Unit 2: Experiences

Teacher: Mr. Willy Pizarro Sánchez

I’ve studied English
Present Perfect
Look at the following sentences:

1. The men paint the house. (Present Tense)

2. The men painted the house. (Past Tense)

3. The men have painted the house. (Present Perfect Tense)

 Present Perfect Tense
Made up of
“ have /has” + past participle form of verb
Present Past Present participle Past Participle

eat ate eating eaten

write wrote writing written

“has/have” + eaten 
“has/have” + ate /eat/eating
×
When do we use the Present Perfect Tense?
“Javier has gone to school. ”

- used to describe an action that has been completed.

Isn’t the Past Tense also used to describe

completed action?

“Javier went to school.”

She went for food yesterday. 

She has gone for food yesterday. ×

In using the Present Perfect tense:

-we cannot include the time of action.

“ She has eaten the bread.”

We use the present perfect tense to talk about
things that happened at some time in the past
and have a connection to the present.

He has lived in Lima for twenty years.

She has taken art lessons for two months.

I have drunk five glasses of water since lunch.

The present perfect form of a verb is made up
of two parts.

Positive statements are formed like this.

Subject have/has Past participle
I
You
have finished.
We
They
He/She/It has eaten.
Negative statements are formed like this.
not

I have finished.
Negative statements are formed like this.

I have not/haven’t finished.

no
t
You havefinished.
Negative statements are formed like this.

I have not/haven’t finished.

You have not/haven’t finished.

no
t
She hasfinished.
Negative statements are formed like this.

I have not/haven’t finished.

You have not/haven’t finished.

She has not/hasn’t finished.

Questions are formed like this.

I have finished. Have I finished?

You have finished. Have you finished?

She has finished. Has she finished?

We often use the following words with the
present perfect tense.
already ever for just since yet
Which word is followed by a certain time
in the past?
since

We have been to the airport five times since July.

I haven’t seen Helen since last summer.

We often use the following words with the
present perfect tense.
already ever for just since yet
Which word is followed by a length of time?
for
I have been a member of the Drama Club for three years.

She hasn’t written to me for a year.

We often use the following words with the
present perfect tense.
already ever for just since yet
Which word is often used with negative statements and questions yet
when the action has happened already or we expect it to happen
soon?

Have you done your Maths homework yet?

Has your brother taken his driving test yet?
My parents haven’t signed my report card yet.
I haven’t had lunch yet.

Yet usually goes at the end of the question or negative statement.

We often use the following words with the
present perfect tense.
already ever for just since yet
Which other word is often used with the ever
present perfect tense in questions?
ever

Have you travelled on a motorbike?
We often use the following words with the
present perfect tense.
already ever for just since yet
Which other word is often used with the ever
present perfect tense in questions?

Have you ever travelled on a motorbike?

ever

Has he invited you out for lunch?
We often use the following words with the
present perfect tense.
already ever for just since yet
Which other word is often used with the ever
present perfect tense in questions?

Have you ever travelled on a motorbike?

Has he ever invited you out for lunch?

We put ever between the subject and the main verb.

If the answer is negative, we can use
have/has never + past participle. It means
‘not at any time’.
Have you ever been to Tokyo Disneyland?
Yes, I have.
No, I have not/haven’t. or
No, I have/’ve never been to Tokyo Disneyland.

Has he ever taken cooking lessons?

Yes, he has.
No, he has not/hasn’t. or
No, he has/’s never taken cooking lessons.
We often use the following words with the
present perfect tense.
already ever for just since yet
Which word shows that an action
was completed a short time ago?
just
just

They have finished the project.
We often use the following words with the
present perfect tense.
already ever for just since yet
Which word shows that an action
was completed a short time ago?
just

They have just finished the project.

just

Mum has come home.
We often use the following words with the
present perfect tense.
already ever for just since yet
Which word shows that an action
was completed a short time ago?
just

They have just finished the project.

Mum has just come home.

We put just between have/has and the main verb.

We often use the following words with the
present perfect tense.
already ever for just since yet
Which word is used in positive statements already
to stress that something has happened?
already

Karen has left Lima.
We often use the following words with the
present perfect tense.
already ever for just since yet
Which word is used in positive statements already
to stress that something has happened?

Karen has already left Hong Kong.

already

I have seen the new film.
We often use the following words with the
present perfect tense.
already ever for just since yet
Which word is used in positive statements already
to stress that something has happened?

Karen has already left Hong Kong.

I have seen the new film already.

We put already between have/has and the main verb, or at the

end of the sentence.
Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the
simple past tense or present perfect tense of the verbs in brackets.
Write in a subject if necessary.

1 (you / see) my school bag? (I / leave) it on my desk a

minute ago and it’s gone now.
2 A fire (break out) in our building last night. All the residents
(have) to leave their homes and wait in the street. Luckily, no one
(be) injured.
3 just (I / come) back from my holiday. (I / go) to
Hawaii with my friends.
4 My dad (be) a chef for twenty years. (he / be) a teacher
before (he / become) a chef.
5 ever (you / try) duck’s tongues? never (I /
have) any and I don’t want to try.
Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the
simple past tense or present perfect tense of the verbs in brackets.
Write in a subject if necessary.

1 Have you seen (you / see) my school bag? I left (I / leave) it on my desk a
minute ago and it’s gone now.
2 A fire broke out (break out) in our building last night. All theresidents
had (have) to leave their homes and wait in the street. Luckily, no one
was (be) injured.
3 I have just come (I / come) back from my holiday. I went (I / go) to
Hawaii with my friends.
4 My dad has been (be) a chef for twenty years. He was (he / be) a teacher
before he became (he / become) a chef.
5 Have you ever tried (you / try) duck’s tongues? I have never had (I /
have) any and I don’t want to try.
 Recap:
1.The present perfect tense is made up of
a. has/have + present participle
b. had + past participle
c. has/have + past participle form of verb √
2. In using the Present Perfect Tense, we should not
include
a. the completed action
b. the time in which the action was completed √
c. the action
 Since and For
in the Present Perfect Tense
Since
Since is used for:
❖ start of the time
❖ a particular time

Since Monday
start of the time

Monday

Past Present
Since can be used with ............

9 o’clock
April 4th a month ago

2001 Since last weekend

12:30 Christmas
I came to
Buffalo
Sample sentences with Since

I have been in the office since 9 o’clock.

I have lived in Buffalo since 2006.
She has known John since December 12th.
We haven’t taken a test since last week.
I have had a driving license since I was 18.
They have taken this class since January.
It hasn’t snowed since two weeks ago.
For
For is used for:
❖ a period of time
❖ a duration of time

For four days

1 2 3 4

Past Present
For can be used with ………….

an hour
two weeks a long time

a month For ten seconds

five years a decade

ten minutes
Sample Sentences with For
I have waited for my friend for an hour.
I have studied English for a month.
It hasn’t snowed for more than two weeks.
Have you been in Buffalo for a long time?
She has been in Canada for five years.
They haven’t slept for a whole day.
I have talked with my mother for 10 minutes.
Let’s compare since with for !
I have had this book March 1st.
I have had this book two weeks.

I have been in Buffalo 2006.

I have been in Buffalo half a year.

I have known him a month ago.

I have known him a month.