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AFPRO has drawn crucial learning about the rural sanitation Collaborating Agency UNICEF
sector from its involvement in NGP exercises over the past two
years. These are presented below: AFPRO Field Unit-V, Gwalior, partnered with the Wise Water
Management & Total Sanitation Campaign (WWM & TSC)
• An effective district level mechanism is vital for the
programme implemented in district Guna, Madhya Pradesh.
success of the programme. Better coordinated efforts
on the part of district officials, block teams and elected Wise Water Management (WWM), which is a concept developed
representatives are required to facilitate effective by UNICEF, is defined as the equitable use, management and
community processes. allocation of water for domestic purposes. The innovative
This project was initiated based on the model for water quality
monitoring and surveillance followed last year under the M-
DAWS project in Rajnandgaon District by UNICEF, Raipur, PHED
Rajnandgaon and AFPRO Task Force, Raipur.
AFPRO is partnering project stakeholders as a capacity
building organization for Ahmednagar district. It is training and Sanitary surveillance and pre-monsoon tests were conducted
capacitating stakeholders at different levels on functional and in the 4 relief camps (as mentioned in the table above) last
operational aspects related to the project. year in the first phase of the project. The remaining activities
were undertaken during the year of reporting. Apart from
Aaple Pani’s objectives are also similar to those of the
UNICEF Raipur and AFPRO, the Tribal Welfare Department and
Jalswarajya project. The project seeks to establish sector
Vanwasi Chetna Ashram (VCA) Dantewada were involved in
reform through a demand led approach for providing rural
the project.
households increased access to improved and sustainable
water and sanitation services. This is being ensured through an Programme objectives include analysis of drinking water
institutionalized decentralization of service delivery at the rural quality available in the project area and filling the capacity gap
level to local governments and communities. by linking testing and sanitary surveillance scores to action for
improving water quality.
State level responsibility for implementation and management
of the project lies with the Reform Support & Project Sanitary surveillance refers to an on-sight inspection and
Management Unit (RSPMU), Water Supply & Sanitation assessment of all sanitary conditions, applications and
Department. The District Project Management Unit (DPMU), a practices in the water supply system with special reference to
wing of Zilla Parishad is the nodal agency at the district level. those causing health hazards for the users. It does not obviate
4. Seasonal (post monsoon) water quality tests were undertook chlorination of all hand pumps based on the
conducted on 48 high risk sources that had already been lists provided.
tested in 2007-08.
7. 6 random samples were collected from Dornapal camp and
5. Assessment of Hand Pump sources based on state of tested for confirming impact of chlorination undertaken
functionality and sanitary condition was done. A response by PHED, Sukma. These tests have revealed that the level
plan was prepared for those hand pumps needing of microbial contamination had indeed reduced after
immediate repair and maintenance and coming under chlorination.
high risk scores, and shared with the community. For
PHED Sukma and district authorities are convinced about
demonstration purposes, some hand pumps were repaired
the simple and systematic participatory approach adopted by
and improved upon by involving the local community.
AFPRO for assessment of water quality and capacity building
6. Submission of separate lists based on the above of rural youth. Based on the experiences, UNICEF and PHED are
assessment to the district authorities including District planning to disseminate information regarding the learnings
Collector, Dantewada and PHED Sukma. PHED Sukma and expand this programme to other regions as well.
The project area covering around 1250 ha. area in Beed ‘Sarvangin Panlot Vikash Karyakram’, the Marathi name of
District, of Maharahstra, comprises 3 tribal villages Surnarwadi, the NABARD supported Holistic Watershed Development
Repewadi, and Jaibhaiwadi. Programme (NHWDP). The programme is being implemented
Programme objectives comprise sustainable development of in Vidarbha region that has been plagued for over a decade
micro-watersheds in a participatory approach involving the by a great number of farmer suicides on account of severe
village communities. This will be achieved by addressing the crop failures and losses in agricultural production.
agricultural and allied production systems for sustainable, long All the 6 affected districts in the region viz. Akola, Amaravati,
term improvement through natural resource management Buldhana, Wardha, Wasim and Yavatmal will be developed
principles. As a result livelihood opportunities in the area will using the watershed management approach. A cluster
be strengthened, enabling the community to withstand drought based approach is being adopted under the programme
situations. to ensure efficiency in delivery and optimization of impact.
Project activities undertaken so far come under the CBP and Similarly convergence with existing governmental schemes
will be completed at the end of July 2009. Community level is also being pursued to maximize benefit and address
activities have included mobilization through various IEC critical gaps.
activities and exposure visits, conduct of a socio-economic AFPRO Field Unit-I is working on development of two
survey for setting project baselines, and the formation of watershed clusters, Poha and Manabha, of 2500 ha. each
village level institutions such as Village Watershed Committee in Karanja Taluka, Washim district. Activities of AFPRO
(VWC) and Samyukta Mahila Samiti (SMS) for effective project during the reporting year addressed the pre-preparatory
management. requirements prior to the start of CBP. These have included
Area treatment of a portion of the project area as on-the-job the identification of watershed clusters, social mobilization
exposure has been completed on 40 ha. out of the proposed and preparation of the CBP proposal.
Collaborator NABARD
Soil and Moisture Conservation for Two micro-watersheds namely Nayagaon-I and Nayagaon-II
encompassing 10 villages covering 2200 hectares in Jhalra
Bharat Forge Limited Patan Tehsil have been selected for interventions under
State Maharashtra the programme. In line with AFPRO’s commitment to create
sustainable livelihoods, Sunhera Kal initiative facilitates village
Location Khed Taluka in Pune District based participation in building, reviving, and maintaining
Collaborator Bharat Forge Limited micro-water harvesting structures and management of water
resources to reverse land degradation, ensure soil and water
conservation, provide critical irrigation and raise agricultural
Bharat Forge Limited (BFL), Pune is developing a Special productivity.
Economic Zone covering a total area of about 4500 ha. at
These goals have been streamlined under the following project
Khed Taluka in Pune District, Maharashtra. BFL has planned to
objectives:
undertake Soil and Moisture Conservation works eventually
aiming at specific socio-environmental benefits including 1. protection & increase surface and ground water availability
community building, augmentation of water resources, through run-off control, soil moisture conservation and
control of soil erosion and development of greenery and retention measures within watershed area,
forests. 2. improve agriculture production through sustainable
farming practices and stabilize crop yield by adopting
AFPRO Field Unit-I Ahmednagar, is providing support to
suitable cropping pattern and crop management system
these objectives of BFL as a consultant. The project has
with community participation,
been divided into two phases based on the area to be
covered. Phase I areas measure to 1705 ha. while Phase-II 3. building capacity of community for strengthening village
areas are 2795 ha. level institutions,
livelihoods through community participation that brings both Thus there are great complementarities of competencies
the entities to close cooperation. between World Vision India and AFPRO this partnership
serves the greater objectives of both organizations. As a
World Vision India engages itself extensively on multi-sectoral
result both organizations are working together to leverage
interventions as an operational organization committed to
holistic development interventions among many poor rural
community based sustainable transformational development.
communities, facilitating an array of socio-economic and
It has a special focus on social upliftment issues, such as those
environmental benefits.
related to women and children. World Vision India addresses its
goals through long-term engagements in specific geographical Six of AFPRO’s field units and task forces were involved in
units known as Area Development Programmes (ADPs). providing socio-technical support to 17 Area Development
Programmes of World Vision India. These included services for
On the other hand, AFPRO is socio-technical support provider technical feasibility studies and surveys, preparation of activity
in the areas of land and water resource management and plans for soil & water conservation and watershed management,
sustainable rural livelihoods with a pro-poor and social livelihood assessment surveys and implementation of plans
equity focus. Its socio-technical inputs, based on programme and development of infrastructures as well. The table on the
experiences gained across different geo-hydro-thermo regions adjoining page presents a summary of AFPRO’s socio-technical
across India, provide a thrust to food security and rural livelihoods inputs for land and water resource development interventions
through appropriate natural resource management. with World Vision India.
4) AFU III Baroda Baroda Gujarat 11 Feasibility Study for improvement of irrigation project &
survey for water harvesting structures
5) AFU III Banswara Banswara Rajasthan 2 Feasibility Study for installation of Lift Irrigation System
6) AFU IV Singhbhum Singhbhum Jharkhand 14 Feasibility Study for installation of Lift Irrigation System
7) AFU IV Godda Godda Jharkhand 16 Feasibility Study for development of irrigation wells,
ponds/tanks and check dams
8) AFU IV Jamui Jamui Bihar 7 Feasibility Study for development of Ponds/tanks and
monitoring/supervision in operational are of the project
9) AFU IV Duars Jalpaiguri West Bengal 8 Planning for sustainable development of irrigation potential
and soil & water conservation activities to improve crop
production
10.a. AFU V ADP Ratlam Ratlam Madhya Pradesh 38 Completed construction of check weirs, gabions, farm
ponds, culverts, earthen and masonry dams, renovation of
dug wells, and the formation of user groups and capacity
building exercises
10.b. AFU V ADP Ratlam: Ratlam Madhya Pradesh 12 Ongoing work for construction of earthen field bunds,
Ratlam Watershed culverts and masonry stop dam.
Project supported
by New Zealand Govt. 12 Prepared proposal for farm bunding, earthen and masonry
stop dams, and culvert-cum-check weir
11) AFU V Lalitpur Aparajita Uttar Pradesh 11 Completed construction of Soil & Water
Conservation Structures, toilets and reclamation of land
12) AFU V Jabalpur Jabalpur Madhya Pradesh 4 Completed construction of dugout ponds
13) AFU V Dewas Dewas Madhya Pradesh 9 Completed construction of culvert and drainage channel,
check weirs, cement concrete road, ponds and toilets
14) AFU V Baran Baran Rajasthan 11 Work in progress in all villages for construction of anicut,
renovation of ponds/canal, murram roads and digging of
new pond
15) ATF R Mahasamund Mahasamund Chhattisgarh 7 Feasibility Study & rendering technical support for land and
water resource development
16) ATF R Rajnandgaon Rajnandgaon Chhattisgarh 3 Feasibility Study for water harvesting structures for irrigation
& preparation of Detailed Project Proposal for
water harvesting
17) ATF R Durg Durg Chhattisgarh 7 Feasibility Study for soil and water conservation activities
Programme experiences are summed up below for drawing up these stoves and these are being adopted by many others in
learnings and policy recommendations. These have been based the village.
on a specially adopted monitoring framework that was used
Hypothesis 2 (Water): “Community’s access to weather
throughout the programme.
monitoring and prediction data combined with community
As referred earlier, in order to differentiate the scientific managed water resource systems can lead to greater water
temperament of this programme from classical approaches, use efficiencies and improve adaptive capacities”.
scientific hypotheses were developed for each of the thematic
Promotion of water resource management as an adaptive
areas. *The experiences of the programme are presented as a
strategy included addressing field-based needs as well as new
broad overview of results obtained against each hypothesis.
technologies. The activities taken up included lining of irrigation
Hypothesis 1 (Energy): “Biomass based energy solutions channels and tank renovations, reduction of irrigation intensity,
are alternative coping strategy for households vulnerable to groundwater monitoring, strengthening water harvesting
climate change impacts in semi-arid areas”. structures, revival and restoration of traditional/community
Under this hypothesis, activities focussed on promotion of based water conservation measures and formation and
improved chullahs, bio-energy crops and briquette making as revitalisation of water user groups.
alternative fuel and livelihood option. Lining of channels for delivery of water to agricultural fields,
Improved chullahs (thermal efficient stoves) were adopted at renovation of existing water resources such as tanks, and other
the community level and are being well-maintained. These systems that promote efficient management and use of water
are ensuring a smokeless kitchen reducing health hazards for provide immediate benefits. These can be seen in terms of
women. Besides, the cumulative impact of efficiency reduces quicker water delivery with lower losses due to soil erosion
consumption of firewood thus contributing to environmental & runoff, improved storage capacities and compounding
conservation. Local artesans have been trained for constructing benefits including groundwater recharge. Farmers groups,
* Community Level Adaptation to Climate Change: A Road Map for Policy Development
22 ANNUAL REPORT 2008-09
after being made aware of the perils of improper groundwater to record maximum and minimum temperatures, dry bulb
management, have developed norms for efficient use of water. and wet bulb readings, wind velocities in the morning and
The concept of the water bank promotes the innovative use afternoon, relative humidity on a daily basis, and rainfall. These
of simple technological approaches for circumventing arduous are used for generating weather-based crop advisories for
conditions which poor and marginal farmers live in. In the project, farmers. Weather managers have been trained to record daily
in order to overcome disadvantages of topographical location, data and share them with farmers. Smart Farmers Clubs were
wherein the only water source (a well) was lower than agricultural established and involved in data generation and interpretation.
plots to be irrigated, water storage facilities were created at Many advisories have been prepared and communicated at
higher elevation and connected to the well through underground critical crop stages.
pipelines powered by suitable submersible pump. Underground Hypothesis 3 (Land Use): “Updated village level land
pipelines further connected these tanks to agricultural plots use maps and a basket of option sets for different rainfall
based on gravity-flow technology. This is supported by a local scenarios (drought, normal, excessive) can provide information
institutional setup for operation and maintenance. for appropriate agronomic practices that can stabilize yields
A new innovative technology, viz. agro-meteorological from rain-fed farming thereby providing greater food and/or
laboratories, has been set up in all the four villages equipped economic security”.
Lining of ‘harren’ (indigenous irrigation systems) at village Amda in Rajasthan have strengthened and improved the irrigation potential at the
village as well as reduced wastage of water during delivery.
of savings in energy consumption. Participants expressed and approaches was raised. Discussions also suggested
eagerness for new and affordable alternative systems of promoting greater participation from all sectors that would
energy, especially for the agricultural sector. be impacted by climate change. There was also a strong focus
On the subject of livestock, the need for prioritization of skill on community-level adaptation to climate change through
development of pastoral peoples, enhanced extension services building coping capacities of local populations in technology,
for livestock management and adoption of integrated livestock information, awareness and training.
production systems was highlighted by the participants. Equity Key Messages for Policy Consideration
for the sector through adequate incentives was also emphasized
to enable pastoral people and livestock owners care for their • Science and the ability to communicate science at various
livestock with the onset of climate change. levels is vital in fighting climate change.
The participants at these workshops also stressed the need • Devising local level climate risk management strategies
to develop marketing linkages and promotion of cooperative and building local capacities specifically, in implementing
systems. The need for making the best of available social location specific best practices are fundamental to
capital and improving on social cohesiveness was emphasized, successful adaptation.
as these would enable organized and coordinated responses to
• One of the key approaches at the local level is to establish
challenges thrown up by climate change.
Water-seed-grain-fodder bank continuum and maintain
National Policy Dialogue on Adaptation to Climate them.
Change
• Community consultation and participation in decision-
“National Policy Dialogue on Adaptation to Climate Change”
making is key for successful adaptation measures.
was organized by the Swiss Agency for Development and
Cooperation with the M.S.Swaminathan Research Foundation, • Strategic investments in small scale infrastructure is key for
to natural resource management would help in The project seeks to understand, firstly, the likely impacts of
managing climate risks. and vulnerability of livestock to climate change; secondly, the
consequent impact on livestock dependent rural livelihoods;
• A national estimation of adaptation cost is essential to
thirdly, consider the ongoing adaptation strategies adopted
leverage external funds.
by communities to cope with the impacts of climate variability
• The various national missions under the National Action and extremes, such as droughts and floods; and finally,
Plan on Climate Change could consider the above formulate adaptation strategies that take into account the
suggestions and incorporate them. institutional, policy, technical and risk-sharing needs.
Sample villages have been specifically selected from both the
Studying Impact of Climate Change
arid and semi-arid portions of Rajasthan so that data used
on Livestock Related Livelihoods for for analysis be reliably representative of communities living
UNFCCC in difficult climatic conditions and hence more likely to be
State Rajasthan badly affected by climate change. These villages, totally six in
number, lie in Pali, Jalor and Sirohi districts in the Arid region
Location 6 villages in Pali, Jalor and Sirohi districts and Udaipur, Banswara and Dungarpur districts from the
in the Arid region and Udaipur, Banswara Semi-Arid region.
and Dungarpur districts from Semi Arid
Efforts are being made to assess historical climate variations
region.
at these villages, including droughts and other hazardous
Collaborator WINROCK International India, is the climatic events as well as identify coping mechanisms
coordinator for the NATCOM which were adopted. This field-based approach is also being
under MoEF. correlated with existing regional and national literature on
the subject for developing a cohesive understanding.
Location 15 Districts
• Conducted orientation and sensitization workshops/ • At the gram panchayat and community levels, the
meetings at the district, block and Gram Panchayat level participants usually had a short term vision and reflected
for elected representatives and line department officials on immediate needs. They had to be capacitated to develop
to infom them about the change process based on the a long term vision and objective.
decentralized planning being adopted for preparation of • Development of common lands in villages which fall in
11th five year plan under BRGF. the degraded category was usually not addressed. The
• Carried out Visioning Process for developing the District development of such lands as well as degraded lands
vision, setting up of objectives, work priorities on the long owned by individual farmers was introduced into planning
term and to address the key issues at the district level. exercises as a key component for increasing agricultural
productivity.
• Facilitating development of teams in different blocks who
would support the planning exercises at the grassroots • BRGF provided the opportunity to address cross-cutting
level. issues such as poverty, local good governance, sustainability,
equity, and gender through planning.
• Facilitation in prioritization of needs in the plans and
preparing need-based plans at Urban Local Bodies, Gram Promoting Better Management Practices
Panchayat, Intermediate Panchayat and District Panchayat
in Cotton
levels.
State Maharashtra
• Organizing demonstration trainings for these block level
teams on micro-planning and various participatory tools Location 77 villages in Yavatmal District
to help them develop village level plans. While conducting
these exercises the vision of the district was used as the Implementing ART- Mohada
basis for developing the dialogue. Agencies Nisarg shree - Sawerkheda
Antodaya Vichar Kendra - Ner Parsopant
• Facilitation in consolidation of these plans at various levels BDBGVS, Yavatmal - Pimpalgaon
to prepare District Plan for approval from District Planning Vikasganga Sanstha – Ghatanji & Shiroli
Committee. Gram Jyot Sanstha - Zadgaon
• Uploading of the plans into computerized forms using Dilasa Sanstha - Pahapal
Plan Plus, a software developed by the National Information GSMT, Jalka – Shirpur and Botani
Centre.
Resource IKEA, Sweden
A brief summary of the learnings is provided below: Support
• BRGF has provided a new orientation with respect to
The 6393 farmers having different sizes of landholdings over 77 villages who
adopted the BMP module have big reasons to smile. Together they have
harvested 96147.01 quintals from 12883 ha. This is approximately an average
yield of 7.46 quintals per hectare and 15 quintals per farmer.
Location Maharashtra
38 villages of Maregaon and Zari Zamni This beneficiary cannot hide her joy as she stands in the middle of the kitchen
Blocks, Yavatmal garden she developed after being trained under the programme
Gujarat
“Ensuring Food Security through Community Participation” is
10 villages from Rapar block of Kutch District
a programme seeking to address the malaise of this potent
Andhra Pradesh combination among poor households in three different regions
16 Habitations from 5 Gram Panchayats in India – Yavatmal district of Maharashtra, Kutch District of
Gujarat, and Ranga Reddy District of Andhra Pradesh. United
Implementing Maharashtra Way, a Mumbai based non-profit, working on leveraging
Agency Gramin Samasya Mukti Trust, Maregaon corporate resources towards civil society organizations
Dilasa, Zari Zamni working for social causes, is partnering with AFPRO on this
programme, further divided into separate projects for each
Gujarat region.
Cohesion Foundation Trust
AFPRO is working as the main implementing agency for overall
Andhra Pradesh coordination and management of the project and for extending
Chaitanya Society for Agriculture and Rural technical and capacity building support to various project
Development (CARD) stakeholders.
Homestead cultivation, sustainable agricultural and land-
Resource Support United Way, Mumbai based livelihoods, with special emphasis on nutritional intake
are the broad components of the food security strategy.
Household quality of life is a function that has many parameters. Influencing community level behavioral changes in sanitation,
However, among rural poor all over the world, these parameters health and hygiene, and promoting maternal & child health
remain restricted to the basic wants. Two of the most important seeking behavior are the approach under the health & hygiene
of these are food & nutrition, and health & hygiene. The absence strategy.
of security in these factors, more than men, is experienced by
women. While women end up sacrificing their share of food Food & Nutrition Security
in impoverished homes, an equally great loss is endured by Homesteads were promoted in all the three sub-project schemes
them in the context of adolescent, reproductive and maternal with slight variations in tactical emphasis after consultation
health. with local communities.
Improving Rural Livelihoods in Hirmi irrigation, low agricultural production, and lack of care for
Cement Works for Ultra Tech Ltd. water harvesting structures. Due to poor irrigation facilities,
small and marginal farmers and farm workers also take
State Chhattisgarh recourse to employment at Hirmi Cement Works as labour.
Besides, apart from the Rabi crop viz. paddy, existing water
Location Raipur District
resources would not allow for a second crop.
Resource Support Ultra Tech Limited Various soil and water conservation measures have
been recommended in the village area. These include
Industrial activities like power generation, mining, and construction and renovation of structures such as canals,
other similar activities that promote economic growth also tanks, and check dams, installation of head regulators,
have direct unavoidable linkages with hydro-geology of the and linking of tanks. These will help increase the irrigation
particular region of activity. One of the major environmental potential through increased water poundage resulting from
impacts observed is a fall in the water table of the region additional capacity and efficiency of water storage and
through depletion of groundwater aquifers. Groundwater delivery structures.
recharge is possible only at the end of such activities; Activities recommended inside the Plant Area and Township
besides, this is a natural process, and actual restoration of focus on rainwater harvesting for groundwater recharge.
groundwater levels takes a comparatively long time. This Other measures recommended are the plantation of hardy
has a direct long term impact on agricultural livelihoods in trees like Babool and construction of contour bunds in
the region as well. the area of the mines, and capacity building on improved
AFPRO Task Force, Raipur is providing Ultra Tech Limited’s sustainable agricultural practices such as use of organic
Hirmi Cement Works in Raipur District, Chhattisgarh with manure.
There was broad consensus on the need for reforms in Indian marine fisheries.
Participants across the spectrum recommended that the reform initiative should
have an all India focus, under the supervision and coordination of an empowered
representative body at the national level, and should be built on best practices
relevant to the Indian context, focusing on existing institutions.
the marine fisheries sub-sector in India in relation to the key recommendations from the World Bank report and ways
broader fisheries sector, forward for implementing the reform process, followed by
Group discussions.
b) Assess the role of marine fisheries in the livelihood patterns
of coastal communities and trends in the socio-economic At the National Consultation, apart from the issues raised at
status of these communities. regional consultations, the outlook was broadened to include a
comparative look at global fisheries, international policies, legal
c) Identify the main legal, policy, technical, social,
and institutional issues, opportunities for reform and global best
environmental, and institutional constraints to sub-sector
practices. On its behalf, AFPRO presented a summary report of
growth, and biological and economic sustainability.
the recommendations gathered from regional consultations.
d) Undertake marketing and supply chain analyses available On the final day discussions were held on a programme for
to small and large-scale fishers for key fin and shellfish implementing the recommended reforms and role of different
species. institutions would play.
e) Examine the current marine fisheries management system There was broad consensus on the need for reforms in Indian
to identify the key constraints around more effective marine fisheries, while at the same time suggestions have been
approaches. made for inclusion in the study report. Participants across the
spectrum recommended that the reform initiative should have
f) Draw on national and international “best practice”
an all India focus, under the supervision and coordination of
experience to recommend alternative strategies to address
an empowered representative body at the national level, and
these issues.
should be built on best practices relevant to the Indian context,
Sessions in the regional consultations included an overview focusing on existing institutions. These recommendations and
of current status of marine fisheries in India – performance Action Plans formulated at the National Consultation have
and issues, livelihood issues in the marine fisheries sector, been submitted to the World Bank.
While assessing the reasons for dysfunctional hand pumps, it not given due emphasis in rural development plans. AFPRO’s
was noticed that many of the hand pumps were defunct due training has strengthened the capacity SEMs to support delivery
to mechanical failure whereas there were cases where non- of drinking water amongst those dependant on hand pumps.
performance was due to depletion of the water table. While The SEMs were so motivated after the events, that they gave
training would address the issue of repair and maintenance assurance regarding their commitment to address all defunct
of hand pumps, AFPRO recommended that water harvesting hand pumps in the district. They also took upon themselves
measures be taken up on a large scale for groundwater the responsibility for sanitary surveillance to maintain water
recharge. quality. Encouraged by the success and utility of the training
A total of nine training programmes have been conducted UNICEF is likely to replicate the same in other districts.
in two different phases at three locations in the district. The
events were for 5 days each and approximately 30 participants Training Assignments taken up by AFPRO
were present at each event. There were 24 sessions spread in 2008-09
over the five-day period, which looked at a variety of aspects The capacity building events carried out by AFPRO during the
such as different types of hand pumps, tool kits, hand pump year of reporting have been represented in three categories
installation procedures, sanitary surveillance for such drinking below. The first category relates to trainings undertaken as part
water sources together with appropriate response plans, etc. of programmes; the second to trainings where AFPRO staff
Hand pump repair and maintenance is a crucial component of have facilitated training events as resource persons; and the
drinking water supply systems. It is often underrated and hence third where AFPRO has organized the event.
Various events have been conducted at different cluster and village levels on the following themes
• Cultivation of Homestead Gardens
• Soil and Water Conservation
• Land Based Livelihoods for Women
• Nutritional Cooking for Adolescent Girls Apr - Mar 08
• Peer Training on Health Aspects for Adolescents (separate events for boys & girls)
• Personal Health, Hygiene and Sanitation for Teachers and School Children
• Maternal & Child Health and Nutritional Aspects
Rural Water Supply & Sanitation (Aaple Pani) Project supported by Government of
Maharashtra with Financial Sssistance from KfW
Nodal Unit: AFPRO Field Unit-I, Ahmednagar
Training events were conducted on the following themes
• Trainings on Community- level Financial Management and Record-Keeping Oct – Nov 08
• Procurement and Tendering Process
Training on Organic Cotton Cultivation organized by MARI, Warangal Warangal 4-5 Jul 08
Training on Well-logging, conducted for officer of Groundwater Department of Andhra Pradesh Warangal 20-24 Jan 09
Livestock Farming Practices for partners and staff of Seva Kendra, Dibrugarh Dibrugarh 23-27 Feb 09
Training on Disaster Preparedness & Mitigation Plan conducted for village communities Labhra Khurd, 22 – 24, &
in Mahasamund District Daldali, Maroud, 27 Sep 08
Parsada
Training on Water Quality, Hygiene and Sanitation organized by ADP Raipur, Raipur 29-30 Jan 09
World Vision India for VWSC of Karim Nagar Slum
Training on Basic Concepts of Watershed Development, organized by GVT, Hirmi 19-20 Feb 09
or project staff and community members from target villages
Training on Goatery Development & Management, organized for Hirmi Cement Works Hirmi 2-6 Feb 09
conducted with resource support from AFPRO Field Unit-IV, Ranchi
Training on Basic Concepts of Watershed Development & Disaster Preparedness organized Jagdispur 17-18 Mar 09
by CHDP SBH Jagdispur for project staff and community members from target villages
Training on Formation of SHG Cluster and Federation, organized by Leprosy Mission, Raipur 31 Mar-1Apr 09
Chhattisgarh for project staff
9 Training Events on Hand Pumps Repair & Maintenance organized by UNICEF Orissaa Laxmipur, Jeypore Aug 08
for Self-Employed Mechanics recruited by the Government of Orissa and Koraput Nov-Dec 08
Training on Hand Pumps Repair & Maintenance organized by RWSS, Koraput for local mechanics Koraput 4-6 Dec. 08
Training on Water Quality Analysis & Data Assessment organized by BSSS, Balasore Balasore 15-17 Dec 08
for stakeholders and staff of Caritas Bhubaneswar
Training on Soil & Water Conservation Measures organized by THREAD, Koraput 1 - 3 Feb 09
Koraput for women SHG’S
Training on Sanitation and Management of Solid Waste Management organized Bhubaneswar February 5, 09
by Water Aid for Sanitation Ambassadors in Puri District
Trainings Organized by AFPRO
After a round of discussions with the community, they were “Conveyance of water is faster after the harren was lined”,
convinced about adopting a simple solution of lining the says Babu Singh who grows sugarcane on a plot of 800
harren for improving its efficiency. This would improve delivery square metres, located approximately 750 metres away from
of water and also restrict seepage losses. the nearest dug-well. “I was able to complete irrigation for
my sugarcane crop using just one litre of diesel to run my
760 metres of harren have since been lined in the village. In pump. Last season, I had used four litres of diesel for the same
approximately one year after its lining, the harren has served purpose.”
to irrigate an additional 1.5 ha. of land in comparion to 10 ha
Bansilal shares similar experiences, “I used to take 7 hours to
that were irrigated earlier. By regular upkeep and maintenance
irrigate my fields that lie about 500 m away from the well.
of the lining, the benefits from the harren will only increase.
Now, after the harren was lined, it took only 4 hours.”
The possibility of damages either due to the flow of water or
other factors has been far reduced, and seepage losses are Thus while the community saves on nearly 200 persondays of
no more a threat. Delivery is also efficient and quicker due to labour that were required for preparing the harren each year, the
benefits go much beyond the convenience factor. Sustainable
unobstructed flow of water, negligible conveyance losses and
management of water resources including prudent utilization
regulated openings for separate fields.
based on effective techniques would always be one of the most
Faster, more efficient conveyance, and reduced time for critical components of dealing with climate change.
irrigation also has special implications when groundwater Further, simple, controlled interventions undertaken through
from open dug-wells has to be pumped out for irrigation. participatory, locally sensitive decision-making processes, lend
First is the direct benefit of fuel savings in terms of lesser a far bigger psychological impetus at the community level.
pumping hours. But a greater benefit is experienced in Such impetus is a must to build up the spirit of resilience and
terms of controlling the amount of groundwater exploited innovation required at the grassroots for adaptation to the
for irrigation. harsh realities of climate change.
Cyriac Mathew D. K. Manavalan IAS (Retd.) Fr. Varghese Mattamana Martin P. Pinto F.C.A.
Chief Finance Officer Executive Director Treasurer for Pinto M. P. & Associates
Chartered Accountants
EXPENDITURE
Core Integrated Development Programme
Human and Institutioal Development 1,143,049.90
Socio - Technical Personnel Cost 25,481,000.21
Outreach Support 3,318,983.34
Information Services 336,127.00
Administrative Cost
Admn. - Personnel Cost ( F & A ) 4,293,067.32
Outreach Support 451,177.21
Office Expenses 4,267,881.58
Hired Services 1,708,654.00
Cyriac Mathew D. K. Manavalan IAS (Retd.) Fr. Varghese Mattamana Martin P. Pinto F.C.A.
Chief Finance Officer Executive Director Treasurer for Pinto M. P. & Associates
Chartered Accountants