EXPERIMENT NO.

1
DC CIRCUITS

Group No. 3
Subject & Section: ECE Lab 2
Name:. Instructor: Engr.

RATING:
I.THEORY
Direct Current (DC) is the constant flow of Electric Charge from
high to low Potential. In the history of electrical science,
conventional Current was defined as a flow of Positive Charge.

A Direct Current circuit is a circuit that Electric Current flows

through in one direction. DC is commonly found in many low-
voltage applications, especially where these are powered by
Battery. Most electronic circuits require a DC power supply.

A Direct Electric Current flows only when the Electric Circuit is

closed, but it stops completely when the circuit is open.

A Switch is a device for making or breaking an Electric Circuit.

While the Switch is closed, Figure 1(a), the circuit is closed and
the Light Bulb turns on; while the Switch is opened, Figure 1(b),
the circuit is open and the Light Bulb turns off.

-All materials are made up from atoms, and all atoms consist of
protons, neutrons and electrons. Protons, have a positive
electrical charge. Neutrons have no electrical charge while
Electrons, have a negative electrical charge. Atoms are bound
together by powerful forces of attraction existing between the
atoms nucleus and the electrons in its outer shell.
When these protons, neutrons and electrons are together within
the atom they are happy and stable. But if we separate them
from each other they want to reform and start to exert a potential
of attraction called a potential difference.

II. GENERAL OBJECTIVE

 - To follow the basic procedure in solution manual in making
the experiment “Ohm’s Law”
- To calculate the voltages and currents in series and parallel
DC circuits using National Instrument ELVIS II

III. LIST OF FIGURE AND MATERIALS

1 Computer Monitor
1 set of NI lab view electronics module (hardware)
1 set of NI lab view electronics module (software)
1 pc laboratory guide manual
1 set of connecting wires

IV. LABORATORY PROCEDURE AND DATA RESULTS

*Running the software and getting started
1.start →program→electronics engineering board.
2.the user shall register in the system and sign in to get access to the labs.
*Preparation
1.make sure that the NI ELVIS II workstation is turned on.
2.make sure the prototype board power switch on the NI ELVIS II is in the O(OFF)
position.
3.Double click on the ohm’s law line in the main menu.click next on the instument
panel.
4.assemble the circuit on the board according to the schematic diagram.use the
resistance value on the board according to the assigned version.
5.enter the same value of the resistance into the value field R(ohm) in the work
area of the lab front panel.
*step by step instructions
1.Turn on the prototype board power switch on the NI ELVIS II.
The power leds on the board and on the NI ELVIS II prototyping board will turn on.
2.To start the lab,click the start/stop button on the control panel ,then check the
offset checkbox.
3.Start by setting the initial value of the VPST voltage equal to IV and click save.
4.Gradually increase the voltage and store meter reading by clicking save after
each step (from IV to 10V,in IV steps).
5.When finished ,set the VPS +volatage to zero.
6.Set the resistance value on the board according to the lab version assigned by the
instructor.
7.Enter the same value of the resistance into the value field R in the work area of
the lab Front panel and click new graph.
8.Repeat the points 3-7 above for all assigned resistance values.
9.When finished,click the MS Excel button to open the data file,and save it.
10.Click stop.
11.Based on the obtained experimental data calculate the resistance for each
measurement step,determine the measurement error and mean value of resistance
for each assignment version.

Measured Calculated value

value

V1 A1 R Measuremen Mean
t error value of R
[V] [mA] [ohm] [%] [ohm]

1 .97 9.78 0.1 0.1 0.1

2 1.94 19.53 0.1 0.1 0.1

3 2.93 29.50 0.1 0.1 0.1

4 3.93 39.50 0.1 0.1 0.1

5 4.9 49.31 0.1 0.1 0.1

6 5.89 59.25 0.1 0.1 0.1

7 6.87 64.11 0.1 0.1 0.1

8 7.84 78.88 0.1 0.1 0.1

9 8.82 88.77 0.1 0.1 0.1

10 98.64 98.64 0.1 0.1 0.1

V.Observation and Discussion

- A device that supplies electrical energy to one or more

electric loads is called the power supply. In this experiment,
a regulated power supply was used. It controls the output
voltage or current to a specified values.
- In addition, the controller value will be held constant despite
variations in load current or voltage supplied from power
supply’s energy source.
- An Alternating Current (AC) powered supply will use a
transformer to convert the voltage from wall outlets to lower
voltages used in the circuits.
- If it is used to produce a Direct Current supply, a rectifier is
used to convert the alternating voltage to pulsating direct
voltage.
- The controller value will be held constant despite variations
in load current or voltage supplied from power supply’s
energy source.
- An Alternating Current (AC) powered supply will use a
transformer to convert the voltage from wall outlets to lower
voltages used in the circuits.
- If it is used to produce a Direct Current supply, a rectifier is
used to convert the alternating voltage to pulsating direct
voltage.
 - To provide power for the components of the circuit we will be
employing a 100VDC power supply, which will be a scaled
down version of the ~300 VDC one would obtain by
rectifying 240 VAC household power outlet.

VI . Conclusion and Recommendation

We conclude that NI ELVIS II can perform a very easy way to
fasten our works. In this experiment, we learned that NI ELVIS II
provides an amazing work. If it is connected to a computer, you
can easily input a voltage and NI ELVIS II will receive the data
from the computer and it’ll give the specific value we entered.
NI ELVIS can also determine the current flowing through the
circuit we built in the instrument. It also tells if the voltage is too
high for the resistors.
We were able to determine the current and voltage through
a series and parallel circuitby using Ohm’s Law:The computed
total currents for both series circuit and parallel circuit are 0.04A
and 0.14A. Both values are then compared to the experimental
values found through theuse of an ammeter. The experimental
value of the total currents of both series circuitand parallel circuit
are 0.041 and 0.13 which gives a percentage difference of
2.47%and 7.41% respectively.A probable source of error could be
the negligence in computing the values because
oftheotherfactorsthatwerenotconsidered.e.g. the resistance of the
connecting wires.
In this experiment, we recommend reading the manual to
ensure safety. We also recommend the use of Microsoft Excel in
order to know the data results. NI ELVIS II ‘s application for
computer should also be installed before using.
REFERRENCES:
https://www.google.com.ph/search?
dcr=0&biw=1600&bih=745&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=atYcWqm6HYjI8wWtpbPIBw&q=NI+Elvis+II&oq=NI+
Elvis+II&gs_l=psy-ab.3..0l3j0i24k1l7.7512.9933.0.10582.11.9.0.2.2.0.88.667.9.9.0....0...1c.1.64.psy-
ab..0.11.667...0i67k1.0.dYEB5GH_wC8#imgrc=YlPQyqPrMwojeM:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wire

http://macao.communications.museum/eng/exhibition/secondfloor/MoreInfo/2_3_1_DCCircuit.html