DSM-5 SUMMARY

Created by Nicole L Bickham, PhD LBT ~ June 2017

MINIMUM DURATION
to Qualify for Diagnosis
NO MINIMUM DURATION MISC/OTHER

OCD ​(>1hr/day OR sig distress or impairment) Adjustment D/O

(ending w/in 6 mos of
termination of
Body Dysmorphic, Hoarding, Trichotillomania, Excoriation D/Os stressor/consequences)

Reactive Attachment & Disinhibited Social Engagement D/Os

Somatic Symptom D/O
(being symptomatic “typically
Dissociative D/Os: DID, Dissoc Amnesia, Depersonalization/Derealization D/O more than 6 mos”)

Conversion D/O & Factitious D/O Intermittent Explosive

D/O (​ verbal or physical
Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake D/O aggression 2x/wk x 3 mos OR
property damage 3x in 12 mos)

Anorexia Nervosa
Personality D/Os​ (“stable
and of long duration”)
Sleep-Wake D/Os: Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea, Central Sleep Apnea, Sleep-Related Hypoventilation, Circadian
Rhythm Sleep-Wake D/O, Non-REM Sleep Arousal D/O (sleepwalking or sleep terror), Nightmare D/O, REM Sleep
Behavior D/O

Pyromania & Kleptomania

Substance Intoxication & Withdrawal

Delerium & Major & Mild Neurocognitive Disorders

 MINIMUM DURATION
to Qualify for Diagnosis, Cont.
< 1 MONTH 1 MONTH 3 MONTHS 6 MONTHS 12 MONTHS 2 YEARS

Brief Psychotic D/O ​(1 Delusional D/O Bulimia ADHD Tourette’s D/O Cyclothymia
day - 1 month) Nervosa & (adults)
Schizophreniform ​(1-6 Binge- Specific Learning D/O Persistent (Chronic) Tic D/O
Bipolar I ​(1 wk) mos) Eating D/O Persistent
Schizophrenia Cyclothymia (child/adol) Depressive
Hypomanic Episode ​(4 Separation Anx D/O Enuresis & Disorder
days) (children) Encopresis Separation Anx D/O (adults) Disruptive Mood (adults)
Dysregulation D/O
Maj Dep Episode & D/O Selective Mutism Specific Phobia
(2 weeks)
Sleep D/Os:
Insomnia, Persistent Depressive D/O
Acute Stress D/O Panic D/O ​(following at Hypersom- Social Anx D/O (child/adol)
least 1 attack)
(3 days - 1 month) nolence,
Narcolepsy, Agoraphobia Premenstrual Dysphoric
PTSD (all ages) D/O
Restless
Legs Gen Anx D/O
Pica & Rumination D/O Conduct D/O
Syndrome
Illness Anxiety D/O
Substance Use D/Os &
Sexual Dysfunctions & Gambling D/O
Gender Dysphoria

Oppositional Def D/O

Paraphilic D/Os

Page 1
 PREVALENCE OF DSM-5 DISORDERS
<1% ABOUT 1% >1% 5% OR HIGHER

Tic Disorders Intellectual Specific Learning D/O (adults, 4%) ADHD in adults ​(2.5%) & ​children ​(5%)
Disability
Delusional Disruptive Mood Dysregulation D/O Specific Learning D/O​ (5-15% of children)
D/O ​(0.2%) Autism Spectrum (2-5% child/adol)
Major Depression​ (7%)
Persistent Depressive D/O​ (2%)
Schizoaf- Schizophrenia
fective​ (0.3%) (0.3-0.7%) Premenstrual Dysphoric D/O ​(2-6% of menstruating women)
Panic D/O ​(2-3% US/Eur)
Bipolar I Cyclothymia Specific Phobia​ (7-9% US, lower outside US/Eur) &
(0.6% US) (0.4-1%) Agoraphobia ​(1.7%)
Social Anx D/O​ (7% US, considerable lower outside)

Bipolar II OCD Gen Anx D/O​ (1-3%)

PTSD​ (3.5% US, 8.7% lifetime; 0.5-1% outside US)
(0.3% int, 0.8%
US) Bulimia ​(1-1.5% Body Dysmorphic D/O ​(2.4% US)
young F)
Somatic Symptom D/O ​(5-7% estimated)
Anorexia Hoarding D/O​ (2-6% US/Eur)
(0.4% young F) Binge-Eating D/O Enuresis​ (5-10% age 5, 3-5% age 10)
(0.8-1.6% US) Dissociative Id D/O (1.5%)
Narcolepsy Insomnia D/O ​(6-10%)
(0.02-0.04%) Obstructive Sleep Premature Ejaculation​ (1-3% M, using
Apnea newer, more stringent criteria) Obstructive Sleep Apnea ​(2-15% middle adults, >20% older adults)
Opioid Use (1-2% of children)
D/O (0.37%) Restless Legs Syndrome ​(2-7%)
Oppositional Def D/O (3%)
Non-REM Sleep
Stimulant Arousal D/O Erectile D/O ​(13-21% M 40-80, 40-50% M >60)
Conduct D/O (4%)
Use D/O (sleepwalking type,
(0.2%) 1-5% children)
Cannabis Use D/O ​(3.4% teens, 1.5% Alcohol Use D/O ​(4.6% teens, 8.5% adults,
adults, decreasing w age) decreases after middle age to 1.5% > age 65) &
Dependent Gambling D/O Tobacco Use D/O ​(21% US adults + 22% formerly)
(lifetime 0.4-1%)
Pers D/O Personality D/Os: Paranoid, Schizoid,
Schizotypal, Histrionic, Borderline, Obsessive Compulsive Pers D/O (2-8%)
Antisocial Pers D/O Narcissistic, Avoidant (2-6%)
(0.2-3.3%)

Page 2
 GENDER RATIO
HIGHER IN MALES ABOUT EQUAL HIGHER IN FEMALES

Autism Spectrum (4x) Bipolar I Rapid cycling Bipolar

ADHD (2x in children, 1.6x in adults) Bipolar II​ (overall) Bipolar I w/ Mixed Features

Specific Learning D/O (2-3x) Cyclothymia ​(general Bipolar II (some clinical samples)
pop)
Tic Disorders (2-4x) Cyclothymia (clinical settings)
Panic Disorder
Schizophrenia (esp earlier onset) Major Depression (1.5-3x starting in adolescence)
Gen Anx D/O
(clinical)
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation D/O Social Anx D/O (1.5-2x general pop)
Depersonalization/
Social Anx D/O (clinical samples) Specific Phobia, Agoraphobia & GAD (2x)
Derealization D/O
OCD (children) OCD (adults, slightly)
Illness Anx D/O
(formerly
Nocturnal Enuresis & (all) Encopresis hypochondriasis) Hoarding D/O (clinical)

Narcolepsy (slightly) Inhalant Use D/O Trichotillomania (10x)

(adol)
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (2-4x) & Central Sleep Excoriation D/O (3x)
Apnea (even more skewed) Tobacco Use D/O
Acute Stress D/O & PTSD
Non-REM Sleep Arousal (sleepwalking, adults) Avoidant Pers D/O
Conversion D/O (2-3x)
Oppositional Defiant D/O (1.4x)
Anorexia (10x) & Bulimia
Intermittent Explosive D/O (1.4-2.3x)
Binge-Eating D/O
Conduct D/O (but far less skewed than in Bulimia)

Pyromania Diurnal Enuresis

Page 3
 Insomnia D/O (1.4x)
Alcohol Use D/O (2.4x) Non-REM Sleep Arousal (sleepwalking, childhood)

Cannabis & Opioid Use D/Os (approx 2x) Nightmare D/O (2x starting in 20s)

Gambling D/O (3x, but narrowing) Restless Legs Syndrome (1.5-2x)

Personality D/Os: Paranoid, Schizoid (slightly), Kleptomania (3x)

Schizotypal (slightly), Antisocial (significantly),
Narcissistic (2-3x), OCPD (2x) Sed/Hypn/Anx Use D/O (teens 2x)

Paraphilic D/Os: Voyeuristic (3x) and all others Borderline Pers D/O (3x)

PREVALENCE NOTES:
● 5-20% of people in outpatient MH settings have Adjustment D/O as primary diagnosis.
● 5% of people referred to neurology clinics have Conversion D/O.
● 5-15% of night workers have Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake D/O.
● 10-42% of women expereince orgasmic problems, not taking into account distress. 15% of women report recurrent pain in intercourse.
● 2.5% of the population report ever using phencyclidine (PCP).

NOTES ON SUICIDE RISK:

● 5-6% of Schizophrenia/Schizoaffective die by suicide, 20% attempt
● Bipolar I 36% attempt, ¼ of all suicides
● Bipolar II ⅓ attempt (higher lethality than Bipolar I)
● Increased risk with Specific Phobia, probably due to comorbid PDs & other anx D/Os
● 70% of outpatients diag w/DID have attempted

Page 4
 ONSET / PEAK ONSET
DEVELOPMENTAL PERIOD ADOLESCENCE ADOL/EARLY ADULT ADULTHOOD LATER
ADULT-
Intellectual Disability Persistent Depr Schizophrenia​ (early to mid 20s M, late 20s F) Brief Psychotic HOOD
D/O D/O (30s)
(child/adol/EA) Schizoaffective (EA) Delirium
Global Developmental Delay (<5 yrs)
Agoraphobia
Social Anx D/O Bipolar I (18) (2nd highest peak Neuro-
Fluency Disorder (Stuttering) after 40)
cognitive
Body Bipolar II (mid20s) Disorders
Generalized
Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder Dysmorphic D/O
Anxiety D/O
Cyclothymia (wide span, median
Autism Spectrum Trichotillo- 30)
mania & Major Depression (20s)
Excoriation Narcolepsy (2nd
ADHD​ (several Sx present prior to age 12)
Panic D/O (early 20s) peak 30-35)
Circadian
Specific Learning D/O
Rhythm Agoraphobia
Tic Disorders (before 18) Sleep-Wake D/O
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation D/O
OCD (19.5)
(diag 6-18, Sx present bef 10) Intermittent
Explosive D/O Anorexia & Bulimia
Selective Mutism (min age 6)

Narcolepsy (1st peak age 15-25)

Reactive Attachment D/O ​(bef 5) Conduct D/O
(child/adol,
rare>16) Restless Legs Syndrome
Disinhibited Social Engagement D/O
Substance Use D/Os
Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake D/O
Personality D/Os ​(Antisocial PD must begin
by age 15, but can’t be diagnosed bef 18)
Enuresis ​(min age 5)​ & Encopresis ​(min age 4)
Voyeuristic D/O (min 18), Pedophilic
Opp Def D/O ​(rarely aft early adol) (min 15) & other Paraphilic D/Os

Page 5