Republic of the Philippines

Batangas State University

College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
Electrical and Computer Engineering Department

ASSIGNMENT NO. 2

“P&ID SYMBOLS”

Submitted by:
Talabis, Jan Bredyl E.

EE-5206

Submitted to:
Engr. Dayson John B. Araguas
Instructor

February 15, 2020

Instrumentation refers to devices that sense, measure, indicate, transmit, and/or record physical
properties within a system. For these types of components, there is a slightly different approach.
The components are represented by what is called a “bubble.” The bubble is a simple circle,
square, or hexagonal shape.

All of these bubble types are further defined by a horizontal line, lines, or lack thereof. These
lines define where the instrument is located and whether or not it is accessible to the operator.

LEGENDS FOR FUNCTIONAL IDENTIFIER

All the symbols that appear in a P&ID diagram are formed
by combinations of letters and numbers. A certain amount of judgment is required
to establish the most appropriate letter code for an element. Combinations
of letters and numbers appear in each symbol.
The meaning of the letters of the prefix of the label depend on the position. These letters, in
general, contain enough information to transmit the functionality of the control loop and allow
to understand the meaning of the measurement and control. Sometimes, the code of the
 letter is insufficient to give an adequate description of the function of an element, if it is not
enough you can provide additional information, either in a box attached to your bubble or as
adjacent text.

The loop number is unique to each loop. The loop number is typically common to all

instruments within a loop.
All instruments and elements will be identified according to function, and should contain
the loop numbers. The letters are a shorthand way of indicating the type of instrument and its
function in the system. Typically, two or three letters are used. The first letter identifies the
measured or initiating variable, the second letter is a modifier, and the remaining letters identify
the function.

The letter codes must be assigned according to the function.  As a general rule,

the functional identification of an instrument will be made according to the function and
not according to its construction.Then we must select the code of the letter taking into
account the function of the element and not by its design or installation. For example, cell dp
in the accompanying figure is designated as an level transmitter LT-S233A instead of PDT
S233A even though it measures differential pressure.  ISA-5.1-1984 (R1992), advises that the
identification of the instruments be made according to the function and not to the construction.It
is broad in scope and flexible in usage.

The first letter of a functional identification refers to the measured variable. Therefore,

the valve positioner is designated as FY L81G, although its input is a current and its output
a pressure. This first letter corresponds to the measured variable and, if necessary, can be
qualified by a modifier. Successive letters describe the reading or control functions of an
element and these may have modifiers.

 Rule of thumb – The total number of letters in a tag number should not exceed four.
 According to ISA, it is incorrect to use the letters CV for a function other than a self-
acting control valve.
 In order to keep the P&ID diagrams clear and simple, the complex logic is not shown,
this is shown in the logic diagrams ISA-5.2-1976 (R1992).
The tagging process is well documented process defined in several standards, the typical tag
number consists of two parts:

 a functional identification or prefix

 and a loop number or suffix
Depending on the circumstance, the second letters Indicate and Record can also be used as a
noun, verb, or adjective, in which case they will appear in text or speech as Indicator, Recorder,
Indicating, and Recording.

The two-element numbering scheme corresponds to the following format:

where XXXX is the tag prefix that provides indication of function and YYYY is a sequential
identifier to make the tag unique.
Sometimes a middle element, such as a building number or a process material designator, is
inserted to indicate a process area.
P&ID - Identification Letters