Bio gr10

Multiple Choice

Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____16. In angiosperms, the ovary surrounds seeds in a structure called

a. an embryo.
b. a seed.
c. a fruit.
d. a vegetable.

____17. Which of the following correctly lists the terms in order from smallest to largest?
a. seed, embryo, fruit
b. fruit, embryo, seed
c. embryo, seed, fruit
d. embryo, fruit, seed

Figure 24–2

____18. In Figure 24–2, which fruit or fruits would you expect to be dispersed by animals?
a. only A
b. only B
c. both A and B
d. neither A nor B

____19. A seed that is dispersed to an area far away from the parent plant will always face less
a. competition for space.
b. chance of self-pollination.
c. favorable conditions for germination.
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 d. competition with the parent plants.

____20. Seeds that are spread by wind and water usually are
a. lightweight.
b. large.
c. nutritious.
d. sweet and fleshy.

____21. Seeds that are spread by animals usually are contained in

a. fleshy, nutritious fruits.
b. unripened ovaries.
c. thin coatings that are easily digested.
d. lightweight structures.

____22. A period during which the embryo of a seed is alive but not growing is
a. dispersal.
b. fertilization.
c. germination.
d. dormancy.

____23. A period of dormancy can allow seeds to germinate

a. under cold conditions.
b. under ideal conditions.
c. in extreme temperatures.
d. without water.

____24. The plant embryo in a seed begins to grow again during

a. fertilization.
b. dormancy.
c. germination.
d. pollination.

____25. A plant’s cotyledons

a. store nutrients and transfers them to the embryo during germination.
b. are the fleshy part of the fruit that contain the seeds and endosperm.

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 c. help the seeds to be dispersed by animals or by the wind.
d. play a role in regulating the length of the plant’s period of dormancy.

____26. Which of the following is NOT a function of auxins?

a. promoting apical dominance
b. promoting cell elongation in stems
c. promoting the growth of lateral buds
d. promoting the growth of new roots

____27. Hormones that stimulate cell elongation and are produced in the rapidly growing
region near the tip of the plant’s root or stem are called
a. auxins.
b. ethylenes.
c. cytokinins.
d. gibberellins.

____28. Which hormone produces increases in size, especially in stems and fruits?
a. Auxin
b. Cytokinin
c. Gibberellin
d. Ethylene

____29. What is the source of ethylene gas in a plant?

a. leaf buds
b. root hairs
c. fruit tissues
d. lateral meristems

____30. If the apical meristem of a mature plant is removed, the plant will most likely
a. lose its ability to develop new roots.
b. show a dramatic and rapid increase in height.
c. develop apical dominance and begin to flower.
d. lose apical dominance and grow lateral branches.

____31. The responses of plants to environmental stimuli such as light and gravity are called
a. tropisms.

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 b. auxins.
c. dormancy.
d. cytokinins.

Figure 24–3

____32. What is the phenomenon that is affecting the growth of the bean shoot in Figure 24–3?
a. gravitropism
b. phototropism
c. thigmotropism
d. rapid movement

____33. When a horizontally positioned plant responds to gravity,

a. auxins in the lower sides of stems cause cell elongation that bends the
stem upright.
b. the shoot bends to grow downward, toward the force of gravity
c. all parts of the plant bend upward, away from the force of gravity.
d. auxins in the shoot cause the growth of tendrils to pull the shoot
upwards.

____34. The growth of ivy tendrils that wrap around objects is an example of
a. gravitropism.
b. phototropism.
c. thigmotropism.
d. photoperiodism.

____35. The growth of plant seedlings is usually

a. phototropic and gravitropic.
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 b. thigmotropic and gravitropic.
c. phototropic and influenced by ethylene.
d. gravitropic and influenced by ethylene.

____36. The closing of the leaves of a Venus’ flytrap is called a

a. stimulus.
b. tropism.
c. rapid response.
d. hormonal response.

____37. What pigment regulates the changes in activity that prepare plants for winter?
a. anthocyanin
b. Chlorophyll
c. Ethylene
d. phytochrome

____38. What hormones influence the shedding of leaves?

a. auxin and ethylene
b. anthocyanin and phytochrome
c. gibberellin and auxin
d. phytochrome and gibberellin

____39. The brilliant colors of leaves in the fall are the result of
a. new synthesis of orange and yellow pigments in leaves.
b. the movement of chlorophyll from the stems to the leaves.
c. the production of anthocyanin and the breakdown of chlorophyll.
d. the decrease of auxins in the meristems and the increase of
phytochrome in the leaves.

____40. A commercial flower grower could induce winter flowering of a long-day plant by
a. fertilizing the plant with nitrogen.
b. treating the plant with gibberellin.
c. covering the plant with an opaque cloth in the late afternoon.
d. exposing the plant to a brief period of light in the middle of the night.

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____41. When a plant responds to changes in the relative lengths of light and darkness, the
plant is responding to
a. gravity.
b. touch.
c. pigments.
d. photoperiod.

Modified True/False

_F_6.Seeds that are dispersed by animals are typically contained in lightweight fruits w.

__T__7. Some seeds go through a period of dormancy, during which they are alive but do not
grow.

__F__8.Ethylene inhibits cell division and halts growth. Abscisic acid

__F_ 9. Cells on the shaded side of a stem elongate more than cells on the side receiving light
because of the hormone ethylene. Auxin

__F__10.The tropism that allows seedlings to find their way out of the soil and into the sunlight
is photoperiodism. Gravitropism

__F__11.The-growing tip of a climbing vine exhibits phototropism when it coils around a stake.
Thigmotropism

_F___12. The orange and yellow colors of fall leaves are a result of the reduction of
chlorophyll in the leaf, revealing phytochrome pigments. Carotenoid

__F__ 13. Long-day plants flower when nights are long. Short-day

__F__ 14. A grain cultivated as a food crop likely would have seeds with a large proportion of
seed coat. endosperm

__T__15.People often use plants for building materials and medicines.

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 Completion
Complete each statement.

5. Angiosperm seeds are surrounded by a mature ovary called a. fruit

6. The seeds of fruits that are eaten by animals have tough seed coat .
7.Many lightweight seeds are dispersed by wind or water

8. A seed that is dispersed far away from the parent plant may be more successful because it
faces no competition from the parent plant.

9. Extreme environmental conditions such as heat and cold may affect the timing of a mature
seed’s germination.

10. Fruit ripening can be stimulated by ethylene

11. The production of _cytokinins in root tips balances out the effects of auxins, which are
produced in shoot tips.

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 Figure 24–3

12. In Figure 24–3, the response of the bean seedling’s roots is due to gravitropism

13. A plant pigment called _phytochrome is responsible for plant responses to

increasing or decreasing day length as the seasons change.
14. The major crop plants in the world today are wheat, rice, soybeans, and corn.