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CRT displays. In mid fifties command and control CRT display consoles were introduced. The
more display devices developed in mid-sixties and in common use until the mid-eighties, are
called vector, stroke, line drawing or calligraphic displays. The term vector is used as synonyms
for line; a stroke is a short line, and characters are made of sequence of such strokes.

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packages are high level packages with can drive a wide variety of display and printer devices. As
a need for the device independent package a standardization is made and specification are
decided. The first graphics specification to be officially standardized was GKS (the Graphical
Kernel System). GKS supports the grouping of logically related primitives such as lines,
polygons, and character strings and their attributes in collected form called segments. In 1988, a
3D extension of GKS, became an official standard, as did a much more sophisticated but even
more complex graphics system called PHIGS (Programmer¶s Hierarchical Interactive Graphics
System).
PHIGS, as its name implies, supports nested hierarchical grouping of 3D primitives, called
structures. In PHIGS, all primitives are subjected to geometric transformations such as scaling,
rotation and translation to accomplish dynamic movement. PHIGS also supports a database of
structures the programmer may edit and modify. PHIGS automatically updates the display
whenever the database has been modified.

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These uses of computer graphics can be classified as shown in the Fig. 1.2. As shown in the Fig.
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interaction user can change the attributes of the images. Role of picture gives the another
classification. Computer graphics is either used for representation or it can be an end product
such as drawings. Pictorial representation gives the final classification to use computer graphics.
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