(DPR) RRECProject Report On Solar Thermal Dt.12.08

Rajasthan Renewable Energy Corporation Limited
E-166, Yudhisther Marg, C-Scheme

Jaipur, Rajasthan
India
Date: 9th August 2010
Your Ref No: F12 (119)/Solar Energy/GIPP/Zamil/D-11946-48
Dear Sir/Madam,
I would like to take this opportunity to confirm Zamil’s long term

Commitment to develop energy and in particular grid connected solar
projects in Rajasthan. The state of Rajasthan is core market for Zamil, and
we believe that the state has the largest potential for the large scale solar
development in Asia. This 100 MW solar Thermal plant will not only serve as
a crown jewel renewable energy project for Rajasthan, but will also provide
much needed electricity to the state to fuel its economic growth especially
in rural areas, while taking advantage of the abundance of solar energy
available in Rajasthan.
In order to realize the full potential of solar energy in Rajasthan in these in

uncertain economic times it is important that we recognize the implications
for a fluctuating exchange rate and maximize economies to scale. To do this
it is important for Zamil to secure an allocation of 100 MW and to agree
with the RREC and the Rajasthan on the optimal rollout benefits the state
and aligns our interests. Please find attached a completed application,
Detailed Project Report & Enclosures for your consideration.
Zamil New Delhi Infrastructure Private Limited

Corporate Office: HQ:
1004, BPTP Park Centra 1 P.O. Box
14441, Dammam
10th Floor, NH-8, Sector-30, 31424,
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Gurgaon – 122001, Haryana (India) Tel: +966 3847 2011
Tel: +(19) 124 477 0900 Fax: +966
3810 8250
Fax: +(19) 124 477 0999
www.zndipl.com
www.zamilindustrial.com
Regd. Office: P-61, Double Storey Building, Lajpat Nagar – 4, New Delhi -
110024
Zamil will bring the best technical partners to develop and operate its
projects. In particular, for solar we have a technical partnership with one of
the leading installer of solar power in Spain, Aries Ingenieria Y Sistemas,
S.A. Zamil will be able to leverage this partnership to deliver the projects on
time, reduce project Development cost and lower the cost of panels over
the coming year.
We look forward to closely partnership with you to help realize the full
potential of solar energy in Rajasthan and positioning the state as a leader
in solar across India.
Yours Truly,
Zamil New Delhi Infrastructure Pvt Ltd
Authorized Signatory

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Detailed Project Report
Contact Details: -
1004, 10th Floor, BPTP Park Centra,
NH-8, Sector-30, Gurgaon – 122 001,
Haryana, India
Ph: +91-124 477 0900/901

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Fax: +91-124 477 0999
E-mail: puneet.goyal@zndipl.com
Website: www.zamilindustrial.com, www.zndipl.com
Date:

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100MW (2 X 50MW) Solar
Thermal Power Project

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Table of Content
1. Project Highlights
2. Solar Industry
2.1 About Solar Industry
2.2 The Global Scenario
2.3 The Indian Scenario
3. Regulatory Framework in India

3.1 JNNSM
3.2 NVVN
3.3 RRECL
4. Company Profile
4.1 Company Overview
4.2 Group Financials
4.3 Group Certifications
5. Need and Requirement for the Project

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5.1 Need for the Project
5.2 Requirement of Key Inputs
5.3 Consideration for Site Selection
6. Technology
6.1 Basic of Solar Power Technology
6.2 Technology Partner
6.3 Parabolic Trough Technology
7. Project Details
7.1 Proposed Grid Connected Solar Power Plant
Location
7.2 Site Plan (MAP)
7.3 Power Evacuation System and Interfacing
With Grid
7.4 Operation and Maintenance Requirements
7.5 Project Implementation & Schedule
8. Environmental Considerations and

Execution
8.1 Environmental Consideration
8.2 Execution of the Project
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9. Financials

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PROJECT HIGHLIGHTS

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PROJECT HIGHLIGHTS
100 MW (2 x 50 MW) SOLAR THERMAL POWER PROJECT
DIST. JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN
1. Company Zamil New Delhi Infrastructure Private Limited

1 either directly or through Special Purpose
Vehicle to be incorporated.
2. RREC Registration F12(119)/Solar Energy/GIPP/Zamil/D-11946-

2 No. 48
3. Project 100 MW Solar Thermal Power Plant in
3 Jodhpur, Rajasthan
4. Capacity Registered 100 MW (2 x 50 MW)

4 with RREC
5. Location In Jodhpur district, Rajasthan
5
6. Climate Max. Temperature (Daily): 41.7 Deg C
6 Max. Temperature (Monthly): : 33.8 Deg C
Min. Temperature (Daily): 5.0 Deg C
Min. Temperature( Monthly): 18.4 Deg C
Relative Humidity : 54%
Mean annual Rainfall: 279.8 mm
No. of rainy days in a year:18.7 days
Mean wind speed : 6.9 kmph

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7. Land Area 350 Ha approximately
7 requirement
8. Water Requirement 500 Gal/MWh

8
9. Technology Parabolic Trough Technology
9
10 Name of the Aries Ingenieria Y Sistemas, S.A., Spain
Technology Provider

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INDUSTRY OVERVIEW

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SOLAR INDUSTRY
ABOUT THE INDUSTRY

The Renewable Energy (RE) sector around the world, including India, is
developing rapidly. Within RE, solar is one of the major growth segments
globally with almost 30% of all investments in the sector going into solar.
The Indian solar industry, which is in the nascent stage, holds huge
potential. But the pace at which it is growing does not compare to global
standards. One of the main reasons for this is the lack of adequate
investment in solar THERMAL manufacturing and R&D in India. There is an
urgent need to facilitate and enhance investment in solar THERMAL
manufacturing in India. This would enable the domestic solar THERMAL
industry to provide cost-effective and sustainable solutions to the domestic
market and compete with the rest of the world.
• Solar power is energy from the sun converted into thermal or

electrical energy.
• Two broad technologies exist:
o Concentrated Solar Power(CSP) i.e. Solar Thermal

 Parabolic Trough
 Power Tower
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 Linear Fresnal Reflector
 Parabolic dish with sterling engine
o Solar Photovoltic (PV)

 Crystalline (Mono & Poly)
 Thin Film
Solar Thermal based electricity generation costs are declining and expected
to become economically attractive as technologies improve and the cost of
electricity generated by fossil fuels rises. In the years to come, increasing
investment capital will probably boost global solar power capacity 20 to 40
times higher than its current level.
THE GLOBAL SCENARIO

The solar power industry is the fastest growing area in the energy sector
and is expected to grow four-folds by 2011. In 2007, of the US$ 71 billion
invested in new renewable energy capacity globally, 30% was in solar
power.
Worldwide Thermal installations increased by 5,948 MW in 2008, up from

2,826 MW installed during the previous year. In 1985, annual solar
installation demand was only 21 MW. Cumulative solar energy production
accounts for less than 0.01% of total Global Primary Energy demand. Solar
Energy demand has grown at about 30% per annum over the past 15 years

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(hydrocarbon energy demand typically grows between 0-2% per annum).
The US market grew to 357 megawatts in 2008. Japan's market is now the
sixth largest market. Spain was the largest market in 2008. Solarbuzz
research confirms that the Asia Pacific, European and United States all are
projected to have strong growth over the next five years.
The earth receives more energy from the sun in just one hour than the
world uses in a whole year.
INDIAN SCENARIO
• India is one of the fastest growing economies globally and energy is
one of the basic requirements to maintain this rate of growth and to
serve its developmental objectives. To maintain this rate of growth (of
around 7-9% per annum), access to cheap, clean and reliable sources
of energy has become crucial.
• Power deficits continue to plague the Indian power sector and impede
the country’s economic progress. Today, the country experiences an
average energy (electricity) shortage of 9.6% and a peak shortage of
about 13.8%. To meet the growing demand and shortages, the
generation capacity needs to be doubled in 10 years. In addition, the
Government of India in 2007 mandated that electricity utilities
purchase power from renewable sources.

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• Rural India is home to more than 70% of India’s population and
energy is crucial for raising the standard of living in rural India and
encouraging employment generation. The Government of India has
kept a target of providing electricity for all by 2012 with a minimum
consumption of 1 kW per day per household.
• In order to provide an impetus to grid interactive solar power

generation, the Ministry of new and Renewable Energy (MNRE) has
decided to support grid interactive solar power generation projects. At
present, this support in the form of a subsidy is limited to only 50 MW
capacity. However, after the announcement of the Generation Based
Incentives (GBI) by MNRE, the latter has received Expression of
Interest for more than 1000 MW of grid interactive solar THERMAL
based power generation projects. MNRE is now targeting a capacity of
500 MW through solar by the end of the 11th Five Year Plan, i.e. 2012
• India just had 2.12 megawatts of grid-connected solar generation
capacity. As part of the National Solar Mission, the ministry aims to
bolster the annual Solar Thermal production to at least 1,000
megawatts a year by 2017.
• With an installed capacity of 123 GW, the country currently faces

energy shortage of 8% and a peak demand shortage of 11.6%. In
order to sustain a growth rate of 8%, it is estimated that the power
generation capacity in India would have to increase to 306 GW in the
next ten years which is 2.5 times current levels.

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REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
IN INDIA

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3.REGULATORY FRAMEWORK IN INDIA
3.1 JAWAHARLAL NEHRU NATIONAL

SOLAR MISSION
1. Introduction
The National Solar Mission is a major initiative of the Government of India

and State Governments to promote ecologically sustainable growth while
addressing India Synergy security challenge. It will also constitute a major
contribution by India to the global effort to meet the challenges of climate
change.
In launching India s National Action Plan on Climate Change on June 30,

2008, the Prime Minister of India, Dr. Manmohan Singh stated:
Our vision is to make India s economic development energy-efficient. Over

a period of time, we must pioneer a graduated shift from economic activity
based on fossil fuels to one based on non-fossil fuels and from reliance on
non-renewable and depleting sources of energy to renewable sources of
energy. In this strategy, the sun occupies centre-stage, as it should, being
literally the original source of all energy.

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We will pool our scientific, technical and managerial talents, with sufficient
financial resources, to develop solar energy as a source of abundant energy
to power our economy and to transform the lives of our people. Our success
in this endeavour will change the face of India. It would also enable India to
help change the destinies of people around the world.
The National Action Plan on Climate Change also points out: India is a
tropical country, where sunshine is available for longer hours per day and in
great intensity. Solar energy, therefore, has great potential as future energy
source. It also has the advantage of permitting the decentralized
distribution of energy, thereby empowering People at the grassroots level.
Based on this vision a National Solar Mission is being launched under the
brand name Solar India.
2. Objectives and Targets
The objective of the National Solar Mission is to establish India as a

global leader in solar energy, by creating the policy conditions for its
diffusion across the country as quickly as possible.
The Mission will adopt a 3-phase approach, spanning the remaining

period of the 11th Plan and fitrst year of the 12th Plan (up to 2012-
13)thas Phase 1, the remaining 4 years of the 12 h Plan (2013-17) as
Phase 2 and the 13 Plan (2017-22) as Phase 3.
At the end of each plan, and mid-term during the 12th and 13th Plans,
there will be an evaluation of progress, review of capacity and targets
for subsequent phases, based on emerging cost and technology trends,
both domestic and global. The aim would be to protect Government
from subsidy exposure in case expected cost reduction does not

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materialize or is more rapid than expected.
The immediate aim of the Mission is to focus on setting up an enabling

environment for solar technology penetration in the country both at a
centralized and decentralized level. The first phase (up to 2013) will
focus on capturing of the low-hanging options in solar thermal; on
promoting off-grid systems to serve populations without access to
commercial energy and modest capacity addition in grid-based systems.
In the second phase, after taking into account the experience of the
initial years, capacity will be aggressively ramped up to create
conditions for up scaled and competitive solar energy penetration in the
country.
To achieve this, The Mission Targets are:
• To create an enabling policy framework for the deployment of

20,000 MW of solar power by 2022.
• To create favourable conditions for solar manufacturing

capability,
Particularly solar thermal for indigenous production and market
Leadership.
• To promote programmes for off grid applications, reaching 1000

MW by 2017 and 2000 MW by 2022 .
• To achieve 15 million sq. meters solar thermal collector area by 2017

and 20 million by 2022.
• To deploy 20 million solar lighting systems for rural areas by

2022.
3. Mission strategy (phase 1 and 2)

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The first phase will announce the broad policy frame work to achieve the
objectives of the National Solar Mission by 2022.
The policy announcement will create the necessary environment to

attract industry and project developers to invest in research, domestic
manufacturing and development of solar power generation and thus
create the critical mass for a domestic solar industry.
The Mission will work closely with State Governments, Regulators, Power
utilities and Local Self Government bodies to ensure that the activities
and policy framework being laid out can be implemented effectively.
Since some State Governments have already announced initiatives on

solar, the Mission will draw up a suitable transition framework to enable
an early and aggressive start-up.

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3.2 NTPC VIDYUT VYAPAR NIGAM
LIMITED
1. Introduction
NVVN is a wholly owned subsidiary of NTPC Ltd a Navratna Company.

NTPC is the largest power generator nationally with stations across
the country. NVVN has access to the resources & facilities of NTPC.
NVVN has selected and posted professionally qualified, trained and
experienced executives from NTPC having wide knowledge & expertise
of various key areas of power systems such as business development,
system operation, scheduling & dispatch, financial and commercial
matters associated with trading activities. NVVN has acquired leading
position in its business areas with a specified clientele across the
country.

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3.3 RAJASTHAN RENEWABLE ENERGY
CORPORATION LIMITED
1. Introduction
RRECL is working as a State Nodal Agency for promoting & developing Non-
conventional Energy Sources in the State and as a State Designated Agency
(SDA) for enforcement of provisions of Energy Conservation Act 2001 in the
State.
Regulatory Support for Solar Development
A. RREC Regulations for promotion of Renewable Energy
• Clear Mandate on providing grid Connectivity by State Transmission

Utility.
• No Grid Connectivity Charges for Solar Power Project sanctioned
under State RPO.
• Evacuation System from Solar Projects GSS to be laid by State
Transmission Utility.
B. State Initiative to Boost Solar Power Generation
1. Over welcoming Response from SP Producer

2. Solar Projects of 8000 MW capacity already registered by 220
solar power Producers.
3. Land Bank in Potential districts- Land already identified-20,000
Hectares.
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4. Adequate Power Evacuation System-Dedicated 400 KV network
in Barmer, Jaisalmer, Jodhpur, Jodhpur area already in place.
5. Earmarking of Canal Water for power plants in solar potential
Districts.
COMPANY PROFILE

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4. COMPANY PROFILE
COMPANY OVERVIEW
Zamil Group Holding Company is a global investment company with diverse
interests and capabilities. Across the continents we provide innovative, high
quality and price competitive products and services as well as investment
opportunities for investors, partners and stakeholders in the industrial,
petrochemicals and services sectors.
Our range of products and services is expansive and spans air-conditioning

manufacturing to architectural glass processing, plastics to steel fabrication
and paints and cranes to heavy process equipment. We are also engaged in
shipbuilding and repair, port operations and maintenance, petrochemicals
and chemicals, industrial investment and general construction.
The energy driving our more than 60 sector businesses is our 12,000-strong
workforce in more than 60 countries, vast manufacturing facilities and
strong affiliations with numerous international partners.
Zamil Group Holding Company was founded by the late Sheikh Abdullah Al-
Hamad Al Zamil (1897-1961), an aspiring Saudi Arabian entrepreneur, who
established a modest trading entity selling food items and textiles in the
Kingdom of Bahrain in the 1930s. Later, he expanded his business
successfully into real estate investments in Saudi Arabia.

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Our vision is to be a prominent industrial and trading group with growing
influence in global markets. While focusing on our customers we are equally
committed to ensuring attractive financial growth for our partners;
competitive working conditions for the professional fulfilment of our
employees; and to contributing generously to the development and well-
being of our communities.
Our mission is to deliver quality, innovative, price sensitive products,

services, and investment opportunities to ensure we are the prime choice
for investors, partners and other stakeholders in our worldwide domain of
industrial, petrochemical and sector services businesses. We will achieve
this through a commitment to excellence, a dedicated workforce and the
adaptation of leading technologies.
Today a vast network of manufacturing facilities, joint ventures, affiliations,

alliances and strategic acquisitions ensure our presence in more than 60
countries on six continents. The consistent delivery of innovative high
quality products and services and the creation of investment opportunities
for investors, partners and stakeholders is the legacy instilled within us by
our founder and is the spirit that drives each of our more than 60 sector
businesses.
Zamil Group Holding Company’s Board of Directors comprises 12 sons who

– in continuing the legacy of their father – are actively involved in charting
the ongoing strategic expansion, diversification and international presence
and leadership of the Group.
For more than 30 years Zamil Group has taken a carefully planned and
strategic approach to expanding and diversifying its activities. The creation
of a viable industrial base in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia - paralleling that
of the oil industry - includes the establishment of large industrial cities in
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Jubail and Yanbu; the building of a master gas system enabling the
utilization of precious resources for basic chemical projects; the
establishment of Saudi Arabian Basic Industries Corporation (SABIC), which
supports Zamil Group’s industries with steel and chemical products; and the
establishment of the Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority (SAGIA).
This industrial base, along with Zamil Group’s vision, took advantage of the
many opportunities presented, starting with building materials industry,
followed by an active industrial diversification strategy, that resulted in the
rapid and successful development of its manufacturing industries. These are
complemented by a number of success factors, which include Zamil Group's
strategic vision, the commitment of senior management, development team
expertise and extensive experience and market knowledge.
Integral to achieving sustained and continued growth and development is

Zamil Group’s ability to provide clear vision and long-term strategic
direction for its companies. This is undertaken through Corporate Business
Development and Strategic Planning functions which identify and develop
new project ideas and ensure the maximisation of intra-company synergies
to achieve incremental growth.
A methodical approach to business development focuses on identifying

project opportunities; undertaking activities in technology screening;
conducting feasibility studies, compiling shareholding and sales agreements,
outlining execution schedules; and sourcing funds.
Other core elements of this process include identifying strategic partners

and planning necessary resources to implement projects. This entails
ensuring feedstock supply, recruiting key personnel and appointing
consultants, as well as applying for necessary governmental licenses and
permits. Additional activities also include introducing pioneering
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technologies, assisting with acquisition and merger transactions, and
forming strategic partner alliances.
Zamil Group Holding Company continues to invest in new technologies and

in new and increasingly efficient production facilities to create a strong core
industry and a highly trusted brand in regional and international markets.
We are highly involved in the markets we serve: we enhance our client

relationships through unparalleled aftermarket services - which through
direct involvement with our clients - refines our ability to anticipate and
meet their evolving needs and expectations. This differentiates us, our
brand and our products and services.
Our entrepreneurial strategy also focuses on the diversification of our

traditional industrial base into the more capital intensive petrochemical and
chemical sectors. We are developing and growing a wider portfolio of
activities in promising businesses and continue our involvement in major
projects.
Zamil New Delhi Infrastructure Private Limited (ZND) a company

incorporated under the Indian Law and having its Corporate Office in
Gurgaon, Haryana. Majority of the shareholding of the ZND is held by Zamil
Group of Dammam.
ZND started its operation in February, 2009 only and has already achieved
a turnover of about Rs.1.25 billion in 10 months time.
ZND provides end-to-end and turnkey solutions including manufacturing,

installation, operation and maintenance of passive infrastructure etc to
various telecom service providers.

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Companies and Investments under Zamil Group

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Sector
Steel
Buildings,
Structural
Steel
Products,
Process
Equipment,
Towers and
Galvanizing,
Steel Joists
and Floor
Decks
Logo Company
Zamil Industrial Investment Company (Zamil Industrial)
Zamil Steel Industries -Pre Engineered Buildings Division
Structural Steel Division
Process Equipment Division
Towers & Galvanizing Division
Canam Asia Ltd.
HVAC,
Manufacturing,
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Services and
Maintenance
Zamil Air Conditioners (ZAC)
Geoclima srl
Zamil CoolCare
Zamil Hudson Company Ltd.
Architectural
Glass
Processing
Zamil Glass Industries
Insulation
Products
Arabian Fiberglass Insulation Co. (AFICO)

Armacell Zamil Middle East Co.
Concrete
Products
Saudi Aerated Concrete Industries Company Ltd.

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Ranco Zamil Concrete Industries Co. Ltd.
Steel
Products
Universal Metal Coating Company Limited

Saudi Seamless Pipes
Automatic
Doors,
Ladders,
Metal Works
and Sealants
Zamil Art Industries
Automatic Doors
Zamil Ladder Factory
Metal Works

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Technical Seal Company Limited
Partitions
Zamil Partition Industries
Bricks and
Granite
Yamama Factories for Red Bricks & Clay Products Co.,

Ltd.
Coating
Products
Zamil Industrial Coating [Saudi Arabia]
Zamil Industrial Coating [Bahrain]

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TRADE & SERVICES
Sector
Operations
and
Maintenance
Logo Company
Zamil Operations & Maintenance Co. (ZOMCO)
Marine
Services,
Shipbuilding
and Port
Operations
Zamil Offshore Services Company
Agency
Representation
and
Sponsorship
Zamil Commercial Division

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Construction
Services
Arabian Gulf Construction
Travel and
Tourism
Zamil Travel
REAL ESTATE
Real Estate
Sector
Commercial,
Residential
and
Industrial
Buildings
Logo Company
Al Nudom Real Estate Co.

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COMPANY FINANCIALS

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COMPANY FINANCIALS

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GROUP CERTIFICATIONS

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GROUP CERTIFICATIONS

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NEED AND REQUIREMENT
FOR THE PROJECT

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NEED AND REQUIREMENT FOR THE
PROJECT
NEED FOR THE PROJECT
• Currently, the installed Utility Generation capacity of our
country stands at about 1,45,000 MW and the plan is to almost
double this capacity by end of 12th plan (year 2017).
• Further going beyond 12th plan, with a targeted GDP growth

rate of 7-8% and with estimated energy elasticity of 0.8, the energy
growth rate expected to rise at 5.6 - 6.4 percent per annum. This
implies four fold increase in India's primary energy demand & 5-6
times increase in Electricity Supply by year 2031-32. This means that
power generation capacity to reach at 8 lakh MW by that time period.
• In order to meet this energy consumption, we have limited

domestic conventional resources that is depicted below. The following
table shows the limitation either year-wise or the MW potential for all
forms of conventional fossil based fuels & present form of renewable
energy sources as estimated in the Integrated Energy Policy - 2006
Coal Will exhaust by 2050 at 5% increase in production
Lignite Will exhaust by 2045

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Oil Will exhaust by 2028
Gas Will exhaust by 2043
Nuclear Uranium Will exhaust by 2057
Capacity of Renewable energy sources other than solar power:
Hydro 1,50, 000 MW - max potential
Wind 45,000 MW - max potential

Bio Mass 50,000 MW - max potential
This makes very important to plan and develop feasible technologies to

harness alternative energy through other resources other than the options
mentioned here-in above.
• Unless we plan for an alternative source of energy, we will go

on increasing our energy import bills, thereby forcing our economy to
get controlled in hands of other exporting energy countries. Different
supply and different demand side options have been worked out by
Planning commission, GoI to meet the future energy requirement.
These options included adaptation of different mode of energy
efficiency in demand side and also adaptation of new technologies for
exploiting the renewable energy in large scale. The outcome of the
result reveals the alarmic level of energy dependency, vulnerability of
entire country's economy in the hands of Oil rich countries. The
import of energy could be in the range of 30-60 % under different
considered scenarios in IEP-2006. The imports for Oil, Natural Gas &
Coal could be in the range of 315-450 Mtoe, 0-97 Mtoe, 72-462 Mtoe
respectively. To give a better understanding the following table can

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give the import fuel bill considered at different imported fuel prices.
Oil Price Gas Price Coal Price Fuel Import % of

($/Barrel) ($/MMBtu) ($/T) Bill (Bn $) GDP
500 80 438 1420 7.7
400 64 350 1136 6.2
300 48 263 852 4.6
135 10 100 72 2.5
• The key imperatives in energy sector in order to fuel the

required growth in Economy have to be essentially derived out of
energy sustenance and going together with ecology and environment
around us. In order to sustain economy, there has to be a paradigm-
shift in energy mix with shifting focus from fossil fuel. The Electricity
Act 2003 already stipulates minimum percentage of energy to be
derived out of renewable energy sources which shall be binding in all
states.
• In accordance with the above, many of the State Commissions

have specified a percentage of the total purchases to be made from
non- conventional energy sources.

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• The maximum potential of the state from the present non-
conventional sources viz. wind, biomass & SHP have been estimated
as approximately 1100 MW i.e. Wind - 1050 MW, SHP - Nil MW &
Biomass - 50-100 MW.
• It is therefore clear that there is a huge requirement for

renewable energy sources for meeting the RPO obligation and the only
source available is "Solar".
• The solar potential which is unexplored so far is of the order of

lakhs of MW keeping in view of the solar insolation value in North-
west of Rajasthan (Thar desert) and availability of vast land. In
addition to meet the RPO obligation the solar projects would also
increase the energy security for the state.
• India is located in the equatorial sun belt of the earth, thereby

receiving abundant radiant energy from the sun. The India Meteorological
Department maintains a nationwide network of radiation stations
which measure solar radiation and also the daily duration of sunshine.
In most parts of India, clear sunny weather is experienced 250 to 300
days a year. The annual global radiation varies from 1600 to 2200
kWh/sq.m, which is comparable with radiation received in the
tropical and sub-tropical regions. The equivalent energy potential is
about 5,000 trillion KWh per year. The highest annual global
radiation is received in Rajasthan, northern part of Gujarat. In those
areas also large areas of land are barren and sparsely populated,
making these areas suitable as locations for large central power
stations based on solar energy.

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• Solar power also has the inherent quality that the power is
produced when it is most needed and is only form of despatchable
Renewable energy contrary to others. Rajasthan and particularly with
availability of vast land and receiving highest solar insolation and it is
believed that if 5% of Thar desert is covered with Solar collectors, it is
sufficient to drive the present country's energy demand.

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REQUIREMENT OF KEY INPUTS
• As per Electricity Act 2003, clause 7 stipulates "Any Generating
Company may establish, operate and maintain a generating station
without obtaining licence under this act if it complies with technical
standards relating to connectivity with the grid".
• GOI guidelines stipulates certain requirements for setting up of

power project, various Inputs/Statutory/Non statutory sanctions are to
be tied-up.
Relevant requirements thereof are as follows:-
 Registration of Company under Companies Act,

1956
Zamil New Delhi Infrastructure Private Limited is a registered

company under Companies Act, 1956. However, the project is
envisaged to be executed through a Solar THERMAL in line with the
current practice and as a requirement for financing from banker's
prospective. The name of Solar THERMAL company with due
registration certificate along with its MoA etc will be intimated
subsequently.
 Land availability
The project is proposed to be set up in Jodhpur District. Total land

requirement for the 100 MW project will be 350 Ha approximately. The
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land has been identified and an application for allotment of land has
already been filed before the relevant authority in Rajashtan.
 State Pollution Control Board Clearance
Solar based THERMAL power plant does not require any Environment
clearance from Ministry of Environment & Forest and no Environment
Impact Assessment (EIA) study also need to be carried out as per the
EIA notification act of 14th Sept 2006. However, the consent to
establish / NOC from Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board (SPCB)
shall be required and due permission will be obtained before making
the plant operational.
 Environmental & Forest Clearance from MOE&F/ State

Environment Dept.
As stated above, this is not applicable for a Solar project so long as no

forest land is involved. The identified site doesn't cover any sorts of
plantation or forest land as per forest record or even otherwise. Hence
this permission is not applicable.
 Power Evacuation Plan
Power generated will be evacuated at 132 KV level to the nearest

Substation at PS-1 which is 20 km away from our power plant location.
The power evacuation for the 100 MW will be through a 20 km, 132 KV
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double circuit feeder using Panther ACSR conductor. The generator
voltage will be 415 volts which will be stepped up to first 33 kV level
then to 132 KV level through 5.0 MW, 23 numbers of 415V / 33kV
generator transformers and 6 numbers 20 MVA , 33/132kV step up
transformers.
 Tariff Policy
The Tariff Policy issued by Ministry of Power, GoI dated 6th Jan 2006
under Para 6.4 states followings: -
• Pursuant to provisions of section 86(1)(e) of the Act, the

Appropriate Commission shall fix a minimum percentage for
purchase of energy from such sources taking into account
availability of such resources in the region and its impact on retail
tariffs. It will take some time before non-conventional
technologies can compete with conventional sources in terms of
cost of electricity. Therefore, procurement by distribution
companies shall be done at preferential tariffs determined by the
Appropriate Commission.
However in view of the nascent stage of exploitation of solar energy in

Indian context and in the long run interest of making this technology to
become viable, it is absolutely not recommended for opting competitive
bidding for discovering the tariff at this point of time. The sector has to be
essentially nurtured with suitable guaranteed feed-in tariffs to be decided
by the respective Commissions on Cost Plus basis. All countries which are
already planning to develop this sector are providing preferential feed-in
tariff to make this sector attractive financially. Thus they are creating an
environment with guaranteed returns where the requisite deployment is

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possible and in turn which automatically will reduce the cost.
The cost reductions are only possible when minimum deployment of solar
projects occur, supply chain management get established, local
manufacturing of critical components start in India. Hence till that time,
the tariff is to be decided by the state regulators on Cost plus basis from
the view point of the minimum RPO and its impact on retail tariff.

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INTERNATIONAL FEED-IN TARIFF

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CONSIDERATIONS FOR SITE
SELECTION
Siting of a Solar Thermal Power project is primarily governed by following
considerations:
• Availability of land
• Location and accessibility
• Solar Insolation
• Proximity to the existing grid
• Requirement of Water
Land
Land is required primarily for Solar Panels, stores, workshop and administration
building. The land required for accommodating the 100 MW Solar power
plant is about 350 Ha. The land has been identified and an application for
allotment of land has already been filed before the relevant authority in
Rajashtan.
Location and Accessibility

The site for the proposed 100 MW project is identified in Jodhpur district.
The site is approximately 120 Km from Phalodi and nearest National
Highway is NH 15.
The region is hot and receives scanty rainfall.
Solar Insolation Level

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The direct solar radiation as recorded at Jodhpur which is assumed to
prevail in similar order and the values are placed as below. As seen from
chart below, the DNI value that is of importance for THERMAL technology is
of the order of 2285 kwh/m2 per annum, considered to be an excellent
site for development of THERMAL projects.
Proximity to Grid
Power generated will be evacuated at 132 KV level to the nearest

Substation at PS-1 which is 20 km away from our power plant location. The
power evacuation for the 100 MW will be through a 20 km, 132 KV double
circuit feeder using Panther ACSR conductor. The generator voltage will be
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415 volts which will be stepped up to first 33 kV level then to 132 KV level
through 5.0 MW, 23 numbers of 415V / 33kV generator transformers and 6
numbers 20 MVA , 33/132kV step up transformers.
Requirement of Water
Parabolic trough plant requires water to condense steam, provide make-up water
for the steam cycle and for mirror washing. A water-cooled parabolic trough plant
consumes about 500 gal/MWh, of which 2% is used for mirror washing.
TECHNOLOGY
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BASICS OF SOLAR POWER TECHNOLOGY
6.1 Basics of Solar Power
There are two ways of producing electricity from solar source i.e. thru Solar
Photo – Voltaic (PV) or Solar Thermal.
6.2 Solar Photovoltic (PV) Technology
PV cells convert incident light directly into electricity as explained in Particle

theory of Physics. Incident photons (light ray) strike on the PV cell (made
of special grade Silicon – a semiconductor) and "knock off" electrons. These
"free" electrons start flowing through a circuit forming an electrical current.
Solar thermal uses the heat component of the solar source. Heat is used
directly or through an intermediate fluid to generate steam which is used in
steam turbine to produce the electricity.
Flat-plate photovoltaic collectors contain an array of individual photovoltaic

cells, connected in a series/parallel circuit, and encapsulated within a
sandwich structure with the front surface being glass or plastic. Solar
energy falls directly upon the photovoltaic cell front surface and produces a
small direct current voltage, providing electrical energy to a load. Unlike
thermal collectors however, the backside of the panel is not insulated.
Photovoltaic panels need to loose as much heat as possible to the
atmosphere to optimize their performance.
Like flat-plate photovoltaic collectors (panels) absorb both energy coming

directly from the sun's disc, and diffuse and reflected energy coming from
other directions. In general, flat-plate photovoltaic panels are mounted in a
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fixed position and tilted toward the south to optimize noontime and daily
energy production. However, it is common to see flat-plate photovoltaic
panels mounted on mechanisms that track the sun about one tilted axis,
thereby increasing the daily output of the panels.
6.3 Solar Thermal Power Generating Technology

Concentrating solar power (CSP), also known as solar thermal power is a
relatively unexploited form of renewable energy. The technology uses
concentrated solar radiation through sun tracking mirrors for electricity
generation in large-scale grid-connected power plants. This fact
distinguishes CSP from many other renewable energy technologies and
promise to become cost-competitive with conventional fossil fuel plants
during the next decade. If approximately 1% of the world’s desert area
were covered by solar thermal power plants, sufficient energy would be
generated to meet today’s entire electricity demand and similarly if 5% of
our Thar desert is covered, it can replace the present electricity produced
from all Utility power plants all over India. India is a sun belt country and
receives abundant solar energy equivalent to 5000 Trillion kWh per year
and more importantly it has vast waste land available not useful for any
other purpose.
Despite the few existing solar thermal power plants worldwide and the
meager public awareness, CSP is already a commercially proven and
demonstrated technology. According to the way of concentration, different
CSP concepts turned out for different applications and market segments. It
works on two principles either on line focusing or point focusing mode.
Three popular technologies are available today commercially for large scale
deployment if proper break-through is made in a cohesive manner
overcoming the present bottlenecks in supply chain and removal of entry
barriers for new players in the field. Those are Parabolic trough technology

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(PTC), Solar Towers used for utility MW scale power plants and Parabolic
Dish using sterling engines used for KW scale Distributed generation.
6.3.1 Parabolic trough system:

Parabolic trough power plants are line-focusing Solar Thermal Electric (STE)
power plants. Trough systems use the low iron mirrors of parabolic shape to
focus direct solar radiation on a 70 mm dia absorber pipe running along the
focal line of the parabola. The HTF (heat transfer fluid) inside the absorber
pipe is heated and pumped to the steam generator, which, in turn, is
connected to a steam turbine. The collectors rotate about horizontal north–
south axes through solar tracking system. The major components in the
system are Mirrors, absorber tubes, Collector frames which position the
mirrors & absorber tubes, solar tracking controls, fluid transfer pumps, Heat
exchanger for using the heat in forming steam which is used in conventional
rankine cycle power block consisting of a reheat or non-reheat turbine with
regenerative feed water heaters, deaerators. These types of power plants
can have energy storage system or instead they are coupled to natural gas
fired back up systems. A typical configuration of such systems is shown in
Figure below.

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6.3.2 Solar Tower with Central Receiver:
Solar power towers generate electric power from sunlight by focusing
concentrated solar radiation on a tower-mounted heat exchanger (receiver).
Solar tower power plants are point-focusing Solar Thermal Electric (STE)
power plants. In power tower systems, heliostats (A Heliostat is a device
that tracks the movement of the sun which is used to orient a mirror of field
of mirrors, throughout the day, to reflect sunlight onto a target-receiver)
reflect and concentrate sunlight onto a central tower-mounted receiver
where the energy is transferred through HTF i.e. through hot air, or thru
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molten nitrate salt or can be used to direct generate steam. Heliostat field,
the heliostat controls, the receiver, the storage system, and the steam
turbine, which drives the generator, are the major components of the
system.
6.3.3 Parabolic dish systems:

The parabolic dish system uses a parabolic dish shaped mirror or a modular
mirror system that approximates a parabola and incorporates two-axis
tracking to focus the sunlight onto receivers located at the focal point of the
dish, which absorbs the energy and converts it into thermal energy. This
can be used directly as heat for thermal application or for power generation.
The thermal energy can either be transported to a central generator for
conversion, or it can be converted directly into electricity at a local
generator coupled to the receiver (Figure below)

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6.4 Integration with Power Cycles
Because of their thermal nature, all the solar thermal technologies can be
hybridized, or operated with fossil fuel. Hybridization has the potential to
increase the output of CSP plant by increasing its availability and
dispatchability, decreasing its cost (by making more effective use of power
generation equipment), and reducing technological risk by allowing
conventional fuel use when needed. This type of plants are called as
Integrated Steam Combined Cycle System (ISCCS).

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6.5 Thermal Storage
In case of Solar Thermal power plant there is potential for producing
electricity, even after sun sets through use of thermal storage of 6-8 hours.
Probably this is one of solar thermal’s biggest strength just as hydel and
can be used for meeting the peak load requirement. Here two tank storage
system is employed with two nos. of molten nitrate salt (60% NaNO3 +
40% KNo3) which stores sensible heat storage during day time by
installation of additional solar collector fields depending the storage hours of
operation. After sunset the stored sensible heat from the hot molten tank
passes to the cold tank after releasing its heat in the heat exchanger.
6.6 Experience in CSP Industry

a. CSP was first commercialized in mid 1980’s in California in the United
States. LUZ Company installed nine such plants between 1985–1991
totaling to 354 MWe capacity. The units are still operating producing
electricity at price even lesser than conventional fossil fuel plants. Though
the plants were commercialized between mid eighties and early nineties
after the experiencing the Oil shock in 1970’s, but subsequent fall of fossil
fuel price and withdrawal of tax credits by US Govt, made the developer Luz
bankrupt and so the whole sector went into dormant state.
b. After a long time gap and with rise in oil/other fossil fuel prices, the
industry has again kick-started; the start was with a 64 MW plant built at
Nevada in US using parabolic trough technologies similar to SEGS plant and
operating since June 2007. Besides another 11 MW plant (PS 10) using
solar tower technology is put on operational in Spain in April 2007. This
makes for a total of 429 MW CSP plant operation at the moment on
commercial basis.
c. In addition to that 370 MW CSP plant are under construction in Spain,

with one unit of 49.9 MW with 7.5 hrs thermal storage at Andasol on
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parabolic trough technology and another 20 MW plant (PS 20) using solar
tower technology will come into operation by the end of this year. Besides
other major CSP installations under construction are:-
i. Algeria 130 MW ISCCS with 30 MW CSP.
ii.Morocco 450 MW ISCCS with 30 MW CSP.
iii. Egypt 130 MW ISCCS with 20 MW CSP.
d. Additional 4000 MW CSP projects are under various stages of

development across various countries and mainly in US, Spain, Israel, Abu-
Dhabi, Egypt, North African countries.
6.7 Selected Technology For Rajasthan’s Jodhpur Project
The selection of technology for the proposed project is made based on

following points.
• Solar thermal power plants are optimal with Megawatt class power
generation while Solar PV based plants are generally better suited for
distributed power generation application.
• Because of its inherent process of conversion of electricity, PV cells work

better in cold weather conditions with bright sunlight, and Solar thermal
(CSP) technology works best in hot weather condition.
• The efficiency of PV based plants is highest at min ambient temp and

same drops down with increase in ambient temperature. This is because of
increase in junction resistance and accordingly occurrence of higher internal
voltage drop. On the other hand Solar to thermal efficiency for CSP
technology achieves peak value at highest ambient temperature.

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• In case of Solar Thermal power plant there is potential for producing
electricity, even after sun sets through use of thermal storage of 6-8 hours.
Probably this is one of solar thermal’s biggest strength just as hydel and
can be used for meeting the peak load requirement.
• Solar PV based plant uses silicon which is presently expensive and needs
lots of innovation & volume to reduce its capital cost to compete with
conventional fossil plant. On the contrary the solar thermal option uses
commonly used glass and steel which have no constraints in today’s
production and more over the power block having boiler and steam turbine
are similar to conventional coal fired power plant. So potential for effecting
capital cost reduction with increase in volume is very high for Solar thermal
plants. Presently the capex of CSP is high because of limited players and
limited users.
In view of strengths of technologies as discussed, size of the plant, location
of proposed power station, potential of cost reduction with volume of
deployment, proveness of technology else where in similar conditions, it is
recommended to go for CSP-Parabolic Trough Technology.
6.2 PARABOLIC TROUGH TECHNOLOGY

The process flow diagram that is representative of the majority of parabolic
trough solar power plants in operation today. The collector field consists of
a large field of single-axis tracking parabolic trough solar collectors. The
solar field is modular in nature and is composed of many parallel rows of
solar collectors aligned on a north-south horizontal axis. Each solar collector
has a linear parabolic-shaped reflector that focuses the sun’s direct beam
radiation on a linear receiver located at the focus of the parabola. The
collectors track the sun from east to west during the day to ensure that the
sun is continuously focused on the linear receiver. A heat transfer fluid

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(HTF) is heated as it circulates through the receiver and returns to a series
of heat exchangers in the power block where the fluid is used to generate
high-pressure superheated steam. The superheated steam is then fed to a
conventional reheat steam turbine/generator to produce electricity. The
spent steam from the turbine is condensed in a standard condenser and
returned to the heat exchangers via condensate and feed water pumps to
be transformed back into steam. Condenser cooling is provided by
mechanical draft wet cooling towers. After passing through the HTF side of
the solar heat exchangers, the cooled HTF is recirculated through the solar
field.
Sunlight:
2.7MWh/m’/yr

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Historically, parabolic trough plants have been designed to use solar energy
as the primary energy source to produce electricity. The plants can operate
at full rated power using solar energy alone given sufficient solar input.
During summer months, the plants typically operate for 10 to 12 hours a
day at full-rated electric output. However, to date, all plants have been
hybrid solar/fossil plants; this means they have a backup fossil-fired

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capability that can be used to supplement the solar output during periods of
low solar radiation. In the system shown in Figure, the optional natural-gas-
fired HTF heater situated in parallel with the solar field, or the optional gas
steam boiler/re heater located in parallel with the solar heat exchangers,
provide this capability. The fossil backup can be used to produce rated
electric output during overcast or nighttime periods. Figure also shows that
thermal storage is a potential option that can be added to provide dispatch
ability. This is how large fields of parabolic trough collectors supply the
thermal energy used to produce steam for a Rankine steam
turbine/generator cycle and produce the electricity.
The collector field consists of a large field of single-axis tracking parabolic

trough solar collectors. The solar field is modular in nature and is composed
of many parallel rows of solar collectors aligned on a north-south horizontal
axis. Each solar collector has a linear parabolic-shaped reflector that focuses
the sun’s direct beam radiation on a linear receiver located at the focus of
the parabola. The collectors track the sun from east to west during the day
to ensure that the sun is continuously focused on the linear receiver. A heat
transfer fluid (HTF) is heated as it circulates through the receiver and
returns to a series of heat exchangers in the power block where the fluid is
used to generate high-pressure superheated steam. The superheated steam
is then fed to a conventional reheat steam turbine/generator to produce
electricity. The spent steam from the turbine is condensed in a standard
condenser and returned to the heat exchangers via condensate and feed
water pumps to be transformed back into steam. Condenser cooling is
provided by mechanical draft wet cooling towers. After passing through the
HTF side of the solar heat exchangers, the cooled HTF is recirculated
through the solar field.

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Configuration details of Rajasthan’s Jodhpur project:
The proposed project will have 100MW capacity and the technology will be
based on CSP – Parabolic Trough Technology, working on a line focus
technology.

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A parabolic trough is a large, curved mirror that sits on a motorized base,
allowing it to follow the movement of the sun throughout the day. The
mirror's unique parabolic shape is designed to gather a great deal of
sunlight and then reflect that light onto a single point, concentrating the
solar power.
A receiver tube sits at the point where the mirror concentrates all the
sunlight. The tube is filled with a synthetic heat transfer oil, heated by the
mirror's light to around 750 F (400 C). This superheated oil is then pumped
from the solar field to a nearby power block, where the oil's heat is
converted to high-pressure steam in a series of heat exchangers. This
steam pushes a conventional steam turbine, creating electricity.
The main components of parabolic trough technology are:
• The parabolic trough reflector: The cylindrical parabolic reflector

reflects incident sunlight from its surface onto the receiver at the focal
point. Typically, the reflector is made of thick glass silver mirrors
formed into the shape of a parabola. Alternatively, mirrors can be
made from thin glass, plastic films or polished metals.
• The receiver tube or heat collection element: The receiver tube
consists of a metal absorber surrounded by a glass envelope. The
absorber is coated with a selective coating to maximize energy
collection and to minimize heat loss. The glass envelope is used to
insulate the absorber from heat loss, and is typically coated with an
anti-reflective surface to increase the transmittance of light through
the glass to the absorber. For high temperature CSP applications, the
space between the absorber and glass tube is evacuated to form a
vacuum.
• The suntracking system: An electronic control system and
associated mechanical drive system is used to focus the reflector onto
the sun.

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The support structure: Typically made of metal, the collector support
structure holds the mirrors in accurate alignment while resisting the effects
of the wind.
6.3 TECHNOLOGY PARTNER
Aries Ingenieria Y Sistemas, S.A.(Aries), Spain:

Aries Ingenieria Y Sistemas, S.A. (Aries) is an engineering company actively
engaged in developing high technology solutions for various industries. The
company was founded in the year 1995. Aries business activities are
distinctly classified into five operating segments namely Energy; Test
Systems; Industrial; Space and Defense; and Chemical sectors. In the
Energy segment, the company is principally involved in owning and
operating renewable energy and allied projects based on solar energy, wind
energy, hydraulic power, biofuels and cogeneration. For solar industry, Aries
undertakes all phases of project management services that include
development of design, construction and operation management of
thermoelectric and photovoltaic solar power plants.
Furthermore, Aries offers various services for wind farm construction that
include Wind resource measurement/analysis, site assessment, Construction
of turnkey plants and all the phases in development of wind farms. Till date,
the company has also undertaken development of about 49 hydraulic plants
range from 1.6 MW to 32 MW. This include San Jose project with a capacity
of 16 MW; Salto del Olvido (16 MW); Salto del Olvido (16 MW); Selga de
Ordás (6 MW); Selg of Ordás (6 MW); Lanzaita (2 MW); and El Guavio (32
MW). Aries also offers all the services involved in project development of
biofuels and combined cycle projects.

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Aries also takes interest in other industries like Space and Defence,
Chemical, Test System and Transportation. The company has a delegation
in Barcelona and has carried out international projects in Italy, France,
Great Britain, Sweden, Turkey, Canada, United States, Mexico, Brazil, India,
China, Thailand, Malaysia and Australia. The company has network of
offices in the U.S. and Spain. Aries is headquartered at Madrid, Spain.
ASTE 1A & 1B
ASTE 1A & 1B, located in Alcázar de San Juan (Ciudad Real, Spain), make
up one of Europe´s largest comprehensive solar power projects, making use
of parabolic trough technology.
The project consists of two 50 MW concentrated solar power plants (ASTE

1A & 1B), each with parabolic trough collectors and up to 8 hours a thermal
storage. These features help create perfectly manageable plants.
• ASTEXOL- 1&2; 2x50 MW CSP. Extremadura. Spain.

• ASTE-3&4; 2x50 MW CSP. Castilla-La Mancha. Spain.
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• ASTE-1 A&B; 2x50 MW CSP. Castilla-La Mancha. Spain.
• HELIOS I&II; 2x50 MW CSP. Castilla-La Mancha. Spain.
Aries Ingeniería y Sistemas, a leading developer of renewable energy

solutions, strives to construct and operate power plants that use
environmentally-friendly, inexhaustible energy sources. Our experienced
team of professionals constantly experiments in the management and
development of this type of project to help us achieve this goal.
Aries Ingeniería y Sistemas has a portfolio consisting of 630 MW of power in

projects spanning diverse technologies, principally wind and solar power,
which reaffirms its position as a leader in renewable energy development.
These projects can be found across the globe, in countries such as Spain,
the United States, Rumania, France and Bulgaria, for example.
On a national level, we have implemented more than 160 MW of power in

solar technology projects in autonomous communities such as Extremadura
and Castilla La Mancha. On the other side of the renewable energy
spectrum, the operation of 15 MW photovoltaic plants has also commenced.
Aries Ingeniería y Sistemas has been developing engineering activities in

the energy sector since its foundation. The company has invested the
necessary means and resources to be able to provide high value added
services to the majority of the currently existing technological sectors.
Renewable energies make up the company´s main field of activity and,
consequently, this field receives the majority of invested resources with the
goal of obtaining better knowledge each day and, therefore, providing
clients with a better quality service.Today, concentrated thermal,
photovoltaic and wind technology comprise a substantial part of Aries
Ingeniería y Sistemas´ engineering activities. However, other technologies,
such as mini hydroelectric, cogeneration, combined cycles or biomass make
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up a clear sector of interest for the company, which actively participates
and closely monitors those markets. The strategy employed by Aries
Ingeniería y Sistemas over the past several years allows us to unite
promotional and engineering activity, making them into one, entire project.
The ARSOL 1 (5 MW) and ARSOL Toledo (10 MW) photovoltaic projects and
the ASTE 1 A y B (50+50 MW) and ASTEXOL 2 (50 MW) concentrated solar
power projects, as well as various wind projects, let Aries Ingeniería y
Sistemas provide clients with the most advanced solutions and technologies
available today due to the vast knowledge and experience of our
engineeringstaff.
In this manner, the company provides clients throughout the world with
engineering services, which, in turn, give Aries Ingeniería y Sistemas a
plethora of experience in the previously mentioned technologies. The
company has also gained a global perspective on how the renewable energy
market operates in the countries in which it is most active.
Aries Ingeniería y Sistemas currently finds the ability to offer the market a
complete range of photovoltaic, wind and concentrated solar services at its
disposition. Some of our services include the following:
• Technology consulting
o Technical/economic feasibility studies for technologies or specific
projects
o Site selection and evaluation
o Production calculation and cost estimates
o Technical advise during construction, assemble, and start-up
o Definition and supervision of acceptance tests
• Traditional engineering

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o Pre-engineering
o Technical specifications
o Technical documentation for permits, licenses and authorizations
o Basic engineering
o Detailed engineering
• Management of large projects:

o Processing offers and negotiating with contractors
o Negotiation and assistance with purchasing suppliers
o Site engineering (construction supervision)
• Project execution
o Turn-key plants (EPC): single site or in collaboration with other
companies, depending on the magnitude of the project
o Project engineering, procurement and construction management (EPCM)
• Operation and maintenance

o Establishing operating procedures and the maintenance plan
o Executing operation and maintenance tasks
o Plant integration management
Significant benefits of the India Thermal Energy

Program
• Less expensive than traditional crystalline and polycrystalline solar

panels.
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• Generates more power (kWh) per installed capacity (kW) than any
other solar technology.
• Performs better in high temperatures….a critical issue for India
• Works for more hours each day … and in more weather conditions
• More reliable electrical connectivity
• No toxic cadmium content
• Platform to extend India’s energy mix into the solar age.
• Long – term sustainable source of electricity.
• Huge savings from avoided cost of burning oil and gas to generate
electricity and also the emission of CO2.
• Highly – expandable energy source to support economic growth and
diversification.

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PROJECT DETAILS

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5. PROJECT DETAILS
7.1 PROPOSED GRID CONNECTED SOLAR
POWER PLANT LOCATION
JODHPUR
Jodhpur is located at 26.29˚ N 73.03˚ E. It has an average eleven elevation

of 232 meters (761 feet). The climate of Jodhpur is generally hot and arid
but with a rainy season from late june to September. Although the average
rainfall is around 360 millimeters (14 in), it is extraordinary Variable.
Temperature is extreme throughout the period from March to October,

except when monsoonal rain produces thick clouds to lower it slightly.
During these periods of heavy rain, however, the generally low humidity
rises and this adds to normal discomfort from the heat.
The city is situated at the foot hill of a hillock. Bhadla 250 Kms away from
Jodhpur city is the ancient town of Thar Desert surrounded by Golden and
dunes.
The Solar insolation data of Bhadla (Proposed Site) is given Below.
Monthly Averaged Direct Normal Radiation (Kwh/m2/Day) with 23˚ Tilt
LAT Annual
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
26.43 Avg
LON
5.92 6.37 6.86 7.03 6.81 6.3 5.34 5.28 6.12 6.54 6.12 5.72 6.20
72.55
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Location Map of Bhadla in Jodhpur District, Rajasthan

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7.2 SITE PLAN (MAP)

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Topological Survey:
Topological survey shall be done of the proposed site at 5m interval by plain

table or any other suitable method of survey. The formulation level of the
proposed plant will be fixed with reference to high flood level of the
proposed site. Based on the above survey work a general layout drawing
with clear demarcation showing boundary pillars, location of the control
room, array yard, sewerage system and approach road and general
drainage out fall etc. will be prepared.
Soil Test:
To ascertain soil parameters of the proposed site for construction of control

room, HT lines and array yard, sub soil investigation will be carried out
through certified soil consultant.
The Scope of sub soil the investigation covers:
• Execution of complete soil exploration including boring, drilling,

collection of undisturbed soil sample where possible, otherwise
disturbed soil samples.
• Conducting laboratory test of samples to find out the various
parameters mainly related to load bearing capacity, ground water
level, settlement, and sub soil condition.
• Submission of detail reports along with the recommendation regarding
suitable type of foundation for each bore hole along with
recommendation for soil improvement where necessary.

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The soil test also includes analysis of water sample. There will be minimum
three numbers of boring of each minimum depth 20m.

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Planning and Designing:
The firm will develop general array yard, internal road & drainage (ensuring
no water logging in the power plant compound) along with sanitary
plumbing layout of the power plant. It will also include landscaping &
beautification of the entire area of the THERMAL Plant.
The Plan will be innovative taking in to consideration the following:
• Land utilization in such a way that complemented with the appropriate

layout maximum power packaging is done in the proposed site.
• Control room design taking in to consideration if possible passive

architecture.
• LED/CFL/FL lighting system arrangements as required.
The design shall be developed considering optimal usage of space, material

and labour without compromising the effect shadow, cooling, ventilation,
accessibility, losses during electricity interconnection etc.
The Building shall be with concrete construction in compliance with the

national building code and relevant BIS/International standard.
Construction Works:
All kind of construction work shall appropriate IS standard.
Control Room Building:

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The control room building shall be designed based on the topological survey
report and soil testing report, relevant BIS code, National Building code of
India.

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Fencing and Gate:
Appropriate fencing and gate along with security post shall be designed and
constructed keeping in view the safety and security of the power plant as a
whole.
Approach Road & Pathways:
These shall be designed and constructed based on general layout.
Signboard:
The signboard will contain the brief of the power plant. The Signboard will
be made of steel power coated aluminum letters with proper illumination
arrangement. The design & size of the signboard shall be befitting with
control room and matter.

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7.3 POWER EVACUATION SYSTEM AND
INTERFACING WITH GRID
It is important that the SOLAR THERMAL power plant is designed to operate
satisfactorily in parallel with the grids under extremely high voltage and
frequency fluctuation conditions, so as to export the maximum possible
units to the grid. It is also extremely important to safeguard the system
during major disturbances, like tripping/pulling-out of big generating station
and sudden overloading during falling of portion of the grid loads on the
power plant unit in island mode, under fault/feeder tripping conditions.
The aforementioned have been taken care of by the following steps:
• The selected THERMALS 1000 has the capability for monitoring the
grid parameters (like voltage, frequency and harmonics) and getting
the SOLAR THERMAL PP output synchronized with the grid on a rear
time basis. However, if the grid conditions very (voltage +/- 10%,
frequency +/- 1.5 Hz and the harmonics (THD) goes beyond 3% the
THERMALS will ensure that is disconnected from the grid and is
operated on a Sleep Mode’.
• One of the very important aspects is to be prevented reverse power

flow. This could happen when, due to some fault the inverter remains
connected even though solar PP do not produce any power. Such
disastrous consequence is prevented by installing directional and
reverse power protection relays in the circuit.

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Proposed System:
• The SOLAR THERMAL based power project envisages a power
export 100 MW during normal operating conditions. The grid
connections will be at 132 kV level.
• The exportable power from the plant shall be evacuated by
stepping –up the power from 415 V to 33 kV through 415 V/ 33 kV, 5
MVA transformers. Power generated will be evacuated at 132 KV
level to the nearest Substation at PS-1 which is 20 km away from our
power plant location.
• The generator voltage will be 415 volts which will be stepped
up to first 33 kV level then to 132 KV level through 5.0 MW, 23
numbers of 415V / 33kV generator transformers and 6 numbers 20
MVA , 33/132kV step up transformers .
• The power evacuation for the 100 MW will be through a 20 km,
132 kV double circuit feeder using Panther ACSR conductor.
• Proposed 33 kV switchyard in the SOLAR THERMAL plant premises will
have Main and transfer Bus arrangement with number of power
transformers of 33kV level with control and protection equipment
(breaker , CTs, PTs, isolators etc.)
• Main and transfer bus arrangement will be provided in the substation

at the power plant.
• CTs, PTs, isolators, lightning arrestors, and TVM for DISCOM

(JODHPUR) measurement will be arranged. Switchyard arrangement
and other requirements will be in line with DISCOM (JODHPUR)
specifications.

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• Protection, metering & control panels for the switchyard and grid
feeder will be accommodated in the plant’s control room.
• Tariff main metering shall be accommodated in outdoor kiosk on plant

land. Tri-vector meter that will be provided in the plant’s control
building or as per DISCOM (JODHPUR)’s requirement and will have
main & check arrangement, and these shall be agreed upon with the
DISCOM (JODHPUR). The tariff meters shall register import as well as
export parameters.
• Transmission line between the SOLAR THERMAL plant and the Bhadla
substation shall be of 20 km (approx.) double circuit 132 kV line of
panther conductor, and shall be taken on steel lattice tower( suitable
for double circuit conductors). Foundations, civil work and execution
of work shall be in accordance with RVPN norms. The transmission
system shall be complete with galvanized transmission towers,
conductors, earth wires, strain/string insulators, hardware &
accessories for towers, gantries at termination points, etc.
However, actual evacuation plan would be prepared keeping in view

the capacity allocation and future project needs at the site.
Transformer:
• The generator voltage 415 volts will be stepped up to first 33 kV
level then to 132 KV level through 5.0 MW, 23 numbers of 415V /
33kV generator transformers and 6 numbers 20 MVA , 33/132kV step
up transformers .

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The transformer conforming to applicable standards will be complete
with the fitting and accessories like conservator, MOG, breather,
Buchholz relay with contacts for alarm and trip, pressure relief
devices, thermometer pockets, OTI & WTI, valves, earthing terminals,
cooling accessories, bi-directional flanged rollers with locing and
bolting device for mounting on rails, air release devices, inspection
cover, off load tap changer (OLTC), marshalling box, etc.
Circuit Breakers:
Circuit breakers of suitable type shall be provided in SOLAR THERMAL
plant switchyard as well in Bhadla sub-station for the plant feeder.
The circuit breaker and accessories will be in general conforming to
IEC standards.
The circuit breaker will be totally restrike free under all duty
conditions and will be capable of breaking magnetizing current of
transformer and capacitive current of unloaded overhead lines without
causing over voltage of abnormal magnitudes.
The circuit breakers will be suitable for suitable for use in the
switchgear under the operating conditions.
Closing coil will be suitable for operation at all values of voltages

between 85% and 110% of the rated voltage. Shunt trip will operate
correctly under all operating conditions of the circuit breaker up to the
rated breaking capacity of the circuit breaker and at all values of
supply voltage between 70% and 110% of rated voltage.

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Protection, Metering, & Control Cubicles:
The transformer will have the following minimum protections, in
addition to the in-built protections (Buchholz relay, oil & winding
temperature relays, magnetic oil level gauge), to isolate the
equipment during fault conditions:
• Over current & earth fault relays on HV & LV sides
• Differential relay
• Restricted earth fault protection at HV side
• Over voltage relay
• Reverse power relays
The feeders linking the plant substation and the EB substation will be
protected with distance protection, directional as well as non-directional
over current & earth fault relays. Rate of change of frequency (Df/dt)
relay with under frequency protection and vector surge protective relay
will also be provided to isolate the generating system during grid
disturbances/over loading conditions.
Meters for monitoring the electrical parameters, mimics, transducers,

and annunciation for fault signals, control switches shall be provided in
the control panels. Electrical interlocking between
breakers/isolators/earth switches for safe operation of the system shall
also be ensured.

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All the protection, metering & control cubicles and Remote Tap Changer
Control (RTCC) panels shall be housed in the SOLAR THERMAL plant’s
control room.
The plant feeder at Bhadla sub-station shall be provided with directional

over-current and earth fault relays, backed-up by non-directional
elements. Trivector meter (TVM) may also be provided in the substation
for this feeder, so as to give backup for main metering, which shall be
arranged in the SOLAR THERMAL plant premises.
Lightning Arrestors:
Lightning arrestors of adequate capacity will be provided for transformer/
switchyard equipment protection and on terminating ends of the
transmission lines. The lightning arrestor will be heavy duty station class
type, discharge class iii, conforming to IEC specification. Arrestors will be
complete with insulating base, self contained discharge counters and
suitable milli-ammeters.
Isolators & Insulators:

Isolators will be complete with earth switch (wherever necessary),
galvanized steel base provided with holes, solid core type post insulators
with adequate creep age distance, blades made up of non-rusting
material, operating mechanism (gang operated, manual/motor charging
mechanism). They will be of center post rotating horizontal double break
type and consist of 3 poles.

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Solid core type post insulators of adequate creep age distances (suitable
for very high pollution category) will be provided for insulation and
support in switchyard at plant/ Bhadla substation side.
Instrument Transformers:
The instrument transformers and accessories will conform to applicable
standards.
Instrument transformers will be mounted on sealed porcelain bushings

suitable for outdoor service and upright mounting on steel structures.
Instrument transformers will be hermetically sealed unit with in-built
provision to dissipate any excessive pressure build up. Current
transformers will be of ring type with suitable construction at the bottom
for bringing out secondary terminals.
Structures:
The structures will be made up of hot-dip galvanized steel and designed to
withstand forces during normal conditions (viz. wind load & dead load of
switchyard components) and abnormal conditions (viz. short circuit,
earthquake, etc).
Safety Earthing System:

A safety earthing system consisting of a buried GI flat conductor earthing
grid will be provided for the switchyard. The earthing system will be
formed to limit the grid resistance to below 1 ohm. In the switchyard area,
the touch potential and step potential will be limited to the safe values.

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The buried earthing grid will be connected to earthing electrodes buried
underground. Neutral point of transformer, non-current carrying parts of
equipment, lightning arrestors, fence, etc., will be earthed rigidly. The
following factors will be considered for earthing system design :
• Magnitude of fault current
• Duration of fault
• Soil resistivity
• Resistivity of surface material
• Material of earth conductor
• Earth mat grid geometry
Lightning Protection System:

Switchyard equipment will be shielded against direct lightning strokes by
providing spikes/shield wires. The spikes/wires shall be formed to shield all
substation equipment with an angle of shield of 30 Deg.
Safety Regulations:
Statutory regulations of safety appliances, viz. fire extinguishers, sand
buckets, earth rods, gloves, rubber mats, danger sign boards, safety
regulation charts, etc. shall be procured and installed as per safety norms.
Oil collection pits and soak pits for the transformers shall also be
constructed. All cables in switchyard shall be neatly laid /dressed and shall
be barricaded inside trenches along the length with fire proof bricks.
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A/C & DC Auxiliary Supply:
Supplies of single and three phase for illumination, transformer tap-
changer drives, breaker/disconnect switch motors, space heaters in
cubicles and marshalling kiosks shall be arranged from reliable AC supply
source.
110V DC auxiliary supply required for closing and tripping of circuit

breakers, emergency lighting in switchyard will be supplied by the DC
system.
Grid Interconnection at Substation:

132kV line bay arrangements (Breaker, CTs, PTs, Isolators, Earthing,
Illumination, and protection system) shall be provided to interconnect to
132kV system at Grid Substation.

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7.4 OPERATIONAL AND MAINTENANCE
REQUIREMENTS
Overview
This section of the report outlines the operation and maintenance
philosophy to be adopted for the proposed grid connected SOLAR THERMAL
power plant. These broad outlines, given here, will provide useful guidelines
for the basic and detailed engineering of the plant, so that all the
requirements of the operation and maintenance of the plant are met and
provided for in the engineering stage itself.
The production of the power form SOLAR THERMAL plant is generally a

static affair with no moving parts except in case tracking is involved.
Parabolic Troughs are warranted for 25 years. Once properly selected and
installed these require no major maintenance. The DC power produced is
converted into AC power by a battery of PCUs which need some attention
because of the electronics involved. The AC output at 415 V level is stepped
up in stages to 132kV by a series of transformers. These transformers and
associated switch gear need proper preventive maintenance. The most
important aspect of the system which needs proper monitoring is the
synchronizations which ensures the availability of power to the grid.
System Design Philosophy

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The main O&M objective is the high availability and reliability of the plant.
In order to achieve the main objective, the following principles would be
adopted.
• Building up adequate capacity to ensure generation of power as per

design estimates. This is done by applying liberal de – rating factors
for the Troughs and recognizing the efficiency parameters of PCUs,
Transformers, Transmission lines, etc.
• Providing redundancy to ensure at least 50% availability in case of

major break downs of transformers.
• Use of equipment and systems with proven design and performance

that have a high availability track record under similar service
conditions.
• Selection of the equipment and adoption of a plant layout to ensure

ease of maintenance.
• Strict compliance with the approved and proven quality assurance

norms and procedures during different phases of the project.
The basic and detailed engineering of the plant will aim at achieving high
standards of operational performance especially with respect to the
following parameters:
• Single axis tracking will be considered weighing the cost benefits of

performance vis-a–vis marginal additional investments and
maintenance requirements.

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• High DC system voltage and low current handling requirements.
• Selection of PCUs with high track record.
• Selection of transformers with low maintenance requirements.
The plant instrumentation and control system should be designed to ensure

high availability and reliability of the plant to assist the operators in the safe
and efficient operation of the plant. It should also provide for the analysis of
the historical data and help in the plant maintenance people to take up the
plant and equipment on preventive maintenance.
Operation Requirements
The operation of the plant starts with the commissioning. In broad terms
commissioning can be defined as setting up of the plant to work safely and
on program. It is necessary to ensure that all equipment is completely
erected before operations begin. Although this may be considered difficult,
the other extreme of operating a plant with insufficient instrumentation,
controls, and alarms is very dangerous. Although some compromise can be
made with regard to plant completion, the commissioning procedures
should never compromise personnel and the system safety.
A proper checklist procedure must be drawn up, which would include all the
sections of the plant and shall take into account the contractual
responsibilities, the technological relationship between the various sections,

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pre- commissioning, cleaning requirements, etc. The checklists procedure
helps in the following:
• To ensure that the necessary checks are carried out on each item of
the plant before it is put into commercial service.
• To ensure that energy is supplied to equipment or a plant when it is

safe to do so.
• To facilitate the recording of the progress on the various

commissioning activities.
• To provide a basis for the plant history.
The operation of the power plant unit interconnected to the grid is an

activity that must be properly coordinated, within the plant as well as with
the Bhadla substation to which the plant feeds power. Operation in parallel
with the grid eventually makes the SOLAR THERMAL plant a part of the
DISCOM (Jodhpur)’s utility system and hence the power plant must assume
some of the same responsibilities of DISCOM (Jodhpur). With this, the
DISCOM (Jodhpur)’s local dispatch center will need to monitor the incoming
power from the SOLAR THERMAL power plant on a continuous basis.
An important feature of the modern power generating plant is the automatic

safety lock – out devices. While sufficient thought goes into it at the design
stage, it remains the responsibility of the operating staff to ensure that the
safety devices are set correctly and kept in operation.
While safety of the plant and personnel is the foremost importance in the
operation, the efficient operation of the plant cannot be ignored. While
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operating, it is important to check the essential parameters of the plant and
equipment to ensure that the plant performance is at the optimum level.
Any variations in the operating parameters or any deviations from the
normal performance of the equipment or plant shall have to be analyzed
immediately to diagnose the problem and to take remedial measures to
bring back the plant and equipment to its original parameters.
The plant operator should follow the guidelines given below:
• Frequent checking and calibration of instruments.
• Developing a habit of cross checking instrument indications with each

other to determine whether the instrument is faulty or there is an
abnormal operating condition.
• And developing a habit of analyzing indicated data to determine

accurately what could be wrong.
Evacuation of power generated by the SOLAR THERMAL

power plant
It is important to recognize that:
• Generation voltage of 415V has to be stepped up to 132kV to the grid

voltage at the point of interconnection.
• The power plant has to operate in parallel with the grid system which
is a vast power carrier. The power plant has to protect its equipment
against possible faults or other disturbances from the grid.

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• Directional and Reverse power protection will be provided to isolate
the power plant from the grid at the time of any fault.
Maintenance Requirements
The main objectives of the plant maintenance are to keep the plant running
reliably and efficiently as long as possible. Reliability is impaired when a
plant undergoes forced and unforeseen outages. This aspect assumes
greater significance for a SOLAR THERMAL power plant exporting power to
the DISCOM (Jodhpur) grid under the contractual commitments. It is
imperative that any planned maintenance is undertaken with closer
coordination with Bhadla substation.
Efficient operation implies close control not only over the cost of production
but also over the cost of maintenance. There are two components in
maintenance cost: one is the direct cost of maintenance, (i.e. the material
and labour), and other is the cost of production loss.
There are two categories of maintenance work. One is the irksome

breakdown maintenance which is expensive. Much as it is desirable to avoid
or minimize this, its existence must be accepted. Secondly, it is preventive
maintenance with proper planning and execution of plant and equipment
overhauls. This maintenance activity should be clearly planned with regard
to the availability of material and labour. It is also essential to develop
proper inspection procedures with non destructive testing methods. Such
inspections by trained personnel reveal defects not necessarily detected by
mere visual inspection.

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The following help in reducing the breakdown maintenance and also help in
planning for preventive maintenance:
• Careful logging of operation data/historical information from the Data

Monitoring Systems, and periodically processing it to determine
abnormal or slowly deteriorating conditions.
• Walk down checks of the plant.
• Careful control and supervision of operating conditions.
• Regulate routine maintenance work such as keeping equipment clean,

cleaning Parabolic troughs and delicate ingredients of transformers
and circuit breakers. Cleanliness of isolators also to be ensured.
• Close coordination with the manufacturers to effect improvements in

plant layouts and design, use of better material, introduction of such
facilities as cathodic protection, use of better protective paints, etc.
It is extremely important that proper records are maintained not merely for
the maintenance work done but also of the material used and actual man
hours spent , etc. Some sort of a card system shall have to be introduced to
keep records that are most useful in future planning of outages and
providing for effective control.
Another important requirement of a good maintenance program is to ensure

that spares are ordered in time and good stocks of the frequently required
spares are maintained.
Preventive Maintenance:
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The company will provide a comprehensive O&M program for the project.
The O&M team will operate the solar facility in accordance with an
Operations and Maintenance Agreement (the O&M agreement) which shall
provide for, at minimum, the following services.
• Performing routine and non routine maintenance on the solar facility

during and after the EPC warranty period.
• Operating the solar facility:
o Providing all materials and services necessary for solar facility

maintenance.
o Monitoring the operations of the project via the computer

monitoring system.
o Performing all duties to the standard mandated by the PPA.
o Complying with all regulatory obligations.
o Developing operating and safety plans.
o Maintaining all project information and facility data, including

providing reports to the company.
Operation and Maintenance Organizational

Arrangements

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Depending on the O&M requirements the firm will make necessary
arrangements for proper implementation of O&M. This will be through direct
presence of the firm’s staff or through their local technology partners.
Typically, the power plant will be under the charge of an engineer supported
by adequate staff for security and O&M. Exact origination structure and the
number of staff will depend on the site conditions which will be assessed
during the implementations of the project.
Organizational Structure
The project management and subsequent operational management will be
under the responsibility of a project manager. The project manager will be
assisted by four Executives namely, Project engineer (tech), site in charge
(Electrical), Project admin (MIS) and manager (technical services). This
team will be stationed at Jodhpur for operational convenience.
This site operation will be coordinated by a well experienced Site in charge.

He will be assisted by experienced contract teams in areas of erection,
operation, customer service etc. This team will be stationed at power plant
site at Bhadla.
The preventive maintenance activities will be carried out by the Operations

Contractor. The Coordination of break down maintenance will also be
carried out by the Site – in – Charge with the help of Erection and
Operations Contractors. In addition the Site – in – Charge and the Manager
(technical services) will continuously monitor the performance of the power
plant with the support of the data monitoring system.

14441, Dammam
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Training
During the commissioning of the plant, training will be imparted to the
Engineer, supervisor and Operators. This operational training shall cover the
following:
• The nature, purpose and limitations of all plant and equipment.

14441, Dammam
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• The detailed operating instructions on each section and equipment of
the plant
• Normal startup and shutdown program for the plant.
• The emergency procedures and all related HSE issues according to the
standards.

14441, Dammam
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7.5 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION &
SCHEDULE
Project Implementation Strategy:
The most essential aspect regarding the implementation of the SOLAR

THERMAL power project is to ensure the project completion within the
schedule agreed upon with RREC, from the receipt of an allocation. A good
planning and monitoring methodology is essential to complete the project
on time. Please note that as highlighted earlier the final timeline for the
project will be determined by the optimal rollout we agree to the RREC and
the State of Rajasthan that benefits the State an aligns our interests.
Essential Functions of the Project:
The overall project activities for the SOLAR THERMAL power plant in to sub
packages as given below. The split of supplies is as follows.
• Purchase of Land, Site Preparation, leveling etc. Construction of

control room, fencing, peripheral lighting, water supply system,
approach road etc. Supply, erection, installation and commissioning of
Parabolic Troughs & Steam Turbine.
• Interconnection of equipments and commissioning of the power plant
(deliver 3Ph, 415 V AC Supply and combining the output of
THERMALSs.) Completion of earthing system before commissioning of
data monitoring System.
• Supply, erection, installation, interconnection and commissioning of
power evacuation system consisting of isolators, circuit breakers,

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transformers and transmission line along with commissioning of
metering and protection system.
• Actualize grid feed-in by synchronizing SOLAR THERMAL power supply
with 132KV conventional grid supply at nearest substation.
The Project Management Function and Execution:
The Project Manager supported by his team is responsible for undertaking

all activities to ensure the effective and efficient execution of the project.
The PM is the focal and formal point of contract with Zamil on all matters
relating to the project.
Specifically the following key functions are undertaken.
• Overall project management and coordination between EPC and

Zamil.
• Management of Zamil interfaces.
• Planning and time scheduling of all activities based on and integrated
master programme management of resource levels as required.
• Management of EPC’s subcontractors, sub Venders, and equipment
expediting.
• Quality assurance and Control.
• Monitoring and Reporting.
• Spares, maintenance and service management.
• Site Management
• Training and manpower development including client operator and
maintenance training during the commissioning of the plant at site.
• Project cost control.
Project Execution:

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The execution will be planned, monitored and controlled through project
management techniques employing MS-Project (PERT-CPM Charts).
Progress Reporting:
Progress reviewing and monitoring will be done by the PM and periodic

reports highlighting the activities completed, areas of concern, and
corrective actions taken etc. will be sent to Zamil and government agencies.
Infrastructural Facilities:
There will be a project office at Jodhpur well equipped with all

communication facilities. The store will be at the project office or at the site
office as per the logistics convenience and availability. The remote
monitoring system of the power plant will be established here.
There will be a full-fledged site office at Bhadla with all communication

facilities and minimum test facilities.

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ENVIRONMENTAL
CONSIDERATIONS AND
EXECUTION

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8. ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATION AND
EXECUTION
8.1 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS
• Solar based THERMAL power plants do not use any fuel and
therefore do not contribute to environmental pollution so much so
that MOEF has excluded Solar Power Plants from their purview.
• No type of air pollution is envisaged from the proposed power

plant.
• The plant shall obtain the No Objection Certificate / Consent to

Establish from the State Pollution Control Board.
8.2 EXECUTION OF PROJECT

• Management
Overall management of the Project will be looked after by the executives of

the SOLAR THERMAL project company. They will also look after the overall
planning, coordination, monitoring of the progress of the project, award of
contracts for procurement of plant and equipment and civil works, etc.
The project will be executed on an EPC basis separately for Solar Block and
Power Block and the EPC contract shall be awarded to an experienced
contractor. If required, further split may be done to optimize the capital
cost. Engineering agency will be deployed separately for Power Block and
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Solar Block.
• Construction Organization
The construction organization at site will be headed by a Project Manager

who will be assisted by a number of other executives and supervisory staff.
The construction organization at site will have three main groups - one for
civil works, one for erection of equipment and one for testing and
commissioning of equipment. Supporting functions such administration,
planning, finance, accounts, material management, quality control and
supervision during erection, testing and commissioning of the Project will be
provided by the construction organization including consultants.
• Infrastructure Requirements
During the construction period, an area of about 2,000 m2 is proposed to be

provided for construction of temporary storage sheds and office and open
space for storing of construction material and equipment. Power and water
required during construction, erection, testing and commissioning will tied
up. Approach road to site will be developed.
• Availability of Construction Material
Raw material for the construction of the proposed station, such as stone
aggregate will be available from surrounding areas. Cement and steel can
be purchased from the open market.
• Methodology of
Execution

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The implementation of the project may be got carried out through an EPC
contract. The entire work will be got executed through contracting
agencies under the overall supervision of the construction organisation and
consultants.
• Construction Schedule
The completion schedule will be 18 months from the date of signing of PPA
and obtainment of other clearances, financial closure and possession of
land etc.
• Training
For operation and maintenance of THERMAL power plants of this capacity

the adequate experience and expertise exists in the country. Training of O &
M staff will be arranged through prevalent methods and practices which will
include training by technology suppliers, various audio - visual cards, a well
maintained Library and requisite set up for Training activity. These will be
reinforced by: -
 In-plant training to the operators at the site itself prior

to commissioning of the plant.
 Continued training of O& M staff through experts and

suppliers as part of the in – plant training programme.
 Specialized training at various Training institutes in the

country.

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 Training at suppliers works and construction activities.

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FINANCIALS

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FINANCIALS
The capital cost for the proposed 100 MW project has been estimated
based on Aries's offer for the Solar plant on a turn-key basis.
• Funding Sources
The equity capital shall be made up through Zamil's own resources.
The loan capital shall be made up through loans from financial institutions /
banks on the basis of financials of Zamil.
Plant Capacity 100 MW
Power Plant Cost $345,000,000 (Power Plant)
Debt:Equity1 70:30
Tenure of the Debt1 15 years
Tenure of PPA 25 years
Construction period of the project 30 months for full deployment
Depreciation 3.6%

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(DPR) RRECProject Report On Solar Thermal Dt.12.08

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Rajasthan Renewable Energy Corporation Limited

E-166, Yudhisther Marg, C-Scheme

Your Ref No: F12 (119)/Solar Energy/GIPP/Zamil/D-11946-48

I would like to take this opportunity to confirm Zamil’s long term

In order to realize the full potential of solar energy in Rajasthan in these in

Zamil New Delhi Infrastructure Private Limited

Zamil New Delhi Infrastructure Pvt Ltd

Zamil New Delhi Infrastructure Private Limited

Zamil New Delhi Infrastructure Private Limited

Zamil New Delhi Infrastructure Private Limited

Zamil New Delhi Infrastructure Private Limited

3. Regulatory Framework in India

5. Need and Requirement for the Project

8. Environmental Considerations and

Zamil New Delhi Infrastructure Private Limited

Zamil New Delhi Infrastructure Private Limited

DIST. JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN

1. Company Zamil New Delhi Infrastructure Private Limited

2. RREC Registration F12(119)/Solar Energy/GIPP/Zamil/D-11946-

4. Capacity Registered 100 MW (2 x 50 MW)

Zamil New Delhi Infrastructure Private Limited

8. Water Requirement 500 Gal/MWh

Zamil New Delhi Infrastructure Private Limited

Zamil New Delhi Infrastructure Private Limited

ABOUT THE INDUSTRY

• Solar power is energy from the sun converted into thermal or

• Two broad technologies exist:

o Concentrated Solar Power(CSP) i.e. Solar Thermal

o Solar Photovoltic (PV)

THE GLOBAL SCENARIO

Worldwide Thermal installations increased by 5,948 MW in 2008, up from

Zamil New Delhi Infrastructure Private Limited

Zamil New Delhi Infrastructure Private Limited

• In order to provide an impetus to grid interactive solar power

• With an installed capacity of 123 GW, the country currently faces

Zamil New Delhi Infrastructure Private Limited

Zamil New Delhi Infrastructure Private Limited

3.1 JAWAHARLAL NEHRU NATIONAL

The National Solar Mission is a major initiative of the Government of India

In launching India s National Action Plan on Climate Change on June 30,

Our vision is to make India s economic development energy-efficient. Over

Zamil New Delhi Infrastructure Private Limited

2. Objectives and Targets

The objective of the National Solar Mission is to establish India as a

The Mission will adopt a 3-phase approach, spanning the remaining

Zamil New Delhi Infrastructure Private Limited

The immediate aim of the Mission is to focus on setting up an enabling

To achieve this, The Mission Targets are:

• To create an enabling policy framework for the deployment of

• To create favourable conditions for solar manufacturing

• To promote programmes for off grid applications, reaching 1000

• To achieve 15 million sq. meters solar thermal collector area by 2017

• To deploy 20 million solar lighting systems for rural areas by

3. Mission strategy (phase 1 and 2)

Zamil New Delhi Infrastructure Private Limited

The policy announcement will create the necessary environment to

Since some State Governments have already announced initiatives on

Zamil New Delhi Infrastructure Private Limited

NVVN is a wholly owned subsidiary of NTPC Ltd a Navratna Company.

Zamil New Delhi Infrastructure Private Limited

Regulatory Support for Solar Development

A. RREC Regulations for promotion of Renewable Energy