ISTANBUL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF AERONAUTICS AND ASTRONAUTICS

AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING

UCK432E – AIRCRAFT DESIGN

ASSOC. PROF. DR. GÖKHAN İNALHAN

110080039 İBRAHİM CANDEMİR

110080068 KIVANÇ ÖZIŞIK

110100008 GÖKÇE GÜLCÜLER

110100051 OLCAY SARI

110100055 SEDEF ÖZ

110110919 ERIC KISKOSGEI KIRWA

 1. Literature Review

In the first step of the project, the data of similar UAVs designed and manufactured before
were researched. The required data can be seen in the table given below. Moreover, several values
of the UAVs are compared and shown in plots as it is expected in the assignment.
 Aircraft The Slugger Angel of Attack No Name H2 Buffalo Wrong Brothers AR1- Joint Strike Fighter SanDiego Mischief
Reference Number(s) [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8]
Country USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA
Configuration Standard monoplane Conventional A/C Conventional A/C Conventional A/C Conventional A/C Flying w ing Biplane Conventional A/C
Battery Type 26, 1.5 amp-hour cells KAN650 Elite 1500 NiMH NiMH 2/3 A NiMH Custom Packs Elite 1500 Elite 1500A Elite 1500
Pow erplant (Motor) Medusa MR-028-56-1400V2 Neu 1107-6D Hacker A20-20L HIMMAX HC3522 Hacker A20-26 M Neu 1110-3Y 6.7:1 Neu 1110-2.5Y Neu 110056D
Propeller Single Tractor 17x13 Folding APC Various 14x7 10x7 6x15, 17x12 13x10, 14x8,5, 12x12 16x13, 17x9, 15x16
Payload Weight, Wp (kg) 4,350 1,701 1,997 1,955 0,519 1,361 0,891 1,094
Empty Weight, We (kg) 2,490 0,814 0,838 1,560 0,953 1,369 1,604 1,020
Battery Weight, Wf (kg) 0,600 0,589 0,420 0,182 0,388 0,639 0,680 0,266
Maximum Take Off Weight, W0 (kg) 7,440 2,83 4,39 3,71 1,86 3,38 3,17 2,38
Pow er (h.p.) 0,800 0,402 0,295 0,630 0,322 0,671 0,744 0,268
Wing Span (m) 2,130 1,473 1,311 1,706 1,372 0,864 0,984 1,300
Wing Area (m2) 0,640 0,337 0,242 0,483 0,270 0,685 0,250 0,200
Wing Aspect Ratio 7,131 6,440 7,000 6,000 6,970 1,130 3,870 7,200
Wing Taper Ratio 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Sw eep Angle (c/4) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Wing thickness ratio (root) 0,160 N/A N/A N/A 0,260 0,180 N/A N/A
Wing thickness ratio (tip) 0,160 N/A N/A N/A 0,260 0,180 N/A N/A
Airfoil (root) SILK21 BA9 FX60-126 Eppler 216 S2091 NACA 0018 E210, SD7032 CC48-513
Airfoil (tip) SILK21 BA9 FX60-126 Eppler 216 S2091 NACA 0018 E210, SD7032 CC48-513
Flaps No Flap No Flap No Flap No flap No flap Elevon No flap No flap
Horizontal T. Volume Coeff., CHT 0,340 0,833 N/A 0,784 0,850 0,085 0,085 0,491
Vertical Tail Volume Coefficient, CVT 0,190 0,133 N/A 0,081 0,027 0,156 0,010 0,113
Horizontal Tail Airfoil NACA 4412 to 4409 SD8020 Flat Plate Flat plate Flat plate N/A NACA 0008 NACA 0012
Vertical Tail Airfoil NACA 0012 to 0009 SD8020 Flat Plate Flat plate Flat plate SD8020 NACA 0008 NACA 0012
Max. Wing Loading, W0/S, (lb/ft2) 2,381 1,721 3,712 1,571 1,413 1,011 2,601 2,437
Horsepow er to Weight Ratio (h.p./lb) 0,049 0,064 0,030 0,077 0,078 0,090 0,106 0,051
Cruising Speed (m/s) 16,764 20,58 24,38 26,33 27,43 24,38 28,61 20,10
Stalling Speed, flaps up (m/s) 13,000 10,032 10,790 7,520 N/A 9,144 N/A 12,700
Stalling Speed, flaps dow n (m/s) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Take Off Distance (m) 30,480 27,968 2,045 N/A 11,278 8,839 8,078 12,192
Landing Distance (m) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Endurance (minutes) 3,333 2,381 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Skin, spar, aileron, rib,
Spar, skin,stringer, rib- Solid foam, balsa,
Wing Structure and Materials The balsa/film method foam, carbonfiber, Balsa, 1# EPS Balsa w ood, carbonfiber Hollow ed foam w ing, balsa Rib, spar, balsa
balsa w ood carbonfiber, hybrid
fiberglass, solite
Skin, Longeron, Bulkhead, Bulkhead, Stringer, rib- Solid foam, balsa, Kevlar, carbon and
Fuselage Structure and Materials Female mold method (foam) 1# EPS Balsa w ood, carbonfiber Hollow ed foam w ing, balsa
Foam, Fiberglass balsa w ood, plyw ood carbonfiber, hybrid foam structure

Landing Gear Arrangement Tricycle landing gear w ith outriggers Tricycle Monocycle Tail dragger Tail dragger Tricycle Tail dragger Tail dragger
Landing Gear Structure 45/0/45/0/balsa/Kevlar/balsa/0/45/0/45 Balsa, carbonfiber N/A Plastic foam Carbonfiber, Kevlar Fiberglass, carbonglass Carbonfiber Carbonfiber, balsa
Main Wheel Diameter[m] 0,838 0,605 N/A N/A 0,022 0,051 N/A 0,229
Steering Wheel Diameter[m] 0,838 0,035 N/A N/A 0,022 0,076 N/A 0,229
2. Graphics

8.000

7.000

6.000

5.000
W0 (kg)

4.000

3.000

2.000

1.000

0.000
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6

We/W0-W0 Wf/W0-W0

b-W0
8.000
7.000
6.000
5.000
W0(kg)

4.000
3.000
2.000
1.000
0.000
0.800 1.000 1.200 1.400 1.600 1.800 2.000 2.200
b(m)
 S-W0
8.000
7.000
6.000
5.000
W0(kg)

4.000
3.000
2.000
1.000
0.000
0.100 0.200 0.300 0.400 0.500 0.600 0.700 0.800
S(m2)

# of Aircraft - Vcruise
35.000
30.000
25.000
20.000
15.000
Vcruise(m/s)

10.000
5.000
0.000
er ck e l o rs er go ef
gg a m ffa he ht e hi
lu Att Na Bu ro
t
Fi
g Di si c
S f
No B an M
Th
e lo H2 ng ke S
g e
ro S tri
An W in
t
Jo
1-
AR

# of Aircraft - W0
8.000
7.000
6.000
5.000
4.000
3.000
2.000
W0(kg)

1.000
0.000
er ck e l o
er
s er go e f
g a m ffa th ht ie hi
ug Att Na u o Fi
g D is c
Sl f B Br an
e lo No H2 ke S M
Th ge ng tri
An ro t S
W in
Jo
1-
AR
 # of Aircraft - Wp
5.000
4.500
4.000
3.500
3.000
2.500
2.000
1.500
Wp(kg)

1.000
0.500
0.000
er ck e l o rs er go e f
gg a m ffa he ht ie hi
S lu f Att Na Bu ro
t
F i g nD is c
e lo No H2
B e Sa M
Th ge ng rik
ro St
An W nt
J oi
1-
AR

# of Aircraft - T.O.D.
35.000
30.000
25.000
20.000
15.000
10.000
TOD(m)

5.000
0.000
er ck e l o rs er go ef
gg a m ffa he ht e hi
lu Att Na Bu ro
t
Fi
g Di si c
S f
No B an M
Th
e lo H2 ng ke S
g e
ro S tri
An W in
t
Jo
1-
AR

# of Aircraft - H.P./W
0.120
0.100
0.080
0.060
0.040
hp/kg

0.020
0.000
er ck e l o
er
s er go e f
g a m ffa th ht ie hi
ug Att Na u o Fi
g D is c
Sl f B Br an
e lo No H2 ke S M
Th ge ng tri
An ro t S
W in
Jo
1-
AR
 # of Aircraft - Cht
0.900
0.800
0.700
0.600
0.500
0.400
0.300
0.200
CHT

0.100
0.000
er ck e l o rs er go e f
gg a m ffa he ht ie hi
S lu f Att Na Bu ro
t
F i g nD is c
e lo No H2
B e Sa M
Th ge ng rik
ro St
An W nt
J oi
1-
AR

# of Aircraft - Cvt
0.200
0.180
0.160
0.140
0.120
0.100
0.080
0.060
0.040
CVT

0.020
0.000
er ck e l o rs er go e f
gg tta m ffa he ht ie hi
lu fA Na Bu ro
t
Fi
g D is c
S o No B an M
Th
e l H2 ng ke S
ge ro S tri
An W in
t
Jo
1-
AR