The romantic nationalist music school was in the middle of the 19th century.
It was previously
attached to Western Europe in the economic and political fields, such as Russia, the Czech
Republic, Norway, Finland, Hungary, etc., with the development of the national liberation
movement. A group of musicians closely associated with the bourgeois nationalist cultural
movement. Therefore, it emphasizes regional and national nature; and an important result of it is
the formation of melody, tone, harmony and form structure with different national
characteristics, and various dynamic and new styles appear.
Most of the national music factions are politically radical, sympathetic or participate in the
bourgeois revolution of their own country and have a strong national consciousness. In art, they
advocate the creation of new music with distinctive national characteristics. Musicians of the
national music school often use their excellent folk music materials to express the heroic theme
of patriotism, in order to inspire their people to resist feudal and foreign rule. Democracy,
people's and nationality are always the distinctive symbols of their artistic activities.
The romantic trend of Polish culture in the nineteenth century was closely intertwined with
the development of the national liberation movement and the development of national art. In
terms of literature and poetry creation, it profoundly reflects the tragic history and suffering of
the Polish nation. In terms of music, the older generation of composers are dedicated to
collecting folk songs, etc., Monushko has contributed to the national opera, and the
representative work "Halka" is the first in Polish opera with a distinctive national style and
progressive tendency. Representative works. And Chopin of 19, a star on the European music
scene. His music inherits and develops the cultural tradition of Polish national music, creatively absorbs the musical achievements of classical and romantic times, and has opened a new world
of music. His rhythm has national characteristics. He also has folk dance music such as Mazuka.
Etc., develop into a large work. His music is very personal – the rich Polish folk songs and the
noble poet temperament. Chopin is a composer who incorporated Eastern European folk music
vocabulary into Western art music earlier, which has a greater impact on later generations.
Liszt of Hungary, he sincerely pays attention to the cause of the motherland, the history and
heroes of the nation, the musical tones and rhythms of the folk, are vividly reflected in his
creations; he is strongly promoting the composers of Eastern Europe, Northern Europe and
Russia. Encourage him to play a positive role in the development of the national music school.
Its first form of musical genre, the symphonic poetry, has a great influence on later generations.
Due to geographical conditions, Norway and Finland are relatively backward among
European countries, knowing that the independent Kingdom of Norway was established in the
late 19th and early 20th centuries. In the climax of the renaissance of various national cultures in
the middle and late 19th century, Norway formed a national music school. The first composer
with a reputation in Northern Europe was Grieg; the representative in Finland was Sibelius.
Grieg's creations are closely linked to national themes. He was influenced by local writers
and others, and scored for Ibsen's drama "Peer Gent"; Norwegian folk Harlem, Spring Dance, the
rural scene score scene "Shepherd Boy", depicting the unique scenery of the motherland The "To
Spring" and "The Secluded Forest" have all expressed his deep attachment to his hometown and
the motherland. His music is dominated by simple and simple lyrical music, especially songs and
piano pieces. Most of the works are based on the contrast of the atmosphere, and the folk music is used as the melody material to use the folk dance rhythm. In particular, the choice of harmony
is often based on natural tones, using uncoordinated chords, resulting in fuzzy and varied colors.
His music has had a greater impact on later-impressionist music.
The creation of Sibelius is linked to the struggle for national liberation. It not only directly
writes music for political struggle, but also reveals the soul of the nation and the voice of the
people. His concept of nationality is not only limited to the reference to folk songs, but also
includes the personal understanding of the characteristics of Finnish national music, and the style
and techniques of other Western European countries. For example, the symphonic poem "Finnish
颂" expresses deep inner deep, rich color and rich emotional expression.
The national music school was born under the unprecedented historical conditions of the
national and democratic movements of the countries in Northeast Europe. With the people's
national and democratic consciousness becoming more and more awakened, progressive literary
artists have developed a strong desire to get rid of foreign cultures and establish their own
modern culture. In addition, influenced by Western European romanticism and critical realism,
they initiated The movement to revive national culture. The musicians are dedicated to the
revival of national music. They created national opera houses, music academies and music
associations, collected and studied folk music, and strived to create works with distinctive
nationality to establish modern professional music of the nation, change the dominant position of
Western European music in the country and the development of national music. The backward
situation of being suppressed.
The development of the national music school is not accidental, it is the inevitable result of
music history. Its historical background determines its above characteristics. It has a great impact
