DEP21033

Electrical Machine

INSTITUT KEMAHIRAN MARA

SEBERANG PERAI UTARA

DIPLOMA TEKNOLOGI KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRIK

(PENJAGA JENTERA A1)

DEP 21033
(ELECTRICAL MACHINE)

EXPERIMENT 3:
SELF-LOCK CONTROL EXPERIMENT PROCEDURE
OBSERVATION

0
 DEP21033
Electrical Machine

OBJECTIVES

After finishing this experiment the student should be able to:

1. To understand the working principle of the rotating electrical machine.

2. To observe and understand the self-lock control of the motor.

THEORY

Rotating electrical machines – generators and motors – are devices that transform mechanical
power into electrical power, and vice-versa. Electrical power from a central power station can be
transmitted and subdivided very efficiently and conveniently. The operation of electrical machines is
explained by four general principles that will be briefly presented below. These principles are not
difficult to understand, and illuminate most of the reasons for the stages in the historical development
of electrical power, and especially of electric railways. Electricity is the medium that carries power from
the prime mover, whether at a central power station or on the locomotive, to its point of application at
the rail, and allows it to be controlled conveniently.
Power is rate of doing work. One horsepower means lifting 550 pounds by one foot in one
second. Mechanical power is force times speed. One watt is a current of one ampere (A) flowing in a
potential difference or voltage of one volt (V). Electrical power is current (in amperes, A) times voltage
(in volts, V). 746W is equivalent to 1hp. A medium-size electric locomotive might have a rating of
2000kW, or 2680hp. At 85% efficiency, and a voltage of 15kV, 157A is drawn from the overhead contact
wire. Torque is the rotational equivalent of force, often useful in speaking of motors. It is force times
perpendicular distance, and power is torque times rotational speed in radians per second.
Self-locking refers to the tendency of some gearing to resist movement when the gear motor is
at rest and the load is attempting to move. For example a load on a conveyer belt is trying to drive the
system backwards.
Normally, parallel shaft gear head and right angle gear head with low ratios are generally not
considered to be self-locking. Right angle gear heads with ratios greater than 20:1 are often considered
to be self-locking. They will resist the movement up to their torque rating. As the gear head nears the
end of its useful life or it is subjected to overload conditions, it may it may wear to the point where it is
no longer self-locking. Self-locking gearing is not a recommended method for preventing movement in
applications where this movement may cause injury or damaged. An external brake is recommended
for some applications.

1
 DEP21033
Electrical Machine

APPARATUS

Model
No Module Quantity Photo
No.
1

Three phase
1 159-
induction
004
motor

Adjustable Three Phase 1 192-

001

2
 DEP21033
Electrical Machine

Thermal overload
relay contactor
1 159-
010

Simulate switch 1 159-

board 012

Three phase
contactor 1 159-
014

Safety Connecting
1 set 237
Lead (4mm)
001

3
 DEP21033
Electrical Machine

PROCEDURE

1. Connect the circuit as shown in Figure 3.1.

2. Switch ON the MCB three-phase incoming power supply.

(Note: Check the Modules and the connections before switching on the MCB)

3. Press button SB2.

4. Observe what is the effect on the motor.

5. Release button SB2.

6. Observe what is the effect on the motor.

7. Press button SB1.

8. Observe what is the effect on the motor.

9. Switch OFF the MCB three-phase incoming power supply.

10. Record the observations in the space provided below:

WIRING DIAGRAM

Figure 3.1: Connection Of Self-Lock Control

4
 DEP21033
Electrical Machine

INSTITUT KEMAHIRAN MARA

SEBERANG PERAI UTARA

DIPLOMA TEKNOLOGI KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRIK

(PENJAGA JENTERA A1)

DEP 21033
(ELECTRICAL MACHINE)

EXPERIMENT 3:
SELF-LOCK CONTROL EXPERIMENT PROCEDURE
OBSERVATION

Group members 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Lecturer :
Date :

5
 DEP21033
Electrical Machine

OBSERVATION:

Table 3-1 Observation Result of the Motor

Situation Effect of the Motor

Press the button SB2

Release the button SB2

Press the button SB1