Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
A Research Proposal
Submitted by:
ATIENZA, ISSAFEL C.
DELA CRUZ, KRIZIA C.
MATIC, AARON MIGUEL N.
MIGUEL, AUDREY C.
PANLILIO, KATHRYN ANNE U.
TUMANG, CARYL JOY N.
Submitted to:
MS. KATRIN ANNE F. CARPENA
Consultant
March 2, 2020
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INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
According to Sandomal (2016), the Philippine Medical Association stated that
there are 130,000 licensed physicians in the country, with only 70,000 active in the
profession. Medical professionals in the country like nurses and doctors work overseas.
Theodoru (2019) listed the Top 20 highest paying jobs in the world wherein
anesthesiologists ranked first in the list and surgeons came in second. Orthodontists
and dentists also followed the ranking. CEOs, engineering managers, IT systems
manager, corporate lawyers and marketing managers are some of the jobs that are
included in the list.
Liu (2019) and Mejia (2019) stated that the most highly paid employees in the
world are more likely to wear a white coat rather than a Silicon Valley hoodie and jeans
dress. According Glassdoor (n.d.), doctors earn a total base salary of just over $193,000
—a considerable amount more than the No. 2 top-earning pharmacy manager, and
workers who earn an average of $144,000.
Hess (2018) as well as Meier (2019) stated that, wanting to become a doctor
takes many years of a person's life, like four years of undergraduate school, four years
of medical school, at least one year of residency, and multiple researches. But if the
person got the job, it will be all worth it because the salary of doctors are known to be
one of the highest-paying jobs.
Meier (2019) also stated that teaching a patient on how to take care of himself,
exploring new ways of medical treatments, and saving lives are some of the medical
students’ desire that is why they pursue medical courses.
patients because happiness can be proportional to the effectiveness and efficiency of the
physician to a certain extent.
Dowd (2018) said that finding a right place in the medical field can lead to a job
that is perfectly suited to a person’s personality and skills. Doctors experience huge
accomplishment in using their skills and knowledge when it comes to the medical field.
Being a doctor will lead to tremendous opportunities to specialize in whatever field of
medicine that is appealing and rewarding.
An article Advantages Disadvantages (n.d.), said that there are pros and cons of
being a doctor. Doctors have benefits; they get respect and satisfactions due to helping
others, and the amount of their salary. But in order for a person to become a doctor, a
student must undergo a long period of school paying high amount of tuition fees. After
graduation, residency comes, with the long hours of duty, doctors experience lots of
stress that leads to burnout. There can be upside down situations to being a doctor just
like any other professions.
In the Medscape Survey (n. d.) seventy six percent of physicians said that they
are mildly content up to very content with their way of lifestyle. This means that
majority of physicians are enjoying their life. The specialization that they often do is one
of the reasons that affect the physician's happiness of their job. Allergy and
Immunology, Dermatology, Emergency Medicine, Ophthalmology, and Plastic Surgery
are the top five fields with the happiest practicing physicians, while the lower five fields
arranged by physicians' happiness is Cardiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine,
Oncology, Infectious Diseases, and Internal Medicine (Mannam, 2019).
In contrary, Dhand (2018) said that more than half of doctors would not
recommend going for a medical course as cited by The Doctor’s Company (2018). In a
study, it shows that more than half of the students going into medical school entered it
with selfless intents, focusing on “helping those in need” and doing various kinds of
deeds as their reason for entering the medical field, but after years of being a doctor,
their intents gradually changed. It takes a lot of time and effort to be a licensed medical
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professional, and with all that work, the students who do choose to go all the way end
up with massive debt.
An article by “Are Physicians” (n.d.) also stated that being a physician is a tough
decision. Some doctors do not recommend this kind of job to others because it affects
time with families, stress due to lack of government support and some medical issues.
According to one survey, only six percent of doctors are having fun at work.
They would likely commit suicide two times the rate of the general population. Half of
them are not sure if they will advertise the practice of medicine to the youth. But they
are not like other people or other professionals. Lawyers, accountants and other
specialists are mostly enjoying their jobs. These doctors have run out of the third party
payer system. Just like other specialists they are only handling clients, which means that
they are not dealing with insurance companies (Goodman, 2014).
Mills (2019) said that in the U.S., the suicide rate of doctors are twice more than
that of the military, therefore the burnout and frustration experienced by physicians are
increasing. It is also stated that in 2014, a little less than half of doctors in the state said
that they had experienced moderate to high signs of workplace fear. In 2017, more than
half of doctors showed signs of burnout and that a majority of doctors are unsatisfied
with their given profession. The more burnout the doctors experience results in a rise of
early retirement. Almost half of doctors have also been said to plan fewer work hours or
to just quit or retire within the next 5 years.
The article, The Unspoken Causes of Physician Burnout stated that burnout can
lead to severe depression, exhaustion ad job dissatisfaction. Half of the doctors
experience this and it may affect the quality of patient care that they will administer.
Doctors may not perform their duty properly as a doctor. Doctors strongly agreed that
the root of burnout is due to the health care system (Pearl, 2019).
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The researchers decided to conduct this study to know the reasons why doctors
still remain in their jobs despite the challenges and struggles that they encountered.
The study sought to identify the reasons why doctors remained contented with
their jobs specifically (1) identify the source of fulfillment of the doctors in pursuing their
profession, (2) identify the struggles of doctors in fulfilling their jobs and (3) identify the
coping mechanisms of physicians in their different challenges.
To the current and aspiring Medical students, they will get insight as to what it
really is on the medical field and how it is to be a physician. It can inform the students
about how content and satisfied doctors are with their chosen profession and what are
the struggles and challenges that await them after graduating. The students can also
decide if the medical field is right for them based on the response of the participants
participating in this study.
To the Physicians, especially to those doctors who are on a similar situation, they can
learn from the study to use the coping habits and strategies to deal with their own
struggles and challenges.
To the future researchers, they can use this study as a future reference to reinforce
their own research and that they may also gather more information related to their
study. This may also increase their efficiency and understanding of the subject because
this study will help them give a good background or insight.
This study did not cover the participant’s age, family background, civil status,
religion or any personal aspects that is of no relation to the study. The physical aspects
and specialization of the participants were not also necessary.
Definition of Terms
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Doctor. It is any medical profession with an MD, PhD, or any doctoral degree. For
instance, a Doctor can be a doctor. For instance, a Doctor can be a physician,
psychologist, biomedical scientist, etc. (Shiel, 2019). In the present study, doctors are
people who finished medical schools and are working in a hospital.
Struggle. It is the difficulty in achieving and doing something (Soon, 2019). In the
present study, struggle is the problems that are encountered in the job or profession.
METHODOLOGY
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Research Design
The researchers used Qualitative research particularly phenomenological
approach to gather data. According to Crossman (2019), qualitative research is a type of
research that do not use numerical data but it seeks to gather information composed of
the social and everyday life of a person. On the other hand, phenomenology, according
to Chambers (2013) is a qualitative research that describes the lived experiences of a
certain group of people.
This study used qualitative data because the process of collecting data involves
interviewing and the research is focused on the experiences of doctors. Data collected
are also non-numerical which means it is a qualitative research and phenomenology.
These are the criteria in choosing participants which will be the basis of the
study to have more accurate results about their experiences in their chosen profession.
Landingin, an expert in medical field. After the validation of instruments, the researchers
conducted pilot testing to five participants to assure the feasibility and effectiveness of
the questions to gather the data needed in the study.
Data Analysis
To analyze the data, the researchers used content analysis. Content analysis as
stated by Lou (2019), is a research method that is used to record communication. In
conducting conduct analysis, it can be from books, magazine, interview, and speech that
can be written text, or oral. There were three processes in content analysis that the
researchers used: open coding, selective coding, and axial coding. According to
Gallicano (2013), open coding is re-reading of the data and forming a text that describes
and summarizes a participant’s answer while axial coding is connecting the ideas of the
previous open coding. Lastly, selective coding is rechecking and finding a common
relation out of all the data. The researchers used this to effectively analyze data to
answer the objectives of the study.
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Ethical Consideration
The researchers ensured the confidentiality of information and data collected
from participants. Research participants are not subjected to any harm and consent was
distributed prior to the study. Anonymity of individual was also kept confidential. The
permission of voice recording are asked before conducted the interview. The
participants are not forced and can refuse not to conduct the interview. Any type of
offensive, discriminating, hurtful, biased and misleading question which is not related to
the study was also avoided during the data gathering procedure. The participants can
contact the research members to know the result of the study and question about the
study can be asked by the participant during the data gathering. Lastly, the answers
gathered were not to be made public and would only be used for research purposes
only.
FINDINGS
This chapter presents the data obtained in the data gathering.
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1. Interview Question No. 1: What are the things that makes you fulfilled of your job?
Most of the respondents said that the successful recovery of patients, patients’
satisfaction, and the ability to extend support to other people are their source of
fulfillment. A minority answered that they do it to financially sustain their families.
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2. Interview Question No. 2: What are the factors that you consider in choosing your
profession?
Actual Transcripts Open Code Axial Code Selective
Code
P1 “ When I decided to become a doctor, I
considered the fact that my parents wanted me to
be one. I was hesitant at first but when I finally Parents’ Parent’s Parents’
entered medical school and realized that this choice decision decision
profession is not only about saving lives but also and
educating people and patients, it became clearer inspiration
to me that this is what I’m honed to do”.
P12” And giving others the right medical care and Helping
helping the less fortunate patients is my passion less
so I decided to walk in this path”. fortunate
patients
Majority of participants answered that it was their ambition since they were
children. Some answered that it was their parents’ plan or decision for them while some
decided for themselves. Minority chose it for the money/benefits it brings to their
families, helping others and for their own personal choice. Amaechi (2018) said that
most children dream to become doctors because of their desire to help other people.
The respondents have noted that some of the significant challenges they
encountered are having to deal with difficult diseases, not having time with their loved
ones, having minimal confidence on their abilities, meeting rude patients and having a
hard time acquiring supplies. According to Chest (2018), doctors face challenges
because of rare and uncommon diseases because of the lack of clinical equipment and
medications.
P9 “Hmmm, sooo...such…such
challenges ahhhh ahmmmm, one must
not stop learning, so...I...I make sure I
am always prepared in every
aspect...ahhhh I study ahhh…each and Perseverance
every case with diligence”. in studying
Continuous
medical
education
P3 “Matulog ng maaga kapag kaya Self-care Personal care
tsaka kumain ng sapat para mabawi
yung pagod”.
(Sleep early if possible and eat healthy
to cope with the tiredness.) Taking care of the
health
P10 “Proper time management and get
enough rest during day offs”. Rest
Improving
P8 “Tell myself to be always be Patience Tolerance personal traits
patience”.
A large number of participants said that they pray to God to help them cope with
their problems. An article, Overcoming challenges through faith, emphasized that prayer
is one of the things a person can do to lessen the weight of his or her problem
(Orellana, n.d.). This is proven effective to some of the doctors. Meanwhile, some
doctors devote their time to studying to lessen the chances of error, others try making
more time for them to de-stress while others focus on having more patience.
DISCUSSION
Discussion
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This study sought to (1.) identify the source of fulfillment of the doctors in
pursuing their profession (2.) describe the struggles of doctors in fulfilling their jobs and
(3.) define the coping mechanisms of physicians in their different challenges.
Conclusion
The research study sought to identify the reasons why doctors remain contented
with their jobs. Despite the struggles, the respondents had experienced such as having
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to deal with rare diseases, difficult patients, lack of family time and resources, the
doctors pride themselves that they remain on their jobs due to the fulfillment they get
from seeing their patients recovering from their diseases. Prakash (2010) supported this
idea stating that the source of satisfaction of most physicians is due to the successful
healing of their patients. Their capacity to support their family’s needs is one thing that
also brings motivation to them to remain their profession.
Recommendation
After reviewing the data gathered, the researchers recommend the following:
For the Doctors. Doctors can ask help from their family and friends after work
to ease the burnout that they are experiencing. Prayers can be done to strengthen the
self and to not lose hope in life. Having recreational activities can also help boost energy
and to lessen stress.
To the Researchers. They may use the data in this study to supplement their
own research or to expand this current research as the researchers who conducted this
study were limited only to the Pampanga area of the Philippines. They may be able to
better understand the habits and coping mechanisms of doctors, as well as their
personal view on the medical field, including their coping mechanisms.
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