Class Activity

Q: in context of above article, critically analyze the four important goal of public policy to
counter COVID-19?

Ans: In context with article the first point is limit the infection and mortality through social
distancing. Social distancing is when people of Pakistan are creating a distance in his working or
meeting with the people. Distancing creates with the awareness campaigns from the government
that educate how to limit the infection. Second goal is to create our hospitals very well equipped
and running for the patients of other dieses because other patients are also important for the state
but in current scenario the government is unable to cater the patients of other diseases. Third
policy goal is the economic downfall that arises reduces the prices of oil prices due to the world
oil prices decreases already but oversee the scenario not to reduce the prices of oil and increases
its revenue and increases the support program for the health sector and low income people.
Fourth and the final goal is to create a vaccine of the corona virus but in recent time government
is unable to make a decision to issue the funds on making of vaccine and in review of world
health organization this virus is very vastly spread in the world and according to WHO there is a
simple solution of this virus is to lock down their country and create a quarantine for the infected
people that is the best way adopted china and china is very successful in reducing the cases of
virus.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assessment Questions:
Q: how discount factor play a critical role in cost benefit analysis?

Ans: The first exception is the decimal number. Multiplying the cash flow cost to return the
discount element to the current price increases the effect of increasing the rate over time. The
key to the discount element is to look at the present value of each cash flow. In this context, the
discount element plays an important or integral part of the cost and benefit analysis because it
takes a lower price to take advantage of the higher discount factor that is achieved over the long
run and the subsequent generation. Is. Attention is paid more to cost and benefit analysis, the
discount factor also plays a role when the discount factor is low, which means that the net
present value of a project is positive and the project is viable or If the project benefits the
company the most. And cost and profit. Analysis occurs when the company has to make the most
of the project.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q: In which way, multi-objective model can help for decision making in public sector?

Ans: The public sector is a part of the country's economy, comprising both public service and
public enterprises. The public sector includes public goods and public services. The multi-
purpose model is a decision-making technique that is useful in situations where moral goals or
when one or two goals cannot be determined. The multi-purpose model helps the public sector to
decide projects in public sector organizations because the public sector is a government
organization that works on behalf of the public and the work is done for the public so a decision
in the multi-purpose model. Here are some steps to take

1st is to select the evaluation criteria.

2nd is to decide whether criteria is most important and selected it.

3rd is to access every alternatives in term of how well it achieves the criteria.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q: Which Strategy is more reliable to identify best alternative option in public sector in
context of gain or loss factor?

Ans : The strategies that are used in the public sector are very reliable because every strategy-
maker is mindful of choosing the best alternatives that will be beneficial to the public sector
organizations. In the context of cost and benefit analysis, multi-purpose models or other models,
strategies used to identify alternative options and take advantage of public sector organizations.
In my opinion, cost and benefits analysis is very reliable as it brings the cost and benefits of a
project and the benefits of this project.
Q: What are the basic steps of system analysis and what are the main objectives of
simulation?

Ans : system analysis is the process of studying a procedure or business in order to identify its
goals & purpose, create systems and procedures that will achieve them in an efficient way.

System analysis is more a mosaic than a specific analytical technique and what makes up this
mosaic. System analysis contains four steps which are as follows:

1. Problem formulation.
2. Modeling.
3. Analysis and optimization.
4. Implementation.

Simulation is the imitation or representation of one act or system by another.in context of health
care system simulation contains four main points 1) education. 2) Assessment. 3) Research. 4)
Healthcare system.

Simulation contains few steps:

1. Write a Problem Statement

2. Select Input Variables and Entities
3. Make Constraints on Decision Variables
4. Determine Output Variables
5. Collect Data from Real-Life System
6. Model Development
7. Select Simulation Software
8. Model Verification
9. Model Experimentation & Optimization
10. Implementation of Simulation Results.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q: After cost benefit analysis, how goals can effectively translated into measurable
indicators?

Ans: When the cost and benefits of a project are analyzed and the manager of a firm has to
measure the cost and benefits of a project. The choice of a project is based on analytics and
measurable indicators are the profitability of the project, positive NPVs, additional project
components and other indicators that are measurable for the project that are most beneficial to
the firm's plan.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------