BİLEŞİK ETKİLER

EĞİLME VE BASINÇ ETKİSİNDEKİ ÇİFT VE TEK SİMETRİ

EKSENLİ ELEMANLAR

Geometrik eksenleri (x ve/veya y) etrafındaki eğilme etkisindeki çift ve

tek simetri eksenli elemanlarda eğilme momenti ve eksenel basınç kuvveti
etkileşimi Denk.(11.1a) ve Denk.(11.1b) ile sınırlandırılacaktır.
YAKLAŞIK İKİNCİ MERTEBE ANALİZİ

𝑀𝑟 = 𝐵1 𝑀𝑛𝑡 + 𝐵2 𝑀𝑙𝑡
𝑃𝑟 = 𝑃𝑛𝑡 + 𝐵2 𝑃𝑙𝑡
 PD = 20 kN PD = 20 kN
Example c PL = 25 kN PL = 25 kN d

e f
W=45 kN

4.0 m
A
B

1.5 m 4.0 m 1.5 m

In the frame shown in Figure, A-c column is formed by HE240B, c-d beam by HE180A and d-B column by IPE270
sections. All members are made of S355 structural steel material. Check A-c column which is pinned in perpendicular
plane at joints A and c for load combination 1,2D+L+1,6W. (Δ H =55,7 mm for 1,6W)

Mechanical Properties
Section Dimensions
Strong Axis (x-x) Weak Axis (y-y)
d b tw tf A h Ix Wel.x Wpl.x ix Avx Iy Wel.y Wpl.y iy J Cw
mm mm mm mm cm2 mm cm 4 cm 3 cm 3 cm cm 2 cm 4 cm 3 cm 3 cm cm 4 cm6
HE240B 240 240 10,0 17,0 106,00 164 11260,0 938,3 1053,0 10,31 33,23 3923 326,9 498,4 6,08 102,70 486900
Axial Force Diagrams
Shear Force Diagrams
Flexural Moment Diagrams
Compression Strength
Local buckling control

𝑏 240 𝐸
𝜆= = = 7,06 < 𝜆𝑟 = 0,56 = 13,29 Flange is non-slender
2𝑡𝑓 2 ⋅ 17 𝐹𝑦

ℎ 164 𝐸
𝜆= = = 16,4 < 𝜆𝑟 = 1,49 = 35,37 Web is non-slender
𝑡𝑤 10 𝐹𝑦

Effective length factor

G
 E I c c / Lc 
𝐺𝐴 =
11260 400
= 7,85 𝐺𝐵 = 1
E I g g / Lg  2510 700

7,85 ⋅ (1,6 ⋅ 1 + 4 + (4 ⋅ 1 + 7,5

𝐾𝑥 = = 1,842 𝐾𝑦 = 1
7,85 + 1 + 7,5
 1,842 ⋅ 400
𝜆𝑥 = = 71,46 𝐸
10,31
𝜆 = 71,46 < 4,71 = 111,79
1 ⋅ 400 𝐹𝑦
𝜆𝑦 = = 65,79
6,08

𝜋 2 20000 2
35,5
𝐹𝑒 = = 38,65 𝑘 𝑁 𝑚 𝐹 = 0, 658 38,65 ⋅ 35,5 = 24,17 𝑘 𝑁 𝑚2
𝑐𝑟
71, 462
𝑃𝑛 = 106 ⋅ 24,17 = 2562,02 𝑘𝑁 𝑃𝑐 = 𝜙𝑃𝑛 = 2305,82 𝑘𝑁
Flexural Strength
Local buckling control

𝑏 240 𝐸
𝜆= = = 7,06 < 𝜆𝑟 = 0,38 = 9,02 Flange is compact
2𝑡𝑓 2 ⋅ 17 𝐹𝑦

ℎ 164 𝐸
𝜆= = = 16,4 < 𝜆𝑟 = 3,76 = 89,25 Web is compact
𝑡𝑤 10 𝐹𝑦
 𝐸 20000
𝐿𝑏 = 400 𝑐𝑚 𝐿𝑝 = 1,76𝑖𝑦 = 1,76 ⋅ 6,08 = 253,99 𝑐𝑚
𝐹𝑦 35,5

2 2
𝐸 𝐽𝑐 𝐽𝑐 0,7𝐹𝑦
𝐿𝑟 = 1,95𝑖𝑡𝑠 + + 6,76
0,7𝐹𝑦 𝑊𝑒𝑥 ℎ𝑜 𝑊𝑒𝑥 ℎ𝑜 𝐸

𝐼𝑦 𝐶𝑤 3923 ⋅ 486900
𝑖𝑡𝑠 = = = 6,82 𝑐𝑚 𝑐=1
𝑊𝑒𝑥 938,3

ℎ𝑜 = 24 − 1,7 = 22,3 𝑐𝑚

20000 102,7⋅1 102,7⋅1 2 0,7⋅35,5 2

𝐿𝑟 = 1,95 ⋅ 6,82 + + 6,76 =1111,52 𝑐𝑚
0,7⋅35,5 938,3⋅22,3 938,3⋅22,3 20000
 1,2 ⋅ −25,52 + −31,89 + 1,6 ⋅ −24,80 = −102,20 𝑘𝑁𝑚

𝑀𝐴 = −30,21

12,5 ⋅ 185,79
𝑀𝐵 = 41,79 𝐶𝑏 = = 2,18
2,5 ⋅ 185,79 + 3 ⋅ 113,79 + 4 ⋅ 41,79 + 3 ⋅ 30,21

𝑀𝐶 = 113,79

1,2 ⋅ (−25,52 + (−31,89 + 1,6 ⋅ (155,19 = 185,79 𝑘𝑁𝑚

𝑀𝑝 = 𝐹𝑦 𝑊𝑝𝑥 = 35,5 ⋅ 1053 = 37381,5 𝑘𝑁𝑚

 𝐿𝑏 − 𝐿𝑝
𝑀𝑛 = 𝐶𝑏 𝑀𝑝 − 𝑀𝑝 − 0,7𝐹𝑦 𝑊𝑒𝑥
𝐿𝑟 − 𝐿𝑝
400−253,99
𝑀𝑛 = 2,18 37381,5 − 37381,5 − 0,7 ⋅ 35,5 ⋅ 938,3 = 76271,06 𝑘𝑁𝑐𝑚>𝑀𝑝
1111,52−253,99

𝑀𝑛 = 37381,5 𝑘𝑁𝑚
𝑀𝑐𝑥 = 0,9 ⋅ 37381,5 = 33643,35 𝑘𝑁𝑚
 𝑃𝑚𝑓 = 1,2 ⋅ 23,65 + 29,56 + 1,6 ⋅ 3,54 = 63,60 𝑘𝑁
𝑃𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑦 = 1,2 ⋅ 23,65 + 16,35 + 29,56 + 20,44 + 1,6 ⋅ 3,54 − 3,54 = 98 𝑘𝑁

𝑅𝑀 = 1 − 0,15 ⋅ 63,60 98 = 0,903 𝐻 = 1,6 ⋅ 45 = 72 𝑘𝑁

𝛥𝐻 = 5,57 𝑐𝑚 𝐿 = 400 𝑐𝑚

72 ⋅ 400
𝑃𝑒,𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑦 = 0,903 ⋅ = 4669,01 𝑘𝑁
5,57

1
𝐵2 = = 1,021
1 ⋅ 98
1−
4669,01
 𝑃𝑛𝑡 = 1,2 ⋅ 23,65 + 29,56 = 57,94 𝑘𝑁
𝑃𝑙𝑡 = 1,6 ⋅ 3,54 = 5,66 𝑘𝑁
𝑃𝑟 = 57,94 + 1,021 ⋅ 5,66 = 63,72 𝑘𝑁

102,20
𝐶𝑚 = 0,6 − 0,4 = 0,38
185,79
𝜋 2 20000 ⋅ 11260
𝑃𝑒𝑙 = 2
= 13891,47 𝑘𝑁
1 ⋅ 400

0,38
𝐵1 = = 0,382 < 1 → 𝐵1 = 1
1 ⋅ 63,72
1−
13891,47
 𝑀𝑛𝑡 = 1,2 ⋅ 25,52 + 31,89 = 62,51 𝑘𝑁𝑚 (𝑛𝑒𝑔𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒
𝑀𝑙𝑡 = 1,6 ⋅ 24,80 = 39,68 𝑘𝑁𝑚 (𝑛𝑒𝑔𝑎𝑡𝑖ve (𝑐 − 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡
𝑀𝑙𝑡 = 1,6 ⋅ 155,19 = 248,30 𝑘𝑁𝑚 (𝑝𝑜𝑧𝑖𝑡𝑖ve (𝐴 − 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡

𝑀𝑟𝑥 = 1 ⋅ −62,51 + 1,021 ⋅ −39,68 = 103,02 𝑘𝑁𝑚 (𝑎𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒

𝑀𝑟𝑥 = 1 ⋅ −62,51 + 1,021 ⋅ 248,30 = 191,00 𝑘𝑁𝑚

𝑃𝑟 63,72
= = 0,0276 < 0,2
𝑃𝑐 2305,82

0,0276 19100
+ = 0,58 < 1 (safe
2 33643,35
Example
Column AB shown in figure is fixed at its base in both planes.
Its strong axis is under bending about x direction and its weak
axis is under bending about y direction. Nominal flexural
strength determined as 164.55 kNm about x axis, 63.19 kNm
about y axis and nominal compressive strengh is calculated as
1827 kN. B1 and B2 factors about strong axis are given as 1.02
and 1.13, about weak axis 1.01 and 1.00 respectively. Check the
column under combined effect of load combination 1.2D + 1.0L
+ 1.6W.
 𝑃𝑟 = 𝑃𝑛𝑡 + 𝐵2 𝑃𝑙𝑡
𝑀𝑟,𝑥 = 𝐵1,𝑥 𝑀𝑛𝑡,𝑥 + 𝐵2,𝑥 𝑀𝑙𝑡,𝑥
𝑀𝑟,𝑦 = 𝐵1,𝑦 𝑀𝑛𝑡,𝑦 + 𝐵2,𝑦 𝑀𝑙𝑡,𝑦

1,2 ⋅ 10 + 10 = 22 𝑘𝑁
1,2 ⋅ 15 = 18 𝑘𝑁𝑚
5 𝑘𝑁𝑚

0 0

1,6 ⋅ 15 = 24 𝑘𝑁𝑚

𝑃𝑛𝑡 𝑃𝑙𝑡 𝑀𝑛𝑡,𝑥 𝑀𝑛𝑡,𝑦 𝑀𝑙𝑡,𝑥 𝑀𝑙𝑡,𝑦

 𝑃𝑟 = 22 + 0 = 22 𝑘𝑁
𝑀𝑟,𝑥 = 1,02 ⋅ 5 + 1,13 ⋅ 24 = 32,22 𝑘𝑁𝑚
𝑀𝑟,𝑦 = 1,01 ⋅ 18 + 0 = 18,18 𝑘𝑁𝑚

𝑃𝑐 = 0,9 ⋅ 1827 = 1644,3 𝑘𝑁

𝑀𝑐,𝑥 = 0,9 ⋅ 164,55 = 148,1 𝑘𝑁𝑚
𝑀𝑐,𝑦 = 0,9 ⋅ 63,19 = 56,87 𝑘𝑁𝑚

𝑃𝑟 22 32,22 18,18
< 0,2 + + = 0,54 < 1,0
𝑃𝑐 2 ⋅ 1644,3 148,1 56,87