REPORT ON GUEST LECTURE

MET’S Bhujbal Knowledge City, Polytechnic had arranged a guest lecture

for IT and Computer engineering students on the topic Programming Language
Concepts. The lecturer invited was Mr. Mahesh Bhor who is currently working
OCS InfoTech , Pune. He has studied different types of programming languages
and is master in it. He also has a working experience in Dubai. His hobby is
photography. The lecture conducted by Mr. Bhor was very informative. It gave us
information about different programming languages.

The first programming language was OBJECT – ORIENTED PROGRAMING

(OOP).

It covered the following concepts related to OOP

1. Object oriented programming concepts..
2. Components of an object.
3. Class level Vs. Object level.

Main features of Object Oriented Programming.

1. Classes and Objects

• A class is a prototype for creating objects. When we write a program in an
OOP like JAVA, .NET we define classes which in turn are used to create
objects. A class has a constructer for creating objects

• An object is a computational entity that

a. Encapsulates some data
b. Is able to perform actions, or methods on this state
c. Communicates with other objects via message passing.

2. How to program in Object – Oriented way?

• Model the world as objects.
a. What objects do you need?
b. How are these objects related to each other?
c. How these objects interact to achieve what we want?

These are some questions whose answers help us to write a program

effectively.

3. Programming Progression
• Programming has progressed through
a. Machine code
b. Assembly Language
c. Machine Independent Programming
d. Procedures and Functions
e. Objects
4. Intrinsic Power Vs. Extrinsic Power
• This programming is not a matter of intrinsic power.
• Anything you can do with a minimally capable computer language, you
can theoretically do it.
 5. Concepts of Object
• Objects are a self contained entity.
• Objects have two components:-
o Attributes
o Methods
• Attributes are also called instance variables.
• The attributes of objects may or may not be visible to the outside world
(i.e., to other objects).
• The attributes can be hidden.

6. Concepts of Class
• The entire set of data and code of an object can be made a user-defined
data type with the help of a class.
• Objects are variables of the type class.
• A class is thus a collection of objects similar type.

7. Calling Vs. Invoking a method

• In OOP, we don’t really call a method
• For A to invoke a Method B
o A sends a message to B.
o B receives a message and decides how to respond.

8. How to program in OOP?

• Design classes to model the program domain.
• Including attributes and methods
• Define interface outside the class.

9. Class level Vs. Object Level

• Attributes or methods can be defined at the class level (static) or object
level (i.e., instance level )
• When static or dynamic object or instance level attribute if we want each
object to have its own copy of attribute.

Object – Oriented programming features.

1. Encapsulation.
2. Information Hiding.
3. Inheritance.
4. Polymorphism.

1. Encapsulation

• Wrapping of data and functions into a single unit (class) is known as data
encapsulation.
• Data is not accessible outside class and only those functions which are
wrapped in the class can access it.

2. Information Hiding
 • Insulation of the data from direct access by the program is called data
hiding.
3. Inheritance
• Inheritance is the process by which objects of one class acquire the
properties of objects of another class.
• The concept, of inheritance provides the idea of reusability. The new class
will have the combined features of both the classes.

4. Polymorphism.

• An object has multiple identities based on its inheritance tree.

• It can be used in different ways functions or procedures or methods.

The second programming language was Software Development Life Cycle

(SDLC)

The two main approaches to SDLC

1. Predictive Approach
2. Adaptive Approach

Traditional Predictive Approach

Traditional predicting approach includes the following concepts:-
• Project Planning
• Analysis
• Design
• Implementation
• Support

Activities of planning phase

• Define business problem and scope
• Produce detailed project schedule.
• Confirm project feasibility economic, organizational, technical, resource
and schedule.
• Staff the project (resource management).
• Launch Project – Official Announcement.

Activities of Design Phase

• Design and integrate the network.
• Design Application Architecture.
• Design user interface.
• Design system interface.
• Design and integrate the database.
• Prototype for design details.
• Design and integrate system control.

Activities of support phase

• Maintain System:- small patches, repairs and updates
 • Enhance System
1. Small Upgrades to expand system capabilities.
2. Larger enhancements may require separate development project.
Methodologies and Models
• Methodologies
o Comprehensive guidelines to follow for completing every SDLC.
o Collection of models.

• Models
o Abstraction used to separate out aspects.
o Diagrams and charts.
o Project planning and budget building.
o Representation of an important aspect of real world but not as same
thing.

Current Trends in Development.

• The unified process (UP).
• Extreme programming (XP).
• Agile Modeling : Hybrid of XP and UP,
• Scrum : Respond to situation as rapidly as possible.

Tools to Support System Development.

• Computer – aided system engineering (CASE).
• Contains database of information about system called repository.
• Automated tools to improve the speed and quality of system of
development work.
• Upper case: Support for analysis and design.
• Lower case: Support for implementation.

The third programming language taught was J2EE Vs. Microsoft .NET

• What are J2EE and .NET?

• J2EE
 Vendor – Neutral
 Multi – platform
 UniLinguistic Framework.
• .NET
 Vendor – specific
 Uni – platform
 Multi - linguistic

• J2EE in a nutshell :- Define a set of functional specifications for how to

develop, deploy and maintain enterprise application using JAVA
advanced technology.
• .NET in a nutshell :- A Microsoft new platform and use proprietary
technology.