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REVIEW CENTER FOR ALLIED PROFESSIONS

(RCAP)

Nurse Licensure Examination


APRIL 2000

INTEGRATED COMPREHENSIVE TEST


II________________________________________

Situation 1 – As a community health nurse, your clients are usually diverse. It


is important that you should be sensitive with the needs of these client
according to their developmental stages.

1. Lisa, 22 years old, has just been accepted in an ambulatory health care
clinic. She approached you to report an outbreak of influenza in their
neighborhood and has shared with you how she anxiously awaits her first
job. A major developmental focus of Liza and her age group is:
a. Resolving how one will confront death
b. Finding oneself and developing initial commitments
c. Deciding what worth can be shared with next generation
d. Rebelling against parental control in matters of dating and going out
with friends

2. In one of your clinics, you met Mrs. Rosario, 42 y/o, who begins to feel
anxious about her life. Her husband has been very busy having been
promoted as CEO at their company. Her oldest child is already working
and the two younger ones are in school. She finds herself daydreaming
about having another baby. You would consider her situation as:
a. Out of control midlife crisis
b. Serious developmental abnormality
c. Healthy life satisfaction
d. Expected midlife disillusionment

3. Mr. Cruz, 50 year old, is known to be obsessed with his graying and
balding hair. He makes frequent negative references to his body and
energy level and at one time has told to his wife to probably leave him for
a younger man. His behavior probably indicates:
a. Awareness of aging and mortality
b. Desire to be separated from the wife
c. Loss of sexuality
d. Mental and neurotic disorder

4. Aling Martha is 75 years old who is very active in church activities. She is
in good physical health but was brought to your clinic by the eldest
daughter who has been disturbed because Aling Martha always talks
about “When she dies…”She has given away some possession to friends
and close relatives. She also told her family about wanting to be cremated
when the “time” comes. She says she is fine and just want to be realistic
and ready. Your nursing intervention would likely be:
a. Just ignore the complaints of the eldest daughter
b. Refer her to the hospital for further observation
c. Obtain a prescription for anti-depressant
d. Explain that her behavior is developmentally normal

5. Mr. De Asis, 70 years old, came to the clinic complaining of muscle


weakness, fatigue and shortness of breath on his regular walking exercise
in the morning. Upon examination his BP is 136/86 and pulse rate is
70/min. He said that after a short period of rest, he feels fine again. He is
not taking any medication. Your analysis with this assessment would most
likely be that he:
a. Has cardiac pathology and needs to be seen by the doctor
b. Needs to take preventive “anti-hypertensive” medication
c. Is unconsciously needing attention because his rate is normal
d. Is probably experiencing the cardiac effects of normal aging

Situation 2 – The nurse’s role in varying health problems involving patients in


various developmental stage expected regardless of place and
circumstances.
NLE: INTEGRATED COMPREHENSIVE TEST II – April 2000

6. A school nurse was called to attend to a bruised skin of Tim, a 4-year old
pre-school pupil. When attending to the needs of this child, the nurse
should remember that children of age are afraid of:
a. Mutilation c. Death
b. Isolation d. Starvation

7. When caring for a 6 month old baby, the nurse should emphasize to the
mother how to prevent accidents. At this age, the toys that are
appropriate for this baby are:
a. Blocks c. Match box
b. Rattles d. Balls

8. Mother wants to know what to do when her 5 year old boy temper
tantrum. The nurse would suggest that the mother allows the child to
express anger by the use of a:
a. Punching bag c. Pounding board
b. Baseball bat d. Wad of clay

9. Accidents from falls are common among 6 – 12 months children. At this


age, they usually:
a. Crawls lengthy distances
b. Sits up
c. Rolls over
d. Stands while holding into furniture

10. The nurse is aware that an older pre-schooler’s response


hospitalization is influenced by:
a. Belief in supernatural powers
b. Fear of separation from loved ones
c. Belief bodily harm
d. Belief in death’s finality

Situation 3 – Aling Betty, a retired school teacher and a sari-sari store owner
came to the health center complaining of easy fatigability. She is very much
worried about her health, although according to her, her work in the store is
very light.

11. Based on the above situation, which of the following statements BEST
exemplify a health promotion priority goal for Aling Betty:
a. Plan a therapeutic diet for her
b. Encourage her to have a bed rest
c. Allay or reduce her stress
d. Have a regular physical examination

12. In doing risk appraisal for Aling Betty, which of the following behaviors
of the nurse is most appropriate?
a. Perform the physical assessment including technical gynecological
history
b. Develop client trust in you by explaining in technical terms, her
condition
c. Show an attitude of concern considering her individuality as a person
d. Show a helping attitude by supervising her ADL (activities of daily
living)

13. The objective of a risk appraisal for Aling Betty is finding out the:
a. Health Threats in the community
b. Health habits and practices
c. Danger sign of diseases
d. Undesirable health practices

NLE: INTEGRATED COMPREHENSIVE TEST II – April 2000

14. Having gathered information, which of the following potential health


problems can be BEST modified or addressed by the nurse according to
the health needs of the patient?
a. Illness among the family members
b. Health beliefs and practices
c. Health resources in the community
d. Her work as a sari-sari store owner

15. Upon taking the blood pressure, aling Betty’s BP registered at 170/100
of Hg. Which of the following factors would you consider at most risk? Her:
a. Past illness
b. Dietary pattern
c. Daily activities of living
d. Sleeping habits

Situation 4 – Mrs. Martha Duque, 35 years old, G4P4 expressed her desire to
undergo bilateral tubal ligation (BTL). Her youngest child is one year old.

16. In counseling Mrs. Duque and her husband about BTL, which of the
following should be the main focus of the nurse?
a. Review family and personal circumstances that could affect their
decision
b. Motivate the couple to accept the technology
c. Assist the couple to make a sound, well informed decision to undergo
the procedure
d. If the couple has any doubt, offer another contraceptive method

17. After sterilization, which of the following should be avoided by Mrs.


Duque?
a. Take medications as ordered
b. Shower anytime, but keep the incision site dry for 7 days
c. Resume sexual relation with husband
d. Lift her youngest child

18. Which of the following is NOT true in BTL?


a. Allows immediate sterility
b. Does not interrupt sexual activities
c. Irreversible
d. Very effective and safe

19. Mrs. Duque asks “Will it be possible for me to get pregnant after the
procedure?” The BEST response of the nurse will be:
a. “The doctors here are all specialists, I wouldn’t worry if I were here.”
b. “Absolutely not, this a permanent sterility.”
c. “There are some reports of women getting pregnant, but this is
comparatively rare.”
d. “What made you asks?”

20. Other methods of contraception are explored. Mr. Duque expresses his
non-preference for vasectomy. Which of the following is the main reason
why this method is not a popular choice among men?
a. Very costly
b. Restoration of fertility does not always succeed
c. Sterility is not immediate
d. Diminishes macho image

Situation 5 – Rubi is a newly registered nurse who is assigned at the OB ward


where some nursing students are having related experience on the concept
of pregnancy.

NLE: INTEGRATED COMPREHENSIVE TEST II – April 2000

21. One student asks Rubi to discuss what a zygote is. Her answer will
likely be a:
a. Daughter cell
b. Cell that results from the fertilization of the ovum by a spermatozoa
c. Union of an egg by a sperm
d. Matured ovum

22. Which of the following will BEST described a mitosis?


a. Fertilization of an ovum
b. Cell division of the fertilized ovum
c. Rupture of the ovum from the graafian follicle
d. Implantation of the fertilized egg

23. Rubi discusses how the zygote enters the uterus which usually takes
place in how many hours after fertilization?
a. 180 c. 48
b. 72 d. 150

24. The mulberry-like ball of cells that results from cleavage is called:
a. Blastocyst c. Blastomere
b. Trophoblast d. Morula

25. The zygote is normally implanted in what part of the uterus?


a. Corpus c. Cornua
b. Fundus d. Cervix

Situation 6 – Monica, 16 y/o single and pregnant for the first time is admitted
to the labor room due to the passage of watery vaginal discharge, one hour
PTA. IE revealed 3 – 4 cms. cervical dilatation, 80% effaced: station O and (-)
BOW.

26. What is the rationale for placing Monica on complete bed rest upon
admission? This will prevent:
a. Infection c. Fetal distress
b. Fatigue d. Cord prolapsed

27. Which of the following heartbeat per minute is indicative of fetal


distress?
a. 159 c. 135
b. 121 d. 165

28. What position is best for Monica in order to prevent fetal hypoxia?
a. Left lateral c. Trendelenberg
b. Dorsal recumbent d. Semi-fowler’s

29. Which of the following BEST describes an effacement?


a. Cervix become thinner
b. Presenting part has descended at the level of the ischial spine
c. Diameter of the presenting part of the fetus has passed through the
pelvic inlet
d. Opening of the cervix becomes wider

30. Station O means that the presenting part of the fetus is:
a. Still floating
b. One centimeter above the ischial spine
c. At the level of the ischial spine
d. One cm. below the ischial spine

Situation 7 – Nurse Mika is assigned at the Nursing Unit at 6 – 2 shift.

NLE: INTEGRATED COMPREHENSIVE TEST II – April 2000

31. She admitted girl Lopez, full term whose mother has a history of PROM.
Mika anticipates that the girl Lopez will be:
a. Exposed to billilite
b. Placed inside the incubator
c. Given IV fluids
d. Given doses of antibiotic

32. Boy Francisco, 36 weeks AOG, has cryptorchidism, which refers to:
a. Undescended testes
b. Unretracted foreskin of the penis
c. Ventral location of the urinary meatus
d. Presence of fluid in the scrotal sac

33. Girl Rubio, develops jaundice. When does physiologic jaundice occur?
a. After the 7th day
b. Upon birth
c. Twenty four hours after birth
d. Between the 2nd and 5th day
34. Boy Chua demonstrates a tonic reflex, which is described as:
a. Fanning of the toes when a sharp object is pressed in the sole of his
foot
b. Extension of his leg on the same side to which his head is turned
c. Turning of the head toward the side of the cheek that was touch
d. Grasping of any object placed in his hand

35. When the crib of Girl Perez is jarred, she develops sudden outward
extension of her arms then slowly relaxes. What reflex is this:
a. Parachute c. Landau
b. Babinksi d. Moro

Situation 8 – Anton, a 12 month old boy was visited by Nurses Patricia for
growth monitoring.

36. At his age, what physical activities can be done by Anton?


. Walks by himself
. Sits down from a standing position without help
Walks with help
. Stands for a moment alone without support

a. II, III and IV c. I, II, and III


b. I, ,III and IV d. I, II and IV

37. In choosing toys for Anton. What criteria should considered a priority?
a. Educational purpose c. Safety
b. Development function d. Recreation use

38. After 12 months, Anton can already:


a. Say “bye-bye”
b. Say his full name
c. Comprehend words such as “Hello”
d. Utter 2 words other than “Dada” and “Mama”

NLE: INTEGRATED COMPREHENSIVE TEST II – April 2000

39. Normally, Anton has gained the following social/emotional


developments. Which is NOT?
a. Cuddles his teddy bear always
b. Exhibits emotions such as jealousy, affection and anger
c. Friendly even to people he sees for the first time
d. Enjoys playing with his father and mother

40. The birth weight of Anton was 3,200 grams, which at 12 months would
normally be approximately how many pounds?
a. 28 c. 24
b. 14 d. 21

Situation 9 – Ansell is 28 months old boy and is observed to regularly saying


“NO” to others. When his needs are not met, he readily displays temper
tantrums.
41. The negativistic attitude of Ansell during meal time can BEST deal by
telling him:
a. “You finish everything on your plate.”
b. “I’ll bring you to Enchanted Kingdom if you eat your meal.”
c. “It’s meal time let’s wash our hands.”
d. “Do you want to eat?”

42. Ansell asked for a cup of ice cream after dinner, but his mother refused
because he has a cough. He begun throwing his silverware. Which of the
following will help the mother deal with outburst?
a. Spank him for misbehaving
b. Tell him to leave the dining table
c. Withhold his playtime privileges
d. Let him express his frustrations

43. At 30 months old, how many teeth should Ansell have?


a. 20 c. 22
b. 24 d. 18

44. When is the BEST time for his mother to bring Ansell to his dentist?
a. At 2 – 3 years of age c. When he experiences
toothache
b. Before entering pre-school d. As soon as a tooth falls
out

45. At age 3, which of the following will Ansell be able to do?


. Can pedal a tricycle
. Walks backwards
Jumps from a low step
. Walks upstairs with alternating steps

a. I, II, III and IV c. I, II and III


b. I, II and IV d. I, III and IV

Situation 10 –Juan Miguel, 9 y/o is admitted in ward 18 for tonsillectomy. His


bed is adjacent to the bed of Julian who has a terminal case of acute
lymphocytic leukemia. The two boys easily became friends.

46. What does hospitalization mean for Juan Miguel at his age?
a. Exposure to a strange place
b. Separation from friends
c. Experiencing pain due to surgery
d. Separation from his family

NLE: INTEGRATED COMPREHENSIVE TEST II – April 2000

47. Base on his level cognitive development, which of the following is Juan
Miguel capable of doing?
. Forming attitudes and value system
. Interpersonal perceptions and concept of self
Following rules and own responsibility for himself
. Reasoning and logical thought
a. I, II and IV c. I, II and III
b. II, III and IV d. I, II and IV

48. Juan Miguel cries out loud during IV insertion. Which of the following
responses of the nurses is therapeutic?
a. “You will feel more pain if you cry.”
b. “Next time we won’t let your mother stay with you if you cry.”
c. “Big boys don’t cry.”
d. “I know it hurts so it’s okay to cry.”

49. While Juan Miguel was sleeping, Julian passed away. Which of the
following BEST describes his concept of death?
a. Cessation of corporal life c. Temporary departure
b. Form of sleep d. Person

50. Which is the BEST response of the nurse when asked by Juan Miguel,
what happened to Julian?
a. “He is now dead.”
b. “He is just sleeping.”
c. “He is going to heaven.”
d. “The angels came and took him away.”

Situation 11 – Marvin, 17 y/o is a first year college student.

51. Which of the following health problems is MOST likely to be


encountered by Marvin at his age?
a. Neuromuscular disorders
b. Cardiovascular aberrations
c. Emotional and behavioral problems
d. Respiratory disease

52. Marvin experiences nocturnal emissions (“wet dreams”), the cause of


which is:
a. Gonodal hyperactivity
b. Masturbation
c. Normal physiologic process
d. Sexual fantasies

53. What would be the most appropriate activity for Marvin to enhance his
social development?
a. Internet surfing c. Joining youth club
b. Computer games d. Basketball games

54. He was admitted to the hospital because of fracture. Who among the
following nurses will be effective in dealing with an adolescent like
Marvin? A nurse who:
a. Involves the patients in enforcing rules of the ward
b. Never argues
c. Tolerates some mild swearing or off color language
d. States a definite expectation

NLE: INTEGRATED COMPREHENSIVE TEST II – April 2000


55. Which of the following behaviors indicated that he has successfully
attained his development task?
a. Isolates himself from others
b. Enjoys a heterosexual relationship
c. Relates only with male friends
d. Prefer to be with his mother

Situation 12 – Immunity maybe natural or acquired but there is no absolute


immunity.

56. What kind of immunity is a state of resistance to infection inherent in


the body not brought about through a previous attack of the disease?
a. Passive c. Anaphylactic
b. Natural d. Active

57. This kind of immunity is acquired resulting from previous attack of the
disease or repeated exposure to doses of an organism?
a. Anaphylactic c. Passive
b. Active d. Natural

58. What kind of immunity is dependent on the presence of the blood of


immune substances not produced by the person’s own body cells?
a. Passive c. Natural
b. Active d. Prophylactic

59. What is the term which means there is an increase susceptibility to


special substances especially protein. When protein is introduced to the
body, hypersensitivity is alarming:
a. Anaphylaxis c. Serum sickness
b. Neurogenic d. Antitoxins

60. Before introduction of any foreign substance to the body, it is the duty
of the nurse to prepare a syringe with adrenalin or aminophylline to
counteract allergies or anaphylactic shock. What do you call this
procedure?
a. Horse-serum c. Sensitivity
b. Antidote d. Dermatologist

Situation 13 – Care of the elderly is included in the WHO Health for all. In the
Phil. The elderly is properly cared for at home.

61. Which Maslow’s hierarchy of needs do old people need?


a. Spiritual c. Economic
b. Emotional d. Belongingness

62. Respiratory disease affect the elderly. Which nursing function is best to
assist your grandparents?
a. Guidance counseling
b. Referral to specialist
c. Home care management
d. Functions specific to disease

63. Humanitarian issues affects care of elderly. Filipino values are


changing. Which one would you maintain in the care of the elderly?
a. Security and protection c. Income of elderly
b. Educational and recreation d. Labor and management
NLE: INTEGRATED COMPREHENSIVE TEST II – April 2000

64. What program would you make for the elderly?


a. Build home for elderly
b. Information on physical and social process
c. Children to be responsible for parents
d. Involve elderly in volunteer work

65. In our country, Senior citizens are give the privilege in purchase of
their medicines. How much is the discount?
a. 20% c. 10%
b. 15% d. 25%

Situation 14 – Water quality and monitoring for surveillance is the


responsibility of each municipality through the RHU. Planning must be
assisted by the Environmental Health.

66. The nurse should know that the examination of drinking water by
government or non-government municipality through the RHU. Planning
must be assisted by the Environment Health Service:
a. Sanitary Engineer c. Department of Health
b. Municipality d. City of Health

67. Disinfections of water supply is required in newly constructed well.,


repaired water pipes, contaminated container and what else?
a. Unimproved spring c. Surface water
b. Open well d. River dam

68. Approved types of toilet facilities may need water or not depending on
receiving space. What type of toilet s without need of water?
a. Pit latrines c. Flush toilet
b. Water sealed d. Aqua privies

69. Hospital waste management program is a requirement before


construction of a new facility. The hospital personnel are required to train
in waste management to prevent which of the following?
a. Communicable disease
b. Nosocomial infection
c. Cross infection
d. Transmission of infection

70. Nursing responsibilities and activities to ward off environmental


pollution is beyond measure. The nurse is in the best position to conduct
health education through which of the following?
a. Development of designs or programs
b. Use communication media
c. Development and distribution of IEC materials
d. Role modeling approach

Situation 15 – The Expanded Program of Immunization (EPI) was started in


July 1976 by virtue of PD 996, a compulsory immunization of children below
8 years old.
71. This EPI is based on 3 principles. Which one is pro-people?
a. Case finding and treatment on site
b. A basic health service
c. Based on epidemiological situation
d. Mass approach rather than individuals

NLE: INTEGRATED COMPREHENSIVE TEST II – April 2000

72. Which one is primary element of EPI?


a. Logistic management
b. Target setting
c. Information campaign
d. Surveillance and research

73. The general objective of EPI is to reduce morbidity and mortality among
children BCG is given at birth followed by 2 doses. When are 2nd and 3rd
doses given?
a. Pre-school booster
b. One and a half months after one month after
c. Two months after the 1st dose
d. Every month for 2 months

74. Measles is given subcutaneously on a dose of 0.5 ml. At what age is


this done?
a. Nine months c. One and a half year
b. Six months d. One year

75. Which collaborating agency in the world helps erase Polio children?
a. Canadian International Development Agency
b. WHO
c. Rotary International
d. UNICEF

Situation 16 – Infection and immunity are two important words in disease


process, one cannot be without the other.

76. What is the term which means the entry and development or
multiplication of an infectious agent into the body of man or animal?
a. Incidence c. Infestation
b. Infection d. Incubation

77. What is the term which means resistance of the body associated with
the presence of antibodies or cells having specific action on
microorganism or toxins?
a. Immunity c. Morbidity
b. Mortality d. Pathogenicity

78. What is an incidence rate used to include all person in the population
who become chronically ill?
a. Immunity c. Mortality
b. Pathogenicity d. Morbidity
79. What is the rate calculated in the same way using a numerator number
of deaths occurring during a stipulated time?
a. Immunity c. Mortality
b. Pathogenicity d. Morbidity

80. What kind of infection occurs after patient has been admitted or even
after discharge which acquired during hospitalization?
a. Transmission c. Isolation
b. Quarantine d. Nosocomial

Situation 17 – Mang Tomas is known to be malnourished, living in a crowded


areas in the squatter area of a big city. He came to the City Health Center
due to loss of weight, easy fatigability, chronic dry cough and low grade
fever.

81. The MAIN source of infection is pulmonary Tuberculosis of Mang Tomas


is through which of the following?
a. Crowded living quarters
b. Unavailability of portable water
c. Direct contact with infected persons
d. Unsanitary surrounding

82. A physician orders an x-ray examination for Mang Tomas and you refer
him to a nearby government agency with x-ray facilities. What is the
purpose of this laboratory aid to diagnosis?

a. To check if patient has relatives with TB


b. To see the evidence of having the disease
c. Determine severity of lesion in the lungs
d. To aid in doctor’s prescription

83. In TB control Program of DOH it has specific objectives, one on


prevention is another program, which is focused on children. Which one
below in this program?
a. Differential Prophylaxis
b. Sputum Collection and Examination
c. EPI for BCG vaccine
d. Tuberculin Skin Testing

84. On health education, which one is the responsibility of the Community


health nurse?
a. Intensive and responsive IEC campaign
b. Intersection coordination
c. Supervision and monitoring
d. Periodic reporting and recording

85. If assigned to conduct research related to TB control, which would


provide epidemiological and sociological information? Choose one method
of data collection:
a. Identify operational problem
b. Prevalence survey
c. Read related literature
d. Include TB cases as population

Situation 18 – Mrs. Cruz has breast cancer. Your aim is to relieve physical
and mental distress
86. Which of the following is your vital role in cancer care?
a. Arrange for spiritual consultation
b. Allow patient to get angry
c. Maintain dignity of patient
d. Control pain

87. Which level of care is prevention before treatment?


a. Treatment c. Supportive
b. Primary d. Secondary

88. The rural doctor orders Mrs. Cruz to see a facility with radiation. What
is the level of care in this facility?
a. Specialty c. Tertiary
b. Secondary d. Primary

89. When Mrs. Cruz came home, she had some medication. Which ones
are antimetabolites?
a. Five F-U c. Ampicillin
b. Cytoxan d. Beta blockers

NLE: INTEGRATED COMPREHENSIVE TEST II – April 2000

90. Information materials related to cancer is available. Which agency


distribute these?
a. Phil. Cancer Control
b. Phil. Cancer Society
c. Cancer Prevention and Control
d. Cancer and you (pamphlet)

Situation 19 – Ceasar, 57 years old, his medical check-up indicates an


enlargement of the prostate.

91. Caesar’s doctor pre-diagnosis is prostatic hypertrophy. Diagnosis test


would include the following, EXCEPT:
a. Cystoscopy c. Papanicolau smear
b. Urinalysis d. Bun and Creatinine

92. Assessment findings includes the following, EXCEPT:


a. Decreased force during urination
b. Light yellow urine output
c. Hematuria
d. Nocturia

93. Which of these is NOT a part of her nursing intervention:


a. Limit fluids intake
b. Provide care for his catheter
c. Administer antibiotics as ordered
d. Force fluids

94. Caesar is prepared by his surgeon for suprapubic prostatectomy, this


surgery is:
a. Insertion of the rectroscope into the urethra to exercise prostatic tissue
b. Involves a low midline incision below the bladder and into the prostatic
capsule
c. The prostate is approached by a low abdominal incision into the
bladder to the anterior aspect of the prostate
d. The incision is made through the perineum

95. Which of the following is NOT a potential postoperative complication of


post prostatectomy?
a. Typanism
b. Thrombosis
c. Catheter obstruction
d. Infection

Situation 20 – Mr. Alcantara, a 42 year old married man, was brought to the
emergency room after a mauling incident. He was intoxicated, shouting
wildly and threatening everyone he sees.

96. Alcohol is classified as a/an:


a. CNS depressant c. Opiate
b. CNS stimulant d. Hallucinogen

97. Which one of the following health problems is commonly associated


with prolonged use of alcohol?
a. Gout
b. Thyroidism
c. Cirrhosis of the liver
d. Diabetes mellitus

NLE: INTEGRATED COMPREHENSIVE TEST II – April 2000

98. During interview with his wife, she asks the nurse, “Is there anything I
can do to help my husband resolve his drinking problem?” The nursing
intervention MOST appropriate for the nurse to implement would be:
a. Help Mrs. Alcantara evaluate and clarify the underlying causes of the
drinking problem
b. Tell Mrs. Alcantara that the rehabilitation center and its staff will help
the husband with his drinking problem
c. Tell Mrs. Alcantara that she had done everything to help her husband
d. Help Mrs. Alcantara realize that only her husband can solve his
problem

99. The appropriate nursing diagnosis is:


a. Impaired social interaction
b. Self-esteem disturbance
c. Ineffective individual coping
d. Altered thought process

100. Group therapy is recommended for persons recovering from


alcoholism. Its goals are the following, EXCEPT:
a. Help client recognize and identify his feelings
b. Help client learn new ways to handle problems
c. To motivate the client to change
d. To set limits on his behavior

***Good Luck and GOD bless***

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