Applied Probability

Previous Year Solved Questions

1. The equations of regression lines 4 3

3) 25 4) 10
are x = 0, 4y + a and y = 0.5b. The
7. The marks secured by 600 students in
coefficient of correlation is
Mathematics test were normally distributed
1) - 0.2 2) 0.4 with mean 55. If 100 students get marks
3) 0.2 4) 0.45 above 75, the number of students securing
2
2. The probability that A passes a test is 3and marks between 35 and 55 is
the probability that B passes the same test is 1) 150 2) 200
3 3) 300 4) 500
. The probability that only one of them
5 8. A lot consists of ten good articles, four with
passes is minor defects and two with major defects.
4 2
1) 15 2) 5 Two articles arc chosen from the lot at
7 7 random (without replacement). Then the
3) 30 4) 15
probability that neither of them good is
3. The equation of the regression lines are 5 7
x+2y=5 and 2x+3y=8 then the correlation 1) 8 2) 8
3 1
coefficient between x and y is 3) 8 4) 8
3 3
1) 4 2) − 9. If A, B, C are any three events such that
4
1
3 3 P (A) =P(B)=P(C) = ; P(A∩B)=P(B∩C)=0,
3) 4) − 4
2 2 1
4. A random variable X has the probability P(C∩A) = 8 Then the probability that atleast
mass function as follows: one of the events A, B, C occurs, is
X -2 3 1 1 3
1) 32 2) 32
7 5
P(X=x) λ λ λ 3) 8 4) 8
6 4 12 10. If atleast one child in a family with two
Then the value of λ is children is a boy. then the probability that
1) 1 2) 2 both children are boys is
3 1
3) 3 4)4 1) 4 2) 3
5. Variance of the random variable X is 4. Its 1 1
3) 4 4) 2
mean is 2. Then E(X2) =
11. A discrete random variable X takes the
1) 2 2) 4
values a, ar, ar2 ... arn-1 with equal
3) 6 4) 8
probability. Then Arithmetic mean (A.M) is
6. A box contains 6 red and 4 white balls. If 3 a(1−r n )
balls are drawn at random, the probability of 1) a(1-rn) 2) n
getting 2 white balls is a(1−r n ) a(r n −1)
3) n(1−r)
4) n(1−r)
1 18
1) 20 2) 125
1
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 Applied Probability

12. Geometric mean of two observations can holder, when the selection is confined to
becalculated only if M.B.A.’s is .........?
1) both the observations are positive 1) 0.2 2) 0.3
2) one of the two observations is zero 3) 0.4 4) 0.5
3) one of them is negative 19. A and B are two events associated with an
4) both of them are zero experiment. If P(A)=0.4, P(A∪B)=0.7, find
13. For the set of values P(B) when A and B are mutually exclusive
1) mean deviation is always less than 1) 0.6 2) 0.75
standarddeviation 3) 0.5 4) 0.3
2) mean deviation is always greater than 20. From six positive and eight negative
standard deviation numbers, four numbers are chosen at
3) mean deviation is always equal to random (without replacement) and
standard deviation multiplied. The probability that the product
4) none of these is positive is
14. A coin is tossed 6 times. The probability of 85 420
1) 1001 2) 1001
obtaining heads and tails alternately is 70 505
1 1 3) 100 4) 1001
1) 64 2)2
1
21. A box contains tags marked 1, 2, .... n. Two
3) 32 4) None of these tags are chosen at random without
15. A sample of 25 units from an infinite replacement. The probability that the
population with standard deviation 10 numbers on the tags will be consecutive
results into a total score of 450. The mean of integers is equal to
the sampling distribution is n(n−1) n−1 2
1) 2)
2 n
1) 45 2) 50 2 n 1
3) 18 4) 1.8 3) n 4) n−2 . 2
16. The mean and variance of a uniform random 22. In shooting test, the probability of hitting the
1 2 3
variable X in the interval (2, 15) are target is 2 for A, 3 for B and 4 for C. If all of
respectively them fire at the target, then theprobability
17 169 17 289
1) ; 2) ; that atleast one of them hits thetarget is
2 12 2 12
17 169 17 1 23
3) ; 4) ; 13 1) 24 2) 24
2 14 2
1 21
17. If P(A)=0.5 ; P(B)=0.3 and P(A∩B) = 0.15 3) 12 4)24
then P(A/B) = 23. A discrete random variable X takes the
1) 0.3 2) 0.4 values a, ar, ar2, .... arn-1 with equal
3) 0.9 4) 0.5 probability. Then Geometric Mean (G.M.) is
18. If 15% of a firm’s employees are B.E. n −1 n

degree holders, 25% are MBA degree 1) ar 2 2) ar 2

n −1
n
holders and 5% have both the degrees; then r 2
3) nar 2 4) a
the probability of selecting a B.E. degree

2
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 Applied Probability

24. If the density function of a random variable 1) 16 2) 4

X is given by f(x) = kx(1-x) 0≤x≤1 then 3) 8 4)0
Arithmetic Mean (AM) is 31. The root mean square deviation of the set of
1) 1 2) 2 values is the
1 1 1) least about their mean
3) 2 4) 4
2) maximum about their mode
25. A bag contains 10 white and 15 black balls.
3) maximum about their mean
Two balls are drawn in succession. The
4) least about their median
probability that one of them is white and the
32. One marks man has an 80% probability of
other black is
1 1 hitting a target while another has only a 70%
1) 4 2) 2
probability of hitting the target. The
3
3) 4 4) 1 probability of the target being hit (atleast
26. The regression lines x on y is 3x+y=10 and once) if both marks mean fire at it
y on x is 3x + 4y=12. The simultaneously is given by
correlationcoefficient is 1) 0.94 2) 0.95
1 1 3) 0.96 4) 1.00
1) 2 2) − 2
33. Suppose the probability of hitting a target
1 1
3) 4 4) -4 with a single shot is 0.001. What is the
27. In a Poisson distribution if 3P(X=2)= probability of of hitting the target 2 or more
P(X=4) then the value of its parameter λ is times in 5,000 shots?
1) 3 2) 4 1) l-e-5 2) e-5-1
3) 5 4) 6 3) 6e-5-1 4) l-6e-5
28. The correlation coefficient is the _____of 34. The measure of Kurtosis of the normal curve
theregression coefficients. is
1) Arithmetic 1) 1 2)3
2) Weighted arithmetic mean 3) -1 4) ∞
3) Geometric mean 35. If the regression lines are 8x+10y + 66 = 0
4) Harmonic mean and 40x + 18y = 214, the correlation
29. A card is drawn from a well-shuffled pack coefficient is
of playing cards. What is the probability that 1) 0.6 2) 0.5
it is either a spade or an ace? 3) -0.5 4) -0.6
1 13 36. For the bivariate data
1) 2 2) 52
4 1 x 1 2 3 4 5
3) 13 4)13
30. The first of the two samples has 100 items y 5 4 3 2 1
with mean 15 and standard deviation 3. If
the coefficient of correlation is
the whole group has 250 items with mean
1) -1 2) 0
15.6 and standard deviation 13.44, the 3) -1 4) 0.5
standard deviation of the second group is
3
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 Applied Probability

37. Out of 15 applicants for a job, there are σ σ2

3) n 4) n
women and 9 men. It is desired to select
43. If Z1, Z2, Z3, ..., Zn are standard
persons for the job. The probability that
normalrandom variables, the distribution of
atleast one of the selected persons is woman n 2
is i=1 zi is
21 67 1) student -1 with (n-1) D.F.
1) 35 2)105
2) normal distribution
27 23
3) 34 4) 35 3) ψ2 distribution with n.d.f.
38. The standard deviation of a set of 10 4) F-distribution with (n-1) and (n-1) d.f.s.
members is 15. If each value in the set 44. For the bivariate data
isincreased by 4 then the standard deviation x 1 2 3 4 5
of the new set of 10 members is
y 5 4 3 2 1
1) 17 2) 19
3) 15 4) 13 the coefficient of correlation is given by
39. A candidate is required to answer 7 1) 1 2) 0
questionsout of 12 questions which are 3) -1 4) 0.5
divided into 2 groups, each containing 6 45. Out of 15 applicants for a job, there are 6
questions. He is not permitted to attend more women and 9 men. It is desired to select 2
than 5 questions from each group. The persons for the job. The probability that
number of different ways of answering is atleast one of the selected persons is a
1) 560 2) 780 woman is
3) 920 4) 840 21 67
1) 35 2) 105
40. The moment generating function of Poisson 27 23
distribution with parameter λ is 3) 34 4) 35
−λ e t −1 λ e t −1
1) e 2) e 46. The standard deviation of a set of 10
−λ e −λ +1 −t numbers is 15. If each value in the set is
3) e 4) e−λ e −1
41. The conditional probability density function increased by 4, then the standard deviation
of X given Y for the joint probability density of the new set of 10 numbers is
function f(x, y) = 3-x-y for 0≤ x, y ≤ 1 is 1) 17 2) 19
5
−x
3) 15 4) 13
x 3−x−y x
1) f 3 2) f = 3−x−y2
47. If X and Y are two independent random
y −x y
2
x 3−x−y
variables the variance of (X-Y) denoted by
3) 5 4) None of these var(X-Y) =
y −y
2
42. If population variance of an infinite 1) var(X)-var(Y) 2) var(X)+var(Y)
population is σ2 and a sample of n items is 3) [var(X)+var(Y)] 4) [var X-var Y]1/2
1/2

selected from this population, the standard 48. A candidate is to required to answer 7
error of sample mean is equal to questions out of 12 questions which are
σ3 σ divided into 2 groups, each containing 6
1) 2)
n n questions. He is not permitted to attempt
4
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 Applied Probability

more than 5 questions from each group. The 55. One marksman has an 80% probability of
number of different values of answering is hitting a target while another has only a 70%
1) 560 2) 780 probability of hitting the target. The
3) 920 4) 840 probability that the target being hit (atleast
49. An expert hits the target 95% of the time. once) if both fire it simultaneously is given
What is the probability that he will miss the 1) 0.94 2) 0.95
target for the first time on the 15thshot? 3) 0.96 4) 1.00
1) (0.05)(0.95)15 2) (0.95)(0.15)14 56. Suppose that X is a random variable for
3) (0.05(0.95)14 4) (0.95)(0.05)15 which E(X) = 10 and V(X) = 15. The value
50. A problem in statistics is give to three of a and b for which Y=aX-b has zero
students A, B and C whose chances of expectation and unit variance is given by
1 1 1 10 1 1 10
solving it are3 , 8 and respectively. The 1) , 2) ,
4 15 15 15 15
probability thal the problem will be solved is 1 1 1 1
3) , 4) ,
1 9 15 15 10 10
1) 96 2) 16 57. Suppose that the probability of hitting target
1 17
3) 3 4) 24 with a single shot is 0.001. What is the
51. If P(x) = kx for 0 ≤ x ≤ 1
2 probability of hitting the target 2 or more
= 0 otherwise times in 5,000 shots?
is the probability density function of the 1) 1-e-5 2) e-5-1
random variable x, then the value of k is 3) 6e-5-1 4) 1-6e-5
1 58. Two regression lines for x and y are x= 19-y
1) 3 2)2 x
1
and y =11-2. The correlation coefficien
3) 2 4)3
between x and y will be
52. If the regression lines are 8x+10y + 66 = 0 1 −1
1) 2)
and 40x+l8y = 214, the correlation 2 2

coefficient is 3) 2 4) − 2
1) 0.6 2) 0.5 59. A card is drawn from a well-shuffled pack
3) -0.5 4) -0.6 of playing cards. What is the probability that
53. The measure of Kurtosis of the normal curve it is either a spade or an ace?
1 13
is 1) 2 2) 52
1) 1 2) 3 4 1
3) 4)
3) -3 4) ∞ 13 13
60. The first of the two samples has 100 items
54. The root mean square deviation of a set of
with mean 15 and S.D=3. If the whole group
values is the
has 250 items with mean 15,6 and standard
1) least about their mean
2) maximum about their mode deviation 13.44 the standard deviation of
3) maximum about their mean the whole group is
4) least about their median 1) 16 2) 4
3) 8 4) 0
5
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 Applied Probability

4 3 7
61. The pdf of a random variable X is = 15 + 15 = 15
e−x x ≥ 0
f(x) = 3. (4)
0 x<0
if F(x) is the distribution function of X then x + 2y = 5
the value of F(3) = ⇒ 2y = -x + 5
x 5
1) e-3 2) –e-3 ⇒ y = -2 + 2
3) 1-e-3 4) e-3+1 ∴ byx =
−1

62. If X is a normally distributed random 2

Also 2x + 3y = 8
variable with mean μ=l and
X−μ ⇒ 2x = -3y + 8
standarddeviation σ=3 and P < −3
σ ⇒x= y+4
2
0.81=a and −3
∴ bxy =
X−μ 2
P 0< < 1.73 =b then Now r2 =
−1
×
−3
=4
3
σ
2 2
P(3.43<X<6.19)is 3
1) b - a + 0.5 2) a-b ∴r=± 2
3) b-a 4) b – a+1 Since bxy and byx are negative implies r =
63. If two random variables X and Y have to − 3
2
regression lines with the equations
4. (2)
x = 0.7y + 5.2 and y = 0.3x + 2.8 then the
Given P(x) is a probability mass function
correlation coefficient between X and Y is
∴ P x =1
1) (5.2)(2.8) 2) (5.2) (2.8) i.e..P(-2) + P(3)+P(1) = 1
3) (0.7)(0.3) 4) (0.7)(0.3) λ λ
⇒6 + 4 + 12 = 1
λ

DETAILED SOLUTIONS 1 1 1
1. (3) λ + 4 + 12 = 1
6
x = 0.4y + a 2+3+1
λ =1
12
bxy = 0.4 1
y = 0.5x + b λ =1
2
byx = 0.5 ∴λ = 2
∴ r = 0.4 × 0.5 = 0.2 5. (4)
Since bxy and byx both are positive implies r Variance = E(X2) - (E(X))2
is also positive) Given variance = 4
2. (4) E(X) = mean = 2
2
P(A) = 3 ; P A′ = 1 − 3 = 3
2 1 ∴ 4 = E(X2)-22
3 3 2
⇒ E(X2) =4+4 = 8
P(B) = 5; P(B′) = 1-5 = 5 6. (4)
Required probability Probability of gelling
= P(A) P(B')+P(B) P(A’) 4C 2 ×6C 1
2 white balls = 10C 3
2 2 3 1
= 3.5 + 5.3
6
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 Applied Probability

4×3
×6 3 P(A∩B∩C)=0
1×2
= 10 ×9×8 = 10
1×2×3
Required probability
7. (2) P(A∪B∪C) = P(A)+P(B)+P(C)
1 -P(A∩B)-P(A∩C)-P(B∩C)
P X ≥ 75 = = 0.167
6 +P(A∩B∩C)
X−μ 75−μ 1 1 1 1
⇒P ≥ = 0.167 =4+4+4−0−8−0+0
σ σ
P Z ≥ Z1 = 0.167 3
=4−8=8
1 5

∴P 0 < 𝑍 < 𝑍 = 0.5 − 0.167

10. (3)
= 0.333 ... (1)
75−μ
Use Binomial Distribution
where z1 = 1
σ p = 2; q = 1 - p
75 − 55 1 1
=∵ μ = 55 =1−2 =2
σ
20 P(X = x) = nC x px qn−x
=
σ n=2
20
∴ (1) ⇒P 0 ≤ Z ≤ σ =0.333 ∴Required probability
20 1 2 1 2−2
⇒ =0.97 = 2C 2
σ 2 2
20 1 1
⇒σ = 0.97 = 20.62 =1×4=4
∴Required probability P(35≤X≤55) 11. (3)
35−μ x−μ 55−μ a+ar +a 2 +⋯ar n −1
=P ≤ ≤ A.M. =
σ σ σ n
35−55 55−55 a 1+r+r 2 +⋯r n −1
=P ≤Z≤ =
20.62 20.62 n
−20 a 1−r n
=P ≤Z≤0 =n.
20.62 (1−r)
= P 0 ≤ z ≤ 0.97 12. (1)
= 0 ≤ z ≤ 0.97 Geometric mean of a,b = ab
= 0.3340
abis real if a and b are positive.
Therefore, the number of students securing
13. (2)
marks between 35 and 55 is X−X
= 0.3340×600 = 200.4 Mean deviation = N
≈ 200 X−X
2

8. (4) Standard deviation = N

Required probability Formula:
6C 2
6×5
1×2 6×5 1 a1 + a2 + ⋯ ar 2 > a21 + a22 + ⋯ a2r
= 16C = = 16×15 = 8
⇒ a1 + a2 + ⋯ ar 2 > a21 + a22 + ⋯ a2r
16 ×15
2
1×2
2
9. (4) ∴ X−X > X−X
A∩B∩C⊆AB 2
P(A∩B∩C)≤P(A∩B)=0 X−X > X−X

7
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 Applied Probability

X−X X−X
2
X−X
2 259 289
> > = −
N N N2 3 4
1036 −867 169
2 = =
X−X 12 12
= 17. (4)
N
A P A∩B
⇒ Mead deviation> Standard deviation P =
B P(B)
14. (3)
0.15
Required probability = P(Head in first, third = = 0.5
0.3
and fifth time) 18. (1)
+ P(Head in second, fourth and sixth time) P (A) = 0.15
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
= ×2×2×2×2×2+2×2×2×2×2× P (B) = 0.25
2
1 P (A ∩B) = 0.05
2
1 Required probability
= 32 A P A∩B
=P =
15. (4) B P(B)
450 0.05
Mean = = 18 = = 0.2
25 0.25
16. (1) 19. (4)
1 1 1 Since A and B are mutually exclusive
f x = = =
b − a 15 − 2 13 P(A∪B) = P(A) + P(B)
15
⇒ 0.7 = 0.4+P(B)
E x = x f x dx
⇒ P(B) = 0.7-0.4 = 0.3
2
1 15 20. (4)
= ∫2
x dx Required probability
13
15
1 x2 = P(product of 4 positive numbers)
= 13 2 2 +P(Product of 2 positive and 2 negative
1 17
= 26 225 − 4 = numbers) +P(Product of 4 negative
2
15 numbers)
∴ Mean = E x = ∫2 x 2 f x dx
6C 6C 2 ×8C 2 8C
1 15 2 = 14C4 + + 14C4
= ∫ x dx 4 14C 4 4
13 2 6×5×4×3 6×5 8×7 8×7×6×5
15 + × +
1 x3 1×2×3×4 1×2 1×2 1×2×3×4
= 13 = 14 ×13 ×12 ×11
3 2 1×2×3×4
1 420+15+70
= 3×13 153 − 33 = 1001
505
3367 259 = 1001
=
=
3 × 13 3 21. (3)
Variance = E(X2)-[e(x)]2
We can choose two consecutive integers
259 17 2 from 1, 2, ..., n in .
= −
3 2 (n-1) ways

8
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 Applied Probability

n−1 1
Required probability = =6
nC 2 12
n −1 1
n (n −1) 2 =2
= =n
1.2 25. (2)
22. (2)
6 11 6 23
Required probability
Required probability 24 + 24 + 24 = 24 10C 1 ×15C 1
= 25C 2
23. (1) 10 ×15
n 25 ×24
G.M. = a. ar. ar 2 … ar n−1 = 1×2
n 10×15×2 1
= an r1+2+3+⋯(n−1) = =2
25×24
n (n −1)n
26. (2)
= an r 2

n −1
4y = 12 – 3x
= ar 2 y = 3 - 4x
3

24. (3)
3
For probability density function f(x) byx = −
4
f x dx = 1 Also 3x + y = 10
10 y
1 ⇒x= −3
⇒∫0 kx 1 − x dx = 1 3
1
1 ∴ bxy = − 3
⇒k ∫0 x − x 2 dx = 1
1 ∴ r = bxy . byx
x2 x3
⇒k − =1
2 3 0 1 3
1 1
=− −3 −4
⇒k − =1
2 3
3−2
∴ both bxy and byx are negative
⇒k =1 1
6 = −2
k
⇒6 = 1 27. (4)
⇒k=6 e −λ λ x
P(X=x) =
∴ f(x) = 6x(1-x) x!

A.M. = Expectation of X x = 0, 1, 2,....

1 Given
= ∫0 xf x dx
3P(x=2) = P(x=4)
1
= ∫0 x. 6x 1 − x dx 3e−λ λ2 e−λ λ4
1 =
= ∫0 6x 2 1 − x dx 2! 4!
3 λ2
= 6 ∫0
1 2
x − x dx 3 ⇒2 = 24

x3 x4
1 ⇒λ2 = 36
=6 − ⇒λ=6
3 4 0
1 1 28. (3)
=6 −
3 4
4−3
The correlation coefficient is the geometric
=6 mean of the regression coefficients.
12

9
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 Applied Probability

29. (3) ⇒σ22 = 4

There are 13 cards of spade in the pack. ∴Standard deviation of the second sample =
13
P(E)=52 4
4 aces in the pack 31. (1)
4 The root mean square deviation is least
P(F)=52
about their mean.
There is one ace of spade in the pack. 32. (1)
1
∴P(E∩F) = 52 Required probability
∴ P(E∪F) = P(E)+P(F)-P(E∩F) = P(A)P(B) + P(A)P(B) + P(A)P(B)
13 4 1 = 0.8×0.3+0.2×0.7+0.8×0.7
= 52 + 52 − 52
16 4 = 0.94
= = 33. (4)
52 13
30. (2) P = 0.001
n1 = 100 1
= 1000
n1 +n2 = 250
n = 5000
⇒n2 = 150
λ = nP
x1 = 15; x = 15.6 1
x2 = ? = 5000 × 1000 = 5
σ12 = 9𝜎 2 = 13.44 e −λ λ x
P(X=x) = x!
σ2 =?
(Poisson Distribution)
n1 Xn + n2 X2 Probability of hitting the target 2 or more
X=
n1 + n2 times
100 × 15 + 150X2 P(X≥2) = 1-[P(X=0) + P(X=1)]
⇒ 15.6 = e −5 50 e −5 51
250 =1− +
0! 1!
∴150X2 = 2400 −5 −5
= 1 - e + 5e
⇒X2 = 16
= 1 - 6e−5
d1 = X1 − X 34. (2)
= 15 – 15.6 The measure of Kurtosis of the normal curve
= -0.6 = 3.
d2 = X2 − X 35. (4)
= 16 – 15.6 8x+10y = -66
= 0.4 8𝑥 66
y =− 10 − 10
n1 + n2 σ2 + n1 σ12 + n2 σ22 + n1 d12 + n2 d22
8
⇒ 250 × 13.44 = 100 × 9 + 150σ22 + 100 × byx = −
10
0.36 + 150 × 0.6
40x+18y =214
⇒ 3360 = 900 + 150σ22 + 36 + 24 −18𝑦 214
⇒150σ22 = 240 𝑥= +
40 40
⇒σ22 = 16
10
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 Applied Probability

18 ∴S.D. of the new series = 15

bxy = − 40
39. (2)
−8 −18 S. Group A Group B Number of
𝑟=
10 40 No. (out of 6) (out of ways
= -0.6 1 5 26) 6C 5 ×6C 2 = 90
(Since bxy and byx are negative implies r is 2 4 3 6C 4 ×6C 3 = 300
negative.) 3 3 4 6C 3 ×6C 4 = 300
36. (3) 4 2 5 6C 2 ×6C 5 = 90
X Y X2 Y2 XY Total = 780
1 5 1 25 5
2 4 4 16 8 ∴ Total number of different ways 780
3 3 9 9 9 40. (2)
4 2 16 4 8
5 1 25 1 5 The moment generating function for Poisson
e f −1
X Y X 2 =55 y 2 =55 XY=35 distribution with parameter λ is eλ
41. (3)
= 15 = 15
Required p.d.f.
Co-efficient of correlation 3−x−y
N XY − X Y = Integral of 3 − x − y w.r.to x
r= 3−x−y
N X2 − X 2 N Y2 − Y 2 = 1
x2
5×35−15×15 3x−xy −
2 0
=
5×5.5− 15 2 5×55− 15 2 3−x−y
= 1
3−y−
175−225 −50 2
= 5×5.5 = 275−225 3−x−y
15 2 = 5
−50 −y
= = −1 2
50 x 3−x−y
37. (4) ∴f = 5
y −y
2
Required probability 42. (2)
= Probability of selecting one woman + σ
Required standard error of sample mean n
probability of selecting two women
6C 1 +9C 1 6C 43. (3)
= + 15C2
15C 2 2 The distribution is ψ2 distribution with n.d.f.
6×5
6×9 1×2 44. (3)
= 15 ×14 = 15 ×14
1×2 1×2
Refer Problem No. 36 (2002)
6×9×1×2 6×5 45. (4)
= + 15×14
15×14
108+30 138 23 Refer Problem No. 37 (2002)
= = 210 = 35 46. (3)
210
38. (3) Refer Problem No. 38 (2002)
S.D. is independent of change of origin. 47. (2)
∴ S.D. of x1 , x2 , … , x10 is same as S.D. of Var (X-Y) = Var X + Var Y
x1 + 4, x2 + 4, … x10 + 4 48. (2)

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 Applied Probability

Refer problem no. 39 (2002) = -0.6

49. (3) [Since byx and bxy are negative ⇒γ is
95
P = 100 = 0.95 negative]
q = 1 – 0.95 = 0.05 53. (2)
Probability that the target missed for the first Measure of Kurtosis of the normal curve = 3
time on the 15th shot. 54. (1)
= P14 q Root mean square deviation is also called as
= (0.95)14 (0.05) standard deviation. Standard deviation is
50. (2) least about their mean.
Probability that the problem is solved = 55. (1)
P(A∪B∪C) Required probability
= P(A)+P(B) + P(C)-P(A∩B)-P(A∩C) - = P(A)P(B)+P(B)P(A)+P(A)P(B)
P(B∩C) + P(A∩B∩C) =0.8×0.3+0.7×0.2+0.8×0.7
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 = 0.24+0.14+0.56 = 0.94
= 3 + 8 + 4 − 3 . 8 − 8 . 4 − 3 . 4 + 3.8.4
56. (2)
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 9
= 3 + 8 + 4 − 24 − 32 − 12 + 96 = 16 Given Var Y = 1
51. (4) ⇒Var(aX-b) = 1
Since P(x) is a probability density function ⇒a2 VarX = 1
of a random variable x ⇒ 15a2 = 1
1
⇒∫ P(x)dx = 1 ⇒a=
1 15
⇒∫0 kx 2 dx = 1 Also E(Y) = 0
1
𝑥3 ⇒ E(aX-b) = 0
⇒𝑘 =1
3 0 ⇒ a E(X)-b = 0
k
⇒3 = 1 10a-b = 0
10
⇒k=3 ⇒ −b=0
15
52. (4) 10
⇒b=
8x+10y = -66 15
8 66 57. (4)
y = − 10 𝑥 − 10
p = 0.001
8 1
byx = − = 1000
10
40x+18y = 214 n = 5000
1
18 214 λ= nP = 5000 × 1000
𝑥=− 𝑦+
40 40 =5
18
bxy = − e −λ λ x
10 P(X=x) = (by Poisson Distribution
x!
Coefficient of regression Probability of hitting the target 2 or moe
−8 −18 time S is
γ=− ×
10 10 P(X ≥ 2) = 1-P(X=0)+P(X=1)]
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 Applied Probability

e −5 50 e −5 51 16 4
=1- + = 52 = 13
0! 1!
-5 -5
= 1 – (e + 5e ) 60. (2)
= 1 – 6e-5 Refer problem No. 30 (2002)
58. (2) 61. (3)
x
Given x = 19-y F(x) =∫0 e−x dx
bxy = -1 = −e−x x0
x
y = 11 - 2 = -e-x + 1 = 1 –e-x
⇒ bxy = -2
1 ∴ F(3) = 1-e-3
62. (1)
1
r = ± (−1) − 2 P(3.34<X<6.19)
3.34−1 X−μ 6.19−1
1 =P < <
=± 3 σ 3
2 X−μ
Since bxy and byx are negative = P 0.81 < < 1.73
σ
⇒r is also negative X−μ
=P 0< < 1.73
1 σ
r=- X−μ
2 = -P 0 < < 0.81
σ
59. (3)
= b-(a-0.5)
There are 13 cards of spade in a pack
13 = b-a+0.5
P(E) = 52 63. (4)
There are 4 aces in the pack. x = 0.7y + 5.2
4
P(F) = 52 ⇒ bxy = 0.7
There is one ace of spade in the pack y = 0.3x + 2.3
1 ⇒ bxy = 0.3
P(E∩F) = 52
∴ r = byx bxy
∴(E∪F) = P(E)+P(F)-P(E∩F)
13 4 1 = 0.7 (0.3)
= 52 + 52 − 52

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