FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING & SURVEYING

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

SHAH ALAM

EAD 417
RESEARCH OF PANDEMIC COVID-19

PREPARED FOR :
MADAM FARRAH HANANI BINTI AHMAD FAUZI
PREPARED BY :
WAN NURANAZTASIA BINTI MEOR KAMARULZAMAN
(2019423204)
AP2462(B)
WHAT IS COVID-19 ?
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly
discovered coronavirus. Most people infected with the COVID-19 virus will
experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without requiring
special treatment. Older people, and those with underlying medical problems
like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, and cancer are
more likely to develop serious illness.

COVID-19 SYMPTOMPS
Signs and symptoms of COVID-19 may appear two to 14 days after exposure
and can include:
 Fever
 Cough
 Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
Other symptoms can include:
 Tiredness
 Aches
 Runny nose
 Sore throat
 Headache
 Diarrhea
 Vomiting
Some people have experienced the loss of smell or taste and advanced cases like
pneumonia and renal failure.
The severity of COVID-19 symptoms can range from very mild to severe.
Some people may have no symptoms at all. People who are older or who have
existing chronic medical conditions, such as heart disease, lung disease or
diabetes, or who have compromised immune systems may be at higher risk of
serious illness. This is similar to what is seen with other respiratory illnesses,
such as influenza.

HOW COVID-19 SPREADS ?

People can catch COVID-19 from others who have the virus. The disease
can spread from person to person through small droplets from the nose or mouth
which are spread when a person with COVID-19 coughs or exhales.
These droplets land on objects and surfaces around the person. Other
people then catch COVID-19 by touching these objects or surfaces, then
touching their eyes, nose or mouth.
People can also catch COVID-19 if they breathe in droplets from a person
with COVID-19 who coughs out or exhales droplets. This is why it is important
to stay more than 1 meter (3 feet) away from a person who is sick.

PREVENTION
Although there is no vaccine available to prevent infection with the new
coronavirus, you can take steps to reduce your risk of infection. WHO and CDC
recommend following these precautions for avoiding COVID-19:
 Avoid large events and mass gatherings.
 Avoid close contact (within about 6 feet, or 2 meters) with anyone who is
sick or has symptoms.
 Keep distance between yourself and others if COVID-19 is spreading in
your community, especially if you have a higher risk of serious illness.
 Wash your hands often with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, or use
an alcohol-based hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol.
 Cover your mouth and nose with your elbow or a tissue when you cough
or sneeze. Throw away the used tissue.
 Avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth.
 Avoid sharing dishes, glasses, bedding and other household items if
you're sick.
 Clean and disinfect high-touch surfaces daily.
  Stay home from work, school and public areas if you're sick, unless
you're going to get medical care. Avoid taking public transportation if
you're sick.

The CDC recommends wearing cloth face coverings in public places, such as
the grocery store, where it's difficult to avoid close contact with others. It's
especially suggested in areas with ongoing community spread. This updated
advice is based on data showing that people with COVID-19 can transmit the
virus before they realize they have it. Using masks in public may help reduce
the spread from people who don't have symptoms. Non-medical cloth masks are
recommended for the public. Surgical masks and N-95 respirators are in short
supply and should be reserved for health care providers. If you have a chronic
medical condition and may have a higher risk of serious illness, check with your
doctor about other ways to protect yourself.

MENTAL HEALTH AND PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT IN

COVID-19
During crisis / disasters / outbreaks, any individual may be affected
emotionally as is happening during the COVID-19 crisis. Everyone reacts or
responds differently to stressful situations. How a person responds to the crisis /
disasters / outbreaks is influenced by individual background, the differences
compared to others, and the community they live in. It is common for
individuals to feel stressed, worried and anxious. Fear and anxiety about
COVID-19 can be overwhelming and cause strong emotions in an individual.
A person can experience anxiety and panic symptoms due to:
o Lack of information or facts
o Rumours and fake news being spread
o Influence by social media
Fear and anxiety about a disease can be overwhelming and cause strong
emotions in adults and children. Coping with stress will make the individual, the
people they care about, and the whole community stronger. These feelings can
be normal in view of the outbreak, however, how you respond makes a
difference.
Signs that indicate that your mental health is affected and you need
psychosocial support Mental health is part of an individual overall health. You
can keep track of your mental health.
These are the signs to look for:
• Drastic changes in sleeping pattern eg- insomnia
• Changes in appetite
• Extreme mood changes - Easily angry, agitated or irritable - Feeling extremely
sad
• Severe tiredness and feeling easily fatigued
• Losing interest on the things you loved to do
• Withdrawal from family members and friends
• Difficulty in focusing or concentrating
• Desire to increase alcohol or tobacco use