Sie sind auf Seite 1von 52

2018

SAI VIDYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Venkatesha M, SRF, Department of ECE

MICROWAVE & ANTENNAS


(15EC71)
VII SEMESTER ECE
MODULE-4

MODULE 4 SYLLABUS
(a) Point Sources and Arrays: Introduction, Point Sources, Power Patterns, Power
Theorem, Radiation Intensity, Field Patterns, Phase Patterns, Arrays of Two
Isotropic Point Sources, Pattern Multiplication, Linear Arrays of n Isotropic
Point Sources of equal Amplitude and Spacing.
(b) Electric Dipoles:
Introduction, Short Electric Dipole, Fields of a Short Dipole, Radiation
Resistance of a Short Dipole, Radiation Resistances of Lambda/2 Antenna, ,
Thin Linear Antenna (Field Analyses).
BT Levels: L1, L2, L3, L4
IY1 gdrtrr. +
_
-f Wr& Sa*^Lu &
In ztA,^.r;.-r ,r-
^-n
a-4 &ulu'vvrtr
^ZV1-fr^ ff*y+
l+'t I P* e",yt p
,c

f_o:rL '+ eLtle^ r*r3"


.f
o l* #rt,y ,+
+1lt&tutq,- a'ulaa.,raa.

lt-w"^ lr* fi-u [ && Luna Ry gr: c tod,t ol k^ 8,5


f
ujJJ,jo^,u ,+ t*) ,*l "L

& 'Hg' -f**W


UuJ--r*t,.a ( W"W*t*; !^r.K/ J;f"
*t au-t-Lu,*a i1 C*ur o(u{&t at
" a*
p.e? Ss*t-tl " t,til&/ ut!_ sb**w
I ---
l**, Ju l;rl*
$s.rnrtel :

t^-trt Nuun- )il{-Ltfl uj ?-a/.:iln* pa*lat+a


L T l*f"nrg,-c f-#
S-turuu
^i- )=l
a)
V
&. ilr^*yLt^t

D***
Ss.ri.("

^t
.eeur.,c"
dL ptaI
F*
*f D--,*

l=t'5
n
C
g:"u S^.u,r"-)

m
+ C.eslw- Ali'^-t )= &Cr,r+,)
^l
&fu"sr(r € tL1

L> Lot'o , b*4


\r
v
.z) Ou.on, D=S

1
L> T. to*f y

NJ,JKL /J^-&L ML w t&vafic


t. Lutu#rrtd,,
_r
*
Ar&wyr, SA.,^)r.(" i-t &b *-{
IN,^* i w u,qiun-y-ttr
d oll-""^*
uy\jcl" "gtalf,-ld1u t#r,il- ttaA: rti"* f ,,tru r tg iw

wtbi.L $t*Al rr" 'i - ,t tj,q !t-,/.--L;* l rd,tuffiX


oJ t,*&^twy a tll
-Ltno
U-o-ur{,to
f* 1,8

u-t o, d) - l),u
J
# 01 g:T
0.-+t&*^
ar
"U; J Sn

Vu

*..1iqf

lqr
I Jut y\"rtry U{"d.4 ,1
f:.u.x$ &**4 ei *+
\itiir

l,
IJ
I
g-v\ frtj- futtJ"t* o+ it GuuL a"f
ff*.{,L
a-otd-

LL qr,.L {." Pt, t.L-


LLqXL

Y\&"+ vu^fx Sr= f+ u,t nnl w L


4nrY C*il**,fi y i L$"ttt yi1 6e;t* rL
"r;1

[eto:
{-**ti"" f a*.qls i4l w-- f*te.p1 =^{2x &n =_ f + tr!s,
t*r
1u' ,ii.i^.'i', u. ,-Lr,
t1 L f ? L&L*LD1-1 L Ss.rrua i"[ L(b =D
f-eq'i-t

2
t
flT dill-&?'* ,+ i^*LL+aff e-
faf
,/e Sa.rli,t - ;) t tlllre
,r_r&,,
Ll xr , f,)^u ]l^A: -td^ ? u*uil1
\ ,+ f ,t-e*_u*y;c /L+ultto_
f$uJ_
tL-' 5 tlrna ogo<n f.

L o e Q<atr
I"trr b ---+n .A

*9-a -@
&+ =Jl
," cs,$J &-+

ln----4- , -u'r^ = L
Vwo,r, eyvl
T
0", -{L+-- f et
&.o b=o
JJ
( n: sr'-e .{,'a+

rn tr
= SJ"BJ*
J J td4
o--o
0,'o
-rLq-= [-c'"r]" f d)o"
0-

$o

,%' D= qtf
4r
,D = !- I
:
-+
Th;^ uJ**+-u+ iJ Ce,rfi drru^L !-t-r!*u^^tt- a-1.I"-*,l^n"
/.-*--:-
L r*\?*t-t auLe"**)
r':'
n
14/
#r,,*ir y* ffi,,& Suru, t
:
1l^- ,Pt,aoti,.1"6* t ,,r*ut '.h,
'+ 6-
W* e^i*
LL= ) U-
j,Lo.J.i
p ufl_uuu

o<s<Tl ,
f+t^X
o
J.t
6-orrr{rt - u-sith

L s:Qt
3 &r
wLo, *)

*d:"fr;, po-Alr..4-u

'{-g**
aa--
u}:,fr"
_r__dfz -tl!^u^AplqglL
__L_
e . -1, Ltvv\ tly,l

f tt o[-,*dt. \r\fX & Dr .

i^
-L+ z- lfn
JJfr(o, D Ast
F" =-!L-=g=L
U t(
^a^ yr^

'd, Bl.
e
-A , I
*CA r - nl2

J J Ln: 'ff,tao{+ eo
I
0 --o i -_o

A. &t
rqil -l f lL

St"sLs t
\ 0=o
I J idd
il.0
\I"'
\i
.i
i C'l L*"j

,', T J*- di:-"ewq ,+ ,^fr esurr,r* useh lu_**yl^*u_


f+f
"[Leff.fu* y utl*vn 4
L8 & t:w.t *qd-L *{i, ie*tr *
UuLt*.llc-, i

4
a S"*rt"- u-r:.fr, J""il -r\ut fqrr^ ( s;,* lqpnts
** S,s,r,{g)
f^e'f

h* Uod^dL6* ',
a f *Lo*, ) o+', S.i^L
& A"-* t/r.^f-
P'oq*t s" t"t' "iJ ,

tL -- ( uil S.f^'o
; 0ses-T
I ot+ 3bz.r
J*a
LL = U*nSt'oLo

''ol
-<1, ,
- U yur-

cT";

*{1,v.
lJ f^Lo, l) &t>
f ' u- = Ur*rlff".o_
^ u.* L - sJnL p.
Qvu

fl" -
Sf^Lo.
1T o?n
rr- | {.
o"o -!L4=
J J (er" 'e) &f^e A" &q
o

&.0 b-o
7
=r s'rn3e d'
Jt-
r
)t a'do
*--o
)
l="
*tL*- (ul") Qd
C+s D

: +la x Cp u)

5
Oo
o
D -- +'t
la 3
,- g
,l-

{o l'{

,'o Di"r&.cty u:"frX ,+ C"


&,r"xe - d.rlr^.Xt- ,8 t
oYau"J" - tiltL
0

f"e-',,,I
A+r.t*Lu- J-L l,{ #,.tu: il^qf iA'd"wa:c, @art-"c-
\ I

)v P,*{'^*' u,nrt^ U,tr; dirure&aol


\---#
(*t'rtw Dah-N^u

Tw y,aai-ffi" I v&-u,*rl t1 ,+ tr-uj&r-{d| v^og- (_e&i,,u_


j4,oAirhJ"* ,IL** f, u"3
f 1u' Pelr41 A -u

a- ( u&n c"t{s' ) u*:leo,a,ortsk4[.


Eiil
@
n .+
L I &f
L

f r't' r) C >''r7
(: Co4'B
iill

I. brAs[n>lJ Lo,ufn+r:J
o--4>
4, =,
"#"t 6* p ol1-t-u.t^ al r --__
urrttfi-\!4j-iu^q!-
Ld

-u ), *[r.t+,_)
t >l

DirrLLt? $fire D. U"r


JL4 1:

JL*- lr
JJ f^ **
*-
C p, 0J &st-
LL
f" - ^Ld^ g Let^e
U ,* ora^- Uwt
6
^ 1fl Jfi-
*{L * - I lL -J r
(c*'to-l
J
0--o I
Sfa-e J-s J, E
y -"o

l,C,xrp.S,f,"sole
f
P TI.
,n
=
J *+
& --o
4=o

w t#r:
y"* @e-- L
- $.f ,a.e oLp
= dr
oll- -' - dn S.iutp

&-*s, )L=t
u--n ]L=
lr, o

-J r
o

?Ln[-a*; t
ottr

-f.', d0
l=

rLl
^, .n+, , 0
"tT
t .*' I I [+; o

r
=f o- r-j
!t*1 " C on)

_ f C*')
tt*l

-lL.A = uQ T
r't*t

oo D= *ry +'d v (n+,;


,JL* Prr

V\ =l , .D= +
iA.-&, D-- r 7
D
t Ll ,rr b1

I
Ltrr[ol'F tr
)
Lt ,* Lrs*
i 6 b

3 Lt;^G1 :1 6, g

U h,ful J,i,uatro-oy h.l"^ *- A CpS',


t;u:,h,
>>, i; u"LL u*& itt d-uu*aq i,
vt

i
JCuT+O 4-- -H"qt
i,
!
"atl "+
l-we, ]d, w=11
* I

D - pC?q+D

) - &oo

\'r: +.il",^^" yy"" I+lttts


!!!f *r".,u.1 u+ y{*L Ss+lrus r'
\,II
?,i
Ut* W!il' r^ i;LL "ttqr-uiruJ d}"**t *
d.^^ llr, ta*leu ,.t- uutLbr*tu vw*-f ;
'*
4 rw*7 , A-u**+tnt qj1g
t Cl"j^,#"& f ,4"1,o L \y,
o.) Bu""d - grL *Y
b> 6wX - _f^w AN,ol

L> B*ott* SLDe AR**yt l*

*r 1;
a? J-
6

*qr' 4*+
Axia ,*l i(ou \
,+ r00
**? L
(-n*S
u
I
Di"auu{pra o r BfJ;*"*te4,.oL
8
!LLr(.
_ .) _c
h-qt**& /jet- g4^At_tir^
....-................-

+ 5w h,rtt&4 - LtJn **"t t


.'
!4aA-Lrfrn* i,&. flYo^&^ c''-La

* flrnutl
*il^t , lo-s.L.vo.J-- /,?k C*^ b-L

" {i'ftt? i'Y -WW l.r^^* *

b>

'!

,4 ffi-
*b
-.rsi)refl)Lq,+
D?rud-rs* u++*1'(d)
o"^ oo
Diltr,ctP
Lu")
*Lu*ituann tf Tw^a:rilrl^
Pk-.u"fr+l" I - 'ttadwnvu
[c j-)

o
0
l(o'
[-,to";

6i J.ta, ttPg i,r,tr ur,icL .{;ro


^....i-..,
"t
tora-i oitiu^ p,rtlr.in .

-r

J*: +r,#: il^L* #J,* :l ^ywu*"t

yj tyun W(6=r,tei)
9
r*q'&
furffJj& u).et Ukttu^fJ h" *2
p

rMiq, ittr^L- o,r^-d- t|atu- otL


t 3

aL-tni^ t,nX twt to.,t, -f".1 tt*"r- pJ-r,tluj.c


Seuurrtt
rytW u,e:fr^ fu$4!,\tt
* rlrl_
'j^^u: *l
l.
q/lrdl' *1"i-tu,al& e^& A uw- 4^L at& olt^.tn
fr*
Ly a:+<^,n 1**
??> DIWII, s-ut ,+ vt^d^:L!tao-
' I

?r! Sff,
v) SX*u y.r.lt,l;D^
f - W l_L.qd.Ls,Xt-gtL
ffu
pai**+u
$* d.fu+a,w-
f*tri e^*", ,aa ,, t, J"_1
EJ
DCI.d v*Itirr. "o
r
L-
CD"ff

& &^ltou*
dr-q U
fs'*r' Ss-u!"tsl AL a-u& 4, /trf "1ur1""L
"d-"*'
a'A a,lLuln,^ fn -{:7u*t
t
Er
T
a?
-fae"uqdi

ffir /'4r.,,

'1,
i^
#'vl.#Zw* I ? ^L S$-r..r{t tGfr^
eni.

f
*t &i"i{'rrt *tr 'rt r X

* J-rt El ILL -lLt ttt_ ut.qic -f-'.Qr Lto&i rl-lr&


I

pq^1 S,s.""t.t * 1
&* €e L fi^, il,"&tuo {*^i-& J-4, e&c{ }n*,^
S-o{"u,t"o- + L
Ps.rtf
^"L L frH-
tu* d-bl,wr^-tv
10 k-rir,.qr-, o N^k s.*Ju4r
+ ),Lctt. 0\ pp.fl^ Ai u&at, lj,no J tm.u p+i r.ut rt.u1. ;.
l
^!
,fs V-r"tLBl €n sl ill*ur^ ? n la
t7 1

+ f,lt ""u-n
t *-W 6[-u"to-.uctt- Ltr".'.-, r.
frtrct
A, Crut4
{"r $&e "f ",

t. e Arl = y M

+ TL!" *]^!, &ir -teurc hatu-o-r-o-^


Fsld es{.r}u" +i t*ur"sU
o"
pr{r,ct"
I
Iut
lu l:N r,{
o

4s I *,uX +^fl
4,x + Az?

o
ou a L"- dfr"
d:11 uro nr- LuLwu^
f dk*a,r,t* (s4-tALr q
7, e.{^& e" '
i}
4t N' Arf
I oLfr4 "l-j#.!*"r. : Ac x

fe d:y
_fi^& f &frr, Dt:;,ltc-t- g

G^,^il,[,A y:, WXw W* fu;,,,y ltxAy


w,x
/,6- \. -
4, *L

CEt h = i{SaI_
\Y;'^*t"
C"eL + =

A, '*>

11
Pru rtr?rL (VS :

A l.-n11
lt
UJ tel t .o.^ ,rj-!r*-jiu f"o.t e, u^& e
i-L

g
J*{r*"1
O-u,.&
fg_
cL{ fu^-
d"1q l)1!,1/LU-
p-"d,*rt +
^i5n.,[d-* ws
W .^* , v z p,x gan &^yw,^u

" no"
+&-t L fh,-
"r"?uifrl}a '4q sA ruL{"{- 6L{
-i>
l=
iL

TB.t*t plui-ta, !: rl-* , (€r:


t-e &E esa//?&, *jtt Co*tq trt{
l-trty.k oP
q
1 u'- fa?ae S""rlrq
.-->
$"t{ou,,.ce e i aJ /\)Lgus,l" ?a
!u,
a-t^d-
E" tVlt
ee
$r,,
ry
(s.rl-L$
,)* ol -
op
r
A$ja-t eo+tu,t
i I I
.

I
t,
EI
O --eo/vlt
fu vtY-e ig:y-+ C c--& ee bf^,
.
.0-u{rru-cl- bvd4t dt
\-,+ N&
o
D2 S&"ur&(

{*.n* a-t f,l,-* ",f,,


ooo 7 ct.& q,(.-LLtr-dc -v_
? u,
J_S S*_,
dr^j- [p - -
S+uxfi: .At a^^A AL i,
Peq,&

E1

Er = EoLu'- + €o;l
r (urG .
I
LE{b{ j.[:"u
L g-J'= (uL *,i.(^.^o

12
C
-7 €., (nig'lt r j vl'
L- n-
I
,.- ;
t
r, [cx vl, + I t
7/,|1, + ts{ vl, -l */vl,:,
I
@

l€rl wto",L
" & Eo

o
00

^T*ou,!.c,{,1p"{---+
g!-u-Lg^j,.
fu.t i.t
Ern e'l
' -- c* vl'
E-/**-
i>
j't tl fru- lk"tdb I
#*a b
o
t-/.-,1 tl-afisf c
{*.t wA,43,u)!r^4 1r,^r
T ,"rlr-
I.t tl e"^"Le U d
4,p o"LA Ot
r'L P
ll k*lrurel..l&
i-t A.F z e; X*q
{
vT i^o-c_

p2 Ec C€{ \,1,

@*ur.*- Y= P {r* f
ae l:"* frr* d.ir4iLtw
w,s4juaa, vulr,rt,aq
, *7l t I

13
n,-:<
G-u,t**,$-
{tu" Ia,tu ."
p t L -'l-[ F CL .l *Lte,t
tlru 1
, $7 ) A-'- &aa^u ol* O
t1
bt'
f,,.,qf 6,o.11,urr

,r ?f
u-. J"La-t m=
i &l
rI
*-____J
0
Q3
V = trd*+ .
#*c-eL+
V, ntu +

+L rttani-u*a- A-b^$l-x$*t,
L*, J I a* 0= b"*
cel vlr, t r
q,
Vl ,' (4'(-'(t,;
Lr
Vlr= J vtrr
q
!1;
r""{@
9'1,
,lL' - c

t
t..
=c :
:

'11 [p{ +, = Lr"(rr.


o

("" f tato* '" t


I
-'
f*on [ss I o)
t.'..- , -4f r*
L =o
t".*
f
^o*' t fly

14
tffY )?rtl.tif&d oJ ,,iiuJu, a2
t-

++ wj uiw o. uJ-lt ...ttsuur ,

*o 0,J
eg t*r, f'
cd vfr = o
I Vl, = a-' (u) = t [c ,l.+,)'l.lz
id=o
W
tV' tr
\1.e1 fU^, f a

ce& f*-t^ =- t I

0 *^ = cs(- '(r,)
f*,e^= f-pt-' Ir) d br,tn- CnJ -'(- ,)

4 *t," . o'
iu^.-& rsd
?u! illp, I
*t ftr t #*+ pi"=;
€^= t,la ot += f u,
C* Vlr, t ,la
Yl,. L€d-'(t'lrr) : .r
(o ) -rlo
".+

Fd ut =o

Vl, , t Tl+
d,
T c€/ tn, = t 'nl,
C{$ { o,
,a

o'n I '1, )
-'
d+, Le< 15
A,' J-u Yt',rz)
v> &"^ftu!_ eaJ-i,e{6*-
* :t- A 1o
e

o'd '{i
d #, tsd
I e ei ,
i^l *q3

\ l*ti,.
* J 9u^J^=r
\i,
*
lg'j V l,w,t "q
--?.&,.
.ll
,/ i\., '

!t, I ffr=n
It
ii

l,r I
I
\
1
,
c *
1,
't

? zjo
.
r

L
y lkrr (

.,| -+-
('u1''-ro'
f ry " ',r,"
\/

TV,
r::d
s Be.*"l- f! &t .9t
t'o * -
" O-oLr o-Lts,t p at*uu It

16
+'3_L aws
t+ tAl+^!-
ft ;N D _ FLRE *re *y7
L
*L-

e> EPtwtts^ 44 l.uiqrl il*rLr*f .


I

Cs.tl &ts, L ^i'd S,u*-&({/, 4g a.^,il- *L q**i;_


,+
Psf ) oL

of.rl tqrl"- .

1 lu- Ltrputpui.l ,l-r$-fr& tb trrf


,i-t ,AetLt-qnl t arl& *l
I
.,

cI
-t /a*t *,.? uffu-JL b-rLL )r^^f a pJLdk- d.
\ I
qy

offd.tu TJi..o{tu.
t*;.
L-l z * €u kV e ehtLNc
l:r-t* $k$eW {u"*
'*f S.o.1rr&_
PB:A*
-?
E"v
= * €o Nlz += Ele&ulc S** h*dj,k+
{*^ /
PAf'd- es.r.uw
'*; t
Te p#*! I
f
,

Ll ff"i,,fiu* :

= I
J
-' i

L,
{- r.*
-+"q r
_!:4;.' :.
eorruu ,LuwLi-t& ui*h
It Cu,..qr uJ-l

't_y

! Q.{*-r,^u 0.t ep-,,$-ar-a

'+ f - po? r.tr Ss..'rtu'

J.
t5g3 Y1q dt"r,^*^ ,+ _fe4 !r:*
, !+rj uw*r,
17 u Uleq
V .E. W ,^* -f&* O
yX,{r-uta E +*rr
t
L ,[,
f,rf "IcU6*
Cc+l.tott

lf*^^ fus -fl^u tt*l- q-LLtt^tc, i.,


_-> ?->-->
ftU
o1 = Et +-ee
= - eo L-Vb + vo I Vlz. <- #* 1**
s, ,6vlt
1=e'fivl'
VO
LL u- 3
vlrl

l,J"K T
-@
aio +"-ju:tt(*30
g'i'- ,--i' - azd sf.,-e
I vl, -j rvlz
fl:t
\,,
,,, er- , Lu '- = 0f ^{-rrt
q1,
*-:>
tll o ', €.r o, Cei tln ! lu)
!1, trr Pj t, Sr" V/z
f** t^*4t"**
t.

l*l =
}r

lii L

..)
t
,/4,
try

o
0.o
$ur
/.Le\-w,"1-l3r;; u!!* t J"*a tu
A.F z r."=JZr)_

L*l_on
A.F -- E^=, Sl^ 9'1,
u,r1^1'1L
tI e:t tllytlrtL
I
" & Ec

D--lis r,tl,.r,r- fr^A, dlvui,*^t


18
,+ 1> wouS,uu pi> r'4f v1wa-
?ii> $ppo bK-irc , ,l,ltan'- ht.^ J onf.,rf lat,ooroo ,l \, l- 0,,) ttbn
44L aJr, /*.tk$ hanJati*

Nr fi.u l.ld-ir,r,rc.Li 3lJ ,bt*t ,tr"dyj,


r *n l* r f^:,,&
f
9*or.., A&yf.Ur& u!.fctn U)-).'d" o

b^rL' Bff'l,"tu fx y& [*L {:w:.,tr, yet"r-


e^ = $j* .Vlz
t"tLrar-" y= F&*+
.[t it u* ik^t
?f oL =
+ uw& l^lr f rR .-* \-
ty = pdcu + : ,9t
,,\
x-L Cui+
,1

&

y' rcs'l +
-@
?.> ? lrutt f G r,u-r r)
A
t,lyt Q-,ri.r U,t6 o
d

.*t w*ufru^ d,burfi&,*t ,

E^, Jr a-t += h**o


Si* Vl, = * t =) Vl, =.olf a-, (t r)
Vl, ' J (-a^+,)alt-

f^* r=o ) ty=-nc*$


_TC"4 + F J r
&- bz

CELb= tt
lwo^

aO
**n* = c,ed-'C*,1

4*.* - Ca-'(t) Bq C,sr-'{-,;

{*on = 0' * J rri

19
) s:*trts-{^4 oL
?
,
vi uJ"wa e"

---_
++ vuj *f r,,,t a dnu,.Ler^a

€r.=O et + ' {u^


Yl, , s^-'I oJ
)
Yl, = rfanrJ
1IC,o( + . + WT
-T
C.ed+= ! &frvt

pL* !t =c
L4b,I u'i ur
to
4:
l'trt t1
[Bd-' (t o)

,!,'l
\, dp
I ttut^ (.o{-'( t ,;
I

lr
f ,r.. 1 f* *+ ')'4y
hrr
\r
fe w=o
,t . .L .--l
El rt',lljtu-: I Ar.
lL
,

trty ll-f p, :
++--' &"]-+ pwfit Ffl
,^fu

Lt" - + tl
lv
-2- ) + 't-rr
fe
DL^ Vly - t:=
tlz
Y*lr,5r^-,It1)
Vlr-- t La "+) \+
P-&. vt -o
9lr" !al+
T Ld 0*- t -7r

---E- +
dLs\ *-; lY 20
Ie! d= 'l' I
tuP
{

{irf, ter'(J;) .=) 0u, . *"'t*)


{ Hr

4Le, p
I
afrlew ;
* aIa
+ r,ttrut = !no
+, lrf te;, trg,i

{ut=ei

\o*
iEo' {"& r+
{*** ryr)
'$**--0" Ol rtlg't;*

J -"* + r(q4( '

hd.eJ"tts*

. f-, ' '1,2'i

tM E nJ- - "l^
L--
I
u, (L4LL0L?
[ L**au NriL p dLoaL^J

21
1
lr, 4 ?, .*Wr
^*
n+ n-
Fr*"i
-'
eLtu" t!," !^ytt!t p
lt- o-oqd 9o"mu [- Wiltalt
I {

&*s"t, L--*", *n: +>, ,4* . ltu1-Ltuh/-


\,
v A a.^t& atlth:.fri^4l f r,, lrluru_ol, I
"$r.^t ^ja^,
Arvi-s

t/1A )J,UA A!']*+au il


+ ____li_ .

P.,4.er""t,
A, 'Ay 4s *a *q Arn-, 4-
Axi.r

ffiT) ?
=t'n-r)H :$

I /tA fu^to-.t
r--
oflL$ ,t- okufi,t
rii

tNxt lurur^W lj aml e"9-$-t/d-!


d'
,+ ,n- ok-^*"fu , fr^r-

*A.*Y IA

lrt , ?L ir ?i*^ 4

f = AdJ;Lrt^^"]- il^4tu- AltiJl


4('+ f -- o' p eh^ru
d -- Ls; -- .r hur # t,.,.| - l;w
/r"t &[r_{" a-h;!uc +eJ^
ja
94,*A;
"-)
FU".t65g
p/i,ut- f ?r,t 1* ],,tt
{t*,^
Peqnt
A&^rr,njj *t, Av,4,
22 t - +h fc.rfr;Jlru-/7
0a
0
T#d"l- oi61-f,-uic *a"l-
I
3r
-->
L1 '* Et * Ec * E" + - - - . * E'^

a *^e
r.0
/>At'J"Lre- L d-L k4 uunu
Lr = /q" t-
Eo Pfiaw*u-
.-, t
trJ -- Eo N-
--+
€s = Eo bv
-+ -*
Ea Eo l3tY
i

E^ = E' &t-Djl-
22
ev' ts L*
A
1."..

I
5-*....L t {
.Lt{ 1.-1c ,t Ct
I
,\
*o -f st"{- nfu^t"rUc
o k ,t* 6
E1 =F-t #Eu *es + -- !g->

+ dhlt(&((trc.
e?

e1 '-trlc .* LoL9-'+ eoleV +

{4*"
A = eo + e"jY*r,*i'v- 'i f e t"i[
a -r) Y'
G
l-krlt, fL,l ilurLs Lr hy t iq
71.t1
' ,l i ,r,
E'r iJ*, fotJYi .rrj"*,u tir,i,..l -.+ Eo .i("-'*, no J"k)
S-r-.-t{.ri,.rt € rrur 6r. G
*{",
(tJo- [1 = Lrti-t+'- [c
€, [*f v-,; j tr, (L[. w-,
->t
E-t = e , (rinv,-)
(riw-23r)
: €o ul"vl, ( ,t" vl*_ o- i "vtr) --@
v)z
( ,irt, _ vlz;
"i "_i
.rpo - f
Nkf e-u iJ '
e
-- afSfxe
*1,
i,

, ; u[" i" vl, ,_ ef


s,^ ( W;
"-
ivly
(,-
- jvYlz
L = Pjsr"LVlr) --@
j- vl' j (, vJz * t,lz)
, : ( jt ^ ,) \,lz _

-;xrl; =(-

--+ d j er,{^ tp}z)


I j(^-,)tPlz
er - €o
ca j sr"[ .+ll>) )L
-___> r D-t v, ( v, VJy; vIy
>
fili
E {ti E1 €o I
L &:" { Vl>)
I I "iL"')
*J
,,||
d
oo Tk" ur^flrt-bL&"
'+ ["tot-
*B f,.la ir
ii

ii rr
t4 l :I e,
S"r.
\---*,g
( u VID
r ,{t"
-t

ff^ ( qlrj I /it'1


li, l' e' "9l^ [ v Vlz)
#" r.l'1,

oo * rutop {q" ;r
r'v!)
A.F li'l
- lil-l^on ea SJ"[
|
el^ PI2

€c

6.,9^ Vl,

24
? u*Y-*' s{'\ 0
o

U"lW ,I;u-ry* afu)'llrt4f Z

* E+{&I
o,A:J
fnd"t
,+
tu^&.
'l 4-r.d--qr.uuroJ aLot.7 lii-r-

* tw
fwTuw/ pl^otL _ Ll^;+L Lrtw<,n

+ *ll*w,t *o,,
TH
r" 1f .0*f g!4*.& /,? &_

UrtW jj,,ur."* a,uoj_ .l: w

T*ts[ Alrq"4,' d-fy& ftU* : L^ -- U.st"(uVll


Si" [ .t'/sj
I
Q,al
+- fu-a?effiu o{ b*"lltL o-ut& .{;u. un;+tu" t
M*^1, el{l.tlat+{
\

5L n a
rw &a+"x,
^r"[4
evd- ksLt.
ctlt-9-tdu
_d
t
L frd#.*-'s, pJ""t- 6=a dz * rB ou = - 7t .fta.&
I

i5k '6' d= *&t


ti'. p*c"'+ ry ' f ed 0 *rr-
J pla"* &w1fu rU

'lil;"o,'-f-a=l
it
) Di uu.L? v;t" ,{ 4*** . t 1o, 4o* -- ; a,xd- J re,,.

Frd"dfl"
w,,,uiua f ulo.,tto* { *'f d t*L")

+ }r*,tt &rx.tr gr"(ryJ


= r r
srv(.#) = t r
')o;ro"tt*
wrwJ. rtl.q
K.l,L,3,+,--- k - l, r, z. l,+
) gr.re
ff"(rl#) sl.^("+t =E
2 &"Ls &*J
wJrtu" Y.1,2,11
= o

,-- .-
f r *t,e,", +,--)-
\**
I
25
y,*U"^t
l::-----"
P ',

i}.?r fsq,ur s!.^,.r-r a!,-t- ,+ w* Ll, w


7 at* t;*-
il N*h lrf.e . *"? ,^:fuA- d a-^&
",^ptuL
c{ yLo/L d*yau*a o{ ,1, bLw.u^ aAia:.e,e ,j"^*rt,
sLi.nt" fr& ];rlL r,r#:ttL.!, ar^& 1:^1, itr Eu?tt qal
+}1e m.

Q?*,,,
oL=
-L *
6
{: u- pafr-o.t-uur,
I
lr\ = + Bu F,tl = {
H-feH "- |
f,= 53. Y,"*
l,J ff {ox W V = p&c, 0 + d^

ir.
\. 1

i
W=
L g x\. c+g +J- tpo^d rJ r
I-l _3 [ o'{r. ,t *n, .)
Jtr

ri
'.,a
tr
i;
t,
on' Y =
,, n,
+ [r +c*( 0J
7g Altdtt "fl-q-e6 a-tr-c* p afrLw<a,

xl )i..ttittt,Ufu M(trtituir, ( d^"^) ;

cr-t 4= i*r* ) y..a


nr (.,*re\+*".-,;
i
+ =(
I

t" J-i [e. {,nu,o," = Q

e-,1 {*,oo = - J

(*,.*n, Le-{-'(-r)

b *nn = t tg,"

-U r..i Jir.".t S or,tu-[

26
bI s...,"_ *'.*.-." d

)' d*r,r ; si" f l:Y


T)=I - 0
K - Sr& tot" tui-t,uLf}
9.,
t ry) -0
I

L
u : J Kr
l\=4 ) tY= 4(,+ La
+l 5v

[, I C€l tJ
',;Jvr
K
. J y'n

r+ {( E

'or JZ 1 K'r

fiIF t t 3K

s4*> *q + /i 'r"Ji&
{r lA
-, f -e-
3R'
I
I ( rx 0 * n t te - I 1 ir
T} 3x
L -r
t{

i o'{ t -r,r)
IA ..- l
t2 \
*
Yr' {-s!"/ ex-'J
,\
L F &

rt Lrn
c".L-'f 3 _, \ -'f , \ il

1_ LD2')= CE(
lT)': trc
w'' IJ-,) G{'l [*) +-
'r.-6ur
=
Lwvoijd-
I
g*rn = ! ei
6,.6J [+,)
- tru \{" !
3td
\i
$'q f
$ =-*6,

6o'
{'*un= t lrd
$. - sr,d
{ }.L
+ -bo
.c
,{ *-"?( f=.)
If
Irrl o['
ttrt

Q
"'ti
&.-,i""
27
&=-60'
B td ?N , Btmm urt J.I.h bat ut"e^ $w* N,utu

&rul,rr- 2q;

00 llyew ,ry -BtulN ,.J+J .tz;


(wrlD &2
I*i e,! 0,{A.,, ilr- Jrel"t.itri* ,+ *,^ *r*rt
fery* sal',1, n
--*--
T + ?tvfuItc l'$ututJ *-*" \ d.ri ro,tto ,+
\rw1 a^* Mg ?Y* fu*,rh. etq.dur tt^-
! 'a+r,tt-u
Lil*#";fv t*+

I ^=n
* =Ll
Dl
\, \ rr
i ei^,"
'^
it Ay_ilt L &,:.fh \,.$^d,tL

w ""f l"I
?

.J 1,,
eo[ J-1'Jf&r"o.r-

li
Y"o etL}r. y =
@
r,,
an
I'
lt
lt u,
porce-.(
f+{
tr'{L ; ,+ ,6.t CI1

*+ cE4 d *0,
,9'n

v, ,*tl+
.-
f @
Ts S&1,"r^ i&.J,? s,fu^ p alL-u,n E .

a) lviofoi -tn6t i
g.
J> D'i-ructt'rruf
\-- _'+ H::g et"{ re!" , :j
t
# r/\l,ttu.^i we - JJou&r n* t +, f*.-J
Y =o
-f iui
f*-;. c
-,u- C"d
wr A t 0
28
Tr^^an
h..
Iwtflrt- = Ce^'-' ('.J = t.q i
b> [-r"i. ie'i,er I

l> .*-
Sr,"brt {a-s
? urf ,r.i t1^ a ,, fL
-:===

su. [r# ) :0 f-
l,t tP
.ffn'(o)

l!_E =j- k:r

Itr4 ;v p " f {"


. ,.li \ TLt+ dI rLLlu
. . .i
il+
I
K'n

,r* [r- 4*r,, , j K n


,K
{
,^, 9* r,uin
Le'
'K = + ,if \
|
n/
/,

Y*f,
,k '= (et'' I _+ k \ s
[ T_l
AAr:-\-r- K -- &J" j-ubu urLW-hB .

L4* /t.{- 1*h" j k r, fy" =- LDt'' (t,p) = ! 6; : t tti


=
,

J ^& (Jd- ]"shr- ,u


K*& !,r**=L.d-'[r,i = o', f red.
gt& s.toto Le* l V-q
-
-
l--o )
f-*" = co( -' ( r, , {) + fuv*l.r{ .

t +- *y^J
'".-
\,^r-x
,J> 'Uu.bl.;Cottttl
y' lurl,r,i ur,rs o

l- -----i-:-i-

= Jt
Sio -'l 1 r)

1fur+)+
il._,rj, lp,: 'n Lpi d,
t n
tk
'1 rv^A
'.1

29
3X 'trw dtt* t (ar +t)
"l ,
q
t"-

Jt^4 &N^W
I
k
far+) xt +
DL

Ld t-* -- t_ [.rr + D
4

f*"^ =

AJ^t).!- K- S_g.[- u*ru_bu,

re $&o t-vtw X K '/


--1, b
\_ Yt^ = L*'' (t "lr) =t +t, +o 1 ;
t(tz*. rO
U ^& .Sd{- !*h, ,,
k-- o, +y'* = u''( r z) :) rwa)-tL ,

lxl
\.
!'d'-
'Vo 0**' tli ) Ewo*-*,.L=+.
lq
y" = t6o', tpi
f
!1 I

I
?y^ = d, ttsi
1.,

hr*n = r+1.+',!tzt.rq"

19 L
il
+d
l
f** 'oo" --bo
.o
ot'd
\ X,{ le +;) t"t^
6h
\1\' ., \{'"
h"*'
\R hlFA.l ,6 o"

a ,\ +-u4-
k+ tr
)

f ,*^ (_',ru', Arfu ol


-*4. +' 6 --'d *^) T
If"
V
l-*
\
f'4^,-orfir'
Prul* .J
30 I *o*
Ad
dy , - 4rtro
[ru* tt{L kodid[Li^ p outfurr-.i,l Jo * rn ;cqi cltli hil .,,,i.e
fhaa
,lur-t,(_ Ji-o,u-ft e/ ;^

B,"r Ftt = I.zd- 6; - 6d


Vtt, TTr"-".
u^^1,.

3> A y*+ o+ + ?l*J.;:Itc l'4/.rtt/.U &qh lte


ur.tu o1pudrj- dn
br;} o- il^i+t
fJa&*"rAt
'_ '++wl wL Ao^il._
e:=->
er^flfrrrl"
fr^* + &n t-utryuatt .
t!* fr,L
$,ot- lcuo*
o^rd d.rLLn^"^l, r-- l+g t t,^t uL* Anu*,;* ,+ /,bLUr.
6r*,,
tt\ -- 4
u=*,
oa f-- *dY t/
n-'p.& l-
5

," 1 fu.a- ?uq-vr urw-.tr -*n


0o
a

Pn*
, ^ nY-'
ry V:"{tt* \P
ffu ----:--Z
*u*r, _i^

f
Y= #
^+ u1 f _r
trHt-rr @

V= t [* *- tJ
fv
a.) Mq$ .a-er

L> Dg+,n* of
IF-cr-t^
dpl1- i,tao-u-i
r- '-____ wr,,-
o.
o

*t +"- +*-* ) V=,


r (r,a $*;D -- C

k {**-l : L

ts( + il^oir,r -- I 31
6, trr04 = cd
-,( ,)

Q **^- = Oo

#,>

e>
i
I

I
N> N,&ruy MJ*i? silt g

a*

k= l, t,3, - -..
fSfd4
+ Lo (* f*,-,)J = rrn l.h, wr*,/"U
-I
I
"t'

'tnfc-"r ff^_,J =!yr


*f,y^ -r '!*1,
fuf*^ L=tK
lr e
* d{' ' lj i l' s.
ir,,1*eut ,I -.t'ik
Ct*( q; uLL*.;"rut*vvt
a ! '1
L !'o-Ltur & ll
c* t#. . r-.F_ J
(*

0.;
ll,t,ria Le(-'/l-It
L *)
-AiJ.,-
7-*' " l*\o M,U^ o. i t tti,i, ''(,
__
K =t )
Jtl = (^^
,
-*) , w-,&) = ! c;
ll

U "* Ald. l-t.-ha u;dv,iu.,a2


G
k= L )
{-,^
r1
; C.rcr-'(t- D z (a-'[o)= tqi
& sJ" )^b,
Eo
-:-
urf*€u.ra p
Y=3) (+
Il3 ruur = (,#"(L,-+J -'[l-*l
-T) !12o"
i) = c-o-r
t" =

+* gfJn- IDLL trutuf u6. ; K=4) tlu*^ - (-#.


32 {, -r) --cu -,[- t) = ltro,
V= q f--n,*Jf"J*.
B **r"Iri* p 2 6lit'to* --
efl-u-u" E nl J.ekr
#
oo
" I,*to* vd/
J,&*i'Y f 4*,, t __ 6o", 6" ),,)
9rr'^ t tii o
Y'?d*n
ofunlle": a 3----- t''g' =r,":
,
15, = .,

& NLl$

pJr&Atrrtl,

'tl'-
-J+u , --\t
'-
e
\Yo -tl 10
o

tr* r
!i

-- h0
-
\.u. \, A rT .r,
b I \r
Crn ^ I I

j
\\",
,F

gvl?N

*t*,
o
lBo

* vsf $*u
:@ o+
a4 ayray
\ )
e1""" tl' &t
,i
:

l^- \
L
,r4--*
\'**'

,t I

+**Y''"
*1:
-lLb &*n .
ly

!+ = s.rtt''[t,) = t [ur+)1,
b\=4; Y= t(*t'f*-D

+ ' [ * (* *y-,) J. t r+)xJ, ca

LE+y"y -t.
Ldd
t [,fr+Dol,
ah*^ =![
33 t- r;rr1 ,,
-t L--q11
r1 ) _:_
1*Ftt))1
-+-/ \

r
t=1,
\t,. I
yy_ CE{''l
\-&- t- 3 \
-q) '!10 q
=
t
r
Y=*, u Lot''f r'L
f,*no
t/ )1) =tlc+.q1" =-
AE
I 05

K = 3, Lv I- Yr
(l
{*,u^. [c+'' -+)=tllr'tr'1'
\.7

+> ," o.-4^ **^? o+ tt r


foq*t A*ux,ut wlut- .A, fu.
"41rl},. '+ Ue,,',k 9n aAAifi"u^r-
f"@ t
{ u"-.
: d-v t€'s o
6
'- J.;
E* - l^u. i.u f--

Wfu
p
}J h-q.s"J - /? alL o-i-4etdl/ ,

1l

34
Yn.a* + {a) : E.!-u[-t'ile qL d: p* atL
* -Lt^J"
i/\-^-&
- A-l.-^
U,,**
I^t-
+==---- nn-n&

4"C"r"*p4yW*:i-
v\'^.le"
Llf*"1

lxt

qfq
Lk Ll'iL"L
D?i^ dJT pil lLwf, o+ ufi.**,u q7 u)^r- dgttfi{"t
qnt'e
-
+ WLr'"YffiJ esY* -| "'*-^
ry

bt qrro.ld4s uu.o,,u. :l L = tl+


W ,

e) # *-f ur )t!- ry *,| , = nl,


tl
et Lr.? t^-of-!.o .-,L*r)^unt L, Ll ,
t
!ia

=, I'\
TJd^ - j.3 rual, o_r,rtn-,a.+ s4 o

'*-__-

'l *f #*o*1 f#"L'*o# 1.j^,


Ald4
L^lJ.-u,\,^L

arty*uat
q]& t*U"t eJ fl,r-f n- l1w^* a,,d--o-^.w6a.

L>^t+
'J 'Y
'd <14 *,
lss

Tr-t h , ,Ll*r oi a u1t-tvuno.

.*
,6,1 Reedad kxre C rr*. \*n a***"a1
Os^^rtara L ild-c\k dr*"utc -!-nLti '[ L& IJAlte,/e
\
-twt
T = loLt
ll-th&s4L Io= W V*.k-u -@ a{ tiu, &r-rrHal,tt .

35
h
$t nrk
il.*&Mjc-
effal-
*
+
L
a* t-o

C-urr&rl & -f-.1 l:rt* qf


lae ^-L i ?ut
cL d&a*,- r.f
't' uA
{or"*, tl^r b^*}4 Yg.rJf-f."
fu^L
"t-p"U
Au, fl"- !5rd1&l- # f* C a*t* w"n",trc
Waat-) k q,di
"10"1_ q a.$lnn* kr l.tr-qx/,.
Fde'f' ir
L,5-s
r,

?* o{ ,t-tg* = L -- 3 xto? tu e*J


l
o', 1Jlu- luj=u)r.ee& U-w.u^A of p-Dr,),L
Dtt
\ I

\
T. LCj*k-+) @
veLrl& 5_ , L?u' tt@*+
5 'c P fuxtw*\*H" a!.a,.rlr
** L^-!-a,il^ y,^L 'f t^ -fu "{;d*
a "9
Jr *1,1" CoLI-rLt
?4. od
+ try *q"+ s\

U:rc -Uv,
ft* iln,J;''lul- .9ra"l-f a-Lt, ttur-{=6

'(#)'r' = #
0
?

7"r0.& -- T^^, x
*,
2*u.l}
I
-f"r fi"1* i) flfu' \
d*-
A,1"" porur& T*!ea(.EI.t lr_ :

p
L (' ,f'r,.+ =
fl :s
fr
4tr $'t
uu [u, &-,u- ?,t*,qr-{,n^1 E
l,na*it,d
Yz.fit h^

44 P"*u- -- jj t, &s + mef,7 rrrr-t4


36
a* tfu-& f*utes wL ,^X lxux * $ fiA-,-

uuk- 'ur-clse 'S'r,.HJ,l


ff\er^Z '{1' i
*tt'Y V.rcL'i )-t l,rt-( q,k.i- .!-e
f*J {*q {,".nr[ G+uy'*,tlr
,1 oo.J n ui-r i.ur,r a ila

sT ''+ kr
Pt-
[r*, u+)

Eo -l €lyt*Nc #** vr,,-,


Hfi => G*fa^- tutl,t.lo o+ +14 frn 4,u-'
a
A-) ' ffi'r.Ar:,n fr,t fu9r^il
P^Er"u"eJ
tt-
o
&u'ug ucc_t* i.r
{
r
)
*ro q,
I Sr xTL sf,_o d* A+
tl
i"r

ll\
JJ YL $, Sf,.e ul. d
+

L b ,.r-u'-i {, o-!-u- !A)-Lo&"l- Q*.u.&a-u-p-


+
+ {u*,qLtL
7r. .lgol
= rzor
l+++ I

AJ
lru I = lcc-r I ++ I

F *,q
$rW C**|*** of AWI- ilqrtttfc e+l1fu r
Jj,J" , + =-#j

t-

37
fu-

v*
e-tutut;*\

g*'g#e_W
fiile Cy^rl"*r^$.t
r-- w,*; CI..er_r_ 6

-.---
L> 6 brt*ct"L
lp
t\,
fiW W44!,^14 , ;, Lo' E0
lg
e> Xtc'7u*.lc $da- G^\"-"t, i i, *-+
lla , tt.p ,
-a2

!l a)"- fu
.-
$u b\"*y ,+'At,,tL il.-prfu, f.c-
:'
il
e"6' z $

-+
ZxI w
=Q
,. <)
th --o
l*,) lf+l x,zo,r
=

lf+ --
_l-t-tFt "ftna 4*-,
F
)tutLt lt-n)
l1
+'^\
*2"'=t2cr i _- l^
'-S

I = I]
I-il /ll+;
4"9
Fr K*rt'il* !ryia+&rr" * At^N .fi -L a
wulJnc_ ef"r t
<J
P.*. fu,^f fl^L Ji 0t6*
na{LJirfr6^ lutixLo*,tt- I D
/tl^d,4,
.tfu^lr^J e, qd. o
$ R6, f2or,'(*)' @ o4*o1" tr*-
"l+t ttu lt S-yl
$4AA:"t&L6*
{*t N.wtaut o+ l)'-d-tt
#p{" * w*7;aa
38
L* iot (l Lr",r.lt't r-lrr-rt-tr-ic
o q
I14 !
,tl3uo"
,v ld +'l&
Lr
<-** { ^ Im-.lf'^l+ >>
{
<) ,tffi
7- <-
:+ .>\
/
\5fi' 1\ \
-,
I
I
\
I
*

tu
l4x r -- -T" .-l*" L fl^s [rue-Loro.ot ?rt . w;44 lL,t
tlt-tr,rritrurrwl Vefurt-

Jr I , .ro

[r-t '(7 t" tw 3.{-"J,?eL}" [un/ *,o-uty aJ )Nn *!nd:r:,


e,g, T

Ll rr fr* ,'t.trtuic"r P4nu


r*'I-{-uL &-t fr^t earil^'t^a iJ

hrr T*',nu = I^ =+
'{-L V}
@+
i

l"f Ja f*.Ie u't";u f, aL


df. t"4t,- '+ 'y' * *t/,
{v**
CI.
L+d.ua-wd..

f4{r".4 .k"Jr qt"t"t ,^j-B u


#*t i,r y*^
I^I KT f
I \
ffu-*taaa4 ' ''
39
D f',n fan
I r"* = ) J r L" sr s!.,,.0 d+ d- p
& _*o
Q=o .

S",r.+s,Ieoxu6] _@
hrr .leil -_ l2or
/+9t
.,11

0
Ao
m^fi) w-rl*\ i 6" =
*- Ruf t aou I +r+/
ia qt"J
^
I+rt
^ Il1ql" , lr+t,

Sy ' 6o'r lilptL


uotuAv
I tl4 l=.trlft.Sf^s a
d-rtts.
4tv

S^6 -_ , ,
;w S:^L o

,)t t, si^e D
A
4t\
n,
l{-Jd .
o
lw,^ W$, il*;Jlr-^
P.r** =-! 3-p'r'( [v, ST*, E ,
Sfl^ o d+ &q
Qn'r' J J I

,& =o Q.o
n* d

lr'a = -l 5 ,o' P' ,,' f ,n


dit 4+
^
Qt i--o
)
-l f.o
40 D
lr.* t I o TJ tv
PL
---- -- @

{JaJ*r u* t.u C"^U!"}*


€l&&uic^l- , x
f* ful;,.est
SteJ:.t_kL
{wu /*y a,tt

foo &"r ._ to-!c


-J " o

f,L,
/-v - ,rrP
a..2
L.
E

F
: d'rt

2o
Kt ,gaIJlrl
lrl
L'
t lLr)

PoX4 '^L I
L
q

r.rf
Bxv \ r,'n' Lj
':-a-
A'

Ao' so n' I t*]


t LJ
{n*atc* t^yftta\ 'a+ ^l , d3p,i-,,, '

fu* "ltoJ-i d.b" pwrfu{pi.r.cp el hu f we_u-a_

"UpU uu**u,r*o it 1s -tt


C$4$ &rJ o-
\, dJd"- L***^n

tt '*,tf,,trX
,T*W . \*-
vE/ I ---*
I-[r I foq +"{&
u &e* /*
.--'f +

41
' l,J;,_ !4a_d: atrt* Mujule^u.
tuL $; t,-
T + frf"u
bL lel -la

fee I q" ro**


U'J C"LI&!L?l,q.t-
W oLixl o.t -il,rt-onda
^a-
p
L
?rr* = Iu^^t
JA ^ =L
K"f , .Jo fv-@
a U- psi^u,$ !\A-J:-t d ?
'il,v l"* f*u ri 0r**
ll
py
I

*Lu#tun,
4
7-t" l* a* fu,* p-sur-t,
"[t*"ti dtbt qrtt
i !l
I
fu $** i"
fs,"& s, ors

Ir
ru KT W&r\ WrJ.r, ^r1^i_hudo it
id

ri
rL

i!,
Nkr
**fp+t =
tzoaa!- le,l =i2oal+p 1

:!

It

o'o Itl '+ (-e(,r,o /*ol xlp+t*)

fr I = [c,'\ lu pt' G,
a!* *"l,;tuA, u+ -
*\urLic t'&omrty ,+ xlo
^ ," +,-tl,
ry ?tt fu- b f*^ W d.L.*.trr.^ ,+' 'p'
f", I vt_-rtzc.dul _@
\-\-_=_-- l+ol =Dpt[y
ryj&_rye Lffia
o ^u T&-,- **? n;&rJg ,+ poXOr"X, \j:tf"\ lr
If; l- 6on +r+1,
: @,,C#, x
Lgry*ry),
J
f; ) = . ,:r,r": y,
I
+"t;t f
L = (d, ry.)
er^iu l
42
.'l
1 JM- f4y4$ s+*$ afr* r t{*L0
lu U

@:e flr*& " rt, ds


Jj
,r &d

:[(s#)
&_-o
t, ,_ L
!i-'t't'*9_ i
/L# '(^1, ,
€-effi-
Sf ,to _)
1'Sirtofud+

t6t;Y I f u,(4,o dtr


Pr,.d* = a J r\ --:-^
s) ')
$,fr
)d-.e t{ rd. t

e'9 C-fr'to ,/) f,


I

$=a
-- .t5f,L x (t,ztel (trr)
x
f

ToL +@
-(.I"d"q
,,y'

iLic ,
k
[*a
L fuLt t4^aA-7 dB
q
r[uu-r_r, f_er..r_tr; "&J-
sL*rJw,.L
e
l!.
t tlriiak p*u:-rt-.: AZux p&.a- a
/i'"r-,.
I
?
@ ar,toL €,
'J4-
<-L
g L:
Ry = 3b.+
cl-
.t)
Y(]
:! = t6,+ g
r-
,l
Jr. ) = )b. +t x z
K., = 1s'q6:i
8r g ?s -rt

AI"t" :
W fla-t,n -Li u-iot; ci- iutr vLx rli 7-l& d-f""rfird ,+ flr
j} & L< [
la0
hr^* ! +t Uyn --*d t.,
fr
fr>
Q_+r"rcfu*

*+
U,/'a-^t!-
Ir' \l + )
rl wo.Aa
(r"^1, )
9?? > l***f It -ei
j..t !) (r >>xlz)
43
AJ^"- j.4L$-U* Wfu ta-rccr- \, I/&^ tf,aa dJ*
u,,,tLy*.,*o :A R"- 4a:>

"
i ll+ a-,,,*-uw^,,rq R^t _ ls ,t
i = "56'T 4
2J\ utJ-Lv-n* (.^r :,t , ls ^ + .- &qYJt

l*u,*' g1^ lreJ"l ,1-d" t-utfu1*n^, \^* $",, {-i&-*


Co-tlT"s"^ t ,ttL . u+ ' N^t\*-
w au* xlo d_efLl
Ltl* oI
r
C+)' :!
L Kx. ea zL g,,!+t di* ( r.
^/r)
b2, &^t . Ts :>#+ d:*
) P-"9
^tL/tt
oLtfst,- , IItl , .LFL_ ei,,to.
d';t-"f,
+ Prq _L d.ffd," , lltol , r: I u(olrcd+)-l
rnv L --1.ot;;- )
t2onlUf ,
Io+l
LLu* uc"Y
Y*&; T- x'(r
--C
I

L"A-?-fri,* t{1t ct tvtLttr R7

Ir,nR-tu)
#'
s) + tL.fr,t dJf"t*- a-*7-r-vu*ra, ilL *^t. I +
I]
I

-t, fLt lru


y,!rte)LLp- JJ *.f + .
f_f fua- u^A:
* n
Lff:W "a{.-
"fu*
Q?n*, L=-L
' Lo
P-xa,&,;:>
T he- h^,gfa oS fu!-
t/ 1 &u[t..r..yta ;
b laau b,^_^ \ +tt**
tr.
lUr^ CCc-L-t

uon il* q?w^ a.ug,u6


44
d
f.L ,{.l*'tt aE
t
Fy' sorL(*)
roz r( A)'
t --^1
8o'n
L
L+r)'
k, l,sq rL

f Jf t d.e
,irg <-----,'
F"
f 'l .f K tnu,t
1,st
7'tq + p.t

L" 4r,qt,l,
<+ A .Magneh'r- *- .6lre nfih r"| eDl"rAI,a., i,& ,/
"fd
relulreJ 1o te- P"oduc"J d- a- P"ft.r- a'5 lcrtn fe,ar r!.

irt i:rcc.i&'&" plca're, fur'f ree Epcate'


fh" Gi'uFtrtna- ll',n
t-ior,*] iltu{cl. pe r,iea- i'5 :Fa-carr8'a{tltJ b?'
(.; ft t-ito'i*.iict .lr'I.cle , rea-ri 1=' 2 "- '

Q; A H ce lf t'u aL^Q cJf P'o; s

( ) A Mwnopole qu aals 6 h')cr-v.e durG"rrro.

L-> Lrie Kvrou.i Jha-t- pci,',eu J1-cxrtErorl'*tJ


Gnil'*ninr^
.\ +, P

ftn--{ennnx * Rr &, Pear cuwe,d tr' *.


2- ,-- [,{g hai'^g +o
P,Z 5"RY
Y'qd A *-a &'.a R",Iufu
Qfrwo: .lH+l =d-ox64 Akm i '{=
* Brootd 6iJ" plene :) V=no b

(D Hert3iao dfpole no-


r\/\-/\-n-/ /\r\-,r\-./
45
Li ,j I

N r.f. + Herf&i qo (shorr dipot") drp"tq &^6*,*-


Rr
i4 e-= so n*(+\: &oxr( ) )-
Rn = 8o r "( *.)-
Rr= l"Q6g3 -f.r-

Te l-,^J cuort*J
,rj''. \\ \
J..u

for G1frr.- .i*,Li -


6
lr+6 i =&6 x rc,

{r" Fieri]iaur$lpo(n , rr-jhr roFL


{sLe,rt .lrr"r,i * Ii-t4; = Si'r1 D
;,
s u'lsH' }-,,rh F= : .u } ;-
* a L
3r
oixroSour

S;tic, (- t,..";r,.L P\o'rr, lt''qt 1;

Jn
'-
fftl1|,y' =aoftyL: ix tl:ta3
i.rsiure (rn'tiL:\;1.
6
; )(i; -)^'r" )
f ='i.> dexdgx lu x ,? xr L-i
"
-fD *-Aooox tC3 rt

-D = S.o A
T

5
iB

Pc,r.Jer rooli ,prDR,5 :"


. )_.."J<d 2 J^ Kf
C/s\c, o{
ii cr,rlrrrrli(d
+ &t
3a
=-'1:"26
Yr*l .2" b {6 G/
I = },..l

46
(ul * .1"a4 ur;a,,wa drprle :- C L= -t/) \
A..71/^- /\//\-/#-

{* Hql} t'ro$/e d f PtL -, Rr = *:sL


ft +,tSg^fr I Gn"eo lH+J = 4oXlo-to

f,..l.Hf {H+J
' =*dn-'u-
:os {r/r
Sin e
cos &
I +3 ^ e.rr
a',.,r-

{"r & = 9o' e osf % rose) coS?,ry@


$," ng
c9rJfl
=
I
lstoA!:s*)
1L
A
.'P A
t ^\b+
J-
)l

,t/
,.ra

io -:,i ox fo x{ n-} Jxl D3 6


'\.

= P5 l" 3aT /ta1 t\


L
Pft4 =# Ru-= (asr-ae+zr;9
_a
c{_
x*s
il
*s,*
C") +* @uarkr #ttoR t(onopo{+, 1 L= btl ) B,?.t
P"od b9 n*lf ruaua o;po[-
&-g
+ ""d *2
L*t .-i.u,w

= t.l ti
6.T*5.1"**
$i r;t" h)
P".e

47
€) A^ eledt-i'c Fre ld s+r enffb + Iol* vJ^ i6 lb
n-',eOgelred 0$ a_n 'gkervolioo po1of
4 - 9= 2

5 o o l(''a^7
fno ro,, q ha.lf to.Ja6 d?pof q qnu.,lnq ;p.
c{j- SoMHZ '
'*-y,
(aJ ,Jhqf I'xihe Te.+g'+ Drpole
Ca; Cqlcuh,b JE CL[rd"erf thd] nnutsl te
*.a lo Anhrn,no.
€) Ffrd F" c\€rtge pouoe?r )qJlqkd Lxd"lnv*
+ llfr, vl6, ) o-qd: ^tr=SrDkra-,
lnel= lox166
-}.r"t+ Naw dt po[s : + = sDx to6 ntr
g) Levrgfh_^t_:tole i- t . 6hrqo drb. d;pot" {vB"
i z Hql* {^lel,Me i
,^\-A=/V\--
f pota Anntu*t*

..u l-=4= ('|il c -axrol = 3+nr

CA-l (rrnrr,ii ( To) i-

T Crrravd t8 '-rtla,&; +o |"Ict8nt-.i-i c -|-^ j


'\-\-T -,'r*-^
et S+rtu,glb
lol. k"
I r rt flS>(ni'-tti't-)
lH+\; 1
--l
d* [-- s(,,io
-f o n-r (liux,-, .l*t . 6
lE6 J = tox t b, r,, *, )

tzJ x"t, lEr: \


: lao[-
I H+t
*\
*/' li-iJ, : ---1
Ee I - lcr ic, 6
+ l,*Dn /&an
fon &-:-r--JD*
xr --). (os(n/qccts)
'::a j";--,= _-4r
' ro - &A-r 1 1161= { /rx S.oop fog x tox r6A=g3.ggra4
fo = B3' 333m4 Jpon" :
*9--
Jlr .r)
(.; por^.rnr hrliai€") I D
itqd-;]^
48
qry
=ff4rir=rss ct{ -- l_ l^,
(4> tilhr+ ofle Bro*d 6il. A-ou.,y L trrd
Fiae '{t-ay
Qrr^e G*p*at S&n LeFroeen
.[5e-.n N) Ib ?eiPec-ts lE
Dretl$r?ry , tl1ap4 , FN&h.l, l'Jtviwta, rvlioj'o"'' CIJVe9*'

porarne"}<r "B.rad 8dA4_A"ry l*a Frne hray


I

l">t^uf * r|
Mrxiarrucn l. ot necfrrrr t
t' &# vJh ho Y.d,ah,lr1 in pea-pe,ilrc,, *1"r" R6.l;argi4
I J
1* lo4 xia - sfi 4rr6"q/ Iat_loog lhe of Iner-t=ion
l* d[-A*v
I +?]n., R"J;^h*" l+lrt'^
I Axii< -) *x i 5 (o) l"e <-+ory*:r
I &-.r |
+I"y
*l{j*- Re,,

Dirc&bn y
8.-
M'laXinntlur? I| A :rgd'rhqx I $*r= oo, tr*;
d.ad'' s&)',/v)
I l,
* Dfa.egfvtdy
I D" =- af
I

q\
^L;/ D- 4(*)
I *, u tq^,-,rb-
g-

I
I L= L".glB t lt"*l g rrxl I

tt
I n*""I,+,.h o*.*l
|

1A:nqrn)6q6
| $ f*;"t Jou,rr"^ i

I d. J."s-Ie",rc, bJ* Porvrf sotlrtp-,

. Ir HPBL) 5 +.30
'Hpep{ - HPBru=6+..J8)
=
c*) A/

5l BNtrN . BhtFN = &(l-lrghl


BL..IF^0 = &tHfer^,)
%

t'A \-.,0
6. &d;^H'6y u- , Axir Sx,S
Po*teon )
E '-\o

?F*,IL

{-=:
--------'/

49
{ete *
q'
4"toi ^^"'Jheql:bfurag
+ l^lil h en Zxplq",qhrry flo[l
l-
qo -fi'hn 1-io,eqz
'4nEvrnas
E"
b +ng Anhnna Aiad tb b" fll
t,5 LJ*" Arrtbt "t^
("1.*) (t>xto)
'v rE t-
Cond u utor diorneL,,
d<.+D,rn g, d<<^
lso
* JE Lengli ., ,, + *@-
t+ *u a,rhnn" s.o*iutg-? .t^ryLtryo ficx an eA aB
@fq^x
TEnn LhneAfl A.,te,nna.
L> -tEe diaff bu"iion fin l6lin thr,dl &nEvrv,rax Xa dsSurred
Cumrc-yd

"b bz SfrntxofJ^J fin No,fuae-. e,


14 &\*"
\ \

f - fo S in Luci t 4;r"r(* "t')


('-)
-r6e*rcnn ftn
6 frr, *)] i.: ed
[t
ca(rt
"m ,ti &Jtr-e,at th"e9L

b oupu"''Ju? on fury-1t, fib, Lhn@q dan6nyro,s cilrt.,r^r dixhib*iie,)


hn *,t1 (q),O; er (Jr ((€t( L}hla)
i8 thonrrt

#
L.Itrl
+
I

eu(h,
{il.18 {4
05fr+ "f? ca, GnnPtdt ldqve
"t$
cer
Nq \'k kl'S) L='?)
lr.lqvv.
(L=4) l;'-
e=+) \- 2/ L=

r&i:fu$*,y'-lG*^r lsggg'ed
b g;annpte -.
f* ' H*lt liq\^e ,Jfib, LhDeaq drp.tr {-A\nnrv,
r"d ?..hb'n 1g58funrn- i4 ?Se
t, * -rr.,b, Lb,eqa 4r.l2r"o +r e]d co-,po^enE fl:re lrt4\=& H#"1
L) gnd' !ilfrr+l "- raoR 9 l€'p-l : t&o{- Irt+l to' ft6t

50
4,tl
*+ {-an&qa c''rp"nqk "&
l\,r
g,[f .J-J.bLhXJ j&945;r_
Cenande, o =tEh Lnneosl dfpole =AyrbnnA l-u;y LurVtE Lt+
pra&cl *"*u;:ilu q6 ur"r.:r #t
Fo\"}

fk
*- nl
/__A-/ 'E^cu*.au)
/_siou-roiAal E cu*.p*^&
-a.tr*'"r-,*, Tr':E+=o L
*-,u.ra
- - -/
"y
.*,>),,uY\,,1Y, # = I:O .
,H* !tri ""t^d-
tr 1" f g**-Fj1!lk^ fF
rX # u t. Ht q*-rpon.n[
Cu"*tr" pa rn,gg@!1tr*
_ftn t**6
-
\", trar tre.ld
CI:4 ) ,

Fr8{ , 6hotor8 o Ad"r.grh.rr^l Cea-,,91" Fi fo'. lu*a e^6nnq .1.^rl,\^9,


$inul,soida-I &s&"e"\f &,gf"f b^hen. t aF
.IF< rejer{qJ &rm-E,4 'L'
w- qov'
polnF 'z' o?n d,"pola is Tart-,- *. t'*'
r= rosia [uCkr*! J-'*(**"1')
^.\
TE. Fhr 4-,"1a en^l^tian8
* a, S.dro,n&ri GJ &r.#." -&"rl +hk)
,Dnne*' d^6are3 ia ?.w^ W
5su) c"s ( *,
S inrD
-@
Eo- = lQo 7t x H4 r.,i*rtlU*1 ;.t gir^eo \ sTztul+n 6

+* ld h hra^^e df pole :

r)- r
near#nB
_ J rhe n^E-ne^d"
t lYTfiru$'c &ua sf)^eryrb f$ x
Itt+ - f,o lcr, (rt"crse)l
Qrr L Frn,+ J &-
S fng
lEa :rronrh4)=
+ 51
[gry,-l
--ED ) 4

Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen