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The FBI has created a Financial Crimes Section (FCS) which is divided into
the following four units:
• Corporate fraud
• Insurance fraud (non-health care related)
• Securities and commodities fraud
• Mass marketing fraud
• Telemarketing fraud
• Ponzi schemes
• Advance fees schemes
• Pyramid schemes
The HCFU targets individuals and businesses defrauding public and private
health care systems in the following areas:
The primary goal of the FIFU, according to the FBI, is to identify, target,
disrupt, and dismantle “criminal organizations and individuals engaged in
fraud schemes” against the nation’s financial institutions in the following
areas:
The primary goal of AF/MLU is, according to the FBI, “to promote the
strategic use of asset forfeiture” by making sure that its “field offices” utilize
money laundering violations in all appropriate investigations “to disrupt
and/or dismantle criminal enterprises.” The unit’s resources are directed in
the following areas:
• Identity theft
• Data entry and analysis of financial documents
• Forensic accounting
• Tracing assets subject to forfeiture
Of the 490 corporate fraud cases investigated by the FBI during 2006, 171
resulted in indictments and 124 of those led to convictions. The agency lists
the following accomplishments:
During 2006, the FBI investigated 2,423 cases involving health care fraud
resulting in 588 indictments that led to 534 convictions. Agency
accomplishments:
During 2006, the FBI investigated 818 cases involving mortgage fraud
resulting in 263 indictments that led to 204 convictions. Agency
accomplishments:
During 2006, the FBI investigated 1255 cases involving identify theft
resulting in 457 indictments that led to 405 convictions. Agency
accomplishments:
During 2006, the FBI investigated 147 cases of mass marketing fraud
resulting in 13 indictments and 44 convictions. Agency accomplishments:
During 2006, the FBI investigated 473 cases involving money laundering
fraud resulting in 161 indictments that led to 95 convictions. Agency
accomplishments:
Clearly, corporate crime is a major concern of the FBI, as well as state law
enforcement agencies. The thousands of indictments and convictions
involving billions of dollars in losses have drawn the concern of the courts
in these kinds of cases. For example, the district court in United States v.
Caputo, 456 F.Supp.2d 970 (N.D. Ill. 2006) made the following observation
about the sentence it imposed on a “corporate criminal”:
“In view of all the factors outlined herein, it is this Court's hope that the
readers of this opinion will come to the realization that the ten and six year
sentences imposed here are in large measure part of our country's efforts to
create an atmosphere of general corporate crime deterrence. Serious
corporate crime sentences are needed to reflect the actions of Congress and
the Sentencing Commission and to avoid unwarranted sentencing disparities.
More importantly, the sentences provide specific deterrence for Caputo and
Riley after assessing each of their roles in the offenses proven at trial.” Id., at
985.