Experiment 4: Chemical Formula of a Hydrate

Name: ID number:Section: Group:

Objectives
 To determine the number of moles of water in an unknown hydrate.
 To determine the formula of the hydrated salt.

Introduction
Available in the presentation file.

Equipment
1-curcible tong
2-Evapirating dish
3-copper sulfate pen tahydrate
4-wire gauze
5-clay triangle
7-bunsen burner
8-Tripod burner stand

Procedure
Available in the presentation file

Data & Calculation

1
 m1 = mass of evaporating dish (g)  35.78

m2 = mass of evaporating dish + hydrated salt before heating(g)  36.26

m3 = mass of evaporating dish + anhydrous salt after heating (g)  35.82

Moles of anhydrous salt*  Before heating the solution
 0.003
Moles of water * was 0.024
turquoise
Formula of hydrated salt *  CuSO4 ۰ 8 H2O
Observations
Percent of water in hydrated compound * after47.43%
heating turned to
white powder

CuSO4
Formula mass (given by instructor) 
(159.61 g/mol)
mass of hydrated salt (g) = m2 – m1*  0.48

mass of anhydrous salt (g) = m3 – m1*  0.04

mass of water driven off from the compound (g)
0.44
= m2 – m3 *
*show calculation

mass of hydrated salt (g) =( 36.26 ) – ( 35.78 )

mass of anhydrous salt (g) =( 35.82 ) – ( 35.78 )

mass of water driven off from the compound (g) =( 36.26 ) – ( 35.82 ) =0.44

(1 mol of CuSO 4 )
Moles of anhydrous salt = (  0.04) × = 0.003
(159.61)

( 1mol of water )
Moles of water of hydration= ( 0.44 ) × =0.024
( 18 )

( 0.003 ) ( 0.024 )
Formula of hydrated salt =CuSO4 : H2O → CuSO4 ۰( 8 )H2O
( 0.003 ) ( 0.003 )

( 18 x 8 )
Percent of water in hydrated compound = ×100 % =47.43%
( 159.61+ 8 x 18 )

Questions:

2
Q2
Mw of KAl(SO4)2=1x39.10+1x26.981+2x32.065+8x16=258.211g/mol
( 18 x 12 )
Percent of water in hydrated compound = ( 258.211+12 x 18 ) ×100 % =45.55%

Q1

m2=mass of hydrated +m1

m3= mass of unhydrated +m1
mass of water = m2-m3=2.691+m1-2.259-m1=2.691-2.259=0.432g
(1 mol of anhydrated solt )
Moles of anhydrous salt = (  2.259) × (282) = 0.008
( 1mol of water )
Moles of water of hydration= ( 0.432 ) × ( 18 )
=0.024
( 0.008 ) ( 0.024 )
Formula of hydrated salt =salt ( 0.008 )
: H2O ( 0.008 ) → salt ۰( 3 )H2O
( 18 x 3 )
Percent of water in hydrated compound = ( 282+ 3 x 18 ) ×100 % =16.07%