Sample Problem:

The typical floor plan of a given building is shown below. Determine the following:

1. Center of Mass of a building

2. Center of Stiffness of a building due to its columns
3. Center of Rigidity of a building due to its shear walls
4. The real eccentricity of diaphragm shear when seismic shear, V is acting in (a) X direction (b) Y
direction.

Consider the following conditions in the building:

1. f’c = 28 MPa
2. Weight of concrete, Wc = 23.50 KN/m3 (2395.51 Kg/m3)
3. Column Size = 400mm x 400mm (Typical)
4. Beam Size = 200mm x 400mm (Typical)
5. Slab Thickness = 100mm (Typical)
6. Storey Height = 3.0 m (Typical)
7. Seismic Shear, V is acting in the Y direction
8. Disregard the weight of CHB walls
9. Shear Wall Thickness = 200mm

Figure 1. Typical Building Plan

 1. Center of Mass of a building

Use the following equations to determine the center of mass of a building,

Sample computation for column weight:

C1 = 0.40m x 0.40m x 3.0m x 23.5 kN/m3 = 11.28 KN

Sample computation for shear wall weight:

W1 = 0.20m x 2.0m x 3.0m x 23.5 kN/m3 = 28.20 KN

W2 = 0.20m x 1.5m x 3.0m x 23.5 kN/m3 = 21.15 KN

Sample computation for beam weight:

B1 = 0.20m x (0.40 - 0.10)m x 3.0m x 23.5 kN/m3 = 4.23 KN

B2 = 0.20m x (0.40 - 0.10)m x 4.0m x 23.5 kN/m3 = 5.64 KN

Note that the depth of the beam was lessen by the slab thickness.

Sample computation for slab weight:

S1 = (3 + 0.10)m x (4 + 0.10 +0.10)m x 0.10m x 23.5 kN/m 3 = 30.60 KN

2. Center of Stiffness, Si of a building due to its columns

Where,

where Wc is between 1500-2500 Kg/m3,

For normal concrete, the NSCP 2015 permitted to use Ec = 4700 √f’c, in MPa.

In this case, Wc = (23.50 KN/m3 ) x (1000N/1KN) x (1Kg/9.81N) = 2395.51 Kg/m3

Since Wc is between 1500-2500 Kg/m3, then,

Ec = 0.043 (√28) (2395.51)1.5 = 26677.46 MPa = 26677.46 x 103 KPa.

I = 0.40 (0.40)3/12 = 2.133x10-3 m4

Sample computation for column stiffness:

Si = 12EI/L3 = (12 x 26677.46 x 103 x 2.133x10-3) / (3)3 = 25290.23 KN/m

3. Center of Rigidity of a building due to its shear walls

Where,

Where, Ri = Rigidity of shear wall, E = modulus of Elasticity, t = thickness of the shear wall,

h = height of the wall, L = length of the wall.

Note that concrete/masonry shear wall, it is treated as a cantilever out of the ground.

Also note that each shear wall has rigidity when loads act along the length of the wall. Each wall
is assumed to have zero rigidity when loads act perpendicular to the wall. In this problem, the
seismic shear V is acting in the Y direction.

Sample computation for rigidity of shear wall:

For W1: Rix = 0 (V is ꓕ to x-axis, refer to the position of Figure 1)

Riy = [(26677.46 x 103) (0.20)] / [4(3/2)3 + 3(3/2)] = 296,416.22 KN/m

For W2: Rix = [(26677.46 x 103) (0.20)] / [4(3/1.5)3 + 3(3/1.5)] = 140,407.68 KN/m

Riy = 0 (V is ꓕ to x-axis, refer to the position of Figure 1)

XCR = 1778497.3 / 592832.44 = 3m

YCR = 1123261.44 / 280815.36 = 4m

4. The real eccentricity of diaphragm shear

(a). When V is acting in the X direction then the eccentricity is ey = Ycm – YCR = 2.11 – 4 = - 1.89 m

(b). When V is acting in the Y direction then the eccentricity is ex = Xcm – XCR = 3 – 3 = 0