SHELTER

A shelter is a basic architectural structure or building that provides protection from the

local environment.
There are various types of shelters. Three of these types are given below:

Air Raid Shelter

Anderson Shelter in Chatsworth Castle Park, UK

It was an air-raid shelter made in WWII in UK. It was named after Sir John Anderson
as he initiated the development of the shelter. Anderson shelters were designed to
accommodate up to six people. The main principle of protection was based on curved
and straight galvanised corrugated steel-panels. A small drainage sump was often
incorporated in the floor to collect rainwater seeping into the shelter.
The Anderson shelters performed well under blast and ground shock, because they
had good connectivity and ductility, which meant that they could absorb a great deal
of energy through plastic deformation without falling apart. However, it was realised
that in winter, Anderson shelters were like cold damp holes and often flooded in wet
weather, and so their occupancy factor would be poor.

Advantages

 Low cost
 Deform under blast and thus no injury to people inside
 Camouflage against air raids
 Protection against rain and sun
 Protection against animals / insects
Disadvantages

 Cannot protect against severe cold and flood

 No electricity and water
House Shelter

Johnson Park Shelter House, Ohio, USA

Typically, these shelter houses are designed for public use and have all the amenities
of daily use like bedrooms, sitting area, kitchen, fire place, washrooms, etc with water
and electricity. These shelters provide protection against cold and windy conditions as
well as from heat. People can come here with family and live on rent for short
duration during vacations, holidays and visits
Advantages

 Full household facilities including beds, sitting, kitchen and washrooms

 Provides protection against severe cold and snowfall
 Protection against rain and sun
 Protection against animals / insects
 Electricity and water
 Storage
Disadvantages

 Comparatively high construction / maintenance cost

Open shelter Creek-side Park, Iowa

A Picnic Shelter is an open structure designed to protect seats and tables and any
people dining on them from the rain / sun. Picnic shelters are typically found
within parks and similar facilities. People can utilize them for eating, chit chatting and
rest. A picnic shelter generally contains:
 Picnic Tables with seating
 Shelter
 Concrete floor
 Rubbish Bin

This type of open shelter cannot provide protection against cold winds

Advantages

 Low cost
 Protection against rain and sun
  Good place for eating and rest
Disadvantages

 Cannot protect against severe cold and windy conditions

 No sleeping area
 No electricity or water
 No storage place or protection against animals