APPRAISAL REPORT

ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT PARTNERSHIP (EEP)

PROGRAMME WITH THE ANDEAN REGION

SEPTEMBER 2010
Index

ABBREVIATIONS/LIST OF ACRONYMS.......................................................................................................... 3
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................ 5
1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................. 7
2. METHODOLOGY OF THE APPRAISAL MISSION .................................................................................... 7
3. KEY FINDINGS: SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION OF MEETINGS IN THE COUNTRIES ............................... 8
3.1 ENERGY POLICY AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK IN THE FOUR COUNTRIES.............................................................. 8
3.2 IDENTIFIED BARRIERS FOR RE AND EE .................................................................................................. 9
3.3 BIOMASS ENERGY ...........................................................................................................................10
3.4 OTHER INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION INITIATIVES .................................................................................11
4. VALIDATION OF THE INTENDED DEVELOPMENT INTERVENTION ........................................................11
4.1 RELEVANCE ...................................................................................................................................12
4.2 COMPATIBILITY...............................................................................................................................13
4.3 FEASIBILITY ...................................................................................................................................13
4.4 SUSTAINABILITY ..............................................................................................................................14
4.5 RISK ANALYSIS ................................................................................................................................16
5. ANALYSIS OF THE LOGICAL FRAMEWORK, PROGRAMME MANAGEMENT, ORGANIZATIONAL AND
ADMINISTRATIVE ARRANGEMENTS ...........................................................................................................17
5.1 LOGICAL FRAMEWORK AND PROGRAMME CYCLE..........................................................................................17
5.2 CALL FOR PROPOSALS ...........................................................................................................................17
5.3 ORGANIZATIONAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE ARRANGEMENTS.............................................................................18
6. PROPOSED COMMUNICATION STRATEGY OF THE EEP .......................................................................19
7. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .........................................................................................19
LIST OF REFERENCES ...................................................................................................................................22
LIST OF PERSONS INTERVIEWED .................................................................................................................26

List of Annexes

ANNEX 1. TERMS OF REFERENCE

ANNEX 2. ANALYSIS OF THE LOGFRAME
ANNEX 3.QUESTIONNAIRE FOR GROUP INTERVIEWS
ANNEX 4. TECHNOLOGY FOCUS OF EEP ANDEAN REGION
ANNEX 5. COMPARISON OF HOST ALTERNATIVES FOR EEP ANDEAN REGION
ANNEX 6. PROJECT CYCLE FOR EEP ANDEAN REGION
ANNEX 7. RISKS PER TECHNOLOGY
ANNEX 8. TOR FOR PROGRAMME COORDINATOR AND NATIONAL COORDINATORS
ANNEX 9. EXAMPLE OF CONCEPT NOTE EVALUATION FORM OF THE EU
 Abbreviations/list of acronyms

Acquaire Energía Renovable y Desarrollo Sostenible

AEA Alianza en Energía y Ambiente.
AEA-AC Alianza en Energía y Ambiente con Centroamérica.
AECID Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional al Desarrollo
AGECI Agencia Ecuatoriana de Cooperación Internacional
AIDESEP Asociación Interétnica de Desarrollo de la Selva Peruana
ANDEA Alianza Andina en Energía y Ambiente
APER Asociación Peruana de Energías Renovables
AR Andean Region
BID Interamerican Development Bank / Banco Interamericano de
Desarrollo
CAF Andean Development Cooperation/ Corporación Andina de
Fomento
CAN Andean Community / Comunidad Andina
CBE Cámara Boliviana de Electricidad
CC Climate Change
CDM Clean Development Mechanisms
CEDETI Centro de Tecnología Intermedia
CENERGIA Centro de Conservación de Energía y Ambiente
CER – UNI Centro de Energías Renovables y Uso Racional de la Energía –
Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería
CIE Corporación para la Investigación Energética
CINCA Centro de Investigación y Promoción del Campesinado
COICA Coordinadora de las Organizaciones Indígenas de la Cuenca
Amazónica
Colciencias Instituto Colombiano para el Desarrollo de las Ciencias y la
Tecnología
CONACAMI Confederación Nacional de Comunidades del Perú Afectadas por
la Minería
CONAIE Confederación de Nacionalidades Indígenas de Ecuador
CONCOPE Consorcio de Consejo Provinciales
CONCYTEC Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología
CorpoICA Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria
COSUDE Cooperación Suiza para el Desarrollo
COVILLA Villa de los Ingenieros
CPTS Centro de Promoción de Tecnologías Sostenibles
CUNA Red de Desarrollo Sostenible y Medioambiente
DED Deutscher Entwicklungsdienst
EEP Energy and Environment Partnership
ENDEV Programa Mundial Energising Development
EPM Empresas Públicas de Medellín
EPN Escuela Politécnica Nacional
ESCOs Energy Service Companies
ESPE Escuela Superior Politécnica del Ejercito
ESPOCH Escuela Superior Politécnica del Chimborazo
ESPOL Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral
EU European Union
FEDETA Fundación Ecuatoriana de Tecnología Apropiada

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FOMIN Fondo Multilateral de Inversiones
FONAM Fondo Nacional Ambiental
GHGs Greenhouse gases
GRIN Grupo de Investigación en Mecanismo de Desarrollo Limpio y
Gestión Energética
GRUPO Grupo de Apoyo al Sector Rural
GTZ Cooperación Alemana al Desarrollo
I&D Investigación y Desarrollo / Research and Development
ICI Instrumento de Cooperación Institucional / Inter-institutional
Development Cooperation
IDEAM Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales
IIAP Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana
IICA Instituto Interamericano de Cooperación para la Agricultura
IPSE Instituto de Planificación y Promoción de Soluciones Energéticas
para las Zonas no Interconectadas
ISAGEN Energía Productiva
ITDG Intermediate Technology Development Group
ITT Ishpingo - Tiputini - Tambococha – Iniciativa Yasuní
MADR Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural
MAVDT Ministerio de Ambiente, Vivienda y Desarrollo Territorial
MCPEC Ministerio de Coordinación de la Producción, Empleo y
Competitividad
MCPNC Ministerio Coordinador de Patrimonio Natural y Cultural
MEER Ministerio de Electricidad y Energías Renovables
MFA Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland
MFE Mecanismo Financiero para la Energización
MINAG Ministerio de Agricultura
MINAM Ministerio de Ambiente
MMAyA Ministerio de Medioambiente y Agua
MRE Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores
NGO Non Govermental Organization
OAI – MAVDT Oficina de Asuntos Internacionales
OLADE Organización Latinoamericana de Energía
ONUDI Organización de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo Industrial
PD Project Document
RCU Regional Coordination Unit
REDLAC Red de Fondos Ambientales de América Latina y el Caribe
SENPLADES Secretaría Nacional de Planificación y Desarrollo
SG-SICA Secretaría General del Sistema de la Integración Centroamericana
SICA Sistema de la Integración Centroamericana
SIMACO Centro de Investigación y Promoción del Campesinado
UE Unión Europea
UMSA Universidad Mayor de San Andrés
UNDP United Nations Development Program
UPME Unidad de Planeación Minero Energética
VEEA Viceministerio de Electricidad y Energía Alternativas
WAIRA Energía y Viento

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 Executive Summary

The Government of Finland and its development partners have established a series of
initiatives known as the Energy and Environment Partnership (EEP). The aim of the EEP is to
promote Renewable Energy (RE) and Energy Efficiency (EE) as viable alternatives to meet
energy demands in developing countries. The EEP further aims to contribute towards
sustainable development, the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, and the mitigation of the
effects of global climate change.

The Finnish Development Cooperation intends to launch an EEP within the Andean region
(AR). This report summarises the findings and conclusions of the four week appraisal mission
as part of a series of assignments for the identification and planning of the proposed EEP.

The overall objective of the appraisal is to asses the viability for the EEP. The appraisal will
further consider the potential development impacts of the proposed intervention and provide
the basis for final decisions on implementation and funding. A further specific objective is to
suggest improvements and revisions for the Programme Document.

The main findings are that the Partnership Programme on Energy and Environment is a useful
and welcomed intervention, helping the target countries to accomplish the Millenium
Development Goals (MDGs) to strengthen environmental sustainability and thereby reduce
the effects of climate change. Virtually all respondents, 175 persons in over 110 organizations,
agree on this conclusion. The Programme relevance, compatibility and feasibility are more or
less secured, as well as the sustainability, but not without conditions. The logical framework
shows that the set objectives, goals and activities are verifiable and measurable.

The EEP project cycle considers the cross-cutting development issues emphasised by Finnish
Development Cooperation policy. Particular emphasis is placed on the environment, gender
and vulnerable groups as they share an intimate relationship with energy demand in
developing countries. The report further considers that the EEP could achieve greater
effectiveness by closely following the expectations established under the Paris Declaration.
Emphasis on capacity building within developing countries remains a priority for the Finnish
Development Cooperation and this is further reinforced by the EEP.

The debate surrounding the formulation of the EEP in the Project Document (PD) remains
open with strong opinions on the preferred host institution. IICA is highlighted as a competent
agricultural institution however it lacks the required relevant energy experience. IICA is
familiar with the pricing of biofuels however lacks expertise on development issues in
relation to large biomass plantations for local communities and energy efficiency and energy
policy making.

The appraisal mission has given attention to potential alternative host organizations and has
considered the different positions held by the Embassy of Finland in Lima regarding the host
organization, the Executive Committee organization, and other organisational aspects of the
proposed programme. After careful scrutiny of several candidates, the appraisal mission
considers that OLADE is a preferable host organization. CAF and the IICA and IADB are
also alternatives within reach, each of them stating an interest in that role. If IICA is selected
as the host organization, the appraisal suggests conditions that aim to alleviate risks and to
promote the EEP philosophy and practice in the host organization.

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The appraisal recognises that the proposed EEP aims to achieve a large organizational
capacity and structure with little funding. Furthermore the plan to have 8 ministries working
together in 4 countries is ambitious as even national cooperation in one single country proves
challenging. The chairing role of the MFA could be interpreted as a form of paternalism which
is banned under the Paris Declaration. This may result in the downgrading of national
representations in the Executive Committee. The appraisal proposes that the EEP can achieve
more effective participation through a voice/no-vote role for the Ministry, and a more
pronounced role in the preparation of Executive Committee (EC) meetings.

The appraisal further comments that Finnish companies and industries could play a significant
role within the context of the programme. Many Finnish companies and industries are
interested in matchmaking and cooperation with national companies and
research/development organizations, potentially joining the cooperation with a specific
approach.

Finally, the appraisal has taken longer than anticipated and this report is longer than originally
planned. The appraisal mission has tried to cover different aspects related to the host
organization, technology selection focus, demand analysis with regard to final beneficiaries,
and view on the needs of the poor and especially the native groups. In addition, the mission
found too little substance to be able to predict risks and chances on success, resulting in
substantive efforts to improve the work done as the EEP idea was and is a good idea.
.

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 1. Introduction

The Government of Finland and its development partners have developed a series of Energy and
Environment Partnership (EEP) initiatives e.g. in the Mekong Region, South Africa, Indonesia and
Vietnam, to promote Renewable Energy (RE) and Energy Efficiency (EE) as viable options to meet
energy demands in developing countries. Through dedicated research, pilot projects, matchmaking,
training and dissemination of experiences, the EEP aims to contribute towards sustainable
development, to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and the mitigation of the effects of
global climate change.

This report summarises the findings and conclusions of the Appraisal Mission to assess the Andean
Region Energy and Environment Partnership (hereafter Andean EEP or EEP; Alianza Andina en
Energía y Ambiente, ANDEA, in Spanish) proposed by the Finnish Development Cooperation. The
overall objective of the appraisal is to assess the setting of the proposed EEP, its viability and the
potential development impact. A further specific objective is to suggest improvements and revisions
to the Programme Document.

This report is the result of a four week mission to the Andean region with over 175 interviews with
relevant stakeholders. In accordance with the Terms of References, the Inception Report, and the
specific guidance from the Ministry for Foreign Affairs (MFA) of Finland, the report summarises
the methodology, general findings and validation process and presents specific conclusions and
recommendations. The methodology used in the consultation is presented in chapter 2; key findings
of the appraisal are described in chapter 3, and suggestions for the improvement and organizational
set-up for the intervention are described in Chapter 4, after which the conclusions and
recommendations close the report. The analysis of the log frame, evaluation of potential host
organizations, and a comparison of main issues regarding energy technologies are presented in the
Annexes. The updated Programme Document (PD) of the Andean EEP as well as the draft job
descriptions of the TA team are submitted separately.

The appraisal would not have been possible without the active and positive cooperation with a
number of organisations and interviewed persons in the countries visited, and without the tireless
support from the MFA of Finland and its Embassy in Lima.

2. Methodology of the appraisal mission

The scope and methodology of the Appraisal Mission has been based upon the Tender proposal
(March 2010), briefing meeting at the MFA (March 2010), and the Inception Report (April 2010).
The briefing meeting, held in Helsinki, provided further guidance on the objectives and more
detailed instructions about the tasks of the mission. Subsequently, the Inception Report was written
by the mission and commented by the MFA (April 2010).

The methodology for the implementation of the mission includes i) analysis of the Finnish
Development Cooperation objectives; ii) briefing meetings with the MFA in Helsinki and the
Embassy of Finland in Lima; iii) interviews with organizations and resource persons in the five
countries and analysis of the documents received, iv) analysis of the obtained information,
formulation of conclusions and recommendations, and v) review and adjustment of the information
in the Project Document.

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The main results are a finalized and updated Programme Document based on the appraisal
outcomes and consultations with the partners, and a draft of the job descriptions/TOR for the TA
team.

During the Appraisal Mission five countries were visited: Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador
and Peru. The mission was accompanied by the Cooperation Counsellor of the Finnish Embassy in
Lima.

Meetings were held with entities and persons considered important for understanding the context
and expectations set for the program. The list of persons interviewed can be found in Annex 10. The
main objective was to find out the perception of the proposed program in the target groups and how
they perceive the goals and outcomes to be achieved. Additionally, the skills and commitment of the
proposed host entity (IICA) were validated and alternative host organizations were contacted and
met. Finally, an effort was made to identify entities or programmes that are developing or executing
similar initiatives.

Interviews were held with several counter parts including Government Organizations, private
sector, academic organizations, Non-Govermental Organizations, indigenous groups, international
cooperation organizations, research centres, and Andean organization (CAN). The interviews were
semi-structured, i.e. based on a set of core questions. As the dialogue unfolded, new questions were
inserted or comments made aiming at clarifying the perceptions of the discussion partners. Some
stakeholders such as NGOs and universities were interviewed in the form of group discussions,
which were more strictly led by the Mission, following a structured questionnaire (see
Questionnaire, Annex 3).

3. Key Findings: summary and conclusion of meetings in the countries

The interviewed representatives agreed on the importance of the objectives and results of the EEP.
They stressed that the themes of RE and EE are of greater importance for the policies and actions of
the governments as reflected in norms, regulations and plans. Furthermore these energy goals are
resulting in changes in the energy matrices, which are associated with climate change mitigation
measures. In addition cross-cutting issues such as women and children rights, sustainability, rights
of vulnerable groups like indigenous groups and supporting the countries in reaching the
Millennium Development Goals, were highly valued.

RE and EE have become relevant policy goals in the region during the last years, in particular in
relation to the increasing fuel prices, climate change threats and an increasing environmental
awareness on behalf of citizens. The respondents agreed on a multitude of barriers preventing the
utilization of alternative energy sources, such as the disadvantageous price per kW-installed
capacity for a range of RE options, high subsidies to fossil fuels, deficient RE and EE research and
missing incentives for EE among others. Moreover, although the existing national regulations
recognise the importance of RE and EE, participating countries don’t have in place mechanisms to
support the development and market penetration of these technologies.

3.1 Energy policy and legal framework in the four countries

The four countries within the proposed EEP are currently taking steps to transform their energy
matrix in efforts to reduce the dependency on fossil fuels, to mitigate the adverse effects of climate
change, and to lower exposure to the fluctuation of fuel prices. The changes include the
development and use of alternative energy sources/technologies and the development of energy

8
efficient practices. This desired change is expressed in the constitution, National Plans and
Strategies of the four countries identified below.

In Bolivia, the National Development Plan “Plan Nacional de Desarrollo” identifies 4 policy
orientations for the electricity sector: i) Development of electricity infrastructure, ii) Increase
electricity service coverage in urban and rural areas, iii) Guarantee the energy independence, and iv)
Consolidate state participation and social equality in the development of the electricity industry.
Despite this emphasis it is recognised that a clear legal framework is missing and still pending
(CEDLA, 2009).
In Colombia, law 697 of 2001 promotes the rational and efficient use of energy and the utilization
of alternative energy sources. The law established a commission for the rational and efficient use of
energy and non-conventional energy sources (Comisión Intersectorial para el Uso Racional y
Eficiente de la Energía y Fuentes No Convencionales de Energía, CIURE), and the National
Development Plan 2006-2010 (DNP, 2007: 213) anticipates energy projects in non-electrified
zones, based on alternative energy sources which should contribute to; (1) the replication of
solutions in the non-interconnected zones; and (2) promotion of the substitution of the current
generation capacity by technologies using alternative energy sources.

In Ecuador, the RE and EE are highlighted in the new Constitution adopted in 2008 (Art. 413), and
in the National Development Plan, by promoting the development and use of environmentally and
health friendly technologies such as RE sources. Ecuador aims to diversify energy supply and
reduce environmental impacts without jeopardising food security, ecosystem balance, or clean water
supplies.

Peru, although not having a Government approved Development Plan, the country has established
an energy policy in 2008, and recently prepared the Energy Policy Proposal of Peru (Propuesta de
Política Energética de Estado - Perú 2010-2040, Mayo 2010), emphasizing the diversification of
the energy matrix to promote: (i) the execution of energy projects in isolated rural areas, (ii)
efficient utilization of energy, and (iii) the need for highly specialized personnel and the importance
of a shared vision among various actors in the public (consumers) and the private sector of Peruvian
society.

The thematic approach of the EEP is also foreseen in the Environmental Andean Agenda - “Agenda
Ambiental Andina 2006 – 2010” - promoted by the CAN1, with a thematic line on Climate Change
focusing on RE and EE.
The visions expressed in the national Constitutions, National Plans and Strategies of the four
countries are designed to generate positive externalities on the environment and consequently in
social issues within the society. It is important to highlight the emphasis within these plans to
support native indigenous communities; this position remains very strong in Bolivia and Ecuador
and is reflected in the recently adopted constitutions.

3.2 Identified barriers for RE and EE

Results from the consultation process, and analysis of available literature identifies specific barriers
for RE and EE in the four countries within the Andean region as follows:

Conventional energy is highly subsidized which prevents the competitive positioning of

RE. Governments are reluctant to increase tariffs on conventional energy

1
http://www.comunidadandina.org/public/libro_agenda_ambiental2.pdf

9
 In the identified countries of the Andean region, RE and EE initiatives do not receive
subsides. One major consequence of this is the absence of SME's and ESCO's in the
industrial sub sector. Such enterprises are deterred from the sector due to the burden of
costs associated with development (or import) of technologies, marketing and sales
services

Institutional cooperation between ministries of Environment and those of Energy and

Mines is usually limited and sometimes opposed to the development of RE and EE (as in
Bolivia and Peru)

Energy solutions in local communities do not take into consideration the level of technical
training and knowledge needed in the communities. i.e., complicated proposals often prove
to be unsustainable

Lack of understanding on the importance of establishing energy balances within the

production processes of industries and companies

Entrepreneurial preference to use available investment resources for production extension

rather than for energy efficiency improvement (reducing production costs)

Limited resource assignation to applied research and technological development impedes

the promotion, development and application of EE strategies

Given these barriers and the outcomes of discussions with representatives within the energy sector,
it is concluded that the EEP should be supportive to the development areas, and this should focus on
rural areas in the high Andes and the Amazon, with possible projects supporting the poor in peri-
urban areas.

3.3 Biomass energy

Biomass as renewable energy source derives from living or recently living organisms, including
waste from agriculture, wood industry and biodegradable waste. Currently, fuel wood is the most
significant source of energy used to produce heat in households and rural communities. This means
that improved stoves are a good possibility to reduce the pressure on the environment, while
contributing to gender and health aspects. Agricultural waste in the rural areas can be used in direct
burning processes such as pyrolysis, gasification and anaerobic digestors. These technologies and
projects can result in RE electricity sources replacing subsidized diesel and at the same time
become communities may become independent of subsidized fuels.

Liquid biofuels (bioethanol and biodiesel) can be produced also sustainably based on waste streams
without having bearing on food security or biodiversity. Liquid biofuels (bioethanol and biodiesel)
have a potential if the right circumstances are met and if based on national priorities. In Colombia
and Peru biofuels initiatives are somewhat developed, and in Ecuador the topic is under discussion,
while in Bolivia the topic is controversial. The fundamental concerns are: i) lack of knowledge
about some crops life cycles, ii) risks for food security, iii) spreading of the agricultural borders
with the resulting deterioration of the native plant coverage.

Among the environmental and social consequences of bioethanol and biodiesel promotion one has
to distinguish between industrial plantations aimed at producing biofuels for export and small-scale
production to cover the local needs. Representatives of indigenous organizations met in Peru stated
that they do not wish biofuels in the form of plantations, as 'energy access' is not worth changing

1
their lifestyles. Furthermore, the Confederación de Nacionalidades Indígenas de Ecuador (Conaie)
proposed in 2008 the mandate for food sovereignty and the declaration of Ecuador as a territory free
of agro-biofuels.

3.4 Other International Cooperation initiatives

Various energy initiatives exist within the Andean region in relation to mitigation programmes and
adaptation to CC. The Government of the United States, through USAID, supports the initiative
“Energy for the Americas”, a USD 3.5 M clean energy project which seeks to strengthen the
capacity of NGOs, associations, the private sector, financial institutions, and public entities working
in the energy arena, including state and federal regulatory bodies in Peru and Colombia. The IADB
(www.iadb.org) promotes the “Sustainable Energy and Climate Change Initiative” (SECCI) around
the provision of comprehensive options in areas related to the energy, transportation, water and
environmental sectors, and the “Clean Technology Fund” (CTF); a study on the barriers for RE is
foreseen in 2010. The Dutch Cooperation assists with wind energy, wood gas production, energy
efficiency and electricity payment mechanisms in Colombia. The Andean Development
Corporation (Corporación Andina de Fomento, CAF, www.caf.com) supports several programs
related to RE and EE. These include “Sustainable Energy Program”; “Renewable Energies and
Energy Efficiency Program” (ER/EE, CAF/KfW a low interest credit programme supporting wind,
solar, geothermal, biomass, bio-fuels, hydropower and EE options); ”Latin American Carbon”;
“Clean and Alternative Energies Program” (PLAC+e); and Funding Program for Clean Energy
Projects (PROPEL). CAF participates in energy alliances with OLADE, EC, IADB, GTZ, REEEP
and several donor governments. Further information about CAF’s capacities in the RE/EE sector is
given in Annex 5.

The Latin American Organization for Energy (OLADE, www.olade.org) assists with the
development of RE sources and environmental protection, by supporting the “Rural Electrification
project” which considers the implementation of pilot projects in Bolivia, Guatemala, Guyana and
Paraguay. OLADE participates in several energy programmes such as Productive use of energy for
rural poor’, CDM and energy capacity building, Renewable Energy Observatory, Latin American
Carbon Forum, Development of institutional frameworks for EE, etc. Further information about
OLADE’s capacities in the RE/EE sector is given in Annex 5.
In Colombia, the Netherlands created a 12 Million Euro Fund (in place since 2008) which is
focusing on the same types of projects as the EEP. Here it might be considered to combine financial
resources or to define technologies and/or regions to prevent overlapping. The earlier approach is
advisable as it gives an instant start to EEP and it reduces EEP's marginal costs to a considerable
extent. The UN in Colombia is another donor which is also active in the energy and environment.
However the UN projects are still in the early stages and lack a programmatic format.

GTZ, COSUDE, AGECI, European Union, DANIDA, JICA and others promote bilateral energy
and climate initiatives in different sectors. Some of the interviewed respondents indicated that there
is a lack of knowledge about what the donors are assisting. This highlights the importance of
promoting effective communication in efforts to share, organise and disseminate information
regarding the initiatives.

4. Validation of the Intended Development Intervention

In the context of the development situation in the 4 countries, and in relation to the objectives of the
Finnish Development Cooperation Policy (2007), the validation of the Andean EEP can be
fragmented to analyse the energy sectors. Four criteria are used for the validation; relevance,

1
feasibility, sustainability and compatibility. The recommendations from the evaluation of the EEP
Central America are taken into account and will be reflected in the adaptations of the PD. The
objective of the validation exercise is to understand what is needed for the introduction of RE and
EE, how Finland can contribute, and how this reflect the Development Objectives?

4.1 Relevance

Relevance is based upon a proper demand analysis as identified by the description of a baseline
situation. The demand refers to the needs of the final beneficiaries in target groups. For example, do
they need energy more than other basic needs and is renewable energy the best solution to their
needs?

In the formulation of the programme the relevance has been based on discussions with ministries in
the 4 countries. The Mission extended the consultations by meeting grass root organizations, NGOs
working with the target groups, potential beneficiaries, energy sector companies, energy service
companies (ESCO's), universities, and indigenous organizations.

Based upon these interviews the Mission concludes that EEP is responding to demands of the final
beneficiaries in all four countries. The Mission met several of the main national energy experts in
each country, thus tapping their valued visions on what is currently needed in the energy sectors of
the Andean countries. The programme set-up was seen as a potential contribution to overcoming
barriers to RE and EE and thus as an instrument contributing to combating climate change and in
most cases as a way to induce economic development.

The EEP as a demand-driven intervention has been secured through the participation of
beneficiaries in the consultations during the formulation of the programme and in the consultations
done by the mission.

The relevance of EEP is also dependent on the level of integration of local actors (authorities,
private sector and communities) in the actions foreseen. Dialogues have to emerge between these
actors and the authorities in charge of EE policies. Proposed interventions have to fit in national,
regional and sometimes local planning and the relevant authorities should express their support to
the activity. EEP can contribute to this integration if functioning well. The development of RE and
EE options can emerge producing technologies, equipment and systems, thereby generating job
opportunities and contributing to poverty alleviation. Moreover, every kWh generated with RE or
saved in EE measures is decreasing the Climate Change potential of electricity generation, thus
serving the dual purpose of environment conservation and poverty alleviation.

Regarding EE the situation is clear: EE in the four countries is hardly developed and is among the
lowest of the world. The energy needed for one unit of product in industry is way above the average
in OECD countries. This leads to higher costs and lower quality of many products and thus to low
degrees of competitiveness in the world market. Energy efficiency measures in the sectors of
building and construction, industry, agriculture, transport and others are almost absent in the
countries. Governments do not have stimulating policies in place; specialized EE institutions do
exist, but they are mostly engaged in energy use measurement and only non-investment
improvements are implemented, as usually production extension is preferred above investment in
cost minimization.

The Mission concludes that the EEP approach regarding RE and EE is relevant both to the countries
involved as well as to implementation of the main Development Cooperation objectives of Finland,
to combating both Climate Change and poverty.

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 4.2 Compatibility

Compatibility measures the extent to which the goals of Finland’s development cooperation policy,
or partner country’s development policy, are taken into account throughout planning and
implementation. Compatibility of the programme in the 4 countries is judged on the effectiveness of
programme implementation and the relationship of policy orientations with development policies.

Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSPs) have been defined in the four countries, with Ecuador
and Bolivia commencing the “Well Living Plans” (Plan de Buen Vivir) programme and with
Ecuador assigning goals to provide electricity to the entire country by 2025. Discussions with the
relevant ministries in each of the countries can strengthen groups and/or areas for the EEP to focus
upon, in order to ensure that EEP contributes to the policy objectives of these governments. The
regional character of the EEP can be further act as a template at the national level for countries who
do not adopt.

Environmental policies show greatest progress in Peru, Colombia and Ecuador. These countries
recognise national park areas and have established specific institutions, policies and regional
networks collaborating on CC, CDM and REDD. In Colombia and Peru public transport is
rationalized with investments in free bus lanes (Bogota and Lima) and cycle roads (Lima).
Legislation initiatives appear in several areas, for example the introduction of natural gas in Bolivia
and Peru, but are absent in others like in industry, transport and agriculture. Energy efficient lamps
(CFL) have also been introduced in some countries like Peru and Bolivia.

EEP is compatible with Finland’s development policy (Development Policy Programme, 2007) by
addressing sustainable sources of energy and promoting the cooperation with the private sector.
Furthermore this can provide work and income for the local population within the targeted country
and contribute towards the mitigation of climate change impacts.

Energy projects have a positive impact on the livelihoods of women and children. They alleviate the
necessity for firewood collection thereby creating time for education and studying. Furthermore
energy projects will facilitate access and utilisation of lighting and communication technologies
such as internet and mobile phone. This also leads to more time efficient and productive activities
such as sewing clothes and preservation of food. In-house air quality can also improve dramatically
along with homestead heating conditions. However, it is important to analyze these expected
impacts on transversal themes in the project design stage (criterion in the evaluation grids of project
proposals) and to monitor these impacts during execution and upon completion to ensure that they
are fully achieved.

The logical framework highlights the connection between goals of the Finnish Development
Cooperation, the intended activities, indicators and the underlying assumptions and risks (see Annex
2). It is concluded that compatibility between the demands in the four countries, the Finnish
Development Objectives, and the transversal themes will exist.

4.3 Feasibility

To ensure feasibility of the programme an approach focused upon RE technologies, their level of
development, their use in the national energy mix, and their characteristics to cover the specific
energy demands of the beneficiaries, should be taken in consideration. In this way the EEP can
promote the application of RE technologies.

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In terms of EE, a distinction should be made between industrial and small-scale production. The
former requires a facilitating environment with regulations, subsidies, tax rebates and financing
arrangements. In contrast, the informal economy of all four countries is a large job-generator:
Family businesses and vendors are non-organized, and spontaneous operations are often located in
the street without a permanent location. In many of these sub sectors outdated technologies are
used, resulting in air, water and soil pollution. This informal group may be reached by NGO's
supported by the EEP.

The desire to attract Finnish industries in the EEP would imply a major promotion of the
partnerships through existing matchmaking channels like Finnpartnership, Finnfund and FINPRO.
Finnish companies have expressed interest in the development and/research of RE options. Thus,
the added value of Finnish Development Cooperation in the Andean region may be enhanced by the
introduction of technology solutions developed and researched in Finland. A focus on the social
needs for service technology choices becomes opportune. In some of these choices Finland has
excellent state of the art technology to offer.

The Finnish added value can be found in the EEP initiative as such, for example, while other donors
leave the region, or divert their attention to other issues. Cooperation between the Regional
Coordinator and the Economic Attaché of the Embassy can enhance chances of an increasing
number of Finnish industries locating the big economies in the Andean region.

Project definition, assessment and evaluation of the EEP, however, is hindered by concerns over
IICA as a host institution for the partnership. IICA has little experience in the energy sector and
lacks adequate knowledge and experience on energy efficiency and energy policy instruments. IICA
is new to issues of energy project complexity, energy problems and RE technological innovation, a
concern echoed by respondents. The absent of sectoral recognition will not help the influx of
effective projects from renown energy institutions. Furthermore, IICA is missing the necessary links
to local and national energy authorities. The capacity to manage EEP administratively is beyond
doubt, though varying per IICA office. It is not a mere question of capacity building at IICA but
equally a question of being perceived as an effective and specialised institution.

Upon questioning IICA in relation to attracting an energy specialist, there was resistance to the very
senior energy specialists that the mission proposed for the work. It was argued that younger
professionals could do the job, thereby disregarding the political and policy networks required to
make EEP a success. RE and EE capacity building at IICA will require several months which can be
further supported by providing adequate TA resources on specific themes. Time allocation within
the ongoing institutional agricultural programmes requires further clarity. RE and EE capacity
building at IICA will require several months of staff time, overlapping with the ongoing
institutional agricultural programmes. No clarification of solutions to this has been given.

Feasibility of EEP, understood as ability to cover needs of the final beneficiaries, to develop RE and
EE, and to cover the Finnish Development Objectives, exists. Projects including NGOs, universities
and the private sector actors are likely to result in collaboration with a renowned energy institution
hosting the EEP.

4.4 Sustainability

Sustainability can be applied to both the projects and to the institutionalized capacity increase in the
energy sector. On the economical and financial sustainability, the projects awarded are hopefully
gaining sustainability because of achieving impacts in relation to the interventions beyond the

1
subsidization stage.

Sustainability may be enhanced if energy policy development and execution can be influenced. It
would be a great success if in Peru for instance the compensation for installed RE capacity would
be increased to market-conformity levels so that private investors would invest in further wind or
solar energy. Furthermore in Bolivia, if the barriers for the utilisation of biomass for electricity
production would be taken down, at least 20MW of installed generation capacity could be directly
developed. This would have multiplication potential in both countries resulting in several projects
taking off.

Only limited actions are planned in the RE sector by NGO's like Energetica in Bolivia and the
universities in Peru and Ecuador due to lack of resources. In Colombia RE projects are government
instigated and channelled via IPSE, with few successful projects to date. The NGOs and universities
have developed several strategies (notably in Peru, Bolivia and Ecuador) which aim to result in
more sustainable projects if the right conditions are created. The EEP is open to create these
conditions as it can take a proportion of the pre-investment costs which is currently inadequately
developed in the 4 countries as many respondents have indicated. Increasing investments will
depend on circumstantial policy making: i.e. the practices of heavy subsidization of commercial
fuels in all countries, the volatility of the oil prices and the need for social policy (through
subsidization of energy prices) determine the future of RE investments more than the objective need
for these technologies. It is worthwhile to note that Europe has also launched RE initiatives which
have been and are subsidized and supported with a range of policy instruments (as is the case in
Spain, Germany, Denmark and the Netherlands among others).

With a clear and limited focus on RE and EE the sustainability of the programme can be enhanced.
This can be expected if:

The Call for Proposals can be made more focused resulting in less diversification of projects and
their higher quality.
The need for specific knowledge will be narrowed in RE and EE which may result in the
development of RE sub sectors (as has been done in Nepal, Viet Nam and other countries) in
which SME's emerge and banks and the state also participates.
The EEP takes into account environmental sustainability and climate change mitigation, in the
first place through the objectives, goals and activities to be selected, as described in the PD.
However, the selection criteria are not clearly defined so far, and will be treated in the improved
PD.

Given the resistance in some sectors in the region regarding the use of biofuels these should be
approached with reservation. The guiding text in the Call for Proposals has to be precise on what is
looked after in terms of environmental sustainability, and monitoring should address ways to assess
climate change projects in accordance with UNFCCC manuals.

It is concluded that sustainability of the programme’s results can be reached by the proper choice of
a host organization which is able to integrate the lessons learned in its vision and procedures. Also
the governments need to embrace a stronger commitment to RE in order to facilitate a more
conducive environment for RE and EE. On the market side sustainability is already taken up in the
newer models for development intervention. Banks and electricity companies should be made
responsive to the financial needs of RE and EE and governments might give special attention to
rural electrification of the vast rural areas of the Andes, thus tapping financial resources and
knowledge regarding energy. In the current set up project sustainability can not be expected.

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 4.5 Risk analysis

The risks for the EEP are associated with political, financial and organizational issues (for more
details on technical risks see Annex 7).

A general risk is in the organizational structure of the EEP, where different ministers are expected to
cooperate at the regional level. Often ministries have difficulties to cooperate at national level,
especially when overlapping mandates/policies exist (especially the case between long-established
ministries of Energy and Mines and recent ones like Environment). In addition to these risks there
are political differences between the countries in the region, which may hinder cooperation. In these
circumstances cooperation is not given and cannot be enforced by Finland.

If there are emerging political problems during the EEP meetings the role of the chair of the
meeting becomes complex. For example, the regional organization CAN could decline the voting
right, in order to avoid the position of being the decisive vote. The same could apply for the
Government of Finland, if being the chair. Therefore, it is recommended to give the voting rights to
the ministries only, and to rotate chairing the meetings among them. This would give due account to
the Paris Declaration in which developing countries should be given a stronger say in the
development interventions. In addition, a no-vote and no-chair position allows Finland to play a role
at informal negotiation in and outside the meeting if it comes to sensitive points.

Given the objective of the EEP, the ideal outcome would be if the set up of the Executive
Committee, with two national representatives, one from CAN, and also Finland is maintained and
that ministers will be representing. This guarantees the highest political weight in each country. It
should be made attractive for the ministers to participate in the meetings. A mission of National
Ministers to Finland would facilitate direct access and contacts within the Andean region for
Finnish industries. The possible downgrading of representation in the meeting (to director level for
instance) will not help the intervention philosophy to fulfil its potential.

Financial risks are limited, though a serious fall of the value of the Euro would make the EEP Euro
budget substantially lower in local currency.

The organizational risk is substantial in case that EEP is institutionalised in IICA. The
organizational risk of running two programmes of the same magnitude (the Forestry Programme
and the EEP) doubles the risk if IICA does not live up to expectations. Especially in the EEP case,
with little energy knowledge available in the institute, this risk is substantial. Narrow description of
tasks, the appointment of senior energy experience in key positions of the National Coordinator in
each country, eligibility of projects and technologies and an early midterm review are partial
solutions to that as is the delivery of a working plan by the host organization before issuing an
agreement.

Programmatic risks relate to bioenergy and targets of the funding. The eligibility of bioenergy could
promote an overload of projects of this type under IICA as the topic is closest to their mandate. The
definition of specific technologies in each country is safeguarding for that potential danger. Another
programmatic risk is that EEP may support many studies, but that few result in projects (as is the
case in Central America). Clear agreements and a certain level of own proponent contribution is to
safeguard for this potential weakness.

The energy technologies have different stages of maturation, implying several degrees of risks.
These risks apply to both the technology risks of improper technical solutions, financial risks as

1
they are too expensive to be sustainable or organizational risks if the degree of organization of the
host is insufficient to guarantee sustainability. In Annex 7 there are a number of risks outlined per
technology. Some of these risks can be object of studies as they represent serious barriers for that
technology.

5. Analysis of the Logical framework, programme management,

organizational and administrative arrangements

5.1 Logical framework and programme cycle

The Logical framework gives the overview the programme. The general and specific objectives are
related to indicators which should allow the identification of the programme impacts. The indicators
need to be described in terms of verification means. It is useful to analyse each objective in the
frame of perceived risks which may threaten the success of the programme. Risks are part of the
system in which the intervention is taking place, and there are external risks which resemble
characteristics a wider situation.

The logical framework shows the connection between goals of Finnish Development Cooperation,
the intended activities, indicators and the underlying assumptions and risks (Annex 2 presents the
analysis conducted).

The entire programme cycle results in Annex 6 with timelines and responsibility indicated per
activity. The total time needed for the approval cycle is estimated to be 20 weeks at the shortest.
This is less than half a year which is feasible in most circumstances. In fact, the most critical factor
is the number of proposals coming in. The Regional Coordinator has to have a feeling for the extent
of detail needed to make sure that the EEP is not overwhelmed with proposals.

5.2 Call for Proposals

The differences between countries is not large enough to affect the number of proposals that are
expected (with a good Call for Proposals (CfP) 15 proposals in EE and about 40 in RE may be
expected after a moderate communication strategy). These figure is based upon the tender of the EU
Energy Facility which issued a CfP and did some extensive marketing in Tanzania, Senegal and
Kenya where just over 30 proposals were submitted in each country. The CfP form of the EEP with
the Mekong region, resulting in 163 submitted proposals, may function as a template to be
sharpened. Taking into consideration the development of the energy sectors in the Andean region,
compared to these in the Mekong region, some 50 to 60 proposals may be expected for EEP Andes.

It is foreseen that the density of projects in the Andean region is going to be low because of the
larger area and the desire to have projects between 100.000 and 150.000 Euro each. This will make
the communication strategy of the Andean EEP more challenging than in the Central America EEP,
where 400 projects have been carried out so far.

Although no amount per country will be established, one might calculate that the 4 countries and 3
years' running time for the Andean EEP will result in about 500.000 Euro/country per year. With the
desired of 100.000 - 150.000 Euro per project, and 3-5 supported projects per country per year, a
low impact of the Andean EEP at national level is foreseen.

More important though is the fact that one MW wind energy installed costs over 1 M Euro, the
same easily goes for Hydro energy and Geothermic energy. It means that EEP has to be limited to

1
smaller energy technology interventions with lower visibility impact, or it has to be focused on
taking away institutional barriers for RE and EE instead. Smaller projects, however, require less
input and not sums of 100.000 to 150.000 Euro. For example: IICA Bolivia had a successful
programme of a total budget of 80.000 USD. With these resources, 40 (admittedly: non-energy)
projects have been established. Energy groups in Universities have annual budgets in the order of
Euro 15.000 to 60.000.

5.3 Organizational and administrative arrangements

In Annex 5 a number of host alternatives is brought together and analysed on 22 criteria relevant to
a host selection among which: content of experience, institutional performance, long term
programme experience, together with practicality, are the most important dimensions for the
comparison (see Annex 5).

If IICA becomes the EEP host organization, a number of conditions can be formulated which might
govern the negotiation and agreement with the organization: (a) making indicative planning and
budgets, (b) attracting senior energy specialists who have a profile of personal excellence
recognized in the energy sector and national policy circles, (c) preparing the first stages of the fund
establishment in the three months preceding contract signing, detailing on the goals to be reached in
the first months, half a year etc. covering the management of the programme and alternatives for the
situation that EEP does not have sufficient take off in terms of attracted projects, (d) preparation of
an Action Plan on how energy is going to be institutionalized in the organization in terms of
mandate, vision and objectives, with particular attention to prevent overlap with OLADE and other
energy and climate funds in the region, (e) agreement of their financial contribution of own
resources and personnel, and (f) Regional Management placed in Quito or La Paz as to
acknowledge the quality differences between the IICA offices.

The appraisal recognises that the proposed EEP is characterized by a heavy institutional body taking
a considerable part of the total EEP budget. Furthermore, the plan to have 8 ministries working
together in 4 countries as well as in the Executive EEP Committee is ambitious, as even national
cooperation in one single country proves challenging. The participation of Ministers might give
EEP a more authority character and the impacts on policy making and on relevant projects are more
likely to result. The chairing role of the MFA could be interpreted as a form of paternalism which is
banned under the Paris Declaration. This may result in the downgrading of national representation
in the Executive Committee. The appraisal proposes that the EEP can achieve more effective
participation through a voice/no-vote/no chair role for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and a more
pronounced role in the preparation of Executive Committee (EC) meetings. Finland might consider
a mission to the region by the Minister of Foreign Affairs to prepare for ministerial participation in
the Executive Committee.

The Mission proposes to raise the EEP budget to 12 million Euro, in order to allow for at least one
bigger project in each country, requiring 4 x 1,5 M Euro to bring about such projects. This will
enhance EEP visibility and ease communication strategies. This would place EEP on the map. In
Ecuador and Colombia a focus on major geothermal energy efforts could be enhanced in
cooperation with other investors.

The execution period is set to be three years. This is a very tight schedule which is a result of
procedural reasons within the MFA. The usual start up time for a fund to finance the first project is
around one year, though faster start-up is possible (e.g EEP Mekong) providing that the following
conditions exist:

1
 experienced managers and good coordination
optimum knowledge of the sector
proactive cooperation of the national authorities
experienced project developer and institutional set-up

6. Proposed Communication Strategy of the EEP

The objective of the Communication Strategy is to increase the visibility and presenting the
achievements of the programme to a wide audience. Since the project envisages efforts across
several fronts/countries and involves various stakeholders it is necessary to establish strong lines of
communication and information-sharing with all stakeholders, in order to coordinate activities
towards achieving the project results. Several measures can be thought of to bring Andean EEP
under the attention of the target groups.

The coordinators should take part in relevant national and international seminars and
congresses
A website in Spanish, Quetchua, Aymara, Finnish and English may be considered, the
first being obligatory, the remaining maybe on main issues with a clear indication of the
contact details.
The Finnish companies can be approached via the Finnish Embassy in Lima, e.g. the
Economic Attaché, creating new possibilities for the EEP. Moreover, the Embassy has a
concise brochure with at least 20 smaller and bigger companies relevant for RE and EE.
This folder can be sent to all the partners met by this and earlier missions. This will
further enhance awareness of Andean EEP’s existence and give a signal to the discussion
partners in the target group.
Articles can be written in relevant publications all over the region, such as information
bulletins of autochthonous peoples, Chambers of Commerce or Industry, etc.
For the CfP the National Coordinators can handpick project proposals by stimulating
certain projects with a very strong medium value such as changing regulations, which
will be made known by the pertinent ministry, thus using their information channels (See
Annex 13 for a list of potential projects).
National forums can be established for the user groups or other interested parties such as
universities, electricity sector, SMEs and banks. Forums can deal with specific topics
and can be organized through energy institutions with specific mandates. Here the main
information transfer for national project results to become regional experience may take
place, if properly managed.
The communication campaign should be taken up gradually with different approaches
and different levels of intensity.

7. Conclusions and recommendations

The establishment of the Andean EEP will contribute towards covering authentic demands in the 4
countries of interest. RE, EE and energy policy measures are identified as the most desirable focus
of the partnership. Also international cooperation agencies, both bilateral and multilateral, are
funding programs that consolidate this approach.

The Andean region countries are placing much emphasis on the progress towards the MDGs. The

1
EEP will contribute to the attainment of these goals within the fields that are relevant to it, including
poverty alleviation, combating the negative effects of climate change and supporting the
development of local communities. It may also result in lowering the pressure on native vegetation
caused by unsustainable energy practices.

The regional approach is giving a clear advantage as the four countries are at different stages of
energy technology use and development. The regional scope allows for quicker introduction curves
and efficient learning processes.

The validation of the EEP in terms of relevance has been established, and the compatibility needs to
be checked in each country where other donors are active in the same sector. The feasibility and
sustainability of EEP are in principle possible, but more difficult to guarantee with IICA as the host
organization. An analysis of other potential host organisations is presented in Annex 5, OLADE,
IADB and CAF being possible candidates.

The logical framework is clear and with verifiable goals and results. A timeline is given to the
project procedure (5 months maximum between project idea and project implementation) which is
acceptable in the field.

The fund is rather small for the vast region and its resources. The region would justify a bigger fund
of at least 12 Million Euro, allowing for one bigger project (1,5 million Euro) in each country on an
average, and at the same time diminishing the marginal costs of the Fund. The running time of 3
years is too short for a fund and it is recommended to have the mid-term evaluation after 20 months
on the basis of which an extension can be based for another three years. This would give a clear
signal to the field that the Finnish interest is a long term one.

If IICA becomes the EEP host organization, a number of conditions can be formulated which might
govern the negotiation and agreement with the organization.

Recommendations:

The host institution should be selected on the basis of a Call for Proposals to a short list of
organizations IICA, OLADE, IDB and CAF being the most likely candidates
The role of the ministers in the Committee might be to host the meetings on a rotation base,
implying no chairing role for Finland. CAN and the MFA are members of Committee with a
voice but without a vote.
The total budget for EEP Andes should be raised substantially to a magnitude allowing for
one bigger investment project in each country on an average (Euro 12 million is proposed).
At the same time the minimum support to projects being Euro 100,000 should be revised
and be open, as not all technologies need the same financial support. A maximum sum for
the support of the small size projects can stay at Euro 150,000.
A midterm review after 16 months may be used to continue the EEP after 2 years with three
more years, to signal continued interest in the market for both Finnish and Andean partners
If IICA has to be the host institution a number of conditions should apply and these should
be met by the institute.
Change of the anticipated hosting office - IICA Lima - for IICA Quito office is
recommended, as they have shown insight in the tasks ahead.
The Mission recommends the possible host institutions to make an implementation plan
before selecting the final candidate.

2
The participation of senior energy experts with vast political and technological experience in
each country should be a condition sine qua non for the EEP.
The National Coordinators should start their tasks by discussing with the donor community
to define the EEP niche.

2
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Instrumentos para El Fomento de Sistemas Dendroenergeticos en Colombia (Versión Final).
Presentado por:
MMAyA. 2010. Compilación de Conclusiones y Resultados: Conferencia de los Pueblos sobre
Cambio Climático y los Derechos de la Madre Tierra. La Paz – Bolivia. 161p.
Novoa Pena Alfredo, Manfred Horn, Matriz energetica en el Peru y energias renovables, Friedrich
Ebert Stiftung, 2010. pp43
Ocrospoma Ramírez Lorena. 2008. Situación y Perspectivas de los Biocombustibles en el Perú.
Instituto Interamericano de Cooperación para la Agricultura (IICA). Lima: IICA, 79p. Ref.
http://www.iica.int.
Oliver Campero Rivero. 2009. Biogas en Bolivia Programa “Viviendas Autoenergéticas” Una
Nueva Forma de ver el Futuro Energético-Ambiental del País, en Área Rural. DELOS. Revista
Desarrollo Local Sostenible. Grupo Eumed.net y Red Académica Iberoamericana Local Global
Vol. 2, Nº 4 (febrero 2009) www.eumed.net/rev/delos/04/
Oscar del Alamo. sf. Pueblos Indígenas, democracia y gobernabilidad en la región andina. Special
Edition, May 2006. FOCAL POINT Spotlight on the Americas. Ref.
http://www.scribd.com/doc/19122351/Indigenous-Peoples-democracy-and-governance-in-the-
andean-region / http://www.focal.ca/pdf/consulta_previa.pdf.
Plan Agro 2003-2015. Acuerdo Ministerial Hemisférico Guatemala 2007 para la Agricultura y Vida
Rural en las Américas. Cuarta Ministerial “Agricultura y Vida Rural en las Américas” en el
contexto del Proceso Cumbres de las Américas. La Antigua Guatemala, 23-26 de julio de 2007.
RM4/AMH8-2007 26 de julio 2007.
Plan Energético Nacional 2006 – 2025 Propuesta de Objetivos y Estrategias (Documento para
Comentarios). Ministerio de Minas y Energía - Unidad de Planeación Minero Energética
Octubre 10 de 2006. 82p.
Plan Nacional de Desarrollo. La Paz – Bolivia.
Políticas Públicas para Pueblos Indígenas en el Ecuador del Siglo XXI. Memorias del Seminario
Nacional. Compilador: Germán Flores. Escuela de Gobierno y Políticas Públicas / Fundación
Konrad Adenauer. Quito – Ecuador. 2007. 161p.
Prias Caicedo Omar, 2009. Un Programa en Construcción. Consultoría para la recopilación de
información, definición de lineamientos y prioridades como apoyo a la formulación del
PROURE (Informe Final). Ministerio de Minas y Energía. Bogotá, febrero de 2009. 80p.
Programa Regional de Biodiversidad en las Regiones Andino-Amazónicas de los Países Miembros
de la CAN (BIOCAN). Documento Marco. Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores de Finlandia
Secretaria General de la Comunidad Andina. Mayo de 2007. 90p.
Promoviendo el desarrollo a través del uso de tecnologías: Balance y Lecciones del Fondo Regional
de Tecnologías Apropiadas en Manejo Sostenible de Recursos Naturales- FOMRENA / IICA,
GTZ. – Lima : IICA, 2007. 62p.
Proyecto Piloto de Generacion de Electricidad utilizando Aceite Vegetal de Piñon en la Isla
Floreana, MEER, MAGAP, Ecuador, 2009
Relatoría Taller Regional de Energía Renovable. Alianza en Energía y Ambiente para La Región
Andina. Bogotá D.C., Colombia - Junio de 2009. 43p.

2
Rural Women, Micro Enterprises and crédito: How to prepare for a successful business. A self
learning guide. Jan Karremans, Anne Robert for InterAmerican Development Bank and IICA,
Costa Rica, 2009
SENPLADES, 2010. Plan Nacional de Desarrollo para el Buen vivir 2010 – 2013. Quito
Sergio Sepulveda, Biograma: Metodologia para estimar el nivel de desarrollo sostenible de
territorios, IICA Costa Rica, 2008
Sistematazacion de la experiencia del Fomrena en Bolivia, GTZ, IICA; Fomrena, no year
Social Quality and Sustainable Development of Rural Territories. Why must sociability be
capitalizad? Carlos Julio Jara Martinez, IICA, 2005.
Torres Ortega Jesús. 2008. Oportunidades de Investigación en Agroenergía. Corpoica. Bogotá, 10
de julio. Ppp (70 láminas)
Unidad de Planeación Minero Energética – Upme Consorcio Bariloche – BRP Consultoría para La
Formulación Estratégica del Plan de Uso Racional de Energía y de Fuentes No Convencionales
de Energía 2007 – 2025. CONTRATO 1517-33-2006. Consorcio Bariloche – BRP
INGENIEROS EU. INFORME FINAL. 324p.
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Biodiesel - Combustible Automotriz a Partir de Aceites Vegetales Convenio Interinstitucional de
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Desarrollo Industrial de La Biotecnología y Producción Limpia. CORPODIB INDUSTRIA
AGRARIA LA PALMA – INDUPALMA. INFORME FINAL. BOGOTA, D.C., ENERO 14 DE
2003. 48p.

2
List of Persons interviewed

Bolivia

Name Organization / Position e-mail

Hernán Vera Ruiz Academia de Ciencias
Academia de Ciencias / Director
Andres Trepp del Carpio
Instituto Energía
Julia Huamaca Bartolin Sisa
Eduardo Guillen CBE / Gerente General gerencia-cbe@acelerate.com
Ana Cristina Betancourt CEDETI (Director Ejecutiva)
Marcos Noragra B. CIPCA
Lorenzo Solíz CIPCA / Director General
Susana Mejillones CIPCA / Directora La Paz
Francisco Chui H. CIPCA / Indígena – La Paz
Juan Cristóbal Birbuet CPTS / Subdirector jc.birbuet@cpts.org
CPTS / Técnico Eficiencia
Cecilia Espinosa Murga cecilia.espinosa@cpts.org
Energética
Juan Ramírez CUNA / Director Nacional
Miguel Fernández Energética (Director Ejecutivo)
Eduardo Loza IICA (Administrador) @iica.int
José Robles IICA (Asistente Contable) @iica.int
Andrea Mamani IICA (Bibliotecaria) @iica.int
Victor Hugo Cardoso IICA / T&I y Biotecnología @iica.int
Ruby Villarroel Salgueiro IICA / Esp. Seguridad Alimentaria @iica.int
Marco A. Jordan IICA / Especialista SAIA @iica.int
Juan Chávez IICA / Representante Juan.chavez@iica.int
Marco A. Jordan IICA / Esp. Sanidad Agropecuaria Marco.jordan@iica.int
MMAyA / Resp. Convenio y
Daniela Seoane
Proyectos Internacionales
MMAyA / Coordinador Cambio
Jaime Villanueva jaivillanueva@hotmail.com
Climático
MMAyA / Experto Gases Efecto
Emilio Garcia-Apaza egarcia@emi.edu.bo
Invernadero
MMAyA / Viceministro de Medio
Juan Pablo Ramos jprbol@gmail.com
Ambiente BD y CC
Mario Beaudoin Privado
Consorcia Santos Prov. Igavi B.S. – La Paz
Proyecto ENDEV – GTZ / Asesor
Carlos Alba Balderrama carlos.alba@gtz.de
Técnico
Proyecto ENDEV – GTZ / Asesor
Klas Heising klas.heising@gtz.de
Principal
Servicios Ambientales S.A. /
Juan Carlos Enriquez jceu@sasa-bolivia.com
Presidente
Césilo Plata Ch. SIMACO
Moises Mina SIMACO
Freddy Koch Swisscontact freddy.koch@swisscontact.bo
Matthias Nabholz Swisscontact matthias.nabholz@swisscontact.bo
Guido Reynaga Techniktransfair SRL
U. Mayor de San Andrés /
Mario Guzmán O.
Facultad Ing. Eléctrica

2
 Name Organization / Position e-mail
U. Mayor de San Andrés /
René Torrez Santella Instituto de Investigaciones
Físicas
Flavio Ghezzi UMSA – Física ghezzi@yahoo. com
Jaime Jiménez Álvarez UMSA / Fac. Ingeniería - CIEEN
UNDP – ONUDI / Jefe
César Sevilla c.sevilla@unido.org
Operaciones
VEEA / Director General
Jorge Gutiérrez jagutierrez@hidrocarburos.gob.bo
Electrificación Rural y E.A.

Colombia

Name Organization / Position e-mail

Acción Social / Asesora-
Carolina Navarrete carolina.navarrete@acciónsocial.gov.co
Cooperación Internacional
Edward Dawey Acción Social / Asesor edward.dawey@acciónsocial.gov.co
Juan F. Gutiérrez Acquaire / Gerente info@acquaire.com
BID / Especialista Regional en
Javier H. Cuervo javiercu@iadb.org
Energía
CAF / Ejecutiva Principal Medio
Martha P. Castillo mcastillo@caf.com
Ambiente
Diana M. Cortes Rojas Colciencias / Funcionaria dmcortes@colciencias.gov.co
Hugo R. García CorpoICA
Maritza López Parra EPM maritza.lopez@epm.com.co
Fondo para la Acción Ambiental y
Anne Marie Steffa amsteffa@accionambiental.org
la Niñez / Especialista
Diego Gonzáles Becerra IDEAM dgonzales@ideam.gov.co
Gustavo Jaller IICA gustavo.jaller@iica.int
IICA / Coordinador de
Jorge Suárez jorge.suarez@iica.int
Operaciones
Jorge Caro IICA / Representante jorge.caro@iica.int
IICA / Especialista en Tecnología
Pedro Rocha Pedro.rocha@iica.int
e Innovación
Catalina Chica Instituto Sinchi cchica@sinchi.org.co
Marcela Carrillo Instituto Sinchi mcarrillo@sinchi.org.co
Luis Posada ISAGEN lposada@isagen.com.co
Maria Aguilera MADR ctecnica@minaagricultura.gov.co
Gloria Inés Quintana MAVDT giquintana@minambiente.gov.ec
Maria Cecilia Concha MAVDT – DDSSS mconcha@minambiente.gov.co
Luis A. Higuera B. Min Minas y Energía lahiguera@minminas.gov.co
mecanismofinancieroholanda@gmail.co
Carlos J. Jaramillo Ramirez MFE / Gerente Nacional
m
Myra Stella Reyes B. Min. Minas y Energía msreyes@minminas.gov.co
Ulpiano Plaza Pastrana Ministerio de Minas y Energía uplaza@minminas.gov.co
Andrés Paredes C. MRE – Asuntos Económicos jairo.paredes@cancilleria.gov.co
Diana N. Guarin M MRE Cooperación diana.guarin@cancilleria.gov.co
María Teresa Pinzón OAI – MAVDT mtpinzon@minambiente.gov.co
Eunice Mora Jaime Parques Nacionales enunice.mora@gmail.com
U. Nacional – Medellín / Director fabiosierra@yahoo.com /
Fabio Sierra
GRIN mdlgener_fibog@unal.edu.co
Henry José Zapata UPME henry-zapata@upme.gov.co

2
 Name Organization / Position e-mail
Santiago Lombana D. Wayuu E.S.P. / Gerente General Wayuu.esp@gmail.com
Chris Davy Embajada EE.UU davyrc@state.gov
Maurice van Beers Gob. Holanda Maurice.beers@minbuza.nl
Johny Ariza U. Europea Johny.ARIZA@ec.europa.eu
Jose Eddy Torres Economista Consultor jeddytorres@msn.com
NuPlanet Clean Energy / Director
Juan Pablo Daza jp@nuplanet.nl
de Proyectos

Costa Rica

Name Organization / Position e-mail

Dr. Víctor Villalobos IICA / General Director victor.villalobos@iica.int
IICA / Programme Coordinator
Dr. Frederique Abreu frederique.abreu@iica.int
Biofuels and Agroenergy
IICA / Specialist in Natural
MSc. Jeanette Cárdenas Resources and Environmental jeanette.cardenas@iica.int
Management
IICA / Director, Management and
Dr. Victor del Angel Victor.DelAngel@iica.int
Regional
IICA / Coordinator, Unit for
Dr. Nelson Espinoza nelson.espinoza@iica.int
Project Investment
IICA / Director, Technical
Dr. James French james.french@iica.int
Cooperation
IICA / Chief of Division, Budget
Dr. Yanko Goic
and Control
MsC. Roberto González IICA / Director, DORI Andina. roberto.gonzales@iica.int
IICA / Director, Sustainable Rural carlos.jara@iica.int
Dr. Carlos Jara
Development cjara2000@yahoo.com.mx
Lic. Karen Kleinheinz IICA / Director, Finance Division karen.kleinheinz@iica.int
MA. Carlos OFarrill IICA / Director, Corporate Services
IICA / Specialist in Rural
MsC. Melania Portilla
Sustainable Development
Dr. Jose Ramírez IICA / Coordinator, CECADI
IICA / Spcialist in Regional
MSc. Flor Sánchez
Operations

Ecuador

Name Organization / Position e-mail

Economista - experto en finanzas
Diego Burneo diego.burneo@gmail.com
ambientales
AGECI / Coordinadora de
Alexandra Maldonado alexandra.maldonado@ageci.gov.ec
Cooperación Multilateral
Tinm Krogger AGECI / Asesor
Fidel Aguinda CONAIE
Froilán Viteri CONAIE
Inés Shinguango CONAIE / Vicepresidenta
Bayron Arroyo CONCOPE barroyo@concope.gov.ec
René Cruz Cónsul ad honoren de Finlandia renecruz@uio.satnet.net
Corporación para la Investigación
Alfredo Mena alfredo.mena@energia.org.ec
Energética / Director Ejecutivo

2
 Corporación para la Investigación
Lucia Re
Energética
Enrique Heinemann DED / MEER erique.heinemann@ded.ec
Ana Balarezo EPN ana.balarezo@epn.edu.ec
Luis Jaramillo EPN luis.jaramillo@epn.edu.ec
Víctor Cárdenas EPN / Decano victor.cardenas@epn.edu.ec
ESPE / Dpto. Ciencia de la
Carlos Naranjo cnaranjo@espe.edu.ec
Energía y Mecánica
Celso Recalde ESPOCH Crecalde072000@yahoo.com
Isabel Escudero ESPOCH skchabelina@hotmail.com
José Muñoz ESPOCH dm17850@yahoo.es
daguirre@espol.edu.ec /
Douglas Aguirre ESPOL
hidroespol@espol.edu.ec
EuroSolar / Jefe de Asistencia
José Dulce
Técnica Internacional
Rodolfo Rendón Ex Ministro de Ambiente rrendon@diplan.ec
Marianela Curi F. Futuro Latinoamericano marianela.curi@ffla.ne
Johanna Martínez Aguirre FEDETA / Directora energia@fedeta.org /
Miguel Ángel Arvelo IICA / Representante Ecuador
MCPEC / Asesor Energías
Mario Brito
Renovables
MCPNC / Subsecretario Políticas
Tarsicio Granizo tgranizo@ministeriopatrimonio.gov.ec
y Planificación
Vladimir Gonzales MEER - Subsecretario
Ministerio de Agricultura, asalcedo@magap.gov.ec
Adolfo Salcedo
Ganadería y Pesca / Subsecretario
Ministerio de Ambiente /
Marco Chiu mchiu@ambiente.gov.ec
Subsecretario
Susana López Randi Randi / Técnico spoats@interactive.net.ec
Miguel Vásquez Secretaría de los Pueblos / Asesor atelopus@yahoo.com
Secretaria Nacional del Agua
Alfredo López alopez@senagua.gov.ec
(Director Planificación)
Domingo Paredes Secretario Nacional del Agua dparedes@senagua.gov.ec
Grupo Futuro - Presidente / ex
Roque Sevilla Presidente Comisión ITT / ex rsevilla@metropolitan-touring.com
Alcalde de Quito
SENPLADES / Asesora
Dania Quirola dquirola@senplades.gov.ec
Ambiental
Rafael Burbano SENPLADES / Asesor rburbano@senplades.gov.ec
Soraya Jarrín SENPLADES / Funcionaria
José Vicente Troya UNDP / Gerente Ambiental jose.troya@undp.org
OLADE / Director de
Nestor Daniel Luna nestor.luna@olade.org
Planificación y Proyectos
Victor Oxilia OLADE / Director de Integración victor.oxilia@olade.org
OLADE / Coordinador de Fuentes
Eduardo Noboa Renovables de Energía y Medio Eduardo.noboa@olade.org
Ambiente
OLADE / Profesional Eficiencia
Mentor Proveda Mentor.poveda@olade.org
Energética y Electricidad
BID (Especialista en Recursos
Duval Llaguno DUVALL@iadb.org
Naturales)
Marco Macias BID (Especialista de FOMIN) marcoam@iadb.org
CAF (Directora de Medio
María Teresa Szauer MSZAUER@caf.com
Ambiente)

2
Finland

Name Organization / Position e-mail

Ministry for Foreign Affairs of
Gunilla Kullberg Gunilla.Kullberg@formin.fi
Finland / Adviser
Ministry for Foreign Affairs of
Anu Hassinen Anu.Hassinen@formin.fi
Finland / Adviser
Ministry for Foreign Affairs of
Juha Virtanen Juha.Virtanen@formin.fi
Finland / Director of Unit
Ministry for Foreign Affairs of
Antero Klemola Antero.Klemola@formin.fi
Finland / Adviser
Ministry for Foreign Affairs of
Jatta Väisänen
Finland / Programme Officer

Peru

Name Organization / Position e-mail

AECID / Responsable Área
José Hermoza medioambiente@aecid.pe
Medioambiente
Roberto Espinoza Llanos AIDESEP / Asesor
Asociación Peruana de Energías
Alfredo Novoa-Peña Renovables alfredonovoap@gmail.com
Presidente
Elba Roo Superlano CAN (Energy Specialist) eroo@comunidadandina.org
María Teresa Becerra CAN (Environmental Specialist) mbecerra@comunidadandina.org
Fredy Elhers CAN (General Secretary) fehlers@comunidadandina.org
Jorge Aguinaga Díaz CENERGIA / Gerente General jaguinaga@cenergia.org.pe
Rafael L. Espinoza CER – UNI / Director respinoza@uni.edu.pe / cer@uni.edu.pe
Gil INoach COICA
CONACAMI / Coordinadora
Gloria Salinas Valdez
Nacional Mujeres
Luis Ponce CONCYTEC lponce@concytec.gob.pe
CONCYTEC
Augusto Mellado Méndez amellado@concytec.gob.pe
Presidente
Iris Roca Rey COSUDE iris.rocarey@sdc.net
COVILLA / Presidente del covillaltda@yahoo.es \
Mario de la Cruz Azabache
Consejo de Administración mario45b@gmail.com
Pekka Orpana Embajada Finlandia / Embajador pekka.orpana@formin.fi
Ulla Helimo Embajada Finlandia / Asesora ulla.helimo@formin.fi
Luis Herrera Embajada Finlandia / Consejero luis.herrera@formin.fi
Tiia Haapaniemi Embajada Finlandia / Asesora tiia.haapaniemi@formin.fi
Víctor Andrés Belaunde Empresa Privada
Mauricio Novoa Cain Empresa Privada
Mario Fernández Empresa Privada
Jean Paúl Delfín Empresa Privada
Grupo Energético Aguaytia
Danta LaGatta
(Gerente General)
Empresa Gambelll Peru SA
Luis F. Cadenillas Galvez
(Consultor)
Julia Justo Soto FONAM / Directora Ejecutiva
Global Village Energy Partnership,
Pedro Gamio
ex Viceministro de Energía

3
Carlos Hadzich Marin
Miguel Hadzich Marin
Miguel Tinajeros
Hernán Tello Fernández
Fausto Honostroza
Maria Veronika Villar Biffi
Freddy Rojas Perez
Marco Bustamante
Bejarano
Erika Soto
Oliver Marcelo Bret
María Elena Rojas Junes
Roxana Orrego Moya
Manuel Roncal Vargas
Antonieta Noli
Eduardo Durand López-
Hurtado
Marisel Allende
Adela Solís La Hoz
Jorge Suárez
Roxanna Pareja
Miguel Ramos
Oliver Marcelo Bret
Martín Alcalde
Camila Germaná Roquez
Mario G. Fernández
Cristina Chueca
Heta Pyhälahti
Franco Canziani
GRUPO / Administrador chadzich@pucp.edu.pe
GRUPO / Coordinador mhadzich@pucp.edu.pe
GTZ / Asesor miguel.tinajeros@gtz.de
IIAP / Director htello@iiap.org.pe
IIAP
IICA (administradora)
IICA (Representante)
IICA
marco.bustamante@iica.int
Especialista
IICA / Especialista en Tecnología erika.soto@iica.int
ITDG
omarcelo@solucionespracticas.org.pe
Program Coordinator
MINAG merojas@minag.gob.pe
MINAG rorrego@minag.gob.pe
MINAG msroncal@minag.gob.pe
MINAG, Directora anoli@minag.gob.pe
MINAM / Director General
Cambio Climático,
edurand@minam.gob.pe
Desertificación y Recursos
Hídricos
MINAM mallende@minam.gob.pe
MINAM / Especialista Ambiental asolis@minam.gob.pe
MINEM / Jefe de Energías
jsuarezm@minem.gob.pe
Renovables
MINEM
rpareja@minem.gob.pe
Asesora
MINEM
Asesor
Practical Action / Program
omarcelo@solucionespracticas.org.pe
Coordinator
PRONATURALEZA, Director
malcalde@pronaturaleza.org
Ejecutivo
PRONATURALEZA, Funcionaria cgermana@pronaturaleza.org
Tech Horizons Perú / Director mariofer@tech-horizons.com
UE / Sección Cooperación
cristina.chueca-roemer@ec.europa.eu
Económica y Regional
Finpro /Head of office Chile and
heta.pyhalahti@finpro.fi
Argentina
Waira
fca@canziani.com.pe
Director
3
Terms of Reference for the Appraisal Mission on Energy and Environment Partnership
Programme (EEP) in the Andean Region

1. Introduction and Background

The Government of Finland's development policy programme 2007 identifies the Andean region as
one of the areas for regional development cooperation. According to the development policy
regional and thematic cooperation supplement other forms and instruments of development
cooperation. Thematic cooperation will especially focus on sustainable development. The policy
also stresses poverty reduction through economic growth.

The Development Policy Programme identifies energy as one example of development cooperation
promoting sustainable development. Energy is a key factor in combating climate change. Finland
aims to support programmes and projects that focus on saving energy, increasing energy efficiency
and producing renewable energy. These types of projects should specifically target poor countries
and regions. The production of renewable energy, especially bio, solar and wind energy, provides
work and income for the local population. Bio-energy projects can be linked to the promotion of
sustainable forestry, which involves the use of wood from thinnings and logging residues in power
generation. Local production of renewable energy and linking it with forestry can generate
sustainable economic growth.

In January 2009, the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland (MFA) approved the Andean Regional
Strategic Cooperation Plan for the years 2009-2012, which focuses on the thematic cooperation of
the Forestry, Regional Bioversity and Renewable Energy sectors.

Based on the encouraging results from the Central American Energy and Environment Partnership
the Ministry for Foreign Affairs (MFA) of Finland carried out a fact finding mission to the Andean
countries (Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia and Peru) in February 2009. It was established that there is a
strong regional interest in developing renewable energies. To conclude the fact finding phase and
start the actual planning of the programme, the MFA arranged, in close cooperation with Acción
Social from Colombia, a technical workshop in Bogotá in June 2009.

After the workshop a draft document of the Programme was assessed and finalized by the
Soluciones Prácticas, Intermediate Technology Development Group (ITDG), in October 2009.

The Energy and Environment Partnership Programme (EEP) aims to promote renewable energy,
bioenergy, energy efficiency, and clean technology investments in selected programme countries,
with the twin objectives of providing sustainable energy services to the poor and simultaneously
combating climate change.

2. Objectives of the Appraisal

The overall objective of the appraisal is to assess the Programme document, its viability and the
potential development impact of the proposed intervention thus providing the basis for final
decisions on implementation and funding. The specific objectives are to assess the relevance,
feasibility, sustainability and compatibility of the Programme as described in the Programme
document, and to suggest revisions to the Programme document accordingly. The document
shall be assessed according to Evaluation Guidelines Between past and future, by the Ministry of
Foreign Affairs of Finland.

The team shall finalize and update the Programme Document based on the appraisal
outcomes and consultations with the partners and draft the job describtions/TOR for the TA
team.

3. Scope of Work of the Appraisal Mission

1
 The appraisal will look at the relevance, compatibility, feasibility and the sustainability of the
programme. The following questions will give an initial frame for the appraisal:

Relevance

Does the programme correspond to the priority problems of the beneficiaries?

Compatibility

Is the programme compatible with the goals of the government of Bolivia, Ecuador,
Colombia and Peru (poverty reduction, environmentally sound, promoting democracy,
human rights and good governance and gender equality)?
Is the programme compatible with regional strategies and other initiatives?
Is the programme in line with other priorities of the government of Bolivia, Ecuador,
Colombia and Peru (geographic, sectoral etc.)?
Is the programme overlapping with projects of other donors, or are there perhaps
possibilities for potential cooperation and/or other synergy benefits with other already
existing programmes?

Sustainability

Will the relevant authorities and/or the host organization have policy support for
proposed activities during the implementation and after the programme has ended?
Will the implementing agencies be able to provide follow-up during and after the
programme?
Does the programme has a strong economic and financial basis for the activities?
Will the capacity and institutional building provide sufficient support at different levels
to guarantee sustainability beyond the programme lifespan?
Do the planned actions support developing sustainable activities and increase
investments in renewable energy?
Does the programme take into account environmental sustainability sufficiently?
Does the programme enhance the mitigation of the climate change?
Does the programme enable an adequate ownership of the programme for the
beneficiaries

Feasibility

Is the problem analysis sufficiently comprehensive and does it identify root problems
to be dealt with the programme implementation?
Does the overall objective and expected results explain why the programme is
important for the society?
Is the programme purpose defined in terms of benefits to the beneficiaries?
Are the means sufficiently justified by quantified objectives and expected results?
Do the selection criteria of the different projects direct the resources of the
programme to be used in such activities that have fair chance to attract investment
in near future?
Have important external conditions been identified and are there unnoticed
constraints to programme implementation?
Do the implementing agencies have the sufficient capacity to implement the project?
Are the beneficiaries identified clearly?
Are the problems, needs and expectations of the beneficiaries described sufficiently
and are they sufficiently taken into account in the activities and planned results?
Does the programme document address adequately the Finnish value added taking
into account the findings from EEP in Central America?

2
 Taking into account the wide field of possible activities is there need to put clearer
focus (geographical, thematic, size of funding) on the activities in order to improve
the impact of the programme?

Analysis of the Logical Framework

Will the programme purpose significantly contribute to the overall objective?

Will the programme purpose be achieved if the results are delivered? Are the
results adequate?
Have measurable indicators been defined for all levels of objectives? Are there
also enough indicators measuring the quality performance, not only quantity?
Have the most appropriate implementation strategies and activities been selected?
Are the means adequate / excessive for implementing the activities?
Is the programme cost-effective?
Have important external conditions been identified?
Is the probability of realisation of the assumptions acceptable?

Analysis of project management, organisational and administrative arrangements

Has the programme organisation, share of responsibilities and staffing including

job descriptions been clearly defined?
Is the organisation (IICA, the Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on
Agriculture) viable and capable for the implementation and achievement of
expected results?
Have clear and transparent decision making mandates and practices been
assigned?
Has a monitoring, reporting and evaluation system been described with enough
detail?
Does the work planning system utilise information produced by monitoring and
evaluations, and provide for flexibility?
Are financial management and auditing arrangements adequate?
Does the scheduling and duration of the programme support successful
achievement of objectives?

4. Specific issues to be Appraised

In addition to the scope presented above, the purpose of the mission is

I. to review the strategies, priorities and the existing policy framework to develop renewable
energy in the participating countries (Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia and Peru). The risk analysis
should be included.

II. to review legal and policy frameworks concerning collaboration in the renewable energy
sector; of the overall renewable energy situation, including public, private and donor
participation and national planning systems, in regards to the regional partnership
programme.The environmental and social aspects should be taken into account as well.

III. to identify other donors' existing support in the field of renewable energy, clean
technologies, and energy conservation and efficiency. A key focus in this assessment is the
identification of possible opportunities for co-financing in order to join forces and improve the
impact and effectiveness of the programme, and/or identify other potential synergies with
existing or planned activities by key donors in this field. It is also important to define the
complementarity and added value of the new Finnish programme to those already existing
ones, as well as to analyze the synergies with other Finnish funded programmes in the region
(forest partnership and BIOCAN).

3
IV. to review the recommendations of the evaluation of the Energy and Environment
Partnership with Central America and their potential relevance for the planned interventions
on the Andean region. The following recommendations were given in the evaluation report of
that programme:

The EEP program design leaves a lot room for improvement. Some of the practical problems
and issues that arise e.g. regarding the project selection process, monitoring and ownerships
are directly related to these shortcomings. With its increasing project portfolio and number of
participating donors, the EEP should now address these issues as a matter of priority to avoid
potential future problems related both to its image in the region, and effectiveness and impact.
Some of the institutional choices, e.g. the placing of the National Coordinators in the line-
ministries, could also be re-considered in light of the influence of this mode of operation on the
project selection process and continuity of support, and the limited feedback provided to
national-level policy/strategic processes through this arrangement.

Regarding the “seed money effect” of the EEP, the feasibility and other pre-investment type
studies seem to have contributed most in this regard. This is also an area where the
collaboration with service providers from the donor countries still seems to make the biggest
impact, as their participation increases the credibility of these documents towards the financing
institutions and sources of private capital. Also, there are cases where supporting
experimentation with genuinely new and untested technologies (e.g. Jatropha Curcas) has
helped to trigger major investment. The difficulty in the case of supporting investments in
equipment is to avoid the EEP just becoming another source of financing with no strategic
benefit in terms of the program objectives.

The impact of the EEP partnership on the regional national policy and strategy level could be
enhanced by producing information based on its experiences and disseminating this to key
decision makers and actors in government institutions, lobby groups, financing institutions and
other key actors.

The EEP would benefit from a more rigorous design process, e.g. in the form of a re-design
workshop to adjust the Framework Document, facilitated by a competent logframe specialist.
The EEP should find itself now in a good position to streamline its activities and identify those
objectives and lines of activity where it genuinely has a comparative advantage in the Region.

Because of the demand driven nature of the program, the objectives and their indicators should
be tightly tied to the project proposing process as well and therefore the indicators for each four
objectives should reflect to the Project Profile Form and to the Project Proposal.

Also the project selection criteria should be more clearly connected to the EEP program level
objectives and indicators. As the project portfolio of EEP is broad and project types differ a lot in
terms of their objectives (e.g. strategic study, investment support, strategic studies) and types
of beneficiary (government organization, civil-society organization, private company) it could be
helpful to have different selection criteria for different types of projects and beneficiaries. Also,
specific financing windows (or specific calls for proposals) could be made for each project type.
This would help to increase the transparency of the project selection process. Also, to avoid the
risk of the EEP becoming a source of gap-filling finance, criteria to measure when the projects
are ready enough to fly on their own and the extra support of EEP is not needed should also be
considered. As the number of projects and donors supporting the EEP increases, the
partnership would be well advised to reassess whether the current institutional arrangements at
the country and regional level are adequate for the future needs.

Although not a stated objective of the EEP, it has served to present Finland as a state of the art
provider of solutions in renewable energies, however, participation of Finnish private companies
in Forums has decreased. Finnish public sector organizations and some state owned
companies continue their active involvement.

V. to analyse how the Programme promotes gender equality and equal participation
processes also to traditionally excluded groups such as women and ethnic minorities. Is the

4
 Project sufficiently taking into account and integrating into Project design the cross-cutting
themes of the Finnish Development Policy?

VI. to analyse the possibility of implementing a pilot project in each country and identify
suitable options (additionally how to link Finnish businesses with the projects?)

VII. to conceptualize a communication strategy for the Programme to clarify the messages for
different stakeholders and define realistic messages. The communication for the Finnish
businesses should be included, as there is a lot of interest towards Latin America among
them.

VIII. to analyze the feasibility of the budget and draft an updated one.

5. Composition of the Appraisal Team

The team shall be integrated by two experts. The requirements as specified in Invitation to
Tender.

6. Methodology

The team shall review all the relevant documents and make a work plan for the field mission.

The team shall ensure an adequate involvement of the stakeholders in the appraisal through
information and consultation. The key parties to be consulted in the region are:

They key parties to be consulted in Bolivia are e.g.:

Viceministry of Environment
Viceministry of Energy
Viceministry of Foreign Trade and Integration
IICA Bolivia
Private Sector Representatives

The key parties to be consulted in Ecuador are e.g.:

Ministry of Environment
Ministry of Agriculture
Viceministry of Alternative Energy
IICA Ecuador
AGECI
SENPLADES
Private Sector Representatives

The key parties to be consulted in Colombia are e.g.:

Viceministry of Environment
Ministry of Agriculture
Ministry of Energy
Acción Social
IICA Colombia
Planning Secretariat
Private Sector Representatives

The key parties to be consulted in Peru are e.g.:

Ministry of Environment
Ministry of Mines and Energy
Ministry of Agriculture
SGCAN

5
 IICA Peru
Private Sector Representatives

The mission shall consult also:

IICA headquarters in San José, Costa Rica;
donors based in Lima, such as Germany, Switzerland, Belgium, Spain, European
Commission, etc.; and
other relevant actors in renewable energy sector like Finpro, Finland Future Research
Centre, Finnish private companies, universities and research centers in the region as
well as civil society organisations

The Team shall coordinate the appraisal activities in the region with the Embassy of Finland in
Peru.

The team shall up-date the Programme Document and draft the job requirements/TOR based
on the appraisal outcomes and consultations with the partners.

7. Timetable and Reporting

The mission is tentatively scheduled to start by 22.3. and last for approximately six weeks,
including desk study, field work (four weeks after Easter, starting tentatively in 6.4.), and
reporting. The Appraisal Report is expected to be ready by 12th of May. Tentatively, the final
Project Document should be ready by the 30th of May 2010.

The tasks and reporting shall be carried out according to the following tentative schedule

Briefing by Ministry of Finland/Embassy of Finland in Peru, in the beginning of the

mission (tentatively 22.3.)
Prior to the field work desk studies (tentatively during 22.-26.3) shall be done and an
inception report be prepared by the team and approved by the Ministry (tentatively by
29.3.)
Meetings with different stakeholders in the four countries (tentatively starting from
6.4.)
Debriefing workshop (tentatively 29.4.) at the Embassy in Lima with main actors in
the end of the field mission. A Draft Appraisal Report should be presented. This
version should already indicate the main conclusions and possible main
shortcomings and the respective corrective measures for the Programme. The
participants shall provide feedback and comments to the team in writing within 7
days.
Final Appraisal Report (tentatively by 12.5.) to the Ministry for Foreign Affairs in 3
working days after reception of the comments.
Submission of the preliminary Project Document to the Ministry for Foreign Affairs for
comments and consideration within 5 working days after delivering the Appraisal
Report (tentatively by 19.5.)
Finalisation and submission of the final Project Document (tentatively by 30.5.) to
the Ministry for Foreign Affairs within 5 working days after reception of the comments
which are expected to be received in 5 working days.

The Appraisal Report and the Project Document shall be produced in English, the latter with
an Executive Summary in English. The consultant shall also deliver a Spanish version of the
Project Document (by the commonly agreed date). The documents shall be submitted in
three copies as a printed report. The Appraisal Mission shall also provide the Ministry an
electronic copy/CDROM of the report using Windows compatible Microsoft Word for text and
Excel for tables and charts.

6
8. Budget

The Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland will contract a consulting company to carry out the
appraisal mission. The company shall be responsible for hiring the personnel and arranging
financial management. The company shall also take the responsibility of providing adequate
back-up services to the appraisal mission team.

The actual budget is defined through contract and the offer of the winning bidder.

The total amount of the fees should not exceed 63 000 euros (excluding reimbursambes).

9. Mandate

During the appraisal mission, the team is entitled and expected to discuss with the pertinent
persons and organisations any matters related to the assignment. The team has no
authorisation to make any commitments on behalf of the Government of Finland.

The competent authorities have the right and responsibility to advise and comment the work
of the team.

7
Annex 2: Analysis of the logical framework

The logical framework (logframe) is a summary of the development intervention through a

programme. The objectives of the intervention defined at a high abstraction level (e.g. poverty
alleviation) need to be related to activities and outcomes in the field that contribute to realization
of the objective. Usually the general and specific objectives are defined in terms of an outcome
to bridge the high abstraction and down to earth activity. This has been done in the reviewed
version, by including verifiable indicators defined at a quantitative and qualitative level.
Important assumptions and risks are mentioned per general and specific objective as they can
impact on the outcome. In case of risks appropriate mitigation measures have to be formulated.
The verification method is given in a qualitative statement. Only when the activities to be
deployed are treated in the table, the verification method refers to calculations, reports, other
documents, government policies changed, etc.
In the last part of the reviewed logframe table, the original logframe is taken up again by the
definition of Results with verifiable indicators and means of verification. Also here the emphasis
should be on both quantity and quality. With these identifiers in place it is still a way to go from
activity, changes in the reality of RE and EE in the region and on the basis of these to
contribution to the general objective. To attribute changes in the reality to the development
intervention only or even to a certain degree, can only be stated in terms of a likelihood and no
one to one attribution should be expected. Nevertheless, the logframe approach is the most
effective instrument developed so far to establish the impacts of development interventions.
The logframe is a construction used in the stage of project design and is meant to structure later
evaluation and intermediate reporting. In latter sense it is a management tool for adjustment and
guidance, especially if there is light between project implementation and the original objectives.
During the development intervention several risks and circumstances can make some activities
redundant after which the logframe should be adjusted on the base of solid arguments. The
indicators will be adjusted to fit to specific sectors, nature and activities really carried out. As a
further tool for guidance stakeholder surveys can be used to assess needs of the beneficiaries and
target groups. The results can be used to improve the effectiveness and targeting of the services
provided.

1
Commented logical framework of the EEP in the Andean region
Goal Intervention rationale
General Objectives
GO1 Promoting the use of RE and
EE, reducing the GHG
emissions and contributing to
mitigation of and adaptation to
adverse climate change effects
GO2 Contributing to safe and
sustainable access to energy in
poor rural areas in the EEP
Andean region
Indicators
Number, volume and quality of
investment decisions in relevant RE and
EE projects inspired by EEP Andean.
Greenhouse Gas emissions prevented in
tonnes CO2-eq
New or changed national energy
policies ref RE and EE
Gradual appearance of RE & EE
economic sub sector
Increased attention at universities for
Energy Education and an increasing
role at energy technology development
Number of people gaining energy
access, Energy savings in economic sub
sectors
Quality of the energy services provided
(duration, allowing for ec. use,
social/productive balance, allowing
Means of Verification
Energy service needs and provision of energy
services covering these (database of EEP Andean)
Reports under PRSP , UNFCCC, MDG
mechanisms highlighting projects and increased
awareness of RE and EE among the general
public
Emission reduction calculations and projections
delivered by proponents/ Verification by EEP
Andean
Emergence of energy policy measurements (or
changes in these), energy planning, reduced or
diverted subsidies for fossil fuels
New companies emerge and make profit with RE
and EE services
Increasing numbers of energy programmes,
number of students and PhD qualifications
Specific technology development focusing on one
or a few in each university
Access of vulnerable groups to energy as
described by proponents and verified by EEP
Andean
Calculations by proponents
Verification by EEP Andean
Analysis of changes in the energy technology
penetration in nat. energy matrix
External Factors
(Assumptions and Risks)
Negative changes in the macro economy (lower
oil prices) may influence the RE investment
flow;
Governments are assumed to play a proactive
role in initiation, follow-up and dissemination of
policy initiatives
The baseline (using UNFCCC methodology)
may be difficult to establish
Not only studies, but real energy
provision/saving must be realized (especially in
EE)
The local better-off get easier access than the
rural poor if not focused upon
Often difficult to establish the causal relationship
The emergence of a new economic sub sector
requires government attention
The extension and distribution of energy
programmes requires cooperation and agreement
between universities
National financial resources must be allocated to
these new studies, requiring ministerial support
Replication of success does not occur
automatically but needs special attention from
governments, for which reason these should be
involved in a proactive way
Sustainability of projects is often hindered by
political interventions at a local level
2
Goal Intervention rationale
GO3 Regional cooperation between
the ministries of the 4 countries
Special Objective
SO Strengthening the knowledge
base, establishing know-how
and institutional framework that
supports the development of RE
and EE
Outcomes
Indicators
adaptation to growing energy demand)
in pace with the needs
Direct and indirect jobs generated
through the projects
The human well-being in the target
communities should increase as a
consequence of EEP Andean projects.
Increased use of RE and EE in rural
areas per country
Dissemination of lessons learned from
one country to another. Multiplication
of initiatives from one country to
another.
Ministers participate in the Executive
Committee
Universities, research centres, ESCO’s,
are increasingly engaged in RE and EE
More Master education is established
at universities
Local enterprises, NGOs and
universities engaged in innovative and
replicable RE and EE, thereby
overcoming barriers in the market place
Means of Verification
CSD/MDG reporting on RE and EE technology
uptake in the EEP Andean targeted countries
The evaluations of projects should specifically
provide information on well-being and increased
autocontrol and the cross cutting issues.
Analysis of the guiding texts of new energy
initiatives referring to EEP Andean in the source
and target countries. Reporting by ministries
Issues discussed are strategic and trespassing
frontiers
Regional strategies for RE and EE are defined
and/or copied from one another
Number of universities and Research Centres
engaged compared to ex ante situation
Number of Master studies offered compared to
ex ante
Establishment of companies with roots in
universities, Set up science parks or technology
parks with energy companies
External Factors
(Assumptions and Risks)
Technologies should not be too technically
complicated when used in remote areas as this is
a huge barrier to sustainability (e.g. PV
programmes fail often)
Organizations representing indigenous and rural
communities should be involved in the
measurement of well-being
EEP Andean deployment in 4 different countries
reduces the overall non-performance risk.
Political risks are existent in the EEP Executive
Committee
Ministers should not discuss individual projects,
but the general framework development for EEP
Andes
If Ministers are not involved themselves, EEP
Andean may run the risk to become a limited
forum
Difficult to distinct between old plans and new
EEP Andean motivated ones
The establishment of new studies has a long
planning curve, possibly beyond the EEP
Andean time horizon
The market barriers should be described and
EEP Andean efforts should contribute to
reducing barriers, which may be difficult to
prove.
3
Goal Intervention rationale
O1 Increased awareness and
receptiveness towards RE and
EE technologies among key
stakeholders (sector-wise, in
financial institutions and in
governments)
O2 Many sustainable projects
showing that RE and EE are
viable solutions.
O3 The populations of the countries
are aware of the need for RE
and EE and the related GHG
emission reduction
Results (Outputs)
R1 Execution of applied research
projects -innovative projects in
RE and EE
R2 Implementation of RE and EE
emblematic projects
R3 Execution of studies and
projects promoting private RE
and EE initiatives
Indicators
Number of stakeholder reached and
participating in EEP Andean (with
network services (e.g. informative and
consultation meetings, workshops) and
associated communications (e.g.
mailing service);
Agreement with implementing partners
on continued activities after termination
of EEP Andean’s support
Projects making profits or resulting in
break-even, while providing the
planned energy services.
Number of stakeholders and projects
should increase. Numerous replications
would occur.
Increased well-being of target groups
Contribution to cross cutting issues of
Finnish policy
Numerous RE and EE projects in
successful execution bringing energy
where there was no energy before.
Number of studies executed and their
quality. The proportion of investments
realized after the study was done.
Means of Verification
inventory and impact survey at beneficiaries and
stakeholders;
Articles in scientific forums, reviews and
ordinary press
Number of partners and their capacity to multiply
projects done under EEP Andean
Increasing numbers of articles and TV
programmes regarding RE and EE and GHG
emission reduction
Counting and archiving system. Individual
project evaluations. Number of projects and their
quality. Verified by EEP Andean.
Reports made in cooperation with representatives
of Indian and rural communities
Reporting and evaluation on these aspects,
verified by EEP Andean
Counting and archiving system. Individual
project evaluations.
Demonstration effect should be shown with
replications.
Consultation reports/ user survey
Individual project evaluations
Regular updates of information contents of the
EEP and affiliated web sites
External Factors
(Assumptions and Risks)
Readiness and interest regarding to information
sharing among the targeted audience
Main risk is the high subsidies to conventional
energy sources in all countries
Limited number of successes if too many studies
are done not resulting in project execution or
policy changes.
Government willingness to diversify the energy
mix through subsidization of RE and EE
technologies
Risk is that not enough projects in this class are
presented, unless modified technologies do
count as well
Increased (in-kind and cash) co-financing and
continued activities, even after the depletion of
EEP Andean funds
Implementation challenge is to find the
competent institutions that can guarantee timely
(within 1 year) implementation
Too large influx of project proposals may occur
after very successful information dissemination.
4
Goal Intervention rationale Indicators Means of Verification External Factors
(Assumptions and Risks)
R4 Widely spread diffusion, Volume, depth and quality of local/ Discussion papers Too many studies are granted without real
dissemination, communication regional information transfer in the Communication records impact on the RE and EE
and training on successful RE region and outside
and EE projects
Number of training workshops/ Qualitative/ quantitative review of client profiles Feasibility and Sustainability of EEP can be
information dissemination seminars and feedback; under stress with an inexperienced institute.
organized by each National Coordinator

Number of participants in workshops Mailing lists Ministers are less inclined to follow
and seminars convocations of non-core institutions
R5 Proactive management of the Successful coordination of the EEP Programme reporting
EEP in the Andean Region through the host organization
providing visibility and
increasing strategic RE
alliances

5
Original Logical framework of the EEP in the Andean region, PD
Intervention Rationale
General Objectives
GO1: Promoting the use of renewable energy
sources and clean technologies, reducing the
of greenhouse gas emissions and contributing
towards the mitigation of the effects of
climate change in the Andean Region
GO2: Contributing to safe and sustainable
access to energy, especially in poor rural areas
in the Andean Region
Specific Objective
SO: Strengthening the knowledge base,
establishing know-how and an institutional
framework that supports the development of
renewable energies, specially bioenergy
and/or energy efficiency in the Andean Region
Results
R 1: The execution of applied research
projects and/or technological innovation
related to renewable energies, bioenergy
and/or energy efficiency
Intervention Rationale
R 2: The implementation of pilot or
demonstration projects that serve as reference
for the potential of renewable energies,
bioenergy and/or energy efficiency to improve
the conditions of life in people living under
poor conditions, specially in isolated rural
areas, and/or to solve an environmental
problem
R 3: The execution of studies or projects that
promote private initiatives regarding the
commercial and profitable use of renewable
Objectively Verifiable Indicators
Number of successfully
implemented projects in the EEP
Contest for project funding
Number people benefited from the
projects implemented in isolated
rural areas.
Number of participants in the
forums.
Number of private-public
partnerships around projects or
studies on renewable energies,
bioenergy, and/or energy efficiency
Number of successfully
implemented research projects and/or
technological innovation related to
renewable energies, bioenergy,
and/or energy efficiency.
Objectively Verifiable Indicators
Number of successfully executed
projects on renewable energies,
bioenergy, and/or energy
efficiency to improve the life of
people living under poor
conditions.
Number of beneficiaries
Number of studies or projects on
commercial use of renewable
energies, bioenergy, and/or
Verification methods
Project Reports
Evaluation and monitoring
reports
Project Reports
Evaluation and monitoring
reports
Project Reports
Evaluation and monitoring
reports
Verification methods
Project Reports
Evaluation and monitoring
reports
Research or project reports
Evaluation and monitoring
reports
Assumptions
Countries of the Andean Region
confirm their interest in promoting
initiatives based on renewable
energies, bioenergy and/or energy
efficiency, as part of their
environmental strategies for the
reduction of greenhouse gases
and/or rural development
Countries of the Andean Region
and relevant regional organizations
agree and firmly support the
establishment of the EEP
Programme in the Andean Region
There is an interest from the
research teams of national and
regional institutions to venture on
research initiatives related to
renewable energies, bioenergy,
and/or energy efficiency.
Assumptions
Organizations linked to rural
development have proposals to
improve access to energy services
in isolated rural areas taking
advantage of renewable energies,
bioenergy, and/or energy
efficiency.
Private companies are interested in
executing profitable ventures that
imply the commercial use of
6
energies, bioenergy and/or energy efficiency energy efficiency.
R 4: The execution of diffusion, Publications on issues of
dissemination, communication and/or training renewable energies, bioenergy,
projects on issues of renewable energies, and/or energy efficiency.
bioenergy and/or energy efficiency Events executed on issues of
renewable energies, bioenergy,
and/or energy efficiency.
R 5: The correct management of the EEP Coordination meetings executed
Programme in the Andean Region, providing by the EEP Programme in the
visibility and increasing strategic alliances on Andean Region
renewable energies and the reduction of Forums executed for the EEP
greenhouse gases Programme in the Andean
Region
Final event on impact of the EEP
Programme in the Andean
Region
renewable energies, bioenergy,
and/or energy efficiency.
Publications Educational, development and/or
Project Reports communication entities are
Audiovisual material from interested in promoting diffusion
events actions on issues of renewable
energies, bioenergy, and/or energy
efficiency..
Project Reports The EEP Programme in the
Audiovisual material from Andean Region and its
events corresponding organizational
structure has been established with
support from the Host
Organization and having identified
the EEP Administrators in each
country.
7
Annex 3: Questionnaire for group interviews

Universities:
1 What energy programme do you have in place? Focus of the programmes?
2 Any particular energy technologies focused upon?
3 Energy policy analysis, policy making, policy monitoring & evaluation?
4 How many students are following energy courses? How many PhD students in energy topics
and which ones?
5 Doing energy projects? Project list of the last 5 years?
6 What are project criteria: Relevance, feasibility (economically, organizationally),
institutional basis, social economic analysis, sustainability (economic, environmental,
development, financial)
7 How the projects are financed, their total costs, if partial where does the co-financing
originate from?
8 What is the level economic analysis applied? Multidisciplinary teams working together?
9 What are the main barriers for the technologies the University is focusing upon? Please
expand on this as this is going to be a main question in an interview). Barriers can be
technology related, finance related, execution related, regulation related (taxes, duties,
prescriptive rules), politics related.
10 What would be a typical level for support of a Financing partner like the intended Fund in
terms of real project subsidy, in terms of percentage of a project?
11 What would you propose as a focus for the intended Fund?
12 What would you think of additional project criteria as the cost/electrification for instance,
the contribution to the well-being of women and children, contribution to special groups like
indigenous communities, number of people served/unit of cost, contribution to reduction of
GHG emissions, impact on desertification and biodiversity. Rural/peri-urban/urban focus of
the Fund. Level of contribution to economic independence or economic production increase
(poverty alleviation potential)
13 Anything else you want to take up as an issue of importance related to the intended Fund?
Other donors or subsidy mechanisms you are aware of in this field?

Small and medium sized industries (SME/PYMES)

1. Any particular energy technologies focused upon?
2. List of projects over the last 5 years?
3. Number of employees, annual output in terms of systems produced, and sold?
4. Main problems/barriers in your sector/company?
5. What is the typical business model for your company? Sales only, after sales included,
complete projects, turn key delivered, operated by you, under licence production,
cooperation with NGOs?
6. How the projects are financed, their total costs, if partial: Where does the co-financing
originates from?
7. What is the level economic analysis applied?
8. What are the main barriers for the technologies the Universities is focusing upon? Please
expand on this as this is going to be a main question in an interview). Barriers can be
technology related, finance related, execution related, regulation related (taxes, duties,
prescriptive rules), politics related.
9. What would be a typical level for support of a Financing Partner like the intended Fund in
terms of real project subsidy (amount of Euros), in terms of percentage of a project?
10. What would you propose as a focus for the intended Fund?
11. What would you think of additional project criteria for the intended Fund, such as the
cost/electrification for instance, the contribution to the well-being of women and children,
contribution to special groups like indigenous communities, number of people served/unit of

8
 cost, contribution to reduction of GHG emissions, impact on desertification and biodiversity.
Rural/peri-urban/urban focus of the Fund. Level of contribution to economic independence
or economic production increase (poverty alleviation potential)
12. Anything else you want to take up as an issue of importance related to the intended Fund?
Maybe: Other donors or subsidy mechanisms you are aware of in this field?

NGOs
1. What is the focus of your NGO? Number of people working with you? Number of people
out there in the field? History of the NGO?
2. What role des energy issue play in your work? Any energy programme do you have in
place? Focus of the programme(s)?
3. Any particular energy technologies focused upon?
4. Energy policy analysis, policy making, policy monitoring & evaluation?
5. Doing energy projects? Project list of the last 5 years?
6. What are project criteria: Relevance, feasibility (economically, organizationally),
institutional basis, social economic analysis, sustainability (ec, env, development, financial)
7. How the projects are financed, their total costs, if partial where does the cofinance originates
from?
8. What is the level economic analysis applied? Multidisciplinary teams working together?
9. What are the main barriers for the technologies you are focusing upon? Please expand on
this as this is going to be a main question in an interview). Barriers can be technology
related, finance related, execution related, regulation related (taxes, duties, prescriptive
rules), politics related.
10. What would be a typical level for support of a Financing partner like the intended Fund in
terms of real project subsidy, in terms of percentage of a project?
11. What would you propose as a focus for the intended Fund?
12. What would you think of additional project criteria as the cost/electrification for instance,
the contribution to the well-being of women and children, contribution to special groups like
indigenous communities, number of people served/unit of cost, contribution to reduction of
GHG emissions, impact on desertification and biodiversity. Rural/peri-urban/urban focus of
the Fund. Level of contribution to economic independence or economic production increase
(poverty alleviation potential)
13. Anything else you want to take up as an issue of importance related to the intended Fund?
Maybe: Other donors or subsidy mechanisms you are aware of in this field?

9
Annex 4: RE Technologies focus in the Andean Region

Technologies Main focus/issues Countries

Photovoltaic panels (PV) Installation, repair, cap building B, C, E, P
Solar cooker Installation B, C, E, P
Solar heater Installation B, C, E, P
Solar dryer Installation B, C, E, P
Wind electricity generation Cap building B, C, P
Wind pumps Installation, cap building C, E, P
Hydroenergy mini Installation, repair, cap building B, E, P
Hydroenergy micro Installation, repair, cap building B, C, E, P
Hydroenergy pico Installation, repair, cap building B, C, E, P
Geothermic energy in partnership with bigger C, E, P
company
Bioethanol no
Biodiesel no
Biomass gasification Installation B, C, E, P
Biomass /waste Installation, cap building B, C, E, P
Improved cooking stoves Installation B, C, E, P
Energy Planning national B, C, E, P
regional B, C, E, P
municipality B, C, E, P
Energy regulations countrywise, regionwise B, C, E, P
Energy Efficiency in Cooling, heating, killns, B, C, E, P
Industry generators, transport, process
designs, product improvement,
cogeneration, heat-exchange
EE in transport improved motors, CNG and LPG B, C, E, P
introduction, improved buses
Energy Efficiency in CFL, insulation, cooling and B, C, E, P
Residential sector heating
EE in agriculture improved diesel pumps, B, C, E, P
gasification of waste, direct
burning,
EE in building and Eco design, Zero energy houses, B, C, E, P
construction

B = Bolivia; C = Colombia; E = Ecuador; P = Peru

Cap building = Capacity building

10
Annex 5: Comparison of potential host institutions

Funds (g)
Envirom.
OLADE

UNDP
IICA

CAF
BID

WB
(b)

(d)
(a)

(c)

(e)

(f)
CRITERIA

Focus of the organization Agricult. Energy Finance Finance Finance Cooperat. Cooperat.

1. Single contract
2. Is the institution governmental, supranational or
multilateral?
3. Can it accommodate the programme in question
*
within its own charter?
4. Is it willing to do so? ? ? ?
5. Does it have an established trajectory within
development cooperation?
6. Does it have offices in all four countries? *
7. Does it have adequate institutional connections in
each country?
8. Does it have experience with administration of
funds?
9. Does it have reliable and agile financial systems?
10. Can it plausibly operate efficiently as a "second
floor bank"?
11. Does it have adequate physical infrastructure and
communication facilities?
12. Does it have distance training experience and
? ? ?
capabilities?
13. Does it have an installed multidisciplinary
*
capacity?
14. Can it accommodate technical assistance of a
strengthening character?
15. Is it willing to contribute additional human
? ? ?
resources to the programme?
16. Can it flexibly accommodate the structural
architecture required?
17. Is the overhead to be charged reasonable? 7 – 8% 2 – 3% ? 3 – 5% ? ? ?
18. Expertise in renewable energy * *
19. Expertise in energy efficiency * ?
20. Expertise in energy policy ?
21. Have the capacity to co-finance projects? * *
Criteria achieved Y / N / ¿? 15/5/0 18/2/0 17/0/3 20/0/0 17/0/3 14/2/4 12/6/2

ADITIONAL CRITERIA
22. Require institutional strengthening to handle the
*
energy issue in the EEP approach
= Yes; = No; * = see reference note; ? = unknown institutional opinion

11
 Analysis of the entities – comments to criteria

1. INSTITUTO INTERAMERICANOS DE COOPERACION PARA LA

AGRICULTURA (IICA)

a.3.- According to its actual institutional mandate IICA is not in the condition to accommodate the
programme. It has to revise its mission and objectives to be able to guarantee continuity
beyond the programme’s existence. In spite of the important communication from the IICA
Director General, in which he expresses interest in hosting the programme, it is important to
keep in mind that a clear resolution from the Executive Committee of IICA is needed, as this
programme would be taking them into areas that are not defined within their institutional
mandate. There could be the risk that this approach would not be accepted by the Committee.

a.7.- In the first place IICA has relationships with the ministries of agriculture. These ministers are
taking part in the Directing Committee (Assembly of Ministers) of the institution. They have a
relatively marginal relationship with the ministers of environment and no relationship with the
ministers of energy or production. In terms of their institutional networks they have important
dealings with specific networks regarding biofuels, biotechnology and agriculture.
a.13.-Multidisciplinarity in the energy field, being part of one of ANDEA’s needs, is not
institutionalized in IICA. The existing multidisciplinarity to fulfill its mandate is functional to
agricultural issues.
a.18.-The priorities described in it’s Prioridades para la acción estratégica 2006 – 2010 (p68),
regarding the issue of bioenergy are in the context of Promotion of the incorporation of
bioenergy in the Andean region under the objective of modernization of agriculture and rural
development. The next description is met:
ii) To boost harmonization of policies regarding biotechnology, biosecurity, agro biodiversity
and bioenergy.

One of the technical areas, among others, is agroenergy and biofuels, with the general objective “To
design and to implement a continental programme of technical cooperation in agroenergy and
biofuels which allows for the insertion of new opportunities generated by agriculture in terms of
alternative source of energy”. This is a general objective which has been running for 4 years, and no
specific activities are reported on the realization of this objective.

2. ORGANIZACION LATINOAMERICANA DE ENERGIA (OLADE)

b.5.- The main office is localized in Quito. There are no representing offices in Perú, Colombia y
Bolivia. The organization has three local offices in other countries.
b.6.- Its direct relations are with the ministries of energy. These ministers represent the countries in
the General Assembly of the organization. There are relationships with the ministries of
environment. OLADE covers all aspects of the energy theme in the four countries of interest.
b.12.-Multidisciplinarity in the energy field, being part of one of ANDEA’s needs, is
institutionalized in OLADE. OLADE has programmes and projects which have a direct
bearing on the needs of ANDEA in terms of technical complementarities. These are in the
mandate and objectives of OLADE.
b.-17 / 18.- The Operational Plan of 2010 presents the following projects in the areas of Renewable
Energy Sources, Environment, Energy Efficiency Capacity building:
Renewable Energy Sources and Environment:
Study on the vulnerability of the energy sector (hydro electricity) related to Climate change
and adaptation measures.
Corporate Social Reponsibility (CSR): Support to RSE and competitivity in the energy
sector of the ALC.
V Latinamerican and Caribbean Seminar on biofuels

12
 V Latinamerican Carbon Forum
Best practices of climate change programmes in Latin America and the Caribbean – Climate
change Network
Analysis of lessons learned of renewable energy source programmes in Latinamerica and the
Caribbean – Renewable Sources Network
Observatory of Renewable energy sources
Regional biofuels Programme
Rural Electrification, Phase II

Energy efficiency:
Energy Efficiency Programme for ALC, PALCEE
III Seminar on Energy Efficiency in Latinamerica and the Caribbean.
Evaluation of results and indicators of energy efficiency programmes – Network of
institutions in Latinamerica and the Caribbean
Development of a guide for the calculation of technical losses in electricity distribution
systems.
Climate Change – programmatic Clean Development Mechanism
Solar heater project in ALC

Capacity building and courses:

Perspectives of nuclear energy generation
Use and applications of the system of National Energy Information, Version 3
Norms and Nomenclature for Energy Efficiency (in english)
Developments and applications of wind energy for the electricity generation
Use and applications of the System of National Energy Information (SIEN), version 3 (in
English)
Developments and applications of Renewable energy: Wind and biomass for electricity
generation (in English).
Post master course in energy and social inclusion.
Programme of Executive Formation – Energy Planning.

3. CORPORACIÓN ANDINA DE FOMENTO (CAF)

d.21.- They have the follow initiatives with similar objectives to those of EEP.

- "Latin American Carbon Program (PLC), one of its lines is "clean, alternative energy
promotion" with emphasis on development of wind power, geothermal, small hydro,
biomass, biogas, among others. In addition it seeks development of initiatives leading to
energy efficiency.
- Special Financing Program for Clean Energy Projects (Propel), which aims to promote /
finance implementation of projects of small- and medium-scale sectors and clean energy
alternatives, like energy efficiency in Latin America.
- Program for Disaster Risk Management and Adaptation (PREV) aims at supporting the
prevention, mitigation and care of the socio-economic and environmental disasters
associated with phenomena and changes in natural systems. Support projects and activities
such as: The adaptation and vulnerability to climate change;

CAF has as a strategic priority to promote social and environmental sustainability of its
interventions in the region. That is why in addition to help finance projects, programs and

13
 enterprises with social content, CAF interventions emphasize the need to work on institutional
strengthening of social sectors. This objective is expressed in alliances and agreements between the
various actors, and in deepening the analysis of social and environmental problems and solutions in
the region.

This comprehensive sustainable development strategy seeks to:

- Incorporate social and environmental dimensions as cross-cutting issues to boost the

provision of sustainable basic social services, mainly to the poorest and most-marginalized
sectors of society.
- Contribute to the development of human capital in promoting equitable access to quality
education and health.
- Preserve and promote community and cultural development in the region.
- Promote the creation of productive employment opportunities and quality for the most
vulnerable groups of society.

d.22 .- CAF expressed and confirmed its genuine interest to host the EEP.

Questionnaire and answers of CAF: organizational capacities

1. Single contract.
Yes.
2. Is the institution governmental, supranational or multilateral (that is, official)? Single
contract
CAF is a multilateral financial institution.
3. Can it accommodate the program in question within its own charter?
Yes subject to specific arrangements, that may arise, according to the program or specific
definitions of signing institutions.
4. Is it willing to do so?
Yes.
5. Does it have an established trajectory within development cooperation?
Yes, CAF was established in 1970 and since then, mobilizes resources from International
markets to Latin America to provide multiple banking services to its shareholder countries, in its
commitment to sustainable development and regional integration.
6. Does it have offices in all four countries?
Yes, CAF has offices in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.
7. Does it have adequate institutional connections in each country?
Yes, all four countries are associated members of CAF. CAF has been working in all of them
since its foundation.
8. Does it have experience with administration of funds?
9. Yes, one of the services of CAF is the technical cooperation. As an example, in 2009 CAF
approved over US$ 37MM in technical cooperation, adding the amounts of all the lines of action
and countries. On the environmental area CAF has successfully managed or executed funds,
programs and international resources from GEF, Dutch Ministry of Environment, Spanish
Ministry of Environment, among others.
10. Does it have reliable and agile financial systems?
Yes. An important part of CAF work is to provide valuable and timely financial services to the
public and private sectors in the form of loans, guarantees, and collateral financial advisory and
investment banking, treasury services, shareholdings, and technical cooperation among others.
11. Can it plausibly operate efficiently as a “second floor bank”?
Yes.
12. Does it have adequate physical infrastructure and communication facilities?

14
 Yes, CAF has offices in several countries, Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Colombia, Ecuador,
Panamá, Perú, y Uruguay besides of the headquarters in Caracas-Venezuela. There is a
permanent communication among all of the offices in order to coordinate the activities.
13. Does it have distance training experience and capabilities?
Yes.
14. Does it have an installed multidisciplinary capacity?
Yes, CAF works in several areas of action besides environment, including social development,
infrastructure, public policies and research and corporate and financial sector.

15. Can it accommodate technical assistance of a strengthening character?

Yes. This might be one of the CAF contributions.
16. Is it willing to contribute additional human resources to the program?
Yes, CAF has already a very solid environmental team that would contribute to the program.
Additional human resources could be hired accordingly to the overhead fees.
17. Can it flexibly accommodate the structural architecture required by the program?
Yes.
18. Is it overhead to be charged reasonable?
Yes, < 5%.
19. Expertise in renewable energy
CAF counts with several programs related with the renewable energy and energy efficiency:
Sustainable Energy Program; Renewable Energies and Energy Efficiency Program (ER/EE) an
alliance of CAF and KfW; Latin American Carbon, Clean and Alternative Energies Program
(PLAC+e); and, Special Funding Program for Clean Energy Projects (PROPEL). Also
investment on equity capital, on the Clean Tech Fund. Through its regular funding, CAF also
finances big projects in renewable, clean and energy efficiency projects.
20. Expertise in energy efficiency
Yes, the same as in question 18.
21. Expertise in energy policy
22. CAF supports energy infrastructure projects, policy development and analysis in Latin-American
countries. There are various think-tanks, program type, that cover energy policy, from the sector,
the economic and the sustainability perspectives. Some of the publications in this issue can be
downloaded in our institutional website (e.g. “Informe sectorial - Ecuador: Análisis del sector
eléctrico, 2007”, “Energía Sin Fronteras, 2000”, “Energy projects for the Integration of the
Andes Region, 1993”, among others).
23. Have the capacity to co-finance projects?
Yes, CAF is the main source of multilateral financing in the Andean region.
24. Require institutional strengthening to handle the energy issue with the EEP approach?
Although CAF has a highly qualified and experienced work team, it would be welcome any
external support which helps the strengthening of our institutional capacities.

Questionnaire and answers of OLADE: organizational capacities

1. Is the institution governmental, supranational or multilateral (that is, official)?

OLADE is an intergovernmental organization formed by 26 Latin American and Caribbean

Member Countries and 1 Participating Country (Algeria). The counterparts in each country are
the Ministries of Energy. The Lima Agreement is the constitutional base of OLADE and it was
ratified by the 26 Member Countries parliaments.

2. Can it accommodate the programme in question within its own charter?

15
Within OLADE`s objectives and functions, the promotion and development of renewable
energy and energy efficiency has been considered of paramount importance. In fact, the
Organization has been developing programs in these two areas since its establishment. It also
has specialized technical staff, such as Renewable Energy and Environmental Coordinator and
Energy Efficiency Coordinator. In that regard, OLADE can easily incorporate this programme
within its annual working plan.

3. Is it willing to do so?

Yes. OLADE has a mandate from Energy Ministers to increase the support to projects on
renewable energy and energy efficiency in its Member Countries.

4. Does it have an established trajectory within development cooperation?

OLADE is a political and technical support organization aimed at energy and environmental
aspects, by means of which it’s Member Countries undertake common efforts to achieve
integration and development in the regional energy market. In that regard, the cooperation
mechanism is a main tool for advisory and support to its Member Countries.

5. Does it have offices in all four countries?

OLADE has a liaison officer in each of the Energy Ministers called OLADE`s National
Coordinator, who usually is a Vice Minister or General Director.

6. Does it have adequate institutional connections in each country?

OLADE`s National Coordinator in each country is a top level executive officer in the Energy
Ministries.

7. Does it have experience with administration of funds?

OLADE focuses all funds management of its projects in its headquarters in Quito – Ecuador,
and it administrates the funds through wire transfers to its national counterparts or project
managers.

8. Does it have reliable and agile financial systems?

OLADE`s financial system is simple, agile and reliable. Whenever it is necessary, the
Administration and Finance Management staff travels to the country where the project is being
run in order to carry out administrative issues.

9. Can it plausibly operate efficiently as a "second floor bank"?

Since its establishment, OLADE has been managing international cooperation funds for the
development of regional programs involving activities in several countries throughout the
region. Also, OLADE has managed Trust funds on behalf of international organizations who
develop projects in the region. Annually an audit is carried out for all funds managed by
OLADE, and so far we have not had remarks on the administrative procedures. This audit is
presented at the Energy Ministers’ Meetings.

10. Does it have adequate physical infrastructure and communication facilities?

16
OLADE has a headquarter with all the infrastructure and appropriate communication facilities
to its staff and fluent coordination with its counterpart in its 26 Member Countries, as well as
the monitoring and management of all the development projects in the beneficiary countries.

As an example of these facilities, OLADE has a Virtual Communication System (SICVE),

which allows interacting with several stakeholders at the same time in different countries, in
order to hold coordination or technical meetings.

11. Does it have distance training experience and capabilities?

OLADE has a yearly virtual training program named CAPEV, which allows developing training
courses with the participation of national bodies and specialist through a web link. In 2009, 15
courses were carried out with the participation of around 2,000 delegates from its 26 Member
Countries, and its Participating Country.

12. Does it have an installed multidisciplinary capacity?

OLADE undertakes activities in several areas. These areas are oil, natural gas, electric power,
renewable energy, energy efficiency, energy information.

In all these areas OLADE carries out capacity building to strengthen the technical capacity of
the Member Countries` officials. Among its training programs OLADE carries out Certificate
programs, Specialized courses and seminars and collaborates with a Masters programme in
Sustainable Energy.

13. Can it accommodate technical assistance of a strengthening character?

Training is one of the main activities OLADE has been undertaking in benefit of its Member
Countries. Staff displacement being very common in the governmental entities, there is always
need for strengthening their staff’s technical skills.

14. Is it willing to contribute additional human resources to the programme?

As it was previously explained, OLADE has two specialists in renewable energy and energy
efficiency. For the development of any cooperation project we are always involving
international and national external consultancy according to the needs.

15. Can it flexibly accommodate the structural architecture required by the programme?

The expected architecture in this programme is the same as the one OLADE uses in this kind of
projects: A Project Director, National Project Coordinator, Project local counterparts, and
National Consultant teams.

16. Is the overhead to be charged reasonable?

OLADE is willing to recover only the internal administrative expenses for the programme.

17. ¿How the issue of not having representations in Bolivia, Peru and Colombia can be
handled?

The Nacional Coordinators in each country would be contracted with EEP program funds. The
selection of the National Coordinators would be based on a short list suggested by our national

17
counterparts, the Ministries of Energy.

OLADE and the supported projects interact directly with the National Coordinators of OLADE
in these countries, which in this case are:

• Bolivia: Ministerial Adviser, Office

• Colombia: Director General of the Energy Mining Planning Unit (UPME)
• Peru: General Director of Electricity

19. What are the direct and indirect costs of operating the fund?

The direct costs would be the fees and travel expenses of consultants hired for the EEP program:

• Regional Coordinator
• National Coordinator in Bolivia
• National Coordinator in Colombia
• National Coordinator in Peru

Functions of the National Coordinator in Ecuador EEP program will be developed by the Head
of the Program.
Some travel costs of OLADE officials, especially to assist to national and sub-regional events
related to the EEP can be considered.
Indirect costs would be to cover activities associated with the implementation of the
Programme:

• Accounting of the Program

• Use of virtual communication facilities
• Use of virtual training facilities
• Cost of communication: telephone, courrier
• Translations

20. How to integrate the technical team?

The EEP program team would be under the responsibility of the Director of Planning and
Projects of OLADE. The responsibility chain can be comprised as follows:

Director de Planificación
y Proyectos OLADE
Coordinador Fuentes Coordinador Eficiencia
Renovables OLADE Energética OLADE
Jefe del Programa EEP
(Regional Coordinator)

Coordinador Nacional Coordinador Nacional Coordinador Nacional

Programa EEP - Bolivia Programa EEP - Colombia Programa EEP - Perú

The Program Manager (Regional Coordinator) would be the technical advisor and
support/supervison for the Coordinators of Renewable Resources and Environment and Energy
Efficiency of OLADE. He will also be responsible for the activities of the EEP program in
Ecuador, which host country of OLADE.
18
The National Coordinators report directly to the Regional Coordinator, and will have the
institutional support of the National Partners of OLADE in those countries.

19. Detailing the institutional expertise to demonstrate the capabilities.

The following projects in the areas of Renewable Resources & Environment, Energy Efficiency
and Training are included in the Annual Operating Plan 2010:

Renewable Resources and Environment:

• Study on the vulnerability of the energy sector (hydro) in Central America with climate change
and adaptation measures
• Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): Support for CSR and competitiveness of the energy
sector in Latin American and the Caribbean
• V Latin American and the Caribbean Seminar on Biofuels
• Latin American Carbon Forum V
• Study of best practices in climate change programs in Latin America and the Caribbean -
Climate Change Network
• Analysis of lessons learned from programs of renewable energy in Latin America and the
Caribbean - Renewable Network
• Renewable Energy Observatory
• Regional Programme on Biofuels
• Rural Electrification, Phase II

Energy Efficiency:

• Program for Energy Efficiency ALC, PALCEE

• III Latin American and Caribbean Seminar on Energy Efficiency
• Evaluation of outcomes and indicators of energy efficiency programs - Network of Institutions
in Latin America and the Caribbean
• Develop a guide for the calculation of technical losses in electrical distribution systems
• Climate Change - Programmatic CDM
• Project LAC Solar Heaters

Training: the following courses have been planned:

• Prospects for Nuclear Power Generation

• Use and applications of the National Energy Information System, Version 3.0
• Standards and Labelling for Energy Efficiency (English)
• Technological Trends and Applications of Wind Energy for power generation
• Use and applications of the National Energy Information System (NEIS) version 3.0 (English)
• Technological Trends and Applications of Renewable Energy: Wind and biomass for power
generation (English)
• Economic regulation for the hydrocarbon sector (Upstream)
• Postgraduate course in energy and social inclusion
• Executive Development Program - Energy Planning

19
Annex 6: Project cycle for EEP in the Andean Region

Activity Deadline Responsible

Issuance of the Call for Proposals EC, NC
Reception of Project Profiles 3 weeks proponents
Evaluation of Project Proposals 3-6 weeks NC, RC
Letter of rejection/approval 1 week NC
Reception of Project Proposals 6 weeks proponents
Evaluation of Project Proposals 3-6 weeks NC, RC
Letters of rejection/approval 1 week RC
Negotiations with the winners 2 weeks NC, RC
Contract signing 1 week NC
Project execution X<1,5 year Proponents
Monitoring of execution Half yearly NC
Finalization of execution Proponents
Final acceptance of the project result 2 weeks NC, RC
Monitoring of results Half yearly RC

EC = Executive Committee
RC = Regional Coordinator
NC = National Coordinators

20
Annex 7: Risks per RE technologies

Technology Technical economic/financial Organizational

Photovoltaic panels (PV) Battery, switch, cabling Expensive at purchase Maintenance, installation
regulations
Solar cooker None Expensive but economically maintenance
attractive
Solar heater Plastic quality Cheap relatively Installation, maintenance
mixing warm/cold guarantee
constant water regulations
temperature
Solar dryer Plastic quality Rather cheap Installation maintenance
moisture level guarantee, regulations
rats, fungi
Passive solar energy in Material Knowledge, Relatively cheap, building Rather unknown in Andes
building/construction solar patterns, chimneys, double roofing, region. Missing
materials, building heat cold storage regulations.
knowledge
Wind energy Int technology is OK Expensive Regulations negative
Local technology Relatively cheap (5-50 kW No rules, no guarantees
varies greatly, wind capacity) maintenance.
data
Wind pumps Technically varying Rather cheap Not sufficient market
some succesful models demand, maintenance, new
in Peru parts, no guarantees
Hydroenergy mini No risks Rather expensive Maintenance low
water flow data guarantees, regulations
Hydroenergy micro No risks Rather expensive Maintenance low
water flow data guarantees, regulations
Hydroenergy pico Small risk Rather expensive Maintenance low
water flow data guarantees, regulations
Geothermic energy Usually high risk Borehole costs high Ownership problems
borehole selection heat use dependent No regulations
capacity uncertain no guarantees
Bioethanol Complicated Large banks only, Usually big industries
big investments
Biomass gasification Acidity checks and Usually for smallholders,
temperature checks , good results
materials difficult
sometimes
Biomass /waste Biomass /waste Rather expensive Big cities, political
problems common, very
different technologies,
competition between rest
product uses
Improved cooking stoves Complicated reception Very cheap Attitude change

21
Annex 8: Terms of Reference for Regional Coordinator, Technical Assistance and National
Coordinators

The organisational set-up for the EEP is composed by a Regional Technical Team and four National
Offices hosted by IICA, the latter carrying out administrative, secretary and dissemination tasks on
behalf of the programme. The overall management of the Programme is in the responsibility of the
Regional Technical Team (RTT), which includes a Regional Coordinator (RC), a Chief Technical
Adviser (CTA, International Technical Assistance) and a Socio - Environment Expert (SEE,
International Technical Assistance). In addition, the programme should incorporate a secretary, an
accountant and a Communication Expert, as support staff from IICA.
The short-term consultancies should include the elaboration of the Monitoring and Evaluation
System of the programme and the Capacity Building Programme in RE technologies and other
relevant themes according to the expressed needs.

REGIONAL COORDINATOR

General Description
The General Coordinator has the responsibility for the four key functions of the programme:
Administration, Information Clearinghouse, Coordination and Quality Assurance. The Coordinator
is responsible for the Program’s administration and financial management, coordination with
governmental institutions, partners, and external counterparts with whom cooperation agreements
are established. The duties and specific functions of the Regional Coordinator are:

Effective administration and execution of the Program

Financial management of the Program
Support for liaison /meetings of the Executive Committee
Promote the EEP Andean Information clearinghouse
Effective coordination with internal and external partners
Coordination of project activities in cooperation with other members of programme, for
example the National Coordination Units, SGCAN, the Executive Committee, and the
representatives of the donors as well as other program counterparts
Establish policy dialogue with regional and national institutions on RE policies (e.g.
providing feed-back from Project experiences etc.)
Quality Assurance: keep an overview on relevance, effectiveness, efficiency and
sustainability of the Programme

Qualifications:
The General Coordinator should have at least 15 years of professional experience, with 10 in
project administration and management, including financial management of international
projects.
Knowledge and working experience in the Andean countries (Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador y
Peru)
Experience with public funding, fund management and selection processes of project
proposals
Master’s degree or higher in engineering, business administration, natural resources
management, energy, economy or a relevant field related to the programme.
Language skills: shall have fluency in written and spoken Spanish and working knowledge
of English.

22
CHIEF TECHNICAL ADVISER (INTERNATIONAL TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE)

General Description
The CTA will be the adviser in issues related to RE and EE. He/she will prepare the guidelines for
project proposals’ preparation and facilitate the call for proposals. The CTA receives the proposals
from the National Coordinators, and will be in charge of the technical evaluations. Together with
the Regional Coordination Team, he is responsible for the regional aspects of the proposals,
resulting in a balanced portfolio regarding energy technologies. He proposes themes for the
Regional Forums, for the capacity building programme according to the needs.
The activities to be carried out are:

Prepares the proposal presentation in the Regional Coordination Team (RTT) for a decision on
the financial support;
Prepares the presentation of the proposals in the Executive Committee meeting for final
approval;
Contributes to the set-up of a project information system which allows for easy retrieval of
project information and which is supportive to the reporting requirements of the Donor;
Establish contacts with regional and international renewable energy companies / organizations to
ensure adequate technology transfer, and support the National Coordinators;
Networks with national and regional chambers of industry / commerce in order to integrate
representatives of the business community into the regional forums;
Support quality of approved projects according to donor requirements;
Propose short-term consultancies, for project preparation support, monitoring and supervision; in
collaboration with the Regional Coordinator and National Coordinators;
Ensure harmonization of EEP activities with other donor initiatives (UN organizations, multi and
bilateral donors) and alignment with local initiatives and support systems (local subsidy systems
for renewable energy and environment) in consultation with the Regional Coordinator.

Qualifications
The CTA should have at least 10 years of professional experience in the energy sector of which 5 in
the RE sector and 3 years of experience in project administration and management. The Technical
Coordinator should have the following capacities:

Ability and skills to plan, coordinate, manage and execute programs, policies and actions aimed
at the development and promotion of RE and EE projects
Experience with public funding, fund management and selection processes
Knowledge on a broad range of RE and EE technologies as well as on climate change issues,
including UNFCCC Agenda
Knowledge about the Andean countries (Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador y Peru)
Master degree or higher in engineering, energy, natural resources management, economics or a
relevant field related to the programme.
Experience with investment projects in the RE-field
Language skills: shall have fluency in written and spoken English and working knowledge of
Spanish

23
SOCIO – ENVIRONMENT EXPERT (INTERNATIONAL TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE)

General Description
The Socio-Environmental Expert will be in charge of the environmental and social frameworks of
the programme, and will assists in the RTT in integrating social, gender, environmental and climate
change related aspects in the Programme and proposals, according to the Finnish Development
Policy.

The SEE will elaborate guidelines and provide training in these issues, liaison with key partners and
systematize experiences and lessons-learnt.

Qualifications
The Technical Assistant (TA) should have at least 5 years of professional experience in
environmental and social impact assessment, rural development and poverty reduction in
developing countries.
Experience in climate change issues, gender and social inclusion.
Working experience in Latin America, experience in the Andean Countries is an asset.

Other qualifications:
Masters degree or higher in a field related to the Program.
Language skills: shall have fluency in written and spoken English and working knowledge of
Spanish

NATIONAL COORDINATOR

General Description
The National Coordinator will be a representative of the Andean EEP in the country of residence.
He administrates the partnership program locally in close consultation with the host institution.
He/She manages the day-to-day process of project development including eventual consultants
deemed necessary. He will report directly to the Regional Coordinator and CTA on all issues
regarding technical issues and projects, and on the administration and information dissemination of
the projects at national level.

Responsibilities
The National Coordinator has the responsibility for the four key functions Administration,
Information Clearinghouse, Coordination and Quality Assurance of projects at a national level. The
Coordinator is responsible for the Program’s Administration in the national host office. The duties
and specific functions of the National Coordinator are:

Monitor the administrative and financing execution of the Partnership at national level;
Develop strategies and tools to facilitate EEP activities on national level under the guidance of
the RTT;
Submit relevant projects profiles to the Regional Technical Team;
Elaborate the project contracts for project execution in cooperation with the host institution;
Inform the RTT on project execution progress and obstacles;
Monitor contract agreements between project implementers and the host institution;
Planning and organizing local forums on specific issues in RE, EE and environment, based upon
identified needs;
Inform and discuss with other National Coordinators regarding technologies, projects and
approaches, problems and opportunities
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 Network with national and regional chambers of industry / commerce in order to integrate
representatives of the business community into the regional forums.
Suggest to the RTT studies and surveys which are considered necessary in order to achieve the
Partnership objectives;

Qualifications
The National Coordinator should have at least 10 years of experience in project administration and
management. The General Coordinator should have the following competencies:

Experience in working with governmental institutions, private sector, NGOs, indigenous

community’s and, bilateral and multilateral organizations;
Awareness of business trends and economic, technological, environmental, social, legal and
political conditions and factors which could affect the viability of renewable energy projects;
Knowledge about the Andean countries (Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador y Peru), and working
experience in various Andean Countries;
Experience with public funding, fund management and selection processes of proposals would
be an advantage;

Other qualifications:
Master’s degree or higher in business administration, engineering, energy, natural resources
management, economy or a similar field related to the program;
Good skills in program budget administration;
Language skills: shall have fluency in written and spoken Spanish and working knowledge of
English.

COMMUNICATION EXPERT

General Description
The Communication Expert (half-time) will be in charge of the Communication and Information
dissemination activities including the systematization of information. The Expert will prepare a
communication strategy / program diffusion to visualize EEP’s objectives and results.
Contributes to periodical reports (or other communication documents/media) on the progress and
achievements of the Partnership program in relation to its objectives, results and indicators
Prepares the set-up of a project information system which allows for easy retrieval of project
information and which is supportive to the reporting requirements of the Donor;
Contribute to effective public relations and publication of information on EEP in the Andean
region and for the donors (communication strategy, forums);
Assure the optimal use of the information technologies during the implementation of the
Partnership with emphasis on the Internet (website development and maintenance,
communication with other members of the Partnership, etc.)
Refresh information on similar programs and projects in the field of renewable energy and
energy efficiency that are being implemented or proposed in the region (e.g. BID, CAF, OLADE,
CEPAL, USAID, UE, IICA etc); Set up and maintenance of a database on similar programmes
Refresh information on national subsidy programs in partner countries in the field of energy and
environment;

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Qualifications
The Communication Expert should have at least 5 years of experience in communication and
dissemination, and a Masters degree or higher in Public Relations, Communication or other related
field.

Knowledge about the Andean countries (Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador y Peru)

Excellent skills in information technology (web page, databases, social media, media)
Language skills: Spanish.

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 Annex 9: Concept Note Evaluation Form European Union

ACP-EC ENERGY FACILITY

EVALUATION OF THE CONCEPT NOTE: COMPONENT 2

Grid completed by (Name printed)

Date
Number of the CN (Reference Number

A N N EX A C O N C EP T N O T E
S UM M ARY DATA - CO NCEPT NO TE
G e n e r a l I n fo r m a ti o n
T i tl e o f th e P r o j e c t:
C o m p o n e n t:

P r o j e c t d u r a t i o n ( m o n th s):
M u l t i -c o u n t r y p r o j e c t?
C o u n tr y / i e s:

N a m e o f th e A p p l i c a n t:
S ta tu s o f th e a p p l i c a n t:
P a r tn e r s (i f a p p l i c a b l e ) :
P a rt n e r 1 :
S ta tu s :
P a rt n e r 2 :
S ta tu s :
P a rt n e r 3 :
S ta tu s :
P a rt n e r 4 :
S ta tu s :
O t h e r P a rt n e rs :

T e c h n i c a l C h a r a c te r i s ti c s
E n e r g y so u r c e :
B io m a s s W in d p o w e r
F o r c o o k in g ? H y d ro p o w e r
B i o fu e l s G e o t h e rm a l
S o la r p o w e r E n e rg y e ffi c i e n c y
P h o t o vo l t a i c O t h e rs (d e s c rib e ):
T h e rm a l

A c tiv ity
G e n e ra t i o n R e h a b ilit a t io n N e w s y s te m
T ra n s m i s s i o n R e h a b ilit a t io n N e w s y s te m
D is t rib u t io n R e h a b ilit a t io n N e w s y s te m

O n l y fo r C o m p o n e n t 2 : N r o f b e n e fi c i a r i e s p e r a r e a :
D e ve l o p m e n t e n e rg y p o l i c i e s R u ra l g ro w t h c e n t r e s
C a p a c i t y b u i l d i n g a c t i vi t i e s R u ra l s c a t t e r e d p o p u l a t i o n
S t u d ie s P e ri-u rb a n
O t h e rs (d e s c r i b e ): O t h e r:
T o t a l n r o f b e n e fi c i a ri e s
P ro je c t F in a n c in g
E u ro %
R e q u e s t t o t h e E C (E n e rg y F a c i l i t y ): # D IV / 0 !
O t h e r c o n t ri b u t i o n s # D IV / 0 !
T o t a l C o st:

27
 Summary of CN (objectives, target groups -maximum 8 lines)

Summary of Evaluation -maximum 10 lines)

Summary Scores Total Score

1/ Relevance
2/ Effectiveness and Feasibility of the action
3/ Sustainability of the action

TOTAL :

1. Relevance of the action Sub Score

1.1 Relevance of the action needs and constraints of the country/region to be
/5
addressed in general, and to those of the target groups and final beneficiaries
in particular.
1.2 Relevance of applicant's capacity and experience to specific action proposed /5

1.3 Relevance to the specific objectives of the CfP mentioned in the Guidelines /5
1.4 Relevance to the priorities of the Cfp mentioned in the Guidelines
/5

1.5 Relevance to the policy orientations and recommendations of the CfP /5

mentioned in the Guidelines

Total score: / 25

28
1.1 Relevance of the action needs and constraints of the country/region to be addressed in general, and
to those of the target groups and final beneficiaries in particular.
Country/Region
Have the energy governance and framework (enabling environment) needs and constraints of the
country/region been adequately described and interrelated?
Have country/regional energy governance and framework needs and constraints been quantified- where
appropriate?
Will the project promote pro-poor legislation and policies?
Is the action in line with national/regional/local plans and priorities?
Does the activity avoid overlap with other actions and take account of/benefit from synergies/
harmonisation with other projects/ programmes such as other EU MS activities in the ACP countries?
Target groups/ Final beneficiaries
Have target groups and final beneficiaries (amongst population in the target areas; regional, national and
local authorities/actors; private sector; development banks; NGOs; Energy Centres, Agencies and Industry
Associations; local context and sustainability considerations) been clearly defined and strategically
selected, are they relevant to the action and do they include the poor?
Have target groups and final beneficiaries been quantified – where appropriate?
Are local actors (authorities, private sector and communities) involved and is it envisaged that dialogue
between these actors and the authorities in charge of policies and with international donors will be
promoted?
Have the socio-economic needs and constraints of target groups/ final beneficiaries been adequately
described in terms of governance and the enabling environment?

Assessors comments:
Strengths

Weaknesses

1.2 Relevance of applicant's capacity and experience to specific action proposed

Does the applicant have sufficient experience in the energy governance and framework sector in the
region/ countries in which the action is to take place - experience in identical or similar activities (nature,
type, size, complexity, sector)?
Does the applicant have links to local, national authorities responsible for management and administration
of services?
Does the applicant have a network of contacts that can be drawn on for advice relative to the action?
Is the capacity of the Applicant sufficient to manage the action?

Assessors comments:
Strengths

Weaknesses

1.3 Relevance to the specific objectives of the CfP mentioned in the Guidelines
Is the CN relevant to the overarching goal of the CfP (access to energy services; combating climate
change; achieving the MDGs and WSSD objectives on energy)?
Is the CN relevant to the specific objectives of the CfP (improving governance and framework conditions in
relation to access to modern, affordable, sustainable energy services for rural and peri-urban areas; social
and household uses; focussing on renewable energy solutions etc; reinforced capacities of key
stakeholders development of an enabling environment, strengthened country/ regional cooperation; private
sector investment; public-private partnerships; adequate institutional and regulatory framework; stable
investment context long term activities of private companies; collaboration with development banks).
Is the CN relevant to the specific Objective for Component 2 (improve governance and framework
conditions in the energy sector at regional, national and local levels, in particular those aimed at promoting
renewable energy and energy efficiency)?

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Assessors comments:
Strengths

Weaknesses

1.4 Relevance to the priorities of the Cfp mentioned in the Guidelines

Which of the specific priorities of the CfP is the action relevant to and how? (priority given to initiatives
which will help to put in place adequate frameworks for increasing access to energy services in a
perspective of poverty reduction and for the development of renewable energy and energy efficiency
technologies)?

Assessors comments:
Strengths

Weaknesses

1.5 Relevance to the policy orientations and recommendations of the CfP mentioned in the Guidelines
Which of the specific policy orientations and recommendations of the CfP is the action relevant to and
how? (national authorities policies and strategies, coordination of actions with wider sector cooperation
framework)
How much coherence is there with partner countries' national and regional planning frameworks in
order to ensure efficiency and coordination of work?
Is the project coherent with the Country and/or Regional Strategy Papers?
Assessors comments:
Strengths

Weaknesses

2. Effectiveness and Feasibility of the action Sub Score

2.1 Assessment of the problem identification and analysis.
/5

2.2 Assessment of the proposed activities (practicality and consistency in relation /5

to the objectives, purpose and expected results).

2.3 Assessment of the role and involvement of all stakeholders and, if applicable, /5
proposed partners.

Total score: / 15
2.1 Assessment of the problem identification and analysis.
Quality of background information leading to presentation of CN?
Have the problems been adequately identified and analysed as a basis for the action (enabling
environment, capacity, governance)?
Has the baseline situation (quantified if possible) been adequately defined?
Adequate analysis of problems involved and highlight of main assumptions taking into account external
factors such as the willingness of all stakeholders to engage in adopting improved governance and an
improved enabling environment?
Has the capacity of all key stakeholders in relation to improved governance been adequately
assessed?

30
Assessors comments:
Strengths

Weaknesses

2.2 Assessment of the proposed activities (practicality and consistency in relation to the objectives,
purpose and expected results).
To what extent will the concept give support to the development of an enabling environment for the
energy sector at regional, national and local level?
To what extent is the action likely to contribute to the development or implementation of sound energy
policies, strategies and facilitate the removal of the main obstacles to the private sector's involvement
in the energy sector?
Will the project give support to public policies of the Ministries in charge, the local authorities, the
regulatory bodies, national utilities and the rural electrification agencies, notably: Institutional
approaches, Tariff setting and Investment planning?
Does the project have adequate activities for training and networking for energy policy makers,
regulators, and planners?
Have the objectives, purpose and expected results been adequately described?
Does the partnership have institutional links to relevant national or local public authorities relevant to
the action?
Have the outputs from improved governance been quantified and how realistic are the quantified
estimates?
To what extent are the proposed activities practical and consistent the objectives, purpose and
expected results?
Does the project build on, or replicate, a proven governance model?
Are the institutional links to national public authorities responsible for sectors concerned by project
activities taken into account?

Assessors comments:
Strengths

Weaknesses

2.3 Assessment of the role and involvement of all stakeholders and, if applicable, proposed partners.
Have the roles and involvement of all stakeholders/ partners (if applicable) been adequately described?
Are the roles and involvement well balanced in terms of the objectives and activities of the action?
Has the organisational structure for the project been described and is it adequate (technical,
management, financial)?
Are the target group’s levels of involvement, participation and acceptance in the action appropriate for
the activities and expected results?
Is capacity building of local partners adequate to achieve the project objectives (depending on the
nature of the project?

Assessors comments:
Strengths

Weaknesses

3. Sustainability of the action (economic, social, environmental) Sub Score

3.1Assessment of the identification of the main assumptions and risks, before the /5
start up and throughout the implementation period.

31
3.2 Assessment (economic, social, environmental) of the nature of impacts and of /5
long-term sustainability of the action.

Total score: / 10
3.1 Assessment of the identification of the main assumptions and risks, before the start up and
throughout the implementation period.
Have the main assumptions and risks been adequately described for each of the proposed activities
throughout the project cycle?
Are the assumptions and risks realistic regarding the project proposed?
Have adequate mitigation measures been proposed in the form of activities?

Assessors comments:
Strengths

Weaknesses

3.2 Assessment (economic, social, environmental) of the nature of impacts and of long-term
sustainability of the action.
Are impacts adequately described and quantified?
Will the project contribute to creation/strengthening of an adequate policy framework: improved
legislation, codes of conduct, methods, etc.?
Do activities promote a medium to long-term improved enabling environment and improve the
prospects for economic, social, institutional and environmental sustainability as a result?
Will the action promote local ownership of results?
Will the action result in increased and sustained long term capacity improvements?
Are proposed follow up actions appropriate?
Does the action contribute to creating or strengthening institutions and organisations which allow the
activities to continue after the end of the action?
Are local social acceptability criteria addressed?
What are predicted impacts on environmental governance and framework issues?
What is the impact on climate change of the project?
Multiplication: Will multiplier effects be achieved through financial leverage, financial revolving
schemes and/or scaling up?
Replication: Are demonstrative effects of the project likely, serving as a model for replication, including
the institutional framework?
Monitoring: Is there an adequate monitoring and evaluation scheme (based if possible on
internationally recognised M&E practices)?

Assessors comments:
Strengths

Weaknesses

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