USE OF CONSTRUCTION

AND
DEMOLITION WASTE
BY
BABITHA & YASHODHA
SIETK (puttur)
Email: k.yvbabita@gmail.com
Introduction:
Demolition sites & restoration schemes are large amounts of solid waste.

Recycling of concrete & other building materials is difficult &

uneconomical.

It is possible to reuse most of the building materials & components.

As the volume of demolition waste is huge allowing the waste to be

crushed, processed, & reused as aggregate in building works.

The recycling of construction materials like concrete, timber , glass, &

steel is primarily an attempt to reduce the cost of production of new
materials & construction & also reduce the consumption of natural
resources.
WHAT IS C & D WASTE?

Renovation Demolition New Construction

40% 50% 10%
WHAT DOES C & D WASTE
CONSISTS OF?

Concrete
Brick
Timber
Sanitary ware
Glass
Steel
plastics
 CONCRETE:
o Concrete is one of the most important construction material.

o Approximately one ton of concrete is used per capita per year through
out the world.

o Recycling of concrete reduces

• Cost of aggregates
• Disposal costs
• Environmental damage
• Consumption of natural resources &
• Valuable landfill space

o Recycled coarse aggregates may be more durable than virgin material.

o It can also be used in residential construction

 BRICK:
o Broken & discarded brick can be used as
construction infill or as aggregate for non-structural
concrete.

o Brick that are part of demolish rubble can be

crushed and used in the same way.

o Brick masonry rubble contains mortar upto

20% by volume.

o Crushed brick & roofing tiles are the bulk of

demolition waste which were earlier being dumped
in landfills, but now they can be recycled into mortar
plaster & building blocks.
 TIMBER:
o It is mostly crushed into chip & used as fuel.

o It can also be utilized to manufacture wood-chip

concrete by injecting cement grout into voids of
compacted wood-chips in moulds.

o Wood-chip concrete can be used as building

material.

o This chip can be sawn & nailed as well.

o In Japan alone about 12 million cubic meters

of used timber from demolished houses are used.
 SANITARY WARE:
o Sanitary ware includes tiles also.

o There can be reused as it is, if they are not

damaged.

o If sanitary ware are chipped (or) cracked(or)

otherwise damaged are advised to crush and
use them as construction infill (or) as filler in
concrete.

o Pozzolanic value of such crushed & powdered

sanitary ware, is a desirable property in
concrete mixes.
 GLASS:
o One ton of recycled waste glass corresponds
to savings in energy equivalent to 125lit of fuel
oil & 1.2tons of raw materials.

o Recycling of glass reduces non-biodegradable

glass out of landfills.

o Glass can be used as substitute for Quartz &

Feldspar in the manufacturing of high strength
procelain sanitary ware.

o It can also be used to make mineral wool- an insulation product & in

granular form as part of the aggregate in concrete mixes.

o In USA an experiment was conducted on metal free-glass constituents

separated from municipal incinerator residue. This glass was used to
produce brick, glass-wool thermal insulation & as a major component
of a light weight aggregate used in structural concrete.
 STEEL:
o Steel is most commonly used metal in the world.

o Steel reinforcement from demolished concrete

is usually separated from the rubble on site &
sold scrap to recycling plants.

o The world produces over 783 million tons of

raw steel. It currently recycles over 320 million
tons of iron & steel every year.

o Scrap metal can yield energy savings of upto 76% .

o In Europe steel is most recycled .

 PLASTIC:
o There is an over abundance of waste plastic.

o It is very difficult to dispose plastics.

o Waste plastics can be shredded & used as

filler in other materials such as concrete
& also in construction of roads

o House hold plastic waste can also be recycled

to obtain artificial light weight aggregates
for mortar.

o Plastics reduces the possibilities of cracking.

Conclusion:
 It has been established that materials & components from
demolished buildings are being reused for new construction works as
well as renovation projects, especially by low- income communities in
developing countries.

 In developing countries most of the demolition rubble is dumped, the

developed world has now started to recycle it into aggregate for non-
structural concrete.

 It is hoped that recycling waste materials for use in the building will
cut down costs of producing new raw materials thereby reducing
consumption of natural resources like energy & reduces usage of
landfills.
The iimportant iinitiatives sited are::

1. Promoting separation of C&D waste at source

2. Promoting recycling

3. Ban on llandffilling of C&D waste

4. Developing market for recycled products

5. Production of concrete bricks and paving blocks

6. Guidelines for using C&D waste

7. Developing designs which ffacilitate ‘deconstruction’’

iinstead of outright demolition
 The Choice Is Yours…

To Landfill To Recycle
 REFERENCES:

o Abert, J.G., Resource Recovery Guide, New York: Van Nostrand

Reinhold Co., 1983.
o Akman, M.S., A. Güner, and I.H. Aksoy, "Historical and Technical
Specifications of the Khorasan
o Mortar" (Horasan Harci ve Betonunun Tarihi ve Teknik Özellikleri),
2nd International
o Congress on the History of Science and Technology in Turko-Islamic Era,
ITÜ, Istanbul, 1986.
o Hendriks, Ch.F., 'The Use of Concrete and Masonry Waste as Aggregates
for Concrete Production inthe Netherlands', Environmental Technology:
Proceedings of the 2nd. European Conference in
 THANK U

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