Awareness tips for corona virus(covid-19)

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a new

virus.The disease causes respiratory illness (like the flu) with symptoms such as
a cough, fever, and in more severe cases, difficulty breathing. You can protect
yourself by washing your hands frequently, avoiding touching your face, and
avoiding close contact (1 meter or 3 feet) with people who are unwell.

HISTORY
The history of human coronaviruses began in 1965 when Tyrrell and Bynoe1
found that they could passage a virus named B814. It was found in human
embryonic tracheal organ cultures obtained from the respiratory tract of an
adult with a common cold. The presence of an infectious agent was
demonstrated by inoculating the medium from these cultures intranasally in
human volunteers; colds were produced in a significant proportion of subjects,
but Tyrrell and Bynoe were unable to grow the agent in tissue culture at that
time. At about the same time, Hamre and Procknow2 were able to grow a virus
with unusual properties in tissue culture from samples obtained from medical
students with colds. Both B814 and Hamre's virus, which she called 229E, were
ether-sensitive and therefore presumably required a lipid-containing coat for
infectivity, but these 2 viruses were not related to any known myxo- or
paramyxoviruses. While working in the laboratory of Robert Chanock at the
National Institutes of Health, McIntosh et al3 reported the recovery of multiple
strains of ether-sensitive agents from the human respiratory tract by using a
technique similar to that of Tyrrell and Bynoe. These viruses were termed “OC”
to designate that they were grown in organ cultures.
Within the same time frame, Almeida and Tyrrell4 performed electron
microscopy on fluids from organ cultures infected with B814 and found
particles that resembled the infectious bronchitis virus of chickens. The
particles were medium sized (80–150 nm), pleomorphic, membrane-coated,
and covered with widely spaced club-shaped surface projections. The 229E
agent identified by Hamre and Procknow2 and the previous OC viruses
identified by McIntosh et al3 had a similar morphology.
 Pictures of earlier corona virus

How it spreads
Coronavirus disease spreads primarily through contact with an infected person
when they cough or sneeze. It also spreads when a person touches a surface or
object that has the virus on it, then touches their eyes, nose, or mouth.

Symptoms
Signs and symptoms of COVID-19 may appear two to 14 days after exposure
and can include:
Fever
Cough
Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing

Other symptoms can include:

Tiredness
Aches
Runny nose
Sore throat
The severity of COVID-19 symptoms can range from very mild to severe. Some
people have no symptoms. People who are older or have existing chronic
medical conditions, such as heart or lung disease or diabetes, may be at higher
risk of serious illness. This is similar to what is seen with other respiratory
illnesses, such as influenza.

Causes
It's unclear exactly how contagious the new coronavirus is. It appears to spread
from person to person among those in close contact. It may be spread by
respiratory droplets released when someone with the virus coughs or sneezes.

It may also be spread if a person touches a surface with the virus on it and then
touches his or her mouth, nose or eyes.

Risk factors
Risk factors for COVID-19 appear to include:

Recent travel from or residence in an area with ongoing community spread of

COVID-19 as determined by CDC or WHO
Close contact with someone who has COVID-19 — such as when a family
member or health care worker takes care of an infected person.
How to protect yourself to corona virus

Wash your hands

Stay home
Follow local public health guidelines
Boost your immune system
Try to stay calm

Other tips
Moorcroft also reiterates the CDC's advice for avoiding coronavirus (and other
respiratory diseases):
Sneeze and cough into tissues or the crook of your elbow. If you get mucus or
spit on your skin, clean it off right away. Avoid touching your face with
unwashed hands.
Avoid close contact with people who are sick, especially people exhibiting
respiratory symptoms and fever. Stay home when you're sick. Regularly and
thoroughly clean surfaces, such as counter tops and doorknobs, with a
disinfectant.
As for face masks, the CDC still maintains that only those who are sick should
wear them to prevent the spread of the virus. If you are not sick, you don't
need to wear a face mask unless you're caring for someone who is sick.