Clive Oxenden

Christina Latham-Koenig
Paul Seligson

O X TO RD
U N IV E R S IT Y PRESS

Paul Seligson and Clive Oxenden are die

original co-authors of English File 1 (pub. 1996)
and English File 2 (pub. 1997).
 4 REAPING
^wm mw
a Read the horoscopes for this m o n th . Answer the

HOROSCOPES questions.
1 Who will do a lot of traveling this month? Cancer

AQUARIUS Jan 21-Feb 19 2 Will Gemini people lose their jobs? ________
3 What won’t Aries people be able to d o ? ________
You'll be lucky in love this month!
You'll meet somebody new at work, 4 Whose lucky color will be red? ________
and you'll start a new relationship. 5 Who will go out a lot this m o n t h ? ________
Red will be your lucky color.
6 Who will spend more time at home? _________
PISCES Feb 20-Mar 20 b U nderline five w ords you d o n t know. Use your
Your family will be very important d ictio n ary to look up their m ean in g an d
this month. Try to spend more time p ro n u n ciatio n .
with them, and they'll be very glad
to see you. Green will be your lucky
IViore Words to Learn
color.
W rite translations an d try to rem em b er the words.
ARIES Mar 21-Apr 20 '
Word Pronunciation Translation
You'll have to be very careful with definitely adverb /'dafenstli/
money this month. You won't be maybe/possibly adverb /'meibi/
able to buy any new clothes. /'pasQbli/
However, you will get a nice surprise
probably adverb /'prababli/
at the end of the month. Blue will
be your lucky color. cheer up /tjir Ap/
congratulations /ksngraet J s ' leijnz/
TAURUS Apr 21-May 21
don’t worry /d o u n t ‘wsri/
You'll have a very busy social life this
good luck /god U k/
month! Your friends will throw a
surprise party for you, and you'll I hope so/I hope not /ai hoop sou /
make new friends, too. Orange wi /ai hoop n a t/
be your lucky color. I (don’t) think so /ai 9igk soo/
that’s great /8<ets greit/
GEMINI May 22-June 21
You won't have a very good month
at work. Your boss will give you
some bad news, but don't worry -
you won't lose your job. Work hard Can you answer these questions?
and next month will be better. Purple
(yll Do you think the weather will be good tomorrow?
will be your lucky color.
■i-M... Do you think you'll study English next year?
wI ■Jm Do you think you'll get some e-mails today?
C A N C E R June 22-July 23 -I
P IH
Do you think you'll go to a party this weekend?
x

W .i I S

This will be a great month for travel!

Do you think your country will win the next World Cup?
You'll win a vacation, so have your
passport ready. You'll also travel a lot
in this country, and you'll visit some
old friends. Yellow will be your lucky
 Vote for the man who promises least - he'll be the least disappointing.
v :.rr

Bernard Baruch, American political adviser

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1 P IO N U N C IA T IO N word stress: two-syllable words b Are these sentences prom ises (P)> decisions (D ),
or offers (O)?
a W hich w ords are stressed on the second syllable?
U nderline the stress. 1 I'll give it back to you tomorrow. _P
1 promise receive never 2 A Which one do you want?
2 window money forget B I’ll take the red one. __
3 arrive doctor worry 3 I’ll lend you the money if you want. __
4 repair morning finish
4 f 11 help you with that. __
5 empty secret exist
5 I won t tell your father. __
6 builder hotel borrow
6 HI have the soup and a salad. __
b Practice saying the words.

2 G RA M M A R will / won't (promises, offers, and decisions)

3 VOCABULARY verb + back
a W rite sentences using the pictures an d p ro m pts.
Use I ’ll / 1 w on’t C om plete the sentences w ith these verbs.

be- call drive give pay take

1
Cone to the b a n k

2 Mary called while you were in the shower. She asked

you to her back when you can.
1 think / go to bed 3 Can you lend me $10? I’ll you back
I think f l l go to bed. tomorrow.
2 turn off / the air-conditioning 4 We were driving to the beach, but it started to rain,
so we decided to back home.
not drive / too fast 5 A Do you want to borrow my pen?
B Thanks. I’ll it back to you in a
buy / another one minute.
6 This shirt is the wrong size. I think I’ll
call / the police it back to the store.

6 have / the chicken

4 READING

lesson
My name is ion, and this happened to me when I
was on vacation in Seville, in the south of Spain.
was having coffee in a cafe when a man came up to
me. He was well-dressed, and he looked very
respectable. "Do you speak English?" he asked. He
More Words to Learn
definitely wasn't Spanish, but I'm not sure where he was
from. T m very sorry to bother you, but I have a serious
W rite translations an d try to rem em b er the w ords
problem," he continued. Tm here on a business trip, Word Pronunciation Translation
and I've lost my briefcase - it had my passport, my builder noun / ’b ik b r/
wallet, my money, my credit cards, my cell phone, my
electrician noun /ilsk'trijn/
address book, everything. Could you help me? I need to
injection noun /in'd 3 8 k tjn /
borrow 60 euros to get the train to Madrid - my
company has an office there. I'll pay you back, of course. piece of paper noun /pis 3V 'peipsr/
When I get home, I'll send you the money. You can give plumber noun /'pU m ar/
me your address in the US." I wasn't sure, but he didn't
promise noun /pram ss/
seem suspicious, so I agreed. I wrote down my home
secret noun /'sikrat/
address on a business card he had, and I gave him
60 euros. I even bought him a coffee. hurt verb /hart/
We talked for a few minutes, and then he looked at eternal adjective /I'ternl/
his watch and said, "Well, I should get to the station.
Thank you very much for your help. You'll have your
Study idea
money back in a couple of weeks, I promise." And he
i Some w ords are easier to rem em b er because
walked out of the cafe.
they are similar to a w ord in yo u r language or
So ... do you think he paid me back? No, you're right,
to an o th er in English, e.g., builder, building.
he didn't ... and I won't lend money to strangers again!
O th e r w ords are m o re difficult to rem em ber.
2 Look at the w ords in More Words to Learn.
W hich ones are easy to rem em ber? W hich ones
a Read the text. N u m b e r the sentences in the are difficult? H ighlight the difficult w ords an d
right order. test yourself m o re often o n these.

1 Jon wrote his address on the man’s business card.

2 The man explained his problem.
3 Jon bought the man a coffee. Can you make an offer in these situations?
4 Jon went into a cafe to get a cup of coffee. 1 i 1" ■ui "I can't do this homework. It's too hard."
5 Jon agreed to help the man. "Oh no. I don't have any money with me."

6 A man came up to him. "These bags are very heavy."

mJm "We don't have any food for dinner tonight."
A *--# ?

7 The man left the cafe.

"It's very hot in here."
8 They talked about other things for a few minutes.

b U nderline five w ords you d o n ’t know. Use your

dictionary to look up their m ean in g an d
p ro n u n ciatio n .
 Only in our dreams are we free. The rest of the time we need wages.
Terry Pratchett, British writer

1 G R A M M A R review Of tenses b C om plete the text w ith the correct fo rm o f th e verbs

~ i _ ,1 j. i ..i . 1 . r r .i in parentheses. Use contractions w here necessary,
a C om plete the dialogues w ith the correct fo rm ot the r ’
mmm ¥wm mmm memm m mmumm m wmmmmm % wm mmmmm mmamrnz
verbs in parentheses. I
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W hat 1 are you going to do fdoj this

VV> •

evening? 2_________ y o u _________[w atch)

television? The answ er is probably “yes” . And
1 A W hat did you d m w i (dream) w hat 3________ y o u __________ (do) la st night?

about last night? And the night before? Television again?

B I ___________ (run) along a dark road and I Every year the average American 4________
(spend) the equivalent of 7 0 days watching television -
(be) very frightened. Then, the next
th a t’s four hours 35 minutes a day. This 5 ____
thing I knew, I (fly)!
(make) the United States one of the biggest nations of
2 A you often __________(dream)?
“square eyes” in the world. In fact, the typical
B Yes. I ____________(have) dreams all the time - American home now 6_________ (have) more TV sets
every night! than people - 2 .7 3 TV sets for 2 .5 5 people, on
3 A ______ you (do) anything average.

tomorrow? But what 7 TV (do) to family

B No, why? life? Many families 8________ (not eat] their meals
together anymore. And of the families that do eat
A I (have) a party.____________ you
together, 63 percent 9_________ (keep) the TV on
___________ (want) to come?
during dinner. Think about it - when 10 you
4 A Boys! What you _________ (do)?
la s t _________ (have) dinner with your family? If they
B Sorry, sir. W e ____________ (practice) for the soccer i i ________ (turn on) the TV tonight, suggest a
game tomorrow. conversation instead. It 12 probably
A Not in the classroom! _________ (be) more interesting!
c C om plete the sentences w ith I I I or Y m going to. More Words to Learn
1 At midnight on December 31st Ym going to W rite translations an d try to rem em b er the words.
quit smoking. Word Pronunciation Translation
2 No! Don t worry about money, champagne noun /Jcem'pein/
pay this time. patient noun /'peijnt/
3 I’m pregnant and have a baby romance noun /roo'maens/
next summer. violin noun /vais'hn/
4 I can’t go out tonight because _ busy adjective /'bizi/
wash my hair. freezing adjective /Triziq/
5 A Are there any letters for me? frightened adjective /'fraitnd/
B Just a second. _ take a look. successful adjective /ssk'sssfl/
6 A I’m hungry. appear verb /o'pir/
B O K ,______ make a snack. especially adverb /I'spcjbli/

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if—
- :-

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2 PRONUNCIATION word stress

Can you answer these questions?
a U nderline the stressed syllable in these w ords
] What do you usually do on Monday morning?
1 meeting 6 tomorrow 0 What are you doing next weekend?
2 patient 7 optimistic What did you dream about last night?
3 champagne 8 psychoanalyst | What were you doing at this time yesterday?

4 successful What are you going to do after you answer this

9 understanding
question?
5 violin
ultiRO
b Practice saying the words.

3 V O C A B U L A R Y verbs + prepositions
Circle the correct preposition.
1 Don’t forget to write @ / at me.
2 The psychoanalyst was talking of / about dreams.
anything,
3 Are you listening to / for me? §1 When I _____________ the photo, everybody was smiling.
4 They always argue with / for each other. i r - _____________ country won the last World Cup?

5 Think about / of his offer - it’s a good one.
6 I was sitting in the office waiting for / to a phone call
7 I’m sorry, but I don’t agree to / with you.
8 I’d like to speak to / at the manager, please.
H That's a machine_____________ makes pasta.
S3 Do you think it's_____________ to rain tonight?
H He_____________ pass the exam tomorrow. He's
very lazy.
| | It's very hot. I _____________ open the window.
0 A What time_____________ she coming?
B At 6:30.
1 PROBLEMS WITH A MEAL 3 READING
C om plete the problem s an d requests.
1 It’s very smoky in h ere_
Do you have a t by the
fast-food
window? restaurants,
2 This fork is d __ . Can I Italian
bakeries,
h another one, please? hundreds of Thai, Chinese,

3 The soup is c . Could you Vietnamese, and Korean restaurants,

and in-and-out Japanese noodle
warm it up f me, please? shops, it's possible to eat your way

4 I asked for my steak r around the world during a single San

Francisco weekend.
This is very well-d
5 Excuse me, I think there’s a ating out in And you don't find good food only in
expensive restaurants. You can try

m in the check. I didn’t an Francisco great cooking in any number of small

eating places, where prices are low
Whatever food you're looking for - an
have a coffee. and reservations aren't
all-you-can-eat breakfast, a quick
needed. Portions are
lunch, a romantic dinner - you'll find
often large, but you
2 SOCIAL ENGLISH it in San Francisco. The city is home
can ask the
to over 4,500 restaurants and eating
Reorder the dialogue, 1 to 6. restaurant to pack
places. And they're not only for
up anything you don
A We could go to a little cafe tourists. On average, San Franciscans
eat so you can take it home. But
that I know. eat out 267 times a year.
wherever you eat, if you have table
You can eat food from service, don't forget to tip the waiter.
A Listen, it’s still early. Let’s
anywhere in the world, The exact amount you leave is up
go for a walk. I j
from Afghan to to you, but 15-20 percent of the
iijj|
A Thank you. That was a Argentinian, and from check is normal. An easy way to
great dinner. 1 Vietnamese to calculate your tip is to double the
vegetarian. With Mexican sales tax (currently 8.5 percent).
B That sounds great. We could
have another cup of coffee.
B Good idea. Where should we go? a Read the article a n d m a rk the sentences T (true), F (false), or
DS (doesn’t say).
B You’re very welcome. I’m glad
you enjoyed it. 1 San Francisco has the best restaurants in the US.
2 You can probably find food from your country in San Francisco. __
3 There are a lot of Asian restaurants. __
4 Japanese noodle shops are quick places to eat. __
5 It’s normal to tip whenever you eat out. __
6 You always need to make a reservation to eat in an
expensive restaurant. __
7 Expensive restaurants have small portions of food. __
8 If your meal costs $100, you should leave a tip of $8.50. __

b U nderline five w ords or phrases you d o n t know. Use y o u r dictionary

to look up their m ean ing an d p ro n u n ciatio n .
 I don't design clothes; 1design dreams.
Ralph Lauren, American fashion designer
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1 VOCABULARY clothes
Clues down i
a C om plete the crossword.

Clues across -*
6

12

13

b C om plete the sentences w ith these verbs.

3 GRAMMAR present perfect or simple past?
try on wear gets -d-rcsscd put on take off
a W rite sentences an d questions w ith the present
1 She always _gets dressed, before she has breakfast in perfect. Use contractions.

the morning. 1 he / be / Taipei

2 What dress did you ___ to the party? He hasn’t been to Taipei.

3 I always clothes before I buy them 2 she / write / two books +

4 I’m cold. I’m going to a sweater.

5 It’s very hot here. your coat. 3 they / eat / there before \2_

4 you / ever / try / ice-skating I

2 PRONUNCIATION consonant sounds

5 I / see / this movie -
W rite th e w ords in the chart.

cap shoes tie coat top dress shorts suit

6 we / have / a lot of fun +

7 you / ever / lose / your ID card \J_

shirt T-shirt socks skirt

8 he / save / enough for a vacation F
b C om plete the sentences w ith ever or never. IVSore Words to Learn
1 I’ve never been to Guatemala. W rite translations and trv to rem em b er the words.
2 Have you flown before? Word Pronunciation Translation
3 The children have been to Disneyworld business noun S

4 Have w e _______ . met John’s wife? I can’t remember, chain noun t ein
5 She has done this before. company noun kAmpsni
6 Have I _ told you about my first boyfriend? washing machine wajiq ms'Jin/
shouted at you? noun
7 Has your boss
snowed here before. fashionable adjective /'fe jn s b l
8 It h a s _____
un) comfortable kAmftsbl
c C om plete the dialogues. adjective
exactly the same ig'zasktli 8e seim
have an argument haev argyum snt/
the main reason mein rizn

Study idea
l You can use y ou r d ictionary to learn the g ra m m a r
an d p ro n u n c ia tio n o f new’ words, as well as the
1 A Have you ever worn (you / ever / wear) a big hat? m eaning.

B Yes, I the pronunciation

A When (you / wear) it? the stress is on the the grammar
following syllable the translation
B When I (go) to a wedding last summer.
t / ;

2 A (you / ever / borrow) your business /'biznss, noun negocio

O
father’s clothes?
B Yes, I 2 Look at the P ro n u n c ia tio n colu m n above. Say the
w ords two or three times.
A What (you / borrow)?
B A tie. I (need) one for an interview. business ... business ... business.
3 A (you / ever / meet) a fashion
model?
B No, I :« « >
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4 A (you / ever / buy) any
Can you answer these questions?
second-hand clothes?
Have you ever read a book in English?
B Yes, I .1 (buy) a beautiful
Have you ever written an e-mail in English?
white shirt for $2.00 at a street market. il:
. ■■...... ... :
What are the most expensive clothes you've ever
5 A (you / ever / have) an v *•*>w-S

Have you ever been abroad?

argument about clothes? Have you ever sung in public?

B Yes, I . My brother (take) my

best sweater to the beach and . (ruin) it.

ook p. 132 Grammar Bank

p.com/elt/americanenglishfile/2
 Remember that as a teenager you are at the last sta
when you will be happy to hear that the phor^ :
Fran Lebowitz, Ame'

1 V O C A B U L A R Y verb phrases b C om plete the sentences for each picture. Use the
C om plete the expressions w ith these verbs. present perfect fo rm o f the verbs in parentheses.

change clean ^lean up do make

spend take use

1 cleanup__ your bedroom, your desk

2 ____ _______ the bed, noise
3 ___________ the dishes, housework
4 _______ ____the channel on the TV, your clothes
5 ___________ a computer, the Internet
6 __ __ ____out the trash, the dog for awalk
7 time, a lot of money
_

1 She hasjdreculyjlgne^ (already / do ) the dishes.

8 the house, the floor
_

2 H e _________________(yet / not get up).

3 They (yet / not buy a printer.)
2 G R A M M A R present perfect + yet, already
4 The tr a in ________________ (already / leave).
a W rite sentences w ith already or yet in the correct
place.
1 I’ve washed the floor, already
Yve already washed the floor. 3 PRONUNCIATION / y / a n d / d 3/
2 Have you seen this movie? yet W rite a w ord beginning w ith the so u n d in the pictures.
1 A color yellow
3 Hiro has made his bed. already 2 The day before today. ________
— »
3 Twelve m onths____________ _
4 My parents haven’t learned to use the Internet, yet 4 A place where professors teach.___________
— . *
5 The opposite of old____________
5 You’ve made a mistake, already
6 Three months that start with this sound.

6 We’ve been to Costa Rica, already

7 A kind of short coat. _________
8 Pants made of denim__________
7 Has the movie started? yet
? 9 The opposite of stingy. ________
*

10 A sport in which two people fight.

8 Carla has found a new job. already
4 READING
Divorced
Portuguese
men get
nternet
surviva
uide
Change your bed sheets once a week, keep
pans near tfie stove, and never wash white
clothes with dark ones.
That is just some of the
advice you can find on a
popular Internet site
designed to help recently-
divorced Portuguese men
do the housework, which
their wives always did for
them when they were
married.
Young men in Portugal
usually live with their
parents, and their mothers
usually do most, if not all,
of the cooking and
cleaning. They often live at
home until they get
married. And, when they
finally marry, most men
leave the housework to
their wives.
According to a recent study,
married men in Portugal do
less work around the house
than in any other European
Union country. But with the
number of divorces fling
rapidly in Portugal,
thousands of men are
having to iron their clothes
and make dinner for the
first time in their lives.
Many of these newly-
divorced men have turned
a Read the text. M ark the sentences T (true) or
F (false).
1 The website is for men who have just
T
gotten divorced.
2 Most Portuguese men are good at housework.
3 Portuguese couples usually share the housework.
4 Portuguese men normally leave home after they
finish school.
5 There are more and more divorces in Portugal.
6 Men's and womens magazines give different
kinds of advice.
b Look at the highlighted words. W h a t do you th in k
they mean? Check w ith your dictionary.
More Words to Learn
W rite translations and try to rem em b er the words
to a website called
Vida-On for advice on Word Pronunciation Translation
what for them were judge noun /d3Ad3/
"women's worries". On the
mess noun /mss/
website they can find out
which bathroom cleaner moody adjective / ‘mudi /
works best or how to
complain verb /ksm 'plein/
clean a stain from a white
shirt. insult verb /in's Alt/
The most popular feature throw out verb /0rou aot/
is a section offering recipes
treat verb /trit/
for beginners in the
kitchen. The recipes are at the last minute /set 5s laest m m st/
divided into those that are covered (with) /'kAvard/
easy, for "normal days",
and more difficult ones for go to court /goo t3 kort/
"special days"
In addition to domestic -
’ *
: .4.
rJ"t ,
tips, the site gives advice MM ■ M k Hun
for men who are worried
Can you answer these questions?
about starting to date
again. Other sections offer : ‘S
Have you made your bed yet today?
health and beauty tips as ■SSS.
ft:*:*:
|... ... -f: SM*
tfl
J ll
Have you had lunch yet?
well as an entertainment
Have you done your English homework yet?
IPI*.
guide for the newiy-single
Have you made plans for next weekend yet?
1w
man. "These topics are not 1
covered in traditional
*: $ i< :
. .
’??!*!•
Have you had dinner yet today?
men's magazines, and
women's magazines write
about them in a
£
completely different way,"
said the website founder,
Jorge Oliveira.
 Time is the coin of your life. Only you can decide how to spend it.
Don't let other people spend it for you.
Carl Sandburg, American poet

mm
.. . . •; ^
■■■■ •

1 G R A M M A l comparatives, as...as, less.,, than 6 Tokyo is more expensive than Seoul.

a C om plete the sentences w ith the correct S eo u l__________________________
com parative fo rm o f the adjective / adverb.
/ Ivana dresses more elegantly than Bianca.
1 The weather i s „ worse today than it was
B ianca ___________
yesterday, (bad)
8 Classical music is more relaxing than rock music
2 Please drive________ __ . You’re going too fast!
(slowly) Rock m u s ic ________

3 I failed the test. I'll work next time.

(hard)
4 Her life has becom e___ since she had her
2 F I O N U N C S A ^ I O N fa/ and far/, word stress
second child. (+ stressful)
a U nderline the stressed syllable in these words.
5 That joke i s __________ __ than the last one you told.
(funny) 1 (a)eo 5 American 9 journalist

6 The climate in the northern part of my country is 2 future 6 harder 10 today

_________than in the south, (wet) 3 parents 7 minutes 11 sickness
7 She sings than you. (good) 4 happened 8 machines 12 longer
8 Basketball is than soccer in the US.
(+ popular) b Now circle th e /a / and far/ sounds.
•r
-X I
Be careful! Some w ords have m o re
b Rewrite the sentences usine not as ... as. th a n one o f these sounds. £.-■.v1

c Practice saying the w ords in a.

i ... Wtfi 3 V O C A B U L A R Y expressions with time

C om plete the sentences w ith these words.

... ...IP ___

spend waste on take a long
don’t have enough save
■ ■ ' ” ‘

WISm■ ■ pm ' |§ g &&

;;; -■ : •• :

1 Don’t waste time doing things you don’t enjoy.

1 This vacuum cleaner is quieter than that one.
That vacuum cleaner
2 Carlos speaks more quickly than David
David
3 Russia is bigger than the US.
The U S
4 Portugal played better than Greece
G reece
5 Kim drives more carefully than Mark,
M ark
2 The flight to New Zealand is going t o ____________ time
isnY as quiet as this one
3 I’m sorry, but I ________ time to see you today.
4 She needs t o ___________ more time studying.
______ _______ ______
5 We’ll time if we take the train. Then we
won t get stuck in traffic.
___________
6 I hope we arrive time. My dad is meeting
me at the airport.
____________
______________

35
4 READING
a Read the story a n d p u t the pictures in the correct order.
® ib V• vKK::A
: :j

SPi
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:W
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b M ark the sentences T (true) or F (false).

The Fisherman and the Banker 1 The fisherman needed more fish. _E
— ■ # # # ----------------------------------------------------------- 2 He enjoyed his lifestyle, __
An American banker was walking on a beautiful beach 3 The banker wanted him to work harder. __
in a small Mexican village. He saw a fisherman in his
4 He told the fisherman to buy/ a smaller boat. _
boat with a few fish on it.
“ Great fish!” he said, “ how long did it take you to
5 The banker said he would be rich in five years. __
catch them?” 6 He probably didn t convince the fisherman.
“ Not very long/’ answered the fisherman.
“ Why didn't you stay at sea longer to catch some
more?” asked the banker.
More Words to Learn
“ There are enough fish here to feed my family,” W rite translations a n d try to rem em b er the words.
answered the fisherman.
Word Pronunciation Translation
Then the banker asked, “ But what do you do the
rest of the time?” headlines noun /'hsdlainz/
“ I sleep late, I fish a little, I play with my kids, ! take newspaper article /'nuzpeipor 1artikl/
naps. In the evening, I go to see my friends in the noun
village. We drink wine and play the guitar. Tm busier
speed noun /spid/
than you think. Life here isn’t as ...”
The banker interrupted him. “ I have an M BA from traffic noun / 'traefik/
harvard University and I can help you. You’re not
obsessed (with) /sb'ssst/
fishing as much as you can. If you start fishing for
adjective
longer periods of time, you’ll get enough money from
selling the fish to buy a bigger boat. Then with the previous adjective /'privies/
money you’ll get from catching and selling more fish, relaxed adjective /ri'laekst/
you could buy a second boat and then a third one and
stressed adjective /strsst/
so on. Then instead of selling your fish to stores, you
could sell them directly to a fish factory, or even open stressful adjective /'strssfl/
your own factory. Then you’ll be able to leave your little slow down verb /slou daon/
village for Mexico City, where you could direct the
company.”
“ How long will that take?” asked the fisherman.
“ About 15 to 20 years,” answered the banker.
“ And then?”
Can you answer these questions?
“ Then it gets more interesting,” said the banker,
smiling and talking more quickly. “ When the moment | Are you busier now than you were a year ago?
comes, you can put your company on the stock market | Do you work or study harder now than a year ago?
and you will make millions.” jf f Would you like to live somewhere quieter or more exciting?
“ Millions? But then what?”
•; Is your town or city as big as New York City?
“ Then you can retire, live in a small village by the sea,
Do you speak English as well as your friends?
go to the beach, sleep late, play with your kids, ...”
 *$:•]£■*"

1 GRAMMAR superlatives (+ei/er +present perfect) b Circle the correct adjective.

a C om plete the sentences w ith the superlative o f an
adjective from the box.

cheap dangerous boring polluted

far bad impatient easy

.j,. :

:■* y<-y •vn' ■■ 1 It’s the busier / (^busiest) city I’ve ever been to.
There are so many people and cars everywhere.
S' *

2 The river is the dirtier / dirtiest I have ever seen.

The water is black, and it’s full of garbage.

S:
3 The restaurants are more expensive / the most
expensive than the last time I was here.
4 It’s the noisier / noisiest hotel I’ve ever stayed in.

del
5 The buses are slower / the slowest than the subway
- :£&
c W rite sentences w ith ever.
A;," ^ ;
tf'i•*
> '
SBjhSIBI I 1 He / rude person / 1 / meet
He's the rudest person Vve ever met.
1 Some people wear masks on the street because it is the
2 This / exciting book I I I read
most polluted city in this country.
2 She’s t h e ____________ person I know. She hates
3 It / beautiful building / we / see
waiting for anything.
3 Thirty kilometers is t h e ____________ I’ve ever walked
4 That / funny joke / you / tell
in one day.
4 This store is really expensive. T h e ____________ suit
5 It / beautiful photograph I I I take
costs $1,000!
5 This exercise is t h e ____________ I did it in five
6 That / stupid thing / 1 / do
minutes.
6 I never want to go to that restaurant again. I had the
7 That / delicious meal / he / make
_________ dinner of mylife.
7 It’s t h e ____________ road in the country There are
8 These / good poems / she / write.
hundreds of accidents every year.
8 That was t h e ____________ movie I’ve ever seen, I fell
asleep after half an hour!
2 VOCABULARY opposite adjectives More Words to Learn
a C om plete the sentences w ith the opposite o f the W rite translations an d try to rem em b er the words
adjectives in parentheses.
Word Pronunciation Translation
1 Where’s the most i ntaxstmg (boring) place you’ve
accident noun /'aekssdsnt/
ever been to?
change noun /tjeind3/
2 That man is so i (patient)!
gardener noun /'g ard n sr/
3 New York is a very s (dangerous) city
grocery store noun /'grousari stor/
these days.
reputation noun /rspya'teijn/
4 Tokyo is an extremely n (quiet) city.
fall down verb /fol 'daun/
5 The salesperson was very r (polite).
find out verb /faind a u t/
6 The subway in New York is very c
several determiner /'ssvral/
(empty).
sure / of course /Jur/ h v kors/
7 Los Angeles is a very p (clean) c ity -
too much (money) /tu mAtJV
there are so many cars.
8 Most of the buildings in this city are very ftigir &&1■
*rs l i i i i rd ■
- :

m (old). i Hill .
4

a-'*:';
-

Can you answer these questions?

b W rite the correct prefix to m ake opposite adjectives.
*tf III
- 1sMi. |
x b &s
What's the best restaurant you've ever eaten in?
un- lm- M4tmk What's the most comfortable hotel you've ever stayed in?
What's the worst movie you've ever seen?
1 un healthy 5 polite
What's the coldest place you've ever been to?
.. . .
m
s *•••

2 possible happy
What's the noisiest city you've ever visited?
3 comfortable 7 mature
4 friendly 8 patient

Student Book

3 PRONUNCIATION /or/, h r / , /ou/, word stress

Complete each sentesice with one word.
a Circle the w ord w ith a different sound.
A Are you out tonight?
X N B Yes, to the movies.
ST o u 3><\ snow much this winter.
K r~~ jT
j
— —
y/ \ I don't think it_____
\

I promise I _________ tell anyone your secret.

boring T-shirt cold more your sister play sports?
(dirty) court old of course your boyfriend ever met your parents?

four worst bought mature I don't want a sandwich. I ____________ already eaten
lunch.
b U nderline the stressed syllable in these adjectives. Your computer isn't____ fast as mine.

1 unfriendly 5 immature That's the best movie I've seen.

2 beautiful 6 unhappy
3 exciting 7 unhealthy
4 dangerous 8 impossible
1 A S K I N G FOR I N F O R M A T I O N 3 READING
Circle the correct w ord in each line. a Read the article an d answer these questions.

A Can you recommend 1@ l the good restaurant? 1 How far is the airport from downtown San Francisco?
B Well, YumYum 2 has / is a great Thai restaurant, 14 miles._

A How 3 close / far is it from here? 2 How much does BART cost for two people going one way?

B Oh, it’s pretty 4 close / far. Just a couple of

blocks. 3 If your taxi fare is $40, how much should you tip?___________
4 How much does the airport bus cost for two adult round trips?
A 5 Can / Do I walk from here?
B Sure. It’ll only 6 take / need you five minutes.
5 What time is the earliest bus to the airport? ______
A Can you show me 7 in / on the map?
6 Which forms of transportion will take you straight to your
B OK. We re here, and YumYum is here, 8 in / on
hotel? and
the corner.
A Thanks. What time does it 9 close / closes?
B Not 10 after / until midnight. You have plenty
of time.
International
Airport
2 SOCIAL ENGLISH
San Francisco International
C om plete the dialogue w ith one w ord in Airport is 14 miles south of the
each blank. city. Travel time to downtown
San Francisco during rush hour
A Excuse me, don’t I 1 kn ow you?
is about 40 minutes; at other
B No, I don’t 2 th so. times it's about 20-25 minutes
A I’m 3 su_.___ I know you. Weren’t you in
Miami last year, studying English? Getting into town from the airport
B Yes. Wait a minute! Yes, now I 4 re_
BART (Bay Area TAXIS from the including the Grand
You’re Carlos. Rapid Transit, the airport to downtown Hyatt, the San
San Francisco subway, San Francisco cost Francisco Hilton, and
A That’s 5 ri___ . And you’re Ana!
www.bart.gov) began $30 to $35, plus tip the Palace Hotel.
B Wow! What are you 6 do here? running from the (around 15% of the For the return trip,
airport to the city in fare). the buses pick up at
A I’m 7 st. again. Still trying to improve my
2003. This new hotels as early as
AIRPORT BUSES
English! And you? route avoids traffic 5:30 a.m. Make a
leave from outside
and costs about $6 reservation 24 hours
B I’m on 8 va . Actually, I’m looking for the baggage claim
each way, in advance if
area every
somewhere to buy some stamps. depending on possible. The cost
30 minutes. No
exactly where you're per person is $10
A I know 9 wh the post office is. I’ll walk reservations are
going. Trains leave one way, $15 round
needed. They stop at
with you if you like. approximately every trip; children under
several hotels near
20 minutes. 12 are free.
B Are you sure? That’s very 10 ki of you. Union Square,

b U nderline five w ords or phrases you d o n ’t know. Use your

dictionary to look up their m ean in g an d p ro n u n ciatio n .
 Never give a party if you will be the most interesting person there.
Mickey Friedman, American author

» :
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:
| \

i i:, * :
:¥ ‘ ::
t i i i ..
::
. .........

1 G R A M M A R uses of the infinitive c C om plete the sentences w ith an infinitive

a C om plete the sentences w ith an infinitive. argue learn take have study
make buy meet
meet relax not have not tell
not worry take close
1 He s going to the library__ to study
1 I’ve decided not to have a birthday party this year. 2 I go to evening classes Spanish.
We’ll just go out for dinner. 3 They’re calling the theater tickets.
2 Would vou l i k e _________ my fiance? 4 She went to the cafe____ something to eat.
3 Please, try about me. I’ll be OK. 5 Are you doing that me angry:
4 Oh, no. I think I forgot ___________ the kitchen 6 I bought some books _ with me on vacation.
window. 7 I didn’t come here with you.
5 He promised anybody about her 8 He goes to parties__ new people.
problem.
.134 Grammar Bank 5A
6 She needs more - she looks really
stressed. 2 VOCABULARY verbs + infinitive
7 My dad offered me to the party. F ourteen examples of the w ord to are m issing from this
text. Can you p u t th e m back?
b W rite sentences using the adjective an d the
correct form o f the verb.
/ Tm Bill. I'm 16 and I'd like* get a part-time job. I'm hoping
1 important / be
get a job with computers because I'm planning make lots
It's important to be there early this evening.
of money.
2 careful / not drop
My grades in school aren't very good, and 1don't know if I'm
B e ____________ those plates!
going graduate. I tty work hard but I'm not a very good student.
dangerous / swim
All the other students understand and earn do things quickly but
It’s . . . in this
not me. And I never remember
4 difficult / sleep
bring my books to class and always
Do you ever rind it at night?
forget do my homework.
5 interesting / talk to
She’s always very at parties. I'd like learn fly because I want be

6 nice / see a pilot. But first I need take a

Hello! It s you again. course. My mother offered pay

7 easy / use for the course but only if

promise get better grades

Digital cameras are
school!

t Book p i 54 Vocabulary Bank

3 PRONUNCIATION word stress More Words to Learn
a Look at each pair o f words. W hich w ord is stressed W rite translations an d try to rem em b er the words.
on the second syllable? U nderline the stress.
Word Pronunciation Translation
1 remember dangerous
celebration noun /ssb 'b reijn /
2 promise reception
hairdresser noun /'hsrdrssar/
......
3 question survive
hairstyle noun /'her st ail/
4 decide difficult
psychiatrist noun /sai'kaistrist/
5 pretend birthday
wedding reception noun /'wsdir) ri'sspjn/
6 offer tomorrow
impersonal adjective /im 'psrssnl/
7 airport advice
motivate verb /m o o tav e it/
8 children escape
recommend verb /rska'm snd/
b Practice saying the words. survive verb /ssr'varv/
in the corner /in 8s 'kornsr/
4 READING
a Read the article an d m a rk the sentences T (true) or ■•:¥.:::: :¥ ¥: -y;;:¥ •
c i ? v-

f
. .. ... .

l: . ■ V : |:/ 3FTi:
.
.:
. -
.■■: • r • • • •
- -■'■ s
;
kj 0m
F (false). ....
m
.x -i: >:
. .
— >•
- ^
' i: ; ■:! ;
;.. ...; : . . . . . . . . . . . ... .. .. ,
j
......
* •: * - S: >• :=?
-■ :
v*-?
| | f §“f
p. f :s#l<
V
* xi
:• >. ::: y ::¥ ¥ :¥ ¥. :¥. >•
■ •
-k .
|
■■
- I
' ■

1 DJs are good for small parties. F Can you answer these questions?
2 A DJ is more expensive than live music. What do you want to do tonight?
3 Some DJs need more space than others. What are you planning to do this weekend?
Is English easy or difficult to learn?
4 A good DJ will only play music that he or she likes
Which countries would you like to visit?
5 It’s a good idea to ask how much space a DJ needs.
,m¥: Do you think it's important to speak foreign languages?
6 You need to pay more for an experienced DJ.

b U nderline five w ords you d o n ’t know. Use your

d ictionary to look up their m ean in g an d
p ro n u n ciatio n .

■ v •!; :• ¥ ¥:•:>
;;
-.
y •* yi y ,y y ly
•• : ■
i; y v. y.
■ ■^
.y ft * . .y . y y
=
; wmw® :
m
. •' • •- - '
: ■ - : ■ = = ; =
, ■. f f- ■ ■ ¥' ■: ' : '

oosing a Equipment
. ,. ,
...
,
:
;i *. J; .; •.
, .. • • ..S’ 3#
:3S ' • •: '
t--' ... 'Si: -
S"
. . ;; , ,
.
* * :f :¥
-;

Different DJs can have very different

'mm.

I amounts of equipment, from small CD

If you’re having a big party for a
and minidisc players to large sound
wedding or an important birthday, systems and disco lighting, and even
then maybe you need a disk jockey. HI £3 live dancers. It’s important to ask how
• v m

DJs are great if you don't have >. v. .y.' ¥ j

■i.y *«

L' >
-
,■ v 'r■ .

enough money or space to have a
live band. A live band is more fun
to watch, but a good DJ can be
very entertaining and can keep
people dancing all night.
Quality
If you decide to have a DJ, the most
important thing to consider is quality.
DJs need to be reliable, they need to
have professional equipment, and they
need to be experienced. And good
DJs can be difficult to find.
A m :\
■■
■■ : P
much equipment the DJ has, so you
1•
I, can plan an appropriate space for him
or her to work in. Again, a good DJ
will be able to adapt his or her
equipment to your needs.
Style of music
When you’re hiring a DJ, it’s Cost
important to make sure that you like When hiring a DJ, it’s important to
the music they play. If they are understand that you get what you pay
experienced, they should ask you what for. Experienced DJs are in demand
kind of party you’re having and what and ask for higher fees than newer,
kind of people will be there. This less experienced DJs. A good DJ
information will help them choose the means a great party, so try to spend
music they play - and a good DJ as much as you can. And don’t forget
always wants to entertain people. to enjoy yourself!

www.oup.com/elt/americanenglishfile/ 41
 3WSBM; •». rv* Happiness is when what you think, what you say and what you do are all in harmony.
'ar.atma Gandhi, Indian political leader

5:. A: ■«:>:

:■■ ■ •: :•: :•: :•■

: ■:■: - .■:: ■■
:•. ■ : ■ :■ ■■ :• ". •' ■•: • - .-’. .■
■' ' • ' * ” •.. ■•■
. ..• • ■•■
• •• .
■. : :
fgg H

1 GRAMMAR verb + -ing c Complete the text with the - ing form of these verbs
a Complete the sentences with the -ing drive have get up lmasm leave listen
g°
form of the verbs in parentheses. read send stay turn take (x2 w rite
1 I really hate cleaning up (clean up) my
room!
2 I don’t enjoy (go) to the What makes you feel good?
movies by myself.
re ideas from our readers.
3 Will you please stop
(make) that noise! o Writing and then 2__ seriding
4 We haven’t finished (eat) a funny e-mail or text message to my

yet, friends. And of course,3_____________

5 They’ll keep on (talk) until their faces when they read it

you tell them to stop!

6 I love (travel) to different 1 really like 4 at

places. nisht when there's no traffic and

b Match the two halves of the sentences. to my favorite

1 Do you ever dream of c music I feel completely free.

2 Are you interested in

3 Please don’t leave without « in bed on Sunday mornin

4 Remember to say good-bye before and the newspaper. Then

5 We ended the evening by 8 very/ late and

6 I’m really looking forward to 9 my dog for a

a doing some part-time work?

b hearing about your vacation, O enjoy 10 to the gym and really

li a good workout then

c stopping work and retiring? I do.
12 a long hot shower followed
d thanking everybody for coming,
by a hot cup of tea. There's nothing better.
e saying good-bye to me.
f leaving tomorrow.
© 13 off my computer at the

work,
end of the day, 14

and getting into my car to go home! It's

the best moment of the day. I love it!

d C om plete the text w ith the correct form o f the verbs 3 V O C A B U L A R Y verbs + -ing
in parentheses (-in g fo rm or infinitive).
M atch the sentences w ith similar m eanings.
1 She doesn’t mind going if you can’t. C

Getting out of the rat race 2 She loves going out.

... . , •: ••• ■ ' ' ... . ... ... • ■ ■: •• • -. : ............................... .. s - ••>' ■: ■■■•• ••
■: " 3

3 She hates gardening.

4 She’s stopped going to the gym.
5 She’s thinking of taking a year off.
6 She’s started working again.

a She doesn’t do it anymore,

b She’s just begun,
p .still
Mi c She’s happy to do it.
k> ■
1
.;;** **.S f * *f
' * Illai 1 %
-
;;;;;•; ,/,,•:* -i.-■¥ 'i-5;: -J
'.'.w ':'* '* .'' 'v>'> |V
;; ;; * ! ! i, V* * ■*« * i- * %*■%i *>%*■f *f. t '
I . v- -Jft rtfs || 'f <' v ' ' S| <| | |

d She really likes it.

More and more people are deciding 1 to get (get) out e She hasn’t decided yet.
of the rat race. This means they w a n t2_________
-------- (stop) f She really doesn’t like it.
3 (work) in an office and move out of the city.
Indent Book pJ54 Vocabulary Bank
So, what are people doing instead of a 9-5 job? Well,

many people hope 4_________ (set up) their own

I1
More Words to Learn
business. Perhaps they enjoy 5 _________(cook) for 3
i
t§
W rite translations an d try to rem em b er the words.
II
1
I1
friends and have decided 6_ _ (open) a cafe ■M
m
§»

H1? Word Pronunciation Translation

Some people just want 7 (spend) time I
II fire noun /faisr/
cS
(learn) something new.
I
s:-|!

II forest noun / ’forost/

n
ill Yates and her husband, Tim, hated 9 (get I
mystery noun /'mistari/
up) every morning at 6:00 a.m. and i0_ (drive)
nature noun /'neitjsr/
to work. They spent more hours 11_____ (travel) than
12
storm noun /storm/
(work)! They really liked 13___ (sail) ■

and 14 (surf), so they decided 15

breathe verb /bri6/
(move) to San Diego, in southern California. They started control verb /ksn'troul/
I
a business there, 16 (teach) other people to sail (planes) take off verb /teik af/
and surf. Jill says It's important17______ (be) happy a whole day /s houl dei/
with your life. You only get one chance!" it doesn’t matter /it dAznt 'maeter

Student Book p J 3 4 Grammar Bank 5B • r \ f 4 >-»' r* * r*] ! r 'i< l -n - r* 3- • v S

■J: It r-; lif n r ■; f Hlj ? ■

2 PRONUNCIATION -ing Can you answer these questions?

m Wm
a U nderline the stressed syllable in these words. |l m What do you enjoy doing when you're on vacation?
iv:i?

i l l

Do you think eating fish is healthier than eating meat?

1 singing 4 listening 7 remembering
■£ Do you spend much time having breakfast?
2 sailing 5 enjoying 8 pretending Do you prefer eating out or cooking at home?
3 morning 6 relaxing Are you good at remembering people's names?

b Practice saying the words.

www.oup.com/elt/americanenglishfile/2
 The limits of my language are the limits of my world.
Ludwig Wittgenstein, Austrian philosopher

GRAMIVSAI have to, don't have to, must, c Complete the sentences with m ust not or don’t have to.
must not, can't 1 I don’t have to wear a uniform to school.
Look at the pictures. Complete the sentences with 2 You___________ smoke in a gas station.
the correct form of have to.
3 You___________ cook tonight. We can eatout.
4 Y o u ___________ drive without a license.
5 You stand while the plane takes off
6 I __________ get up early on weekends.

2 PRONUNCIATION silent letters

a Cross out the silent letters in these words.

1 Chefs _have to have clean hands to work with food. fa^en 4 Wednesday 7 climb

2 Chefs wash dishes. listen 5 knees 8 sign

3 A politician be very old. half 6 know 9 walk

4 A politician talk to lots of people. b Practice saying the words.

5 Secretaries know how to use computers.
6 Secretaries be very tall. 3 VOCABULARY modifiers
7 a pilot be strong? Order the words to make sentences.
No, but they be intelligent. 1 British / American English / similar / very / are / and
8 a n u rse ___________wear a uniform? British and American English are very similar.
Yes, they usually___________ wear a white uniform. 2 can / pronunciation / English / fairly / difficult / be
English _
What do these signs mean? Write sentences with
m ust or cant. 3 Japanese / learning / isn’t / easy / very
Learning _______________ _______________________
4 I / Hungarian / think / complicated / is / extremely
I ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5 is / bit / Italian / a / easier / little

I ta lia n __________________________
6 Reading / is / vocabulary / a / to / way / really / useful /
1 You must fasten your seat be l t fasten / seat belt
learn
2 _ stop / here
R eading _____________________________________
3 smoke
4 ......... turn left
5 ______________________ ________ walk / on the grass
4 READING b Complete the sentences with the people s names.
a Read the opinions about learning languages. Which 1 A na_ says that you don’t need to have perfect
do you think are the three best ideas?
• *

pronunciation.

r :
2 and think that having a
WHAT'S THE BEST WAY TO computer will help you learn.
3 thinks that a good reference book is

Learn a language 4
important.
thinks that if you hear a language,
you’ll get better at speaking it.
This week we ask students and teachers
5 says that reading can improve your
from all over the world for their ideas. vocabulary.

Sang-woo, student, English, and I think it's More Words to Learn

Korea partly because there are
TV programs in English,
Write translations and try to remember the words.
Find something interesting
so you hear the language Word Pronunciation Translation
to read in the language
a lot
you're studying. Reading experiment noun /ik'spsram snt/
really helps you learn new
Sompong, IT guide noun /gaid/
vocabulary and grammar,
consultant, Thailand phrase book noun /freiz bok/
'm studying Spanish, and
try to read a little don't have a lot of time fascinated adjective /'fessneitid/
Spanish every day - you for studying, but I think
that the Internet is an
incredible adjective /m 'krsdsbl/
don't have to spend a
long time doing it, maybe incredible resource for obligatory adjective /s'bhgstori/
just five minutes looking learners of English around
tricky adjective /'triki /
at a Spanish newspaper the world. Everybody with
or website. a computer has access to be good at verb /bi god aet/
millions of pages of against (the rules) /s'gsnst/
Ana, student Peru English, and you don't preposition
... _

have to leave home - in

I think you have to permitted /par'nut id/
a few seconds you can
concentrate on
find something interesting
pronunciation from the
to read. You don't have to Study idea
beginning. You don't have
be studying to learn a
to pronounce words Think of personal examples to learn new words.
language - you can be
perfectly, but you can't What are you good at? What is against the rules in
enjoying yourself.
pronounce them in a way your school?
that people won't
Wen, student, Taiwan
understand. I practice
JS f • , . . I K * CH
• . = •
; ■= ; ■* .= ^

English pronunciation by think you have to have a ■> •

K!!"*- KS«3
&■yj
ft W*
.m .
¥: * •>
, -
i h «. * •
m-. fa
good dictionary. It can
'•"itllliv m iiv s : . . .

1
repeating words after the ■ 4 f£ §
CD or by saying the really help you iearn a Can you answer these questions?
words in my head. language. It tells you what
Do you have to work or study on the weekend?
words mean, but it also
Elke, language teacher, gives you information Do you have to get up early during the week?
Sweden about how words are Do you have to carry an ID card in your country?
used together, phrases, Which side of the road do you have to drive on?
You have to listen to the
expressions, and How old do you have to be to drive?
language as much as you
pronunciation.
can. In Sweden a lot of
people speak very good
 Some people think football (soccer) is a matter of life and death.
I can assure them it is much more serious than that.
Bill Shankly; Liverpool soccer manager

1 VOCABULARY sports, prepositions of movement

a C om plete the puzzle.

b Complete the sentences with the correct form of play, do, or go.
1 I ploy football for a local team. S GRAMMAR expressing movement
2 How often do y o u swimming? a Look at the pictures an d w rite sentences
w ith these verbs and prepositions.
3 My father______ golf every weekend.

4 We o ften cycling on the weekend. cycle row ftm go get ski through
a-cress out of down up around
5 My sister judo twice a week.
6 I don’t basketball because I’m too short! 1 The dog is running
across the street.
c Read the definitions. Which of the sports in a are they?
1 In this sport you go down hills very quickly.
You attach two long, thin objects to your boots. _skiing _ 2 The tr a in ______

2 In this game there are two teams of nine players. ________ the tunnel.
Each player hits a ball with a bat, then runs
around bases. - 3 H e _________ __ _____
3 People who play this sport are usually very tall. the hill.
They get points by throwing a ball through a net. ________
4 You often play this sport indoors, but you can
4 The people________
also play it on a beach. There are two teams.
First you have to throw a ball over a high net, _______ the mountaii
then use your hands to stop the ball from hitting
the ground on your side. ________ 5 S h e________
5 You often do this indoors, but you can also do the car.
it outdoors and even in the ocean. You move your
arms and legs to move through water.
6 T h ey ________
d Underline the prepositions of movement in c.
_________ the lake.