brown ADS8320 16 bit, serial, single channel ADC was chosen for
the cSBC for its high resolution, and excellent accuracy.
An Analog devices AD586 +5V voltage reference is used. The part was
selected for it low noise and high accuracy
Overall the ADC and reference give the cSBC +/-5mV analog accuracy 11.2
DAC's
A single LTC1454 12 bit, serial, dual channel, DAC is used to provide the kV
and mA program voltages. The part was chosen for it low cost, ready
availability at national distributors, and excellent DNL specifications. The DAC
is used in the x2 configuration such that the full scale output is twice the
reference voltage. Voltage outputs feed back to the ADC MUX such that
firmware can calibrate out DAC INL errors.
A single LTC1661 10 bit, serial, dual channel, DAC is used to provide the arc
threshold and filament current limit input voltages to the new 7681 HVPS. The
part was chosen for it low cost, ready availability at national distributors, and
reasonable DNL specifications. Voltage outputs are not fed back to the ADC
MUX as high accuracy is not required on these threshold inputs.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
The host I/O port provides optical isolation per medical leakage requirements
of EN 60601-1-1, Annex BBB, section 7. QT's 6N136 opto's are used to
provide the required 115.2KB operational bandwidth and the required 2500
Vrms standoff at a reasonable price. Opto inputs and outputs are routed
through the MAX PLD to support the hardware pass though mode to the DMB.
A DB-9 female connector is provided on the host side of the isolation barrier.
RS-232 is supported by populating the XCVR U26. RS-422 is supported by
U21 and U37, the RS-422 XCVR's. A simple charge pump circuit is used to
generate +5V_ISO on the host side of the barrier. Prodigy II will populate the
RS-422 section and run at 115.2KB.
The debug port is provided such that the firmware can echo status messages
and other information to a dumb terminal to support debugging, development,
testing, and servicing. The port is fully driven by a 16550 compatible UART is
fully connected to a DB-9 header using the standard PC comm port pinout.
The firmware can be configured to accept input from the debug port if
required. The port is expected to be depopulated in the final production BOM
to minimize cost.
D29 Amber FLEX DIAG 1 Diagnostic LED for misc use by firmware, control reg in FLEX.
D31 Amber FLEX DIAG 2 Diagnostic LED for misc use by firmware, control reg in FLEX.
D22 Amber MAX DIAG 2 Diagnostic LED for misc use by firmware, control reg in MAX.
D28 Amber TRANS OMI Valid transverse motion sensed by OMI circuitry.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
D25 Amber HE COUNT Valid high energy photon event sensed by DCA circuitry.
D23 Amber LE COUNT Valid low energy photon event sensed by DCA circuitry.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
• The x-rays produced by the x-ray insert are filtered by the cerium filter to
produce a dual energy spectrum. The x-ray spectrum has peaks at 62
and 38 kV.
• Tube Current is set by the (c)SBC and regulated by the MAX Board
(PRODIGY I) or the Power Supply (PRODIGY II systems).
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
• These power supplies are powered by the AC line voltage and have their
own built in fusing.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
• The Tube Head and MAX Board work with the dedicated +28VDC power
supply to supply tube head current.
• When errors are detected by the SBC, (for example, loss of arm motion)
the relay will switch off and prevent production of x-rays.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
• There may be occasional static discharges within the Tube Head. The
transients caused by these static discharges (arcs) are shunted to
ground through the array of transorbs present on the XORB board.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
• The array of 16 CZT crystals each act as pixel detectors, from which the
data is combined to form the densitometry data set.
• The Detector electronics amplify, discriminate and counts x-rays for all 16
detector elements.
• The Detector has 5 PCB associated with it, the Detector Mother Board
(DMB) and 4 identical Detector Daughter Boards (DDB’s).
• The detector has its own dedicated High Voltage Power Supply, used for
supplying detector bias.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
A charge sensitive pre-amp then converts the current to voltage and passes
the signal along to the Detector Daughter Board for processing and analysis.
The signal out of the pre-amp is a +5 to +10 millivolt DC signal, each event on
each channel creates a small “blip”.
• Pulse Shaping
• Gain Adjust
• Event counting
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
The Detector Daughter Board takes the +5 to 10 millivolt signal, strips off the
DC offset and shapes the pulse into a bi-polar pulse. This signal is further
amplified to 2.4 VDC and is then fed to a bank of 4 pairs of comparators.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
The fine gain adjust is applied to the entire signal on a particular channel at
the pulse shaping amplifier, therefore the Low Energy Signal’s gain is
adjusted along with the High Energy Signal.
The 4 comparators of the Gain Stage are set by digital to analog converters
(DAC’s) which use reference values stored in the Flash RAM of the Detector
Mother Board.
The amplified and gain adjusted pulse is simultaneously fed to a second bank
of 4 comparators which are divided again into two sets of windows. The
windows of the Discrimination stage are centered around the High and Low
Energy pulses. These comparators are also set by DAC’s which are set by the
DMB Flash RAM.
Each time a pulse falls into the High Energy window, a counter in the
programmable logic (PLD) is ticked, the same happens for the Low Energy
window. These two data signals are then passed to the DMB, which transmits
the data to the SBC.
• Contains a slot for the Test Point Board (part of the PRODIGY tool kit see
figure 2-9)
• The Detector Mother Board provides +5 V, ±12 V plus digital and analog
grounds to the Detector Daughter Boards.
• The Detector Mother Board communicates with the SBC via RS-422 link.
• The patient positioning laser is controlled by the SBC via the DMB (See
figure 2-9).
The Detector Mother Board (DMB) contains a processor and Flash RAM,
which supplies programming data to the detector subsystem. The data for all
comparator settings is stored here (set values), detector Bias programming
data, firmware to program the PLD’s of the 4 DDB’s, the Peak value
calculation operation for the detector (see section 2.17 for a discussion of the
Secondary Calibration (QA)).
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
The DMB has a processor, which is responsible for performing the Peak
calculation during a Secondary Calibration (QA), programming the 4 DDB
PLD’s and handles all communications with the SBC. The DMB processor
sends the SBC status reports and echoes back all commands that are sent to
it.
• Corrupt FIRMWARE
1 = Test Point Board, 2 = Detector Daughter Boards (4), 3 = Patient Positioning laser and
Detector Mother Board Interface, The Detector Mother Board is the horizontal circuit board
that the DMB’s and Test Point Board are plugged into.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
• The FOINK Board optically isolates control circuitry (SBC) from the rest
of the scanners electronics (see pan layout Appendix 2B).
• Shutter solenoid
• The RUN/HOLD signals are optically isolated on the FOINK board before
being sent to the Centent motor drivers. The Centents supply current to
the stepper motor windings.
• Both the transverse and longitudinal drive systems have slotted disks
attached which pass through optical interrupters (OMI) for motion
detection. Should motion stop during patient scanning, the FOINK sends
an interrupt to the SBC, which is reset and x-ray production is halted.
• Limit switches at each end of the scanner and each end of the arm signal
the SBC whenever motion reaches either end or side of the scanner. If a
limit switch is tripped during a patient scan, the motor associated with the
tripped limit switch is halted, the SBC is reset and the shutter is closed.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
The laser on LED is lit when the SBC signals the DMB to turn
the laser on, the LED is switched on by the DMB.
• The yellow Shutter Open LED comes on is the Shutter open and
exposure possible.
The Shutter open LED is controlled by the SBC, the SBC will
allow the shutter to open even if the lamp is not lit (shutter
open indicator is also on the PC controller screen).
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
The Rocker switches are enabled by the SBC via the FOINK.
Note: The rocker switches are also referred to as the joystick in the
PRODIGY Service Manual and the PRODIGY Service
Software.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
• The FOINK or cSBC board senses the closure of the Shutter or the
cessation of current through the X-ray Insert (+28VDC Power Supply or
Model 7861 HVPS) and switches on the audible signal if either of these
occur during an exposure.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
Table 2-3 gives specifications for standard components shipped with the
PRODIGY system.
pack 6
Internet Explorer version 4.01 with service pack 2
Fast Serial I/O board (LUNAR part number 7151)
HP DeskJet 930C
Printer
W x D x H—44.0 x 40.0 x 19.6 cm
*Depth is measured from the front edge of the scanner table to the back edge of the
scanner arm. Height is measured from the top of the scanner arm to the bottom of the
scanner arm.
*Width is measured from the front edge of the scanner table to the back edge of the
scanner arm. Height is measured from the top of the scanner arm to the bottom of the
scanner arm.
#Some languages may require 1024x768x16-bit color to fit the translated software text
on the screen
General specifications
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
• Femur Measurements
20.2 cm x 18 cm
2.16.4 Programs
• Quality Assurance
Operational environment
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
• Shock and Vibration–Make sure the scanner table does not receive
shock greater than 1 G for more than 1 millisecond. Make sure the
scanner table does not receive vibrations greater than 0.25 G at 5 Hz.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
IEC 522/
Inherent filtration >2.9 mm Al/70 kV
1976
IEC 613/
Filament characteristics Refer to Figure 6.
1989
76 kV - Anode to Cathode
IEC 613/
Nominal x-ray tube voltage 38 kV - Anode to Earth
1989
38 kV - Cathode to Earth
IEC 613/
Single load rating 228 W (3 mA, 76 kV) for up to 15 min.
1989
228 W (3 mA, 76 kV) for up to 15 min.
with a IEC 613/
Serial load rating
5 min. cool down time between mea- 1989
surements.
Maximum x-ray tube assembly heat con- IEC 613/
260 Kjoules
tent 1989
X-ray tube assembly heating and cooling IEC 613/
Refer to Figure 7.
curves 1989
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
• 128 MB RAM
• 8X CD ROM
Tables 2-9 and 2-10 list components certified to the FDA for use with
PRODIGY scanners and is updated periodically. Contact GE-LUNAR for a
current listing of compatible components.
Table 2-10. FDA certified components (system no. DF+12000 and higher).
LUNAR Model
Component Description
#
X-ray Controller LUNAR single board controller 7635
Spellman1 Models:
High Voltage Power
PTV40N200X2113 0311
Supplies
PTV40P200X2112 0312
Bertan2 Models:
2411 N 0311
2411 P 0312
Tube Head Assembly LUNAR X-Ray Tube Head Assembly 6838
LUNAR PRODIGY Collimator Assem-
Collimator 6893
bly
1
Spellman High Voltage Electronics Corporation Hauppauge, NY
2
Bertan Associates, 121 New South Road, Hicksville, NY
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
• All tests are run all of the time. The tests are executed and test results
reported as each test completes. Test results include pass/fail and any
quantitative information when appropriate.
Operator presses [F5] to start [Daily QA] which presents a plot of the last used
parameter from the last Daily QA run. (Default display is the medium bone
chamber.) At this point operator can interactively manipulate the data in QA
database to create tables and graphs that can be printed.
Scan arm moves to the "Home" position. In this case, Home is always at head
of scanner for QA independent of user setting for Home.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
The DACs and Flash RAM of the Detector Mother Board are tested.
Find Block
The scanner performs a scout scan to find the block. If block is not properly
positioned, the scanner will prompt the user to Reposition standard more
accurately.
Peak Test
During this test, the shutter opens with the x-rays on.
This test adjusts the sensitivity of the photon counting electronics. The test
determines the optimal voltage setting for the detector amplifier so the
maximum number of photons are detected. With the shutter open the software
adjusts the voltage setting for the detector amplifier, acquiring counts at the
different amplifier settings.
The detector peak test then determines the optimal voltage setting for the
detector amplifiers based on the results. The actual peak setting is taken from
the high energy count rates, the low energy channel is essentially blocked by
the brass spillover piece in the QA standard.
Measures the movement of the source shutter. A functional test checks the
shutter LSW and ensures the shutter stops all photons.
OMI Interrupt function - the OMI signal is tested by verifying the OMI Interpol
signal is present when the scan arm is stationary.
Each motor (transverse, longitudinal) will be run between hard limits and back
to home position. If the hard limits do not engage, this is a failure. Also
compare steps against predetermined scan window size.
If a failure occurs the number of steps taken, the expected value and the
direction the arm was traveling is noted in the error log.
Spillover test
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
The output of the x-ray tube is measured as part of a Reference Value (old
term was air) measurement. This is measured at various currents between
3mA and 0.150mA.
Note: Not all currents that are ramped to / tested are used to perform
patient scans.
• Reference Value measurements for all current settings are actually made
through lucite sections of the secondary calibration block.
The HE/LE ratio for each reference value is calculated for each tube current
tested in reference value measurement.
The detector Pre-amplifiers are tested by removing detector bias and verifying
that the signal out lines of the detector are not noisy.
• The system measures two tissue eqivilent materials (lucite and Acetron).
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
• The system determines the%fat for two different materials with different
compositions.
BM Chamber Measurements
• Measured values for each chamber are stored on a per element basis in
the QA database.
Daily QA Results
At the end of Daily QA, a report is automatically printed. If printer is not on line
or fails, post an error to screen.
A view with plot of medium bone chamber is generated, and user the user is
allowed to manipulate data interactively.
2.17.4 QA Database
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
Trend Summary
0.957 Mean BMD Medium (High 0.971g/cm
CV
Total Sessions 3
0.907
1/17/00 2/8/00 3/1/00 3/23/00
_____________________________________________________________________________
Functional Tests Secondary Calibration
Test Value Status Test Mean %CV Status
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
• When the drop down menu appears double click on User Options
• When prompted enter the password Award (versions 2.05 and greater)
Smile versions lower than 2.05)
• The Tools option on the menu bar will now contain Service Options, and
Service scanning options will also be available under the F2 Measure
Option
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
3.1.6 Pileup
Used in the manufacturing process
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
3.1.13 Outbox
Configure Printing, E-mail and Faxing options.
3.2.3 Spillover
Perform and Acquire a Spillover Measurement (test of source spectrum and/
or detector resolution).
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
• Configure check box- this box must be checked when limit to limit is
run to establish the scanners range of motion (scan window).
Note: When the Home position is changed from the head end of the
table to the foot or vice versa, the Limit to Limit test (see
Motion Tests tab above) must be run with the Configure box
selected.
•Move Steps - move the scan arm to a specific location on the table -
move Absolute moves an absolute distance from home, Move
Relative - move relative to last position
•Lower portion of the screen displays the status of limit switches, scan
arm position, and positioning switch (joystick) status.
•Gain Control - adjusts the gain on the AGS amplifier used in the
detector peak setting - peak adjusts only the AGS amplifier.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
•AGS Mode - the operate / calibrate signal (disables the AGS systems
so that the detector can be peaked correctly) can be toggled.
•X-ray cycle test - cyclically ramp the source - (can be used to test
ramping failures or for arcing)
•X-rays Tab
•Ramp the kV and / or the mA of the x-ray generation system and view
feedback real-time. Faults are displayed and polled real-time in the
window on the right.
•Ports Tab - view status of and send commands to (c)SBC ports (see
section 2.4 for (c)SBC port definitions).
3.2.8 Lin/Rep
Not Used for Service
3.3.4 Hacksaw
Calculates and sets correcton factors to align bone edges in scans (see
DXAP 2007 Chapter 5 Appendices).
• The error log is one of the best troubleshooting tools for scanner
malfunction.
When requesting help from GE-LUNAR, E-mailing the current error log file
and a description of the symptoms will aid in a rapid diagnosis (see Copy
Configuration in section 3.1.10 for information on copying the error log to an
E-mailable file).
• The Error Log is located under the Tools dropdown menu. Left click on
Tools / and then on Error Log.
•The details of the failure are shown when the error is highlighted and
then right clicked on.
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
This Help software is based on Fault Tree Analysis or FTA. The fault trees are
in an outline form. Each heading in the outline represents an “or” choice. For
example, the basic fault below “Shutter will not close” has three possible
causes: “Shutter stuck”, “Solenoid Return Spring not working”, or “Solenoid
powered when it should not be”. Each of these in turn lists their possible
causes.
A.Spring broken
This document contains confidential or proprietary information of GE-Lunar Corp. Neither the document nor the information therein is
to be reproduced, distributed, used or disclosed, either in whole or in part, except as specifically authorized by GE-Lunar Corp.
• A slotted disk at the end of the arm rotates through an infrared beam
(OMI), and pulses are sent to the cSBC board when there is
transverse motion.
Solution: If the patient is not centered on the table top or if the region
being scanned is too close to a limit in transverse travel, the limit switch
switch may be close while scanning. Re position the patient on the table,
further away from the limit.
• Centent
• Stepper Motor
Troubleshooting Binding
Turn off the power to the scanner and move the affected parts by hand. Feel
the motion for spots where the carriages are more difficult to move. Listen for
unusual noises.
One of the most common problems is a failure of the Source and Detector to
reach the rear Limit Switch due to the Tube Head running into its own high
voltage cables. These cables must have a hump formed at the Rear
Longitudinal Carriage that allows the lower portion of the Tube Head to pass
under the cables.
The High Voltage Cables can also impede transverse motion toward the front
Limit Switch. This is caused when the cables have been tied down without
enough play for the Tube Head and Detector to move all the way forward.
These problems should be investigated by manually tripping both Limit
Switches while inspecting for cable conflicts, binding, or tension problems.
• Check to see that the bottom of the Tube Head is not hitting the
Transverse Centent
• Wiring
In rare instances, the wires from the Shutter Solenoid and/or Fans can snag
on the bolts that protrude through the frame on the foot end of the scanner.
This is solved by properly tying down these wires.
• Transverse Belt
The Transverse Belt should not be excessively tightened or this will cause
excessive binding in the transverse mechanism. It should be possible to
deflect the belt by 4 cm when it is properly tightened. Sometimes the spare
belt material near the clamp on the Tube Head Carriage comes into contact
with the forward gear and prevents the scanner from going all the way to
Home position.
• Drive Wheels
Check all appropriate gears and pulleys. Verify that the set screws are
tightened and the gears and pulleys are not out of position.
On Total Body scans, a limit switch out of position could allow the Source/
Detector Carriages to hit the frame or panels before the Limit Switch is
actuated.
• Transverse Motor
Check the Transverse Motor for a broken wire in one of the internal coils, or a
bad electrical connection to its Centent Motor Controller.
• Transverse Centent
• Verify that the slotted disk at the front of the lower arm rail is in the
middle of the slot between the photo diode and photo transistor.
• The slotted disk must be completely flat and remain in the center of
the sensor slot during its entire rotation.
• If the slotted disk has been in physical contact with the optical sensor,
the sensor may have debris on it, disassemble this mechanism, and
clean the sensor and the slots of the disk.
• Check the Cable running from the cSBC to the OMI for a cable break
by checking the individual wires for continuity.
• A slotted disk at the foot end of the table on the pulley for the
Longitudinal Drive Belt rotates through an infrared beam (OMI), and
pulses are sent to the cboard when there is transverse motion.
Solution: If the patient is not centered on the table top (length wise) or if
the region being scanned is too close to a limit in longitudinal travel, the
limit switch may be close while scanning. Re position the patient on the
table, further away from the limit.
Turn off the power to the scanner and move the affected parts by hand. Feel
the motion for spots where the arm is more difficult to move. Listen for unusual
noises.
• Cable Track
The major impediment to longitudinal motion is the plastic Cable Track that
runs through the trough at the rear of the scanner.
This track is attached at two points: at the Rear Longitudinal Carriage and to
the scanner frame (low, rear and center) each spot by 4 bolts. Also, adequate
slack must be left in the cables inside the Cable Track or they will stop the arm
from moving fully to the foot end.
Should the Cable Track detach from the scanner frame, it will slide freely in
the trough and will eventually cause trouble. This can allow the Cable Track to
get in between the Rear Longitudinal Carriage and the scanner frame on the
foot end preventing the tripping of the limit switch.
Check the distance between the front longitudinal carriage and the
longitudinal rail with a go/nogo gauge (See installation Procedure DXAP2000
Chapter 5 appendices). The carriage should not rub the front rail, if necessary
insert shims behind the front longitudinal carriage.
• Slip Clutch
A slip clutch is part of the longitudinal motion system to limit torque. This is a
feature to protect the patient should he/she pinch an arm or leg between the
back side of the scanner and the Arm Column. If the Slip Clutch is set too
loose, it will fail to move the belt and will just "slip" as the motor turns. This
may produce the following symptoms:
Check all appropriate gears and pulleys. Verify that the set screws are
tightened and the gears and pulleys are not out of position.
On Total Body scans, a limit switch out of position could allow the Source/
Detector Carriages to hit the frame or panels of the scanner before the Limit
Switch.
If the mechanical stop is reached before the Limit Switch is actuated, check
carefully to see which part of the Arm Assembly is in contact with the Table
Assembly. The front part of the Lower Transverse Extrusion is clamped to the
Longitudinal Drive Cable at the front of the scanner. If the Lower Transverse
Extrusion is not clamped in such a way that it forms a 90 degree angle with
the length of the table, the rollers at the front end of the Lower Transverse
Extrusion may strike the end of the scan table before the Limit Switch is
actuated.
• Longitudinal Motor
Check the motor for a broken wire in one of the internal coils, or a bad
electrical connection to the Centent Motor Controller.
• Longitudinal Centent
• Longitudinal Belt
The Longitudinal Belt should not be tightened too much or this will cause the
brackets holding the gears to deform at either end of the scanner. When the
belt is properly tightened, it should be possible to deflect the upper and lower
sides of the belt so that they touch within 8 cm of the gears at either end.
• Drive Wheels
The rollers in front and the wheels in back that support the Arm must be
adjusted so that they come into perfect contact with the Longitudinal Rails.
Test them by preventing any wheel from turning and see if the carriage will still
move. By preventing any wheel from turning, it should be possible to slide the
carriage along the rail with one wheel dragging while the others roll. This
indicates that the wheel has not been excessively tightened down.
Adjustments can be made by loosening and rotating the eccentric bearings of
any of the lower wheels.
If the error occurs consistently after the first line of a patient scan, and the
scanner is moving in the longitudinal direction, then check the following:
Solution 1: The pulses that normally enter the FOINK board at J (the
black wire at the center of the connector) may have stopped. These
pulses are necessary to keep the FOINK board from sending an interrupt
to the SBC. These pulses can be seen on a FOINK board LED.
For LED location see figure 4-1. Use the DPX-NT service software
(Tools/Diagnostics/Scanner Motion / Motion Commands Tab) to set the
joystick speed to 50 steps, enable the joystick and watch the LED. If the
OMI / FOINK is working the LIght will flash when the Longitudinal Motor
is run. If the LED flashes when the mechanics are engaged, but the error
still occurs, the interrupt was invalid. Check for arcing in the high voltage
system or replace the FOINK and SBC.
• The slotted disk must be completely flat and remain in the center of
the sensor slot during its entire rotation.
• If the slotted disk has been in physical contact with the optical sensor,
the sensor may have debris on it, disassemble this mechanism, and
clean the sensor and the slots of the disk.
• Check the Cable running from the FOINK to the OMI for a cable
break by checking the individual wires for continuity.
When the Supply is ramping the Red and Green LED’s on the MAX board will
light.
• Measure the output of the 28VDC power supply, and verify that it remains
constant during the voltage ramping and scanning operations.
• Check the High voltage power supplies, insure they are not arcing (Error
Log - see section 3.2) and are ramping.
• This supply is turned on by the X-ray Relay, so verify that the Relay is
closing. If not, then either the Relay is bad or it is not receiving the signal
from the SBC via the FOINK.
• Check the continuity of the cathode, the filament may have broken, MAX
board TP 4, TP 5 and TP 13 should be continuous with the Tube Head
control cable connected.
• The Tube Head Thermostat is wired in series with the Relay, so if it has
opened, the Relay will not be able to close.
• The 28VDC should also be measured at the Terminal Block. If not, check
the continuity of the wiring and refasten all connections. Also, check the
wire tie-downs for excess tension they may be putting on the wires.
• It may be necessary to check the wiring from the Terminal Block to the
MAX board and to the High Voltage Power Supplies.
• Verify that the emergency stop button is out. If it has been pressed in,
press it again to release it.
• If 26 VDC is missing, the Circuit is open between the FOINK and the
Switch.
• Check the continuity of the wires from the switch to the FOINK board.
• The thermostat will close again automatically after a cool down period of
usually less than 30 minutes. If 0 VDC is measured on both pins of
FOINK connector J15, the Thermostat and the wires connecting it to the
FOINK board are good and the FOINK board should be replaced.
If this is unsuccessful, verify that the I/O cable from the computer to the SBC
Board is secure. Also, verify that the comm port is configured correctly (see
DXPC 2000 Chapter 5 appendices) and that all required drivers are present. If
all fails, the SBC or computer serial port is defective.
If any of the QA test results fail, none of the results are considered valid. The
results will be stored in the Quality Assurance History file, but these values will
not be averaged with the other results for calibration purposes. In addition, the
software will prevent patient scans until a passing daily QA has been
completed. Recent valid QA's are necessary for accurate results.
The scanner may not be finding the correct "Home" position. The correct
"Home" position aligns the center of the x-ray beam with the center of the
Brass Piece when the Standard is correctly positioned. The Air Counts must
be obtained outside of the QA standard, next to the Brass Piece. If the
Reference Counts are obtained with the x-ray beam passing through the
Brass Piece, the Quality Assurance Scan will fail.
• Verify that the scanner limit switches are set correctly with the DPX-NT
home position jig (see DXAP2000 - DPX-NT Installation Procedure
Chapter 5 appendices).
Spillover stability is a test of detector bias drift. if the detector bias is drifting,
the mean spillover value will also drift.
It is possible to view the Ratio trends in the Quality Assurance History. Check
both the 3mA Ratio and the 150 Ratio to determine if the either Ratio has
changed significantly.
These are very difficult to diagnose by a method other than substitution of new
components until the Reference Counts Ratio returns to normal.
The specification for XORB Board transorbs is that they must allow less than
0.5 micro amperes reverse bias current. At LUNAR, each transorb is
measured by applying a 5 Volt reverse bias to the transorb and a 100 kW 1%
resistor connected in series. The voltage measured across the 100 kW
resistor must then be less than 50 mV.
• A mechanical constraint
• A defective Motor
The values recorded for these tests should remain fairly constant over time.
Variations between QA's of under 25 steps should not be a cause for concern
as 1 transverse step = 0.05 mm and 1 longitudinal step = 0.1 mm, so the
actual variation is only a few millimeters.
If the number of steps continually increases from QA to QA, this could indicate
an impediment to the scanner's motion and should be rectified (see 4.1
(Transverse) or 4.2 (Longitudinal)).
These failures will always occur if the Reference Counts or Reference Ratio
test have deviated severely from normal results. However if the Reference
Count results look normal, and the values are approximately equal to the
numbers obtained during the scanner installation, then the counts may be
unstable.
This will also be apparent (but not obvious) on the QA Results printout. The
arc occurred in the third standard scan and elevated the BM values. If a
customer reports a failing QA because of a bone chmaber measurement
being too high, be aware that this could be an early warning of arcing. Obtain
from the site the QA history file and error log for analysis. Look for variation of
the Large BM values.
It is very important to notice these early warning signs of arcing so that the
system can be re-greased before any damage is done to the high voltage
cable connectors or the tube head.
• If the "End of Exposure Alarm" rings during the time the Alignment Test
scan is running, see "Alarm Pings During Scan" in section 4.13.4. If the
Shutter Open or the X-ray On lamps on the front panel blink, during the
test, see section 4.13 also.
• While the Alignment Test scan is running, measure the voltage at test
points 1, 2, 5 and 6 of the XORB board. They should have approximately
the following values respectively: -0.150VDC, 3.8VDC, 0.150VDC, and
3.8VDC.
• Start and stop the x-rays several times while observing the voltage at
TP3 and TP7 of the XORB board. This is the programming voltage from
the SBC, and although this voltage is dependent on the feedback
information returned to the SBC, the voltages at the XORB board test
points should be approximately the same each time the x-rays are
produced. The AC ripple on this signal must be less than 0.2 Vpp.
Replace the SBC board if the proper control signal is not present.
• Open and close the shutter to make sure that it returns to the same
position each time. Turn the x-rays back on, and make sure that you
obtain nearly the same count rate each time the shutter is opened.
4.9.2 No Counts
When the table to the right of the peak graph on the Quality Assurance
Results printout is entirely filled with zeros, use the Signal monitor program in
the Diagnostics (see section 5.1) to create x-rays at 76 kV and 150 uA and
open the Shutter for sampling. Then check the following items:
B.If not, the voltage or current ramping has probably failed. Are both the red
and green LED's on the MAX Board illuminated?
If not, measure the output of the 28 Volt Power Supply. Check the operation of
the X-ray Relay or the FOINK Board which controls its operation. If all of the
above are working, the red LED may be defective.
If so, the fuse is blown on the MAX Board (see section 4.16).
2.If the red and green MAX Board LED's are illuminated, verify the following
test point voltages:
• XORB TP2 and XORB TP6 are approximately 3.8 VDC. If these voltages
are incorrect, verify that the voltages on XORB TP3 and XORB TP7 are
approximately 3.8 VDC. If TP3 and TP7 are not equal the XORB jumper
at J26 is set in the wrong position. If they are equal but incorrect, test the
cable from the SBC to XORB, or substitute a new SBC Board.
Test the X-Ray On LED by inserting it into the Power On receptacle. Replace
if defective.
• Current ramping has failed. If TP1 and TP5 are zero and do not change,
check the polarity of the High Voltage Cables. The X-ray Insert is
essentially a diode, and will not conduct current from the anode to the
cathode.
• If either of the test points is at 1.0 VDC, the High Voltage Power Supply is
delivering as much current as it possibly can, and has automatically
limited the voltage.
• Check TP2 and TP6. If the voltage is approximately 3.8 VDC, the voltage
has been set properly.
Feel the heat sinks on the back of the High Voltage Power Supplies. If one of
the power supplies is cold, this is usually the defective one. If one is warm and
the other is hot, replace the hot one. The best troubleshooting technique may
be to substitute power supplies.
• If either TP2 or TP6 are incorrect, the possibility exists that one of the
High Voltage Cables or the Tube Head is shorted. The short may be
possible to find with an ohm meter, but often it takes several kV to break
down the defective component. It will be difficult to troubleshoot this
problem by any method other than part substitution.
Use the Signal monitor option of the service software program to produce x-
rays (Tools/Diagnostics? Scanner X-Ray). Select 76 kV and 750 µA operation.
• Verify that the SBC is properly controlling the current. TP11 of the MAX
board should be approximately 0.75 volts. This voltage is dependent on
feedback information from the power supplies, which makes it difficult to
troubleshoot by any means other than SBC substitution.
• Check the current through the X-ray Insert. The absolute value of the
voltage at test points 1 and 5 on the XORB board is proportional to the
current through the X-ray Insert. 1 millivolt is equal to 1 micro-ampere of
current. A current setting of 750 µA should give a reading of 0.750 VDC
at test points 1 and 5. If either of these voltages vary from the expected
by more than 10 millivolts, the MAX board could be at fault. If TP1 and
TP5 are more than 15 millivolts apart, substitute new high voltage power
supplies.
4.10 Arcing
The X-ray Tube Head Insert is an evacuated glass enclosure. An AC current
is applied to the filament inside the insert. It glows like the filament in a light
bulb, and electrons are boiled off into the evacuated space. A high voltage is
applied between the anode and the cathode causing electrons to rush toward
the anode, striking it and creating x-rays. As long as the insert is properly
evacuated, there can be no internal arc. However, no insert can be totally
evacuated and impurities can be ionized creating a lightning like effect; arcing.
During the arc the resistance of the insert is dramatically decreased and a
large amount of current flows.
• a vertical stripe or artifact in the image of the patient's scan (effects all 16
detectors at once)
• Arcing can also occur inside the high voltage connectors. This will
usually result in a plainly visible black or brown carbon track through the
grease on the connector. In any case, once the high voltage connectors
have been removed from the Tube Head and the power supplies, they
should not be re-connected without first being cleaned and regreased
(see procedure DXSE0002 in the chapter 5 appendices).
• After cleaning the old grease off of the connectors, they should be
carefully inspected for carbon tracks. Look for these tracks on both the
rubber cable connectors and on the phenolic sockets of the Tube Head.
If such tracks are found after cleaning, the following are the options for
returning the scanner to service:
• If carbon tracks are found on the rubber cable connectors, they can be
removed by excising the damaged section with a sharp blade. Severe
tracks can burn quite deep into the rubber, so care must taken to remove
all the damaged rubber. After the carbon tracks have been removed,
additional grease must be used when repacking the connection to fill in
the volume of the removed rubber.
• Arc tracks will be impossible to see on the sockets in the Tube Head.
Therefore, if arc tracks are seen on the rubber cable connectors, the
sockets should be sanded with emory cloth as a precaution. After
sanding the socket, remember to flush the socket with cleaning solution
to remove any particles.
• If the tracking inside the socket is too severe or the carbon track cannot
be removed, another option is to replace the Tube Head.
• During full-width scanning, the Detector Carriage comes very close to the
Limit Switches, so any imprecision will cause a Limit Switch to be tripped
and the scan will be aborted with a Diagnostic Failure message for
Transverse Motion Failure.
A cause of this problem is a loosening of the first drive Reduction Belt which
connects the Transverse Motor to the first Reduction Pulley. This loosening
causes the belt to "walk" on the pulleys causing enough imprecision in the
motion to trip a switch. To tighten the belt, first remove the Pulley Shroud and
loosen all four nuts that hold the motor in place. Then, while holding the motor
such that the belt is pulled taught, tighten the nuts to secure the motor in
place. Replace the shroud and test the scanner (an Alignment Test test works
well).
If the Tube Head cables come into contact with the cable bundle entering the
cable track, it may be impossible for the scanner to complete all of the
necessary transverse steps away from the operator. Consequently, on each
scan line the detector will move closer to the front transverse limit switch, and
the switch may be eventually closed. Form the cable bundle exiting from the
cable track into an arch such that the Tube Head cables will move under the
arch rather than running into the bundle. This arch must not be too high. If it is,
there will not be sufficient slack in the Tube Head cable bundle to allow the
Tube Head to move to the front transverse limit switch. Also, if the arch is too
small, it may cause too much slack when the Tube Head is at the forward side
of the table. This causes the Tube Head cable bundle to rub against the inside
of the front panel causing a scraping noise to be heard. If the above does not
solve the problem then check the other mechanical components. Electrical
components that could cause such a failure are the Centent Motor Controller,
the Transverse Motor, the FOINK board or the SBC board.
These lines are caused by Automatic Gain Stabilizer (AGS) trying to adjust
the input signal which is at an excessively high count rate. However, the AGS
is not at fault, and the correct action is for the customer to attenuate the x-ray
beam. Lunar normally recommends placing a rice bag (on its side to create 12
cm of patient thickness in the x-ray beam) along the side of the patient's thigh
for thin or osteoporotic patients.
• loss of the signal from the detector (this effects all 16 detectors at once)
• loss of current to the x-ray insert filament (28 volt power supply error
message, the orange lamp to go out, and the End of Exposure Alarm to
sound).
• bad x-ray relay contacts (providing power to tube head power supplies)
• faulty operation of the AGS system (white lines are short and found only
where scan lines move from air into tissue).
4.11.8 Arcing
If the tube head is arcing, the arcs will be more likely to occur at the higher
current settings. Arcing generally also causes other strange symptoms such
as:
1.View the Quality Assurance History (see section 4.15). In particular note the
trend in BM Values as discussed in the Failing QA's section of this chapter.
Summary
Except for the x-ray relay, the cause of the problem will be difficult to find. Try
to obtain some additional information. If the customer is hearing the end-of-
exposure alarm, or seeing the yellow x-ray on lamp flickering, you can deduce
the tube head control cable is bad. Likewise, it is possible to decide on the
shutter/collimator/fan cable. In the case of no alarm or lamp indications, or in
the case where large deviations occur in the peak, the upper and lower cable
bundles should be replaced, as problems with the coaxial cable will be too
expensive to troubleshoot.
A poor Deviation Image will have lines, streaks or spots (indicating counts
higher or lower than expected). When the image is analized, click first on
points and then back to results, this will typically point type failing points (they
will have a yellow box around them).
• The information tab (see figure 4-2) will show the test outcome (pass /
fail).
• Troubleshooting tip: if the Alignment test can be run with the Alignment
Aperture on, this will make the test more sensitive as the beam will be
further collimated to the exact size of the detector. Any failures (beam
straying off the detector) will be exaggerated.
The amber LED is controlled by a comparator on the FOINK Board. This LED
illuminates when approximately 40µA (or greater) of current is passing
through the X-ray Insert. On Spellman system scanners the amber light may
appear to fade out slowly when x-rays are ramped down. This due to the
Spellman power supplies bleeding off current and is not a problem.
If the voltage ramping fails, the High Voltage Power Supplies must be shut
completely off before a second ramping attempt is made. If the amber X-RAY
ON LED turns on momentarily, then turns off for a few seconds before coming
on steadily, the system is having difficulty ramping the high voltage. One of the
High Voltage Power Supplies may be defective.
The SBC does not monitor the Insert current once the proper level has been
reached. Therefore, if the current to the Insert is interrupted, the SBC will not
recognize the problem and will not alert the computer, or terminate the
exposure.
If the X-RAY ON LED blinks once the x-ray high voltage has been set, there
must be a problem in one of the following areas:
• The Shutter Open LED-If the Shutter Open LED fails, a properly
operating FOINK board will prevent operation of the Shutter Solenoid.
Check the LED for continuity, replace it, or substitute a working amber
LED temporarily.
• Solenoid Cable-Remove J11 from the FOINK Board and check continuity
between pin 5 and 6 (see Shutter Open LED Blinking above).
• Both the SHUTTER OPEN light and the X-RAY ON light are on and
steady. This would indicate a faulty FOINK board. Replace it
The SHUTTER OPEN light is off. This could indicate the following:
• The LED becomes defective during the scan and since the shutter
solenoid and this light are wired in series, the Shutter closed and the
Alarm sounded.
• The cable to the amber Shutter Open light broke during the scan with the
same result as above.
• The shutter solenoid failed and the Shutter closed followed by the Alarm
sounding.
• X-ray production has halted. This turns off the X-ray On light and sounds
the Alarm.
Check
• the I/O cable connections at the serial port on the back of the Host
computer and at the SBC. Be sure both connections are tight and that
the thumb screws are used to hold the connectors firmly together.
• inspect the connector on the SBC. This connector is very fragile and may
have been damaged. Be very careful when connecting the I/O cables to
the SBC.
• Check the Connection at the Detector Mother Board and the Bulkhead,
where the two halves of the signal cable meet.
• Verify the power LED’s on the SBC are lit (See section 4.19)
• Verify that the Power LED’s and PLD programming LED’s are lit on the
DMB (see section 4.21)
If the ports are properly configured and all power is present, and
communication still fails, then the probable causes are:
• A faulty SBC.
If any sudden jumps are noticed in the values of any of the categories,
determine first if these are due to service work such as a Tube Head
replacement. If service work causes a shift in the QA values, then compare
present values to those obtained only after the service.
The Positive High Voltage Power Supply has a current monitor output (mA
MONITOR); the voltage at this output is proportional to the current passing
through the X-ray Insert. This monitor voltage is connected to the MAX board
as feedback (mA FEEDBACK).
• Check the position of the shorting jumpers on pin headers JB1, JB2, and
JB3 for: Be sure pins 1 and 2 are connected as indicated by silk screen.
When the X-ray Relay is on, both the red and green LED's on the MAX board
should be illuminated. If both are out, no power is getting to the MAX board. If
only the red LED is lit, then the MAX board fuse is burned out or missing.
Electrical tests
With a VOM set on 200 VDC, you should measure about 18 to 21 VDC on
TP's 4, 13 and 5 referenced to TP3 (GND).
Optical isolation is used to isolate the +26VDC supply from the +5VDC and
+12VDC (logic) supplies, and eliminate interference between the motor
circuits and the event (detector) signals.
FOINK LED’s:
• A - (D10) Longitudinal OMI, when this LED flashes, the Longitudinal OMI
infrared beam is
• B - (D9) Transverse OMI, when this LED flashes, the Longitudinal OMI
infrared beam is
• D - (D7) Mechanics engage, when LED is out the motor(s) are enabled
• E - (D6) - Errors Clear, must be lit - out when FOINK detects an error
(failsafe)
• Examine the area where the wires attach to the board itself; it is possible
the may fray or break.
• Insure that the interrupter disk does not rub against the plastic detector
housing. If it does, adjust by loosening the two machine screws that
attach the plastic detector, reposition the detector and re-tighten the
screws.
Electrical tests
The signal from the OMI board is nominally rectangular in shape. The signal is
generated when the Interrupter Disk alternately passes and occludes a light
beam between the two posts on the photo-transducer. With the beam
occluded by the disk, the output signal should be about 5 VDC (close counts).
When the beam is allowed to pass through a slot in the disk, the signal output
is near ground potential (see FOINK troubleshooting 4.17).
Figure 4-8. DPX-NT SBC highlight indicates the location of the diagnostic
LED’s
• Green LED (C in figure 4-5) is on then you have +5VDC to the board.
• Red LED (A in figure 4-5) is on then you have +12VDC to the board.
• Red LED (E in figure 4-5) is the DTR reset line, when this LED is lit, the
Detector, FOINK, or SBC are detecting an error.
• Red LED (D in figure 4-5) the scanner Reset, when this LED is lit, the
communications with the Host PC are in Reset.
• Green LEDs (G and H in figure 4-5) flash when data is being received by
the SBC
The reset button near the communications cable connector causes a reset
signal at the SBC microprocessor. Also, disconnecting the serial cable will
cause a reset state until the cable is re-attached and communications
reinstated.
• Check to see that all wires and cables are firmly affixed to their
respective connectors. Pay particular attention to Lemo connectors,
since the jam nuts on the connectors are prone to be loose.
Electrical Tests
• If the 12 VDC power LED’s are not illuminated power down the
scanner, wait 30 seconds and power back up (see section Chapter
2.1.2)
• If the DMB PLD LED is not lit verify FIRMWARE version with the
Service Software (Tools/Set Download Parameters / Query), if
necessary download to the DMB.
The Test point board gives the service engineer access to all of the signals for
the individual Detector Daughter Boards
Analog Signals
• DCA REF - DCA Reference Levels - High and Low Energy Reference
Levels for event counting windows
• GAIN - combination of Peak and AGS signal gain - setting for Shaping
Amplifier - visible only with Oscilloscope
Digital Signals
• AGS ROLL - logic signal for AGS rollover - this signal is not currently
utilized by the software
• AGS ENABLE - Operate Calibrate signal - locks out AGS for Peaking
operation
• The about tab under the help menu of the Lunar Prodigy Software shows
which version is presently on the system.
• Double click on the CD ROM Drive with the LUNAR Prodigy CDROM in
the drive
Note: When new versions of software are released they may not be
loaded in the above manner. BE SURE TO FOLLOW THE
LOADING INSTRUCTIONS THAT ACCOMPANY ALL
SOFTWARE UPDATES.
The actual peak setting of each of the detector elements is done in the
software - on the Detector Mother Board with the data from the Detector
Daughter Board.
3) lead wrap
4) fan bracket
Verify that all necessary parts have been transferred to the new Tube Head
before shipping the defective. LUNAR has received defectives with the lead
ring, for example, still in them.
1.Check the shelf for oil spots which would indicate that the Tube Head has a
leak. If oil is discovered, return the Tube Head for warranty replacement.
2.Shake the Tube Head and listen for the sound of an air pocket or bubble
inside. If a bubble is discovered, return the Tube Head for warranty
replacement.
Note: If a Tube Head has been on the shelf for three weeks or more,
perform the warm up procedure described in Procedure
DXAP2001 Prodigy Source Detector Alignment.
• Small Screwdriver
• Diagonal Cutters
• 3/8" Wrench
5.3.1 Procedure
1.Shut off the power to the scanner.
2.Take off the table top by removing four screws (two at each end).
3.Remove the head and foot end panels. At the foot end of the scan table
unplug the A/C power cable to the scanner.
5. On your new lower cable bundle, use a diagonal cutters to cut the wire ties
holding the cable together, also unfold and read the LUNAR SERVICE
NOTES attached to the new cable bundle.
7.Locate the bulkhead on the scanner. There are (3) wire ties that hold the
cable bundle in place between the bulkhead and the cable track. Before
cutting any wire ties note the way the cable bundle is tied down and the way
the cable lays before it enters the cable track. The new cable must be
fastened in the same position and lay the same way.
8.Carefully cut the (3) wire ties between the bulkhead and the cable track with
your diagonal cutters. Disconnect the large RS232 connector (Detector Signal
Cable) by unscrewing the two screws on the connector.
9.Next disconnect the two white 16 pin molex connectors. These connectors
have a catch lock located in the center of the housing which must be
depressed to disconnect them from the bulkhead.
10.If you try to remove the cable bundle by pulling it back towards the cable
track you will notice a 3 conductor gray wire cable tied to the high voltage
cable bundle. This wire carries the transverse optical interrupt signal from the
front carriage (we will refer to this wire as the OMI cable). To find the location
of the OMI board and the front carriage follow the OMI cable. On your new
Cable bundle the OMI wire is connected through the bulkhead.
11.To remove the OMI cable push the x-ray tube head all the way to the
outside of the scanner (patients left side), then notice the clearance between
the front panel and the high voltage cable bundle connecting to the x-ray tube
head and the way the cables are tied down as you will need to wire tie them
back the same way.
12.Now you can cut the (4) large wire ties and the (2) small wire ties that hold
down the high voltage cable bundle and OMI cable. Then you can pull the
lower cable bundle back to where it enters the cable track.
13.Next take your small screw driver and pry open (20) of the cable track
plastic retaining clips that hold the cables into the track. These clips pivot at
the back of the cable track and can either be removed or left in the open
position so the cables can be removed.
14.Pull the old cable bundle out of the cable track towards the foot end of the
table.
15.Now install the (3) conductor OMI cable from the bulkhead to the OMI
BOARD. To do this you must remove the white 16 pin connector from the
bulkhead labeled bulkhead 2, this connector is a part of the upper cable
bundle and the new OMI cable will connect into this housing. Note the position
of the wire tie that holds the upper cable bundle in place and then cut it in
order to pull the connector out to install the OMI cable. Note the orientation of
the existing terminals in this bulkhead connector as they slide and lock into
the connector in one direction only. Where the wires enter the connector each
hole is numerically labeled. Put the green wire into hole # 11, and the black
wire into hole # 9, and the red wire into hole # 1.
17.Route the new OMI cable in the same position as the previous cable and
connect it to the OMI board. Then tie the high voltage cable bundle and the
OMI cable down to the high voltage cable trough,(there are three large wire
ties near the bulkhead, two large wire ties put together to tie the high voltage
cables down at the center of the high voltage cable trough, and two small wire
ties to anchor the OMI cable down to the Bracket before it connects to the
OMI board). Before tightening the wire ties assure that the proper clearances
and no stress is applied at any of the connectors or wires. Tighten the center
cable ties first (two large wire ties put together and located at the center of the
high voltage cable trough). Be sure the high voltage cable bundle does not hit
the front panel when the tube head is all the way toward the outside of the
scanner (patients left). Then tighten the three wire ties near the bulkhead
making sure that the high voltage cables do not hang over into the cut out
space on the high voltage cable trough as they may hit the longitudinal motor
bracket and cause positioning problems.
18.Take the new cable bundle and connect it to the bulkhead by routing the
cable bundle the same way as the replace cable bundle, (note the connectors
are labeled bulkhead 1 and bulkhead 2) and fasten the cable bundle down in
the three spots between the cable track and the bulkhead with wire ties. Lay
the new bundle down into the cable track making sure all the cables lay
parallel to each other. Start replacing the clips to the cable track as far as you
can. Continue the process: remove a few clips, extract the old cable bundle,
add in the new cable bundle, and replace the clips.
19.To finish removing the old and installing the new cable bundle in the lower
portion of the cable track you must remove a screw located at the end of the
cable track. To do this use a 1/8" hex wrench and a 3/8" wrench. Once you
remove the screw you can lift the cable track out of the channel it rides in and
finish prying open the remaining clips. Remove the old cable bundle until it
reaches the cable entrance hole, where all the cables enter the electrical pan
area. Then finish installing the new cable bundle until you reach the cable
entrance hole, finish clipping all the clips and then replace the cable track hold
down screw (do not tighten the screw at this time).
20.Locate where all the wires from the old cable bundle terminate on the
electronics pan. All of the wires are labeled except for the wires that go to the
terminal block. Here is a list of wires that must be disconnected before
removing the cable bundle from the pan area. SBC(J-5), FOINK(J-17),
FOINK(J-12), FOINK(J-14), FOINK(J-5), FOINK(J-8), PMT/AGS(J-11)(J-11 is
the yellow Lemo connector), the orange Lemo connector (connected to the
H.V. Lemo box), then the last three wires connect to the Terminal block. Write
down the number where the orange, blue and yellow wires go to on the
terminal block and disconnect them with your small screwdriver. Carefully pull
the old cable bundle through the cable entrance hole from the pan area. The
old cable bundle may now be discarded.
21.Carefully feed (one connector at a time) the new cable bundle wires
through the cable entrance hole into the pan area. Connect the wires to their
proper locations.
23.Leave a little slack in the cables from the cable track to the pan area to
allow all of the cables to be routed and wire tied exactly like the original
cables.
24.Reconnect the A/C power cord, put the table top, pad, and end panels
back on the scanner.
25.Turn on the scan table, computer, monitor and printer. Perform required
tests per section 6.9 of the Prodigy Service Manual.
• Diagonal Cutters
5.4.1 Procedure
1. Turn off the power to the scan table.
2. Remove the table top by removing the two screws at each end.
4. Lastly, remove the column cover of the arm held in place by screws.
5. Remove the upper and lower arm covers by removing the (8) screws that
hold it in place.
6.Open the cable track and cut the wire ties at the end of it. Disconnect all the
cables coming from the cable track and remove the cable bundle as far as the
top of the column (through the hole).
8.Next locate the Laser On light and disconnect it. Remove this cable to the
top of the column cutting any necessary wire ties.
9.Route the new cable to the Laser On light and connect. Replace any wire
ties removed in step 5.
10.From the back of the arm column follow the cables vertically down and cut
all the wire ties holding the upper cable bundle to the other cable assemblies.
11.Carefully pull the upper cable bundle out towards the back of the arm and
down through the holes in the column.
12.Next cut the wire ties that hold the cables down near the bulkhead, these
are located in the lower rear portion of the arm.
13.Make sure the bulkhead connectors are labeled on both sides of the
bulkhead bracket and then disconnect them.
14.Next remove the two (16) pin Molex housing connectors that are attached
to the upper cable assemblies from the bulkhead bracket. Also disconnect the
large RS 232 connector from the bulkhead bracket. Pull the housings and the
Signal cable connectors out to work on them.
15.Use the mini Molex pin extractor tool and remove from bulkhead 1 pin16
and pin8. From bulkhead 2 (the lower connector) remove pin15, pin16, pin6,
pin7, and pin8.
16.Now remove the old cable bundle by pulling the cable out through the back
of the column. The old cable may now be discarded.
17.Next route the new cable bundle through the column wire tieing as you go.
18.Route the taped end of the cable through the hole at the bottom of the
column to the bulkhead area (follow the other cables that go to the bulkhead).
19.Carefully remove the masking tape from the cable exposing the mini Molex
pins and the Lemo connector. Note the orientation of the existing terminals in
the bulkhead connectors and the numeric labels at each hole of the
connector.
20.Replace the wires one at a time removing the wires from the old cable and
replace them with the wires from the new cable.
21.Insert the connectors into the bulkhead bracket the same way they were
removed and fasten the upper cable bundle with wire ties as original.
22.From the wire tie just fastened, the cables going into the arm column must
not have any slack in the cables (pull the cables from the column area to
remove any slack). Make sure that none of the cables hit any of the moving
parts in the narrow area where the cables come from the back of the column
out to the bulkhead.
24.Turn on the power to the scan table. Run Required tests as prescribed in
section 6.9 of the Prodigy service manual.
5.5.1 Procedure
1.Switch off the power to the scanner.
2. Remove the tabletop, head and foot end panels. At the foot end of the scan
table unplug the A/C power plug to the scanner.
4.Take the black tape off the high voltage cable bundle at each end of the
sleeving (open any cable track clips that are in the way as in step 8) as well as
any wire ties holding the bundle in place. Next, slide the sleeving away from
the tube head and remove the tape beneath the sleeving. Note the positions
of each cable before removing the tape. The cables must be returned to these
positions.
5.Disconnect the military-style connector and the ground wire (if one exists)
from the tube head and slide the cable out of the black sleeving toward the
cable track.
6.Unplug J3 and J5 on the XORB board. Also, trace the ground wire (if one
exists) from the control cable and disconnect it from the power supply. Cut the
wire ties holding the control cable to the pan.
7.Pry open the plastic retaining clips that hold the cables into the cable track.
These clips pivot at the back of the cable track and can either be removed or
left in the open position to remove the cables. The screw located at the end of
the cable track near the pan must also be removed. Once this screw is
removed the cable track can be lifted out of the channel it rides in and the
remaining clips can be opened. Mark the position of the cable track screw on
the frame to return the track to its original position.
8.Remove the old control cable. Note the position of all the cables in the cable
track. They will need to be returned to the same position during this
procedure.
10.Once the cable is through the sleeving, connect it to the tube head and
connect the ground wire (see figures 1 and 2). Position the cables next to the
high voltage cable bracket as in figure 1. The collimator control cable should
come out of the cable bundle between the two high voltage cables toward the
back of the scanner. Tape the cables together for several inches with three
layers of electrical tape starting as close to the bracket as possible. Continue
to spiral the tape around the cables as it was originally and finish by taping
three layers for several inches near the bulkhead. Tape the sleeving near the
bulkhead as it was originally. Pull the sleeving tight along the bundle and tape
near the tube head. Wire tie the cables to the tube head high voltage cable
bracket.
11.Lay the control cable in the cable track in the same position as the original
one. Start replacing wire ties between the bulkhead and the tube head. Before
tightening the wire ties assure that there is proper clearance and no stress is
applied at any of the connectors or wires through the entire range of motion.
Tighten the center cable ties first (two large wire ties put together and located
at the center of the high voltage cable trough). Be sure the high voltage cable
bundle does not hit the front panel when the tube head is all the way toward
the front of the scanner. Make sure the high voltage cables do not hang into
the cut out space on the high voltage cable trough. Tighten the three wire ties
near the bulkhead.
12.Replace the clips to the cable track and reattach the track to the scanner
frame.
13.Move the arm to the foot end of the scan table. Check that the lower cable
bundle and the high voltage cable bundle have some slack where the cables
enter the cable track near the bulkhead. Check that the cable track has at
least 1/8" clearance of the frame. To adjust this, slide the track in its trough,
then tighten the screw that holds the track in place. Move the arm up and
down the table to verify that the cable track moves properly.
14.Reconnect the A/C power cord, and replace the table top and end panels.
Milwaukee, WI 53237-0140
PHONE:414-482-0700
FAX:414-482-0965
WATS:800-242-3821
Note: All parts must have a completed RMA tag with them.
Necessary information includes: which system they are from,
and the symptoms each part exhibited in failure should be
described.
6.0.1QA History
An important aspect of the PM is checking the QA History (see section ). This
is important because when a QA is run during the PM, it should be consistent
with the past QA's. Copy the QA history file to a diskette and send to the
LUNAR Customer Service Department.
6.0.3Wear
The scanner should also be checked for signs of wear. The Shutter Assembly
especially should be inspected.
Wear on these parts can cause lead shavings to fall on the filter in the x-ray
beam. This can cause a drastic decline in Reference Counts, causing QA's to
fail.
Also check all the scanner's moving parts for signs of wear.
• This would include wheels, pulleys, gears, bearings, belts, cables and
motor assemblies.
• INSPECT CAREFULLY cables that enter the plastic cable track. These
cables are subjected to a good deal of motion and thus have the potential
for breakage!
• Also, when performing the various tests listed below, listen for any
unusual noises that could be indications of wear.
6.0.4 Cleaning
Cleaning the scanner is important.
• Remove dust and any debris from the electronics mounting chassis.
• Clean the Shutter Assembly and the filter, if necessary (see 6.0.3).
6.0.5 Inspection
6.0.6Tests
Run all other tests according to the Prodigy PM check sheet.
If the high pitched sound only occurs during motor operation, check the optical
interrupt disks and verify that they are not rubbing against the black plastic
transducer of the OMI board (see section 5.x). The disk should turn in the
middle of the transducer's slot.
Pulleys that have become defective can also cause clicking and squeaking/
squealing sounds. Try to isolate the movement of individual pulleys to locate
the defective part.