Dairy Cattle Lab Current Faculty, Farm Management, Clubs, and Research: Breeds Used at the OSU Dairy: Different Types of Milking Parlors: Production Challenges: ‘Typical Records / Data Kept: Cow maintenance cost per year: Circle the Dairy Breeds! Ayrshire Waguyu Angus Holstein Guernsey Brown Swiss Hereford Brahman Jersey CharolaisVocabulary BST: Byproduct Feed: ‘Homogenization: Gomer Bull: Management Facts, Dairy Cattle Silage: Concentrate: Somatic Cell: Age at First Lactation- Holstein yrs Jersey _ __ys Mature Cow Weight- Holstein Ibs Jersey Ibs Milk Produced Per Day- Holstein lbs Jersey e Ibs Lbs of Feed Consumed per day ~Lactating Cow Holstein Jersey Lbs of Feed Consumed per day ~ Dry Cow Holstein Jersey Typical Feedstuffs: Gestation Length- days Length of Lactation - days Dairy Products ro Fluid Milk is -_% Water,__% Lactose, _% Fat, % Protein, & __% MineralsDairy Cattle Anatomy ~ Identify the following parts on the picture below. Udder Pin Hook Bone Teats Mammary Vein Switch Barrel Rear Udder Attachment Heart Girth tailhead dewclaw hoot Fun Facts: 1) The average cow produces about 55 pounds of milk per day 2) It takes more than 21 pounds of whole milk to make one pound of butter 3) It takes 10 pounds of milk to make 1 pound of cheese 4) Dairy products supply 62% of the calcium in the US food supply 5) Japan's cows have the best efficiency per cow 6) The average cow drinks from 30-50 gallons of water each day 7) Cheese making dates back as much as 8000 BCCritical Thinking Questions for Dairy Why do dairy cattle consume more feed than beef cattle? Why do we clean and sanitize the udder? ‘What is mastitis and how does it affect the milking order? What is pasteurization and why is it important? Name one difference in milk composition between Holsteins and Jerseys, What is the dry period and how long does it normally last? |. Name two different styles of milking parlors and describe the advantages and disadvantages of both.Dairy Breeds and Uses Ayrshire: This breed originated in Scoiland and is characterized as a spotted breed, ‘The spots are reddish in color on a white body. Aytshires are recognized for their dairy appearance; ie., head, neck, shoulders and body appearance, Brown Swiss: “A large, brown colored breed that originated in Switzerland. ‘Known to reach puberty later in life than other dairy breeds ‘but tend to possess a longer life span. The large stature and ass improves their meat producing ability. Guernsey: ‘Developed on the Island of Guemsey, which is in the Bnglish Channel: This is a spotted breed, The predominant body color is golden or reddish fawn with white spots, Guemsey milk is “golden yellow” in color due to extra carotene in the milk. Holstein: The Holstein is a large, angular broed that originated in Holland. ‘The color pattern is a white body with black (or red) patterns. The color patterns will have a jagged edge. This is the most popular breed and produces the most milk per day. ‘Jersey: "The Island of Jersey, in the English Channel, is where this breed originated. The breed is firwn in color and the smallest of the five daisy breeds. Jerseys produce milk that has the highest concentration of protein and fat. ‘Milking Shorthorn: "This isa lange breed that has dual purpose qualities — meat and milk, This breed is variable in the red and white color pattem.Dairy Cattle Breeds Descriptions Breed Color Pattern Cow Mature Size Ayrshire Red and white Spots with jagged | Medium edges, 1200 - 1500 Ibs Brown Swiss Shades of brown, Lighter color around | Large muzzle 1300 - 1800 Ibs Holstein Black and white or | Varying from almost | Large red and white solid white to solid | 1400 - 2000 Ibs black Tersey ‘Varying from light [Mostly solidcolor | Small. “grey to mouse color_| with « black tail 800 - 1200 Ibs Milking Shorthom | Red, white orroan | Varying Medium 1200 - 1500 Ibs Gaemsey Fawn and white Spotted Medium 1200 - 1500 Ibs Dairy Cattle Breeds Statistical Data ‘Average Ibs milk, 305 days | % Protem | % Fat | # Registered Record Production in 2001 Ayrshire 15,000 33 40 10,000 59,240 Brown Swiss 20,500 a5 40 10,500 45,000 Guernsey 16,000 35 a5 6,100 41,000 : Holstein 2167 32 37 320,000 61,000 Jersey 15,799 38 48 64,000 41,610 ‘Milking Shorthorn 13,200 33 37 3,000 wknownDairy Breeds Self-Test ‘Your ability to answer these questions will tell youhow well prepared you are. Do not consider this to be a specific study guide, 1 2. 8 9. ‘Which breed is the smallest in stature? Which breeds are considered "dual purpose"? . Which breed produces the most milk on average? Which breed produces milk that is golden in color? ‘What breed(s) is solid in color? What breed produces milk with the highest concentration of milk fat and protein? ‘What breed originated in Holland? This is the largest breed in stature, ‘This breed is the most popular in the U.S. 10. This breed oan be black and white or red and white.