Unit 1: The way we are

Teacher: Mr. Willy Pizarro Sánchez

Adjectives
 Adjectives are describing nouns
• The girl jumped in the beach

• + ADJECTIVE

• The beautiful girl jumped in the beach.

• I put on my backpack.

• +ADJECTIVE

• I put on my blue black backpack.

• He went to roller coaster.

• + ADJECTIVE

• He went to the fast roller coaster.

• I walked in the forest.

• + adjectives

• I walked in the beautiful forest.

• The dog jumped high.

• + adjective

• The black nice cat jumped high.

An Adjective
answers the question “What kind?”

The small boy is walking.

This is a big farm.
The brown cow was on the farm.
Some adjectives tell about

Colors
and Shapes
Did you see the gray kitten?
I love red strawberries.
Did you see my yellow duck?
The round sun is in the sky.
The food is in a square bag.
Some adjectives tell about

Size
This is a small bunny.
 T-Rex has a short neck.

T-Rex has a big legs.

T-Rex has a long tail.

T-Rex has a huge head.

Adverbs
ADVERBS
• Adverbs describe and modify or change other
words, just as adjectives do.
• HOWEVER, instead of describing things, they
describe actions & qualities.
• Adverbs qualify the meanings of verbs,
adjectives, and other adverbs.
• For example:
• How did the runner run?
• How deep was the snow?
• How well did the singer sing?
• Adverbs have the answers to all these questions!
Example
• He played
guitar skillfully.
• He played
guitar
dreadfully.
• He played
guitar
passionately.
Features of Adverbs
1. Many adverbs end in –ly
2. Adverbs modify
(1) Many adverbs end in –ly
• Many adverbs are formed by adding –ly to an
adjective.
• Ex: lovely, ugly, sadly, happily, briefly, easily,
truly.
• Warning: -ly ending does not guarantee a word
is an adjective!

Adjective -ly Ending Adverb

Quiet + ly = Quietly
HOW?
Is or was it done?
• Rules about adverbs:
1. Use adverbs sparingly b/se they cause wordiness and
awkwardness
2. Beware of words ending in –ly that are not adverbs
• Examples: lovely, lonely, ghastly, and worldly
• These examples do not answer the question HOW?
• These examples are really adjectives!
3. Always go back to the HOW? Rule

HOW? Is/was it done?

(2) Adverbs Modify
• When you use an adverb, you modify
or change the meaning of a verb, an
adjective, or another verb.
• Modify verb
• Ex: Good drivers turn the corner slowly.
• Modify adjective
• Ex: Really good drivers turn that corner
slowly
• Modify adverb
• Ex: Good drivers turn that corner very
slowly
(3) Placement of Adverbs
• Adverbs modifying verbs can usually be moved around in a
sentence w/out changing the meaning.
• Before verb
• Ex: The car immediately stopped.
• After verb
• Ex: The car stopped immediately.
• Adverbs that modify adjectives or other adverbs belong
right in the front of the words they modify.
• Before adjective
• Ex: That’s an extremely dangerous corner for bicycle
riders.
• Before adverb
• Ex: The car turned the corner really quickly.
(4) Adverbs and Comparisons
• Regular adverbs
Fast Faster Fastest
Early Earlier Earliest
Rapidly More rapidly Most rapidly
Easily More easily Most easily

• Irregular adverbs
Badly Worse Worst

Far Farther Farthest

Well Better Best

Confusing adverb pairs

Adverb Well Badly Really Surely

Adjective Good Bad Real Sure

• Examples:
• Her test results were good.
(adjective linked to results)
• She did well on her test.
(adverb modifying verb did)
Prefixes
 What Are Prefixes?
• A prefix is a group of letters we add
to the front of a word.
• Prefixes change the meaning or
purpose of the word, e.g.
How has the word meaning been altered?

un + kind = unkind
The word has become its opposite meaning (antonym)
 The prefix ‘un’
•My mum was
unwell at the
weekend
with a bad
cold.
 The prefix ‘un’
•Jerry seemed
unhappy that the
cat was by his hole.
 The prefix ‘dis’
•Sally How has the word meaning
been altered with this prefix?

disagreed agree-----disagree

with Tom
over who
threw the
snowball.
Again the word has become an antonym (opposite) of the root word.
 The prefix ‘dis’
•Can you
disable the
alarm?
Add the prefix ‘un’ to these root words!

unfinished
undo
unfit
un
unwell unpack

unload
Add the suffix ‘dis’ to these root
words!

discoloured
distrust
dislike
dis
disorder displease
disapprove
 The prefix ‘re’
•Danny had to refill
the bucket.
 The prefix ‘re’
•The T.V. showed an
action replay.
 The prefix ‘de’
•Dad had to defrost
the chicken before
he put it in the
oven.
 The prefix ‘de’
•The time to depart
from the station
had arrived.
 The prefix ‘pre’
•Bart liked
prehistoric animals.