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9633919 Ujjwal Khadka - ASSIGNMENT

Computer Architecture and Networks (Coventry University)

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Task 1
Introduction
Our goal in this report is to compare Three Processors (Intel Gen7 i3, i5 and i7)
integrated with DDR4 RAM.
Processor is processing unit of computer which performs logical and arithmetic
operations. RAM is Random Access Memory and it is type of data storage. DDR4 RAM
means Double Data Rate 4th generation Random Access Memory. It has higher speed
and efficiency rate than DDR1, DDR2 and DDR3 RAM. It uses less power.

Comparison
Table 1 Comparison Table

Processor I3-7100 I5-7400 I7-7700

Number of Cores 2 4 6
Clock Frequency 3.90 GHZ 3.00 GHz 3.60 GHz
Power 51 W 65 W 65 W
Consumption
Price in USD $117.00 $182.00 $312.00
Price in NPR Rs.12,870 Rs.20,020 Rs.34,320
Note: 1USD = 110NPR

Number of Cores
It represents multi-tasking ability of processor. The single core can act acts a processor.
The more the core present the performance of processor is better.

Clock Frequency(F)
Execution time = I × ACPI × C
Where, I = Number of instructions executed
C = Clock Cycle = 1/f
Performance = 1/Execution time
It represents the clock cycle that processor can run in a second. It is also called raw
speed of processor. The higher the value of clock frequency faster the processor.
3.0GHz means 3,000,000,000 clock cycles.

Average cycle per instruction(ACPI)

It is total program execution cycles by instruction count. The higher the value of ACPI
execution time is increased and performance will be decreased. It is inversely
proportional to the speed of processor.

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Power Consumption
The higher the speed of the processor the power is consumed more. It depends on
performance of processor.

Price
The higher the quality higher the price.

Conclusion
We choose i7 processor with intel G7 for the system because its speed is reliable, it can
perform multi-tasking program and it has both Turbo Boost and Hyper-Threading which
gives the best performance.

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Task 2
Introduction
As we are appointed as a Senior Technical Support at ABC office which looks after
monitoring of different servers. Our goal is to design topology with a list of required
devices (printers, routers, PCs, etc.) and to assign IP address to different part of the
office where the Office contains one server room, one admin room, one visitor lounge,
one account room and separate network for the Manager room.

Aim
 To assign IP address to different parts of the office and creating a separate
network for manager room and to design topology with required devices.
Objective
 To assign IP address to different parts of office.
 To create separate network for manager room.
 To design network topology for the office.
 To calculate total cost for implementation.
Methodology
Subnetting
We take class C network 192.168.10.0 because in comparison with class A and B, class
C network is small and efficient for the small office so, we divided network by subnetting
our original network. Subnetting is network within network or logical division of IP
address.
Original network = 192.168.66.0
Default subnet mask of Class C = 255.255.255.0/24
In binary form: 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000
N N N H
Here, N is network bits and H is host bits.
Since, we need separate network for the manager room. We needed 2 networks.
2n≥2 where, n = 1,2,3,4,5, 6……
21≥2
n=1
As, n=1 we converted 1 host bit from left to network bit.
11111111.11111111.11111111.10000000
Subnet mask after subnetting = 255.255.255.128/25
256-128 = 128 - this is the number new network ID’s will be increased by

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Table 2 Subnetting

S.N. Network ID’s First valid IP Last valid IP Broadcast

address address address
1 192.168.66.0 192.168.66.1 192.168.66.12 192.168.66.12
6 7
2 192.168.66.12 192.168.66.12 192.168.66.25 192.168.66.25
8 9 4 5

Topology Design
As subnetting was done we designed topology for the office. Topology is diagrammatic
representation of network connecting nodes (sender and receiver) through lines of
connection. Our designed topology is extended star topology. Star topology is also
known as star network where each network is connected to a node. Node can be either
hub or switch. We have chosen switch over hub because switch is intelligent than hub
and sends message to the required device only. We have used fire-wall to create
private network which cannot be accessed by other.

Figure 1 Network Diagram

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The internet service was taken from internet service provider (ISP) which is passed from
firewall and is connected to the router. Router is assigned IP address of 192.168.66.1
and 192.168.66.129 which are default gateway of first network and second network
respectively. The thirty-two port two switch i.e. switch1 and switch2 are connected to
router to divide the network into two networks. The switch1 is connected to the first
network 192.168.66.0 which is for the manager room and the switch2 is connected to
the second network 192.168.66.128 which is for administration part of the office i.e.
server room, admin room, visit lounge, and account room.
The manager room consists of IP phone, PC and printer which are assign IP address of
192.168.66.2, 192.168.66.3 and 192.168.66.4 respectively. And still many user end
devices can be added in future as the need because all the IP address is not used.
Similarly, IP address are assigned to the administration part of the office using second
network 192.168.66.128.

Table 3 IP Address Assign

S Network Used Used Assign IP Default Subnet Mask

. Room Devic Address Gateway
N es
.
1 192.168.66. Manager IP 192.168.66. 192.168.66. 255.255.255.12
0 Room Phon 2 1 8/25
e
PC 192.168.66.
3
Printe 192.168.66.
r 4
2 192.168.66. Server Datab 192.168.66. 192.168.66. 255.255.255.12
128 Room ase 130 129 8/25
Serve
r
Media 192.168.66.
Serve 131
r
Account PC 192.168.66.
Room 132
Admin PC 192.168.66.
Room 133
Visit Pc 192.168.66.
Lounge 134

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Price Analysis
Devices Number of Price in USD Total Price Total Price
devices used in NPR
Router 1 $450 $450 Rs.49,500
Switch 2 $250 $500 Rs.55,000
Server 2 $2000 $4000 Rs.440000
Computers 4 $450 $1800 Rs.1,98,000
IP Phone 1 $75 $75 Rs.8250
Printer 1 $100 $100 Rs.11,000
Total $6,925 Rs.7,61,750
Table 4 Price Analysis
Note: 1 USD = 110 NPR

The cost for the implementation of topology costs Rs.7,61,750 excluding the cost of
wires. The above cost can rise or decrease in real implementation according to quality
of networking devices used. We have calculated the cost using the cisco networking
devices. Another factor that may cause in increment and decrement of price is
computers. According to requirement computers can be upgraded and price can
increase. We have calculated the price of computer using i3 processor with 4GB RAM.

Recommendation
We can use Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) instead of subnetting because VLAN
can separate network by creating its own broadcast domain and network is secure too.
Using VLAN is cheap as expensive router are not needed.

Conclusion
The IP address is assigned to the different parts of office and separate network is
provided to the manager room by subnetting. The entire topology is built on extended
star topology with switch. The presented topology is flexible because we can add many
other user end devices in the future use as the demand and we can even divide network
if needed as only two networks are formed now.

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